I-Achimenes iyi-herbaceous perennial ehlala emahlathini aqhakaza ashisayo aseNingizimu naseMelika Ephakathi. Ungowomndeni wakwaGesneriaceae. Isihlahla esiphansi esiphakeme simbozwe ngamaqabunga ahlanganisiwe, futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, phakathi kokuluhlaza okuhlaza okotshani, okuningi kukhulu, okufana negramophone, ukuqhakaza kwemibala egcwele. Ukugcwala imifino ethokoziswe ubuhle obumangalisayo, imithetho yokunakekelwa kwe-Achimenes kufanele ilandelwe ngokucophelela.
Incazelo yezitshalo
U-Ahimenez uyindidane e-herbaceous eneziqu ezinamanzi. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo esidala kuvame ukungabi ngaphezu kwama-30 cm. Isigqi esingajwayelekile esinamaqhuqhuva ama-oblong (ama-rhizomes), ambozwe ngesikali esincane, akhula ngaphansi komhlaba. Iziqu ezithambile, ezinamagatsha anamanzi zikhula ngenhla komhlaba. Ekuqaleni zikhula zibheke phezulu, kepha kamuva ziya ngokuthanda. Ingaphezulu lamahlumela limbozwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani noma obomvu.
Iziqu zimbozwe ngamaqabunga we-petiole angavamile. Ngaphezulu, ishidi elibushelelezi nelicwebezelayo lingapendwe luhlaza okotshani, opinki noma onsomi. Emuva kukhona ama-villi amafushane. Amahlamvu enomzimba obumbekile onezinhlangothi ezicijisiwe kanye nomphetho okhomba. Ukukhululeka kwemithambo kubonakala kahle.
Ekupheleni kukaMeyi, kuvela izimbali eziningi esihlahleni. I-corolla ngayinye ineshubhu ende emincane futhi engu-5 egobile ngokuqinile, ihlukaniswe eceleni kwemiphetho yamaphayini. Ama-buds atholakala ngawodwa kuma-axils amaqabunga. Ububanzi bentyatyambo bungama-3-6 cm. Umbala wamaphalishi mhlophe, uphuzi, upinki, onsomi, ubomvu. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Ekhaya, ama-achimenes angaqhuma kabili.
Umjikelezo wempilo
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho isilinganiso sokushisa sansuku zonke sikhuphuka kanye namahora okukhanya kosuku enyuka, amahlumela amancane aqhamukayo kwi-rhizome. Bakhula ngokushesha ngosayizi. NgoMeyi, ukuqhakaza kwezimbali sekuvele ukubonakala futhi ukuqhakaza sekuqala ukwakha. Izimbali ziyaqhakaza ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa okuningi, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kanye nomanyolo ojwayelekile.
Ekwindla yokuqala, izimbali ziqala kancane kancane ukukhula kwe amahlumela kunciphe. Maphakathi no-Okthoba, amaqabunga ayaguquka abe nsundu futhi aqhekeke. Amahlumela nawo omile nawo. Ngokubusika, kusele ama-rhizomes kuphela. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, lesi sitshalo singagcinwa endaweni emnyama epholile. Inhlabathi kwesinye isikhathi inomswakama izingxenye ezithile zamanzi eceleni komphetho webhodwe.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-Achimenes
Uhlobo lwe-Achimenes lunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50 nezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa. Ingxenye encane yazo itholakala ezitolo zezimbali. Ukwethenjiswa okukhulu kakhulu kuvezwa ezitolo eziku-inthanethi, ngakho abatshali bezimbali bancamela ukuthenga i-ahimenez online, batadisha izithombe kukhathalogi. Kuwo wonke umehluko, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zibhekwa njengezijabulisa kakhulu.
Izimbali ezinde ze-Ahimenes. Lesi sitshalo sakha isihlahla esivuthayo esingama-cm angama-30 ukuphakama. Ukuqamba amanga, igatsha le-pubescent liba buthaka. Zimbozwe ngamagquma amaqabunga ama-oblong noma ama-lanceolate. Ubude beqabunga buba ngu-9 cm. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, ezinkulu (kufika ku-6.5 cm ubude) izimbali eziqhakaza okwesibhakabhaka ziyaqhakaza kuma-Achimenes. Izinhlobo ezidumile:
- I-Chiapas - amacembe apendwe ngombala onsomi;
I-Chiapas - IJuaregia - ibala elinsomi likhona phansi kwensimbi emhlophe.
Ahimenez Juaregia
U-Ahimenez unezihlakala. Isitshalo sinesimo sezimbali. Imiphetho ye-wavy yama-petals ifana ne-fringe eyi-lush. Umbala uphethwe yimithunzi epinki noma emhlophe.
Ama-Achimenes hybrid. Okunhlobonhlobo ngokuqhakaza okugcwele okuvela ngezimbali nobude obuphakathi. Abamele abatholwe bewela i-interspecific. Izinhlobo ezidumile:
- I-Ambroise Verchaffelt - emaphondweni amhlophe ziyimithambo emisebeni emincane;
Ahimenez Ambroise Verchaffelt - I-rose Pink - izimbali ezinemibala epinki egcwele;
Ahimenez Rose Pink - Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - izimbali ezincane eziluhlaza okotshani;
Ahimenez Blue - Ubuhle be-Yellow - izimbali ze-tubular ezine-pharynx ejulile zipendwe ngombala ophuzi noma we-terracotta.
