I-Sparaxis isitshalo esidala njalo saseNingizimu Afrika, esikwaziyo ukugcwalisa ingadi ngenkani yombala okhanyayo ngemibala eqale ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Imbali ngayinye ihlanganisa izithunzi eziningana ezihlukanayo, njengothingo oluncane.
Izici ze-Botanical
I-genus sparaxis ingeyomndeni wakwa-iris. Lesi sitshalo esinqumayo sinohlelo lwezimpande zalo. I-elastic ebonakalayo ifinyelela kumuntu ongu-1 m ukuphakama endaweni ephakeme ephethe i-inflorescence enjenge-spike. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, kuyaqabukela ifinyelela ubukhulu obukhulu, ikhuphuka ngaphezu komhlaba ngamasentimitha ayi-15 ukuya kwezi-20. Amaqabunga e-Lanceolate aphakeme kakhulu futhi afana neembambo eziminyene. Amahlamvu aluhlaza omnyama, i-sinewy, i-pubescent.
NgoMeyi-Juni, kuqhakaza izimbali eziqhakazile. Zinomsuka ohlukile wephuzi, onsomi, obomvu neminye imibala namacembe aqhakazile. Kukhona izitshalo ezinopinki obomvu, obomvu, omhlophe, onsomi, o-burgundy nezinye izithunzi zamaphalishi. Ezinye izinhlobo, ngaphezu kombala ocacile, zinephethini lemithambo emnyama enamagatsha anamanzi. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwentyatyambo, inesimo esivulekile ngokuphelele noma esimise okwamahosha.
Ububanzi obuphakathi bezimbali ezinamaphalishi ayisithupha buyi-5 cm. Emgogodleni kukhona ama-stamens angama-3 asontekile futhi nepestle elilodwa. Ishubhu lakhe libonakala liphezulu ngaphezu kwembali.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo
Uhlobo lwe-sparaxis aluhlukile kakhulu, ososayensi bahlukanisa izinhlobo eziyisithupha kuphela nezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingama-20. Ezweni lethu, kuphela ezinye zazo ezitshaliwe, ngenxa yesimo sezulu esidingayo.
I-Sparaxis tricolorUngu-tricolor (tricolor). Amacembe neziqu ze-xiphoid afinyelela ku-40-50 cm.Form izimbali ezibomvu, ezibububende, ziphuzi noma ezimhlophe ku-inflorescence. Umnyombo wazo uqhakazile, uhlukile ngethoni ngombala oyinhloko wamaphayini. Indandatho emnyama yombala onsundu noma omnyama iyabonakala phakathi komgogodla kanye nomphetho wamaphalishi. Kulesi sici, izinhlobo zazo zaba negama lazo, ngoba ezimbalini ngayinye kunemibala emithathu ehlukene ngasikhathi sinye. Izinguquko eziphakathi kwabo zicacile, azilungiswa. Ngokusekelwe kulolu hlobo, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zitholakala:
- inkosi yomlilo - amacembe abomvu ngombala omnyama;
- umkhulu - ukuhluka okude okunamahlamvu amnyama aluhlaza kanye nama-inflorescence akhanyayo amhlophe, onsomi, i-lilac, ephuzi, inephunga eliqinile;
- ingxube engaphansi - ngeziqu eziqinile ezifika ku-15 cm ukuphakama, obomvu, ophuzi kanye nezimbali ezimhlophe ziyaqhakaza;
- bilbifer - Ama-inflorescence aphezulu ahlotshiswe ngezimbali zeqhwa-ezimhlophe noma ophuzi;
- imithende - Izinsimbi zombala ogqamile owolintshi zibonakala zicwazimula ngamalangabi futhi zihlukile ngapakathi nendawo;
- unomusa - isitshalo esincane, esino-cm cm amade, sihlotshiswe ngezimbali eziphuzi nezewolintshi.
Sparaxis Superba kuyehluka ekukhuleni okuncane. Imbali endala ifinyelela ku-25- 35 cm. Kwi-inflorescence enjenge-spike, kukhona ama-buds angama-5-7 ngesimo sezinkanyezi. Usayizi wega ovulekile awudluli ku-5 cm.Amapulangwe amhlophe, owolintshi, onsomi kanye nophuzi aqhathaniswa nomphuzi ophuzi noma omnyama.
Ungakhula kanjani i-sparaxis kusuka imbewu?
I-Sparaxis isitshalo esidinga ukhula ngokwanele ukuthi ikhule izodinga ulwazi lwengadi nokuqina. Izithombo zikhuliswa kubhasikidi ojulile onomhlabathi ovundile okhanyayo. Isitshalo sithanda isimo sezulu esifudumele nesinomswakama, ngakho-ke izitshalo zigcinwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma izimo eziseduze naso.
Imbewu ibekwa enhlabathini ukuze ibe ngu-5-10 mm ojulile futhi imbozwe ngefilimu kuze kuvele izithombo zokuqala. Izitshalo ezincane zinqunywa ngokushesha ukuthola ibanga okungenani le-2 cm. Izithombo zivame ukuniselwa futhi zigcinwe endaweni ekhanyisiwe. Lapho sifinyelela ubude obungu-6-8 cm, izithombo zingadluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Lesi sitshalo sizwela kakhulu ukubanda, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ingozi yeqhwa idluliswe.