Ubuhle be-Ahimenez Yellow
I-Ahimenez inezimbali ezinkulu. Lolu hlobo lukhulu kunazo zonke. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kufinyelela ku-60 cm. Amaqabunga amakhulu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka afakwa ngaphakathi kozimele bamaqabunga wezimbali ezinobubanzi obungaba ngu-6 cm kanye neshubhu ubude obufika ku-10 cm. Izimbali zakhiwa kuma axils amaqabunga kulo lonke ubude besiqu, zinombala obomvu.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ukusatshalaliswa kwama-achimenes ngendlela yezitshalo kuyinto elula kunazo zonke. Iphinde ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine izinhlobo nezinhlobo zezitshalo. I-tuber ngayinye ngonyaka inika izingane ezi-3-5 ezingaba izitshalo ezizimele. Entwasahlobo yokuqala, ngaphambi kokuba kwakheke amahlumela, ama-Achimenes rhizomes akhiwa emhlabathini futhi atshalwe emabhodweni amancane ahlukile. Uma udinga ukuthola izitshalo eziningi, ungasika i-rhizome ngayinye ibe izingxenye ezi-2. Faka ukusika okufafazwe ngamalahle ochotshoziwe.
NgoMeyi-Juni, ama-Achimenes angandiswa ngokusikwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sika amahlumela amasha ama-8-12 cm ubude ngama-1-2 internode. Zigxilile esitsheni samanzi. Kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe uketshezi njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-1-2. Lapho kuvela izimpande ezincane, lesi sitshalo sitshalwa enhlabathini evundile. Ngokushesha ungasusa usika emhlabathini, kodwa-ke ngezinsuku ezingama-7-10, izithombo zigcinwa ngaphansi kwesiqu.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu kungukuchitha isikhathi sonke. NgoMashi, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngaphandle kokulungiselela kokuqala esitsheni esinengxube ye-sand-peat. Inhlabathi ifafazwa ngamanzi futhi imbozwe ifilimu. Gcina i-greenhouse ekushiseni okungu-+ 22 ... +24 ° C. Amahlumela avela ezinsukwini eziyi-12-16. Ngokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga amabili angempela, izithombo zingena ezimbizeni ezihlukene.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo
Ukufakwa kwe-Achimenes kunconywa minyaka yonke. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, ama-rhizomes awumbiwa, kodwa agcinwa enhlabathini endala. NgoFebhuwari, ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhula okusebenzayo, bayasuswa futhi babekwe ezweni elisha. Embizeni entsha, amatshe amatshe, izingqimba zobumba ezandisiwe noma izingcezu zezitini zibekwa phansi. Inhlabathi yakhiwe:
- inhlabathi eshidi (izingxenye ezi-3);
- inhlabathi eyisodada (izingxenye ezi-2);
- isihlabathi somfula (1 ingxenye).
Okokuqala, umhlaba uthululelwa ebhodweni ngo-2/3 wokuphakama, bese ama-rhizomes ebekwa ngokuqondile. I-5-10 mm yomhlaba ifafazwa ngaphezulu kwabo futhi iniswe ngobumnene. Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwamahlumela amancane, kubalulekile ukumboza amabhodwe ngefilimu noma ingilazi.
Imithetho Yokunakekela
Ama-Achimenes ekhaya adinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela. Isitshalo sithanda ukukhanya okukhanya okugqamile. Izimbiza zingafakwa emafasiteleni asempumalanga noma asentshonalanga, kanye nasekujuleni kwekamelo eliseningizimu. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga, iziqu zinobude obukhulu futhi zivezwe, noma kunjalo, ubhekilanga nawo awufiseleki.
Ukushisa komoya okuphezulu kungo + 22 ... +25 ° C. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma okusebenzayo, akufanele kwehle ngaphansi kuka +20 ° C, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizoqala ukulimala. Kuyasiza ukuthatha ama-Achimenes aye engadini noma kuvulandi ehlobo. Bazama ukuhlinzeka ngezimo ezinzile. Amabhasi awakubekezeleli okupholile ebusuku nobusuku. Ngesikhathi sokulala, ama-rhizomes angagcinwa ku + 10 ... +15 ° C.
Ezitshalweni ezishisayo, umswakama omningi ubalulekile, noma kunjalo, ukufafaza amaqabunga e-pubescent akukufanele. Ungabeka izimbali eduze kwama-aquariums, imithombo noma izihlambi zemvelo. Esikhathini sazo, sebenzisa i-tray ngamatshe amnyama kanye nobumba olunwetshiwe.
Ama-Achimenes kufanele aphuziswe kaningi. Akubekezeleli ukoma ngokweqile kwenhlabathi. Ebusika, inhlabathi ithambisa kuphela umswakama eduze kwezindonga zembiza. Kwanele ukuthulula izipuni ezingama-2-3 koketshezi ofudumele kanye ngesonto. Kusukela entwasahlobo, ukuthambisa kukhula kancane kancane. Amanzi amaningi kufanele ashiye ibhodwe ngokukhululeka. Ehlobo lonke izwe liniselwa kakhulu ngamanzi afudumele futhi athambile. Ekwindla, ukuthambisa kuyancipha kancane kancane.
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Mashi kuya maphakathi no-Septhemba, ama-Achimenes kufanele avundiswe kabili ngenyanga. Sebenzisa izakhiwo zamaminerali zezimbali zezimbali zasendlini.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ngokuchelela ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi egumbini elibandayo, izifo zokukhunta zikhula ezimpandeni nakumahlumela. Kukhona ithuba lokusindisa imbali. Kuyadingeka ukususa izingcezwana ezilimele, phatha wonke amanye umqhele nangomhlaba nge-fung fung bese ubuyekeza imibandela yokuboshwa.
Ngokuvamile ama-aphid, ama-mealybugs kanye nezindawo zesicabucabu zihlala eluhlaza okotshani. Njengoba kungathandeki ukugeza imbali, iphathwa ngama-insecticides avela kuma-parasites.