Endaweni ehlala njalo phakathi kwezimbali kumele kube ibanga le-15 cm (lapho kukhula ngaphansi kwesigaxa) noma ngo-45 cm (lapho kuhlobisa ingadi). Ngonyaka wokuqala ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, izimbali ngokuvamile azilindelekile, lesi sitshalo sinezimpande futhi sikhule ngohlaza obuluhlaza.
Ukutshala ama-sparaxis
Ekwindla, ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuqediwe, ama kukhula futhi angahlukaniswa kube izicucu eziningana. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bamba futhi bahlukanise ngokucophelela, ukuze bangalimazi izimpande. Corms zigcinwa kuze entwasahlobo egumbini lokushisa lomoya cishe + 9 ° C. Ukuze ziqhubeke zisebenza, zizungezwe ngokhuni, kepha zinikeza umoya. Ngakho-ke isitshalo sigcina ukuhluma kuze kube seminyakeni emithathu.
Ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini, ama ama ndawonye ne-sawdust adluliselwa egumbini elifudumele, lapho izinga lokushisa liyi-+25 ° C. Ukutshala kungenziwa ezimbizeni noma ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungiselela i-substrate ekhanyayo nge-drainage enhle. Ama-loams anesihlabathi esingeziwe kanye nomanyolo we organic ayathandwa. Engadini udinga ukukhetha indawo ekhanyiselwe kahle futhi evikelwe endaweni ebandayo yomoya obandayo.
Esimweni sezulu esipholile, ama atshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngaphambi kuka-Mashi. Ekwindla, ungatshala engadini ezindaweni eziseningizimu. Amabhuleki ajulelwa enhlabathini ngamasentimitha ayi-10 ngebanga le-15 cm phakathi kwezithombo. Ukutshala kwe-Autumn kuqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaMeyi bese kugcina izimbali kuze kube maphakathi noJulayi. Ngokutshala kwentwasahlobo, izimbali ziqala maphakathi nehlobo.
Izici Zokunakekela
I-Sparaxis isitshalo esimnene se-thermophilic esingabekezeleli isithwathwa. Ngakho-ke, esimweni sezulu esifudumele, kufakwa ama-bullet ekwindla futhi agcinwe omile ku-sawdust noma peat kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Ngenkathi efudumele ziphinde zitshalwe emhlabathini.
Isitshalo sithanda kakhulu ukuthambisa ejwayelekile, kepha ngaphandle kokuqina kwamanzi, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zingabola nje. Ngokushisa okunamandla, amahlumela womhlabathi kufanele afafazwe ngamanzi afudumele, kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ekuseni kakhulu noma ekukhanyeni kwelanga elishonayo ukuze amaconsi amanzi angavusi ukushiswa.
Ukuze kwakheke izimbali ezengeziwe, kudingeka intwasahlobo epholile neyinethayo. Ungakha izimo ezifanele usebenzisa ukuthambisa ejwayelekile.
Ama-inflorescence aqothulayo namahlamvu asuswa, bese kuba khona amahlumela amasha endaweni yawo. Inyanga ngayinye, izitshalo zivundiswa ngomanyolo wamaminerali ngevolumu efinyelela ku-20 g ngebhakede lamanzi.
Ngo-Agasti noma Septhemba, lapho izimbali ziphela, lesi sitshalo siqala isikhathi esimanzi. Ilahla amahlamvu futhi inyamalale ngokuphelele ebusweni bomhlaba. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuthi nezilimo eziyizigaxa zihlala emhlabathini futhi zingazilimazi lapho zikhula noma zigaya.
Ukukhula kwe-sparaxis njengeplanethi yendlu kunzima impela. Udinga ukuhlinzeka ngokukhanyisa okuhle nomswakama ophezulu, kuyilapho umoya ebusika ezindlini uvame ukoma. Izimo zengadi ebusika noma abamba ukushisa zihle, lapho lesi sitshalo sijabulisa abanikazi ngokuqhakaza okunothe iminyaka eminingana.
Umhlobiso wensimu engaphandle
Ukuze i-sparaxis iveze ngokuphelele izakhiwo zayo zokuhlobisa, kuyadingeka ukuyitshala endaweni enobukhulu obukhulu. Izimbali ezizodwa zingalahleka engadini, kodwa ezitsheni ezinemibala emibala eminingi zikuvumela ukuthi udale ukwakheka okuthokozisayo kuphela kusuka ku-sparaxis.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi Ekupheleni kwehlobo kuzonyamalala ngokuphelele futhi uzodinga ukugcwalisa i-void nezinye izitshalo. Ubona kahle umakhelwane we-thyme, i-phlox, tigridia, i-stonecrop. Ihlangana ngempumelelo notshani obunotshani kanye nezitshalo eziluhlaza okotshani. Kulokhu, umphumela wotshani wemvelo uyakhiwa.
Izinhlobo ezixubekile zikulungele ukutshala ezimbizeni ukuhlobisa ithala noma i-balcony. Izimbali ezikhanyayo nazo zitshalwa ezivandeni zamadwala noma zihlotshiswe ngezihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza nezihlahla ezimfushane.
