I-Clusia - izihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza ezihlala ziluhlaza nezihlahlana ezikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishubile zaseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika. Izivakashi zithanda ukushiya okubhaliwe emaqabunga e-clusia, ngokuzayo ziyahlushwa futhi zigcinwe isikhathi eside. Emakhaya, i-clusius yakha izihlahla ngamamitha ambalwa ukuphakama, futhi emithambekeni yethu kunezinhlobo ezinkulu nezincane zokutshala i-bonsai. Lesi sitshalo sithokozela ngokuluhlaza okuhlaza okotshani, izimbali ezinhle nezinkanyezi ezinhle zezithelo.
Incazelo
Ibizwe ngemuva kososayensi waseDashi uCarlus Clusius, uClusius ngumndeni wakwaClusi ohlukile. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, kukhona amahlumela akhula emhlabathini namafomu we-epiphytic. Uhlelo lwezimpande lunomlingiswa ohlotshisiwe, izimpande eziphambili kancane kancane ziba ngamapulangwe futhi zithathe indawo enkulu ngaphansi komhlabathi. Izitshalo ezintsha zingakheka kusuka ezimpandeni ezihluma.
Igatsha liqhuma ngokuqinile kusuka kusisekelo nakuwo wonke ubude. Lesi sitshalo sinehlumela elincane eliluhlaza okotshani, elimbozwa kancane kancane ngamagxolo ansundu. Ijusi ye-Clusia milky kade isetshenziselwa izinhloso ezahlukahlukene. Wasebenzela ukuqinisa izingxenye zokwakha umkhumbi, futhi wasiza nokukhipha ummbila nezinye izifo.
Amacembe amnyama anesikhumba ane-petiole emfushane futhi atholakala ezihlahleni futhi. Ingaphezulu lepuleti lamaqabunga libushelelezi, luhlaza okotshani. Amaqabunga anomumo obumbekile noma we-lanceolate onqenqemeni oluqinile nesiphelo esikhombe. Ubude beqabunga ngalinye bungasuka ku-8 kuye ku-20 cm, futhi ububanzi bube cm 5-8. Kutholakala izinhlobonhlobo ezinamahlamvu amancane.
I-Clusia imbali iyathakazelisa, amacembe ayo acinene kancane futhi kungathi ambozwe ngumbala we-waxy. Emvelweni yemvelo, ukuqhakaza kuyaqhubeka unyaka wonke. I-buds ivulwa ebusuku bese igoqa ekuseni. Isihlahla ngasinye siqukethe amacembe azungezwe angama-4-9, apendwe mhlophe ngamabala apinki noma aphuzi. Ububanzi bembali ngayinye buyi-4-5 cm.
Ngemuva kokuvunda, izithelo ziyavuthwa esikhundleni se-bud. Lapho ivaliwe, ifana nebhokisi eliyindilinga le-poppy elimbozwe ngesikhumba esiluhlaza esikhanyayo. Ububanzi bezithelo bungamasentimitha ayi-5-8. Lapho uvuthwa, isikhumba siba nsundu, bese isithelo sivuleka ngesimo senkanyezi. Ngaphakathi, i-pulp ebomvu nembewu eningi iyatholakala. Izithelo ze-clot azikwazi ukungeneki, ujusi oxhumene nesikhumba ungadala ukucasuka.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo
Umndeni unezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-150, kepha azikho izingxabano eziningi ezingagcinwa ekhaya.
I-Clusia pink (rosea) - Uhlobo oluthandwa kakhulu. Lesi isihlahla eside noma isihlahla esiphansi esinezimpande eziqinile namahlamvu anamandla. Amaqabunga enyama atholakala kuma-petioles afushane futhi anomumo oyindilinga noma we-rhomboid. Ubude obukhulu nobubanzi bamahlamvu buyi-20 cm. Umbala wamapuleti eshidi uqinile, uluhlaza omnyama. Lapho iziqu ezincane zonakaliswa, kwakhiwa ujusi onsundu obuluhlaza okotshani, okuthi lapho omiswe, ube sobala. Izimbali ezizodwa ziyavela amahlumela amasha apical. Amacembe awo apendwe mhlophe noma apinki, kanti umnyombo unombala ophuzi ophuzi. Ububanzi bembali ngayinye buyi-8 cm.
Clusius lanceolate yakha isihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi noma isihlahla esincane esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-3. ubude bamaqabunga ama-lanceolate anesikhumba angama-7-8 cm.Imbali ngalinye liqukethe amacembe ayisiyingi angama-4-8 futhi afinyelela ububanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-5. gcina umbala omhlophe.
UClusius mkhulu yakha izihlahlana ezinkulu ezifika ku-3 m ukuphakama futhi zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,21. Amaqabunga ama-oval noma ama-obovate angama-8-18 cm ubude anamathiselwe esiqwini ngamaphethini amafushane, amnyama. Izimbali kumahlumela amasha ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence amancane ezincezu ezingama-3-5. Ububanzi bendawo ngayinye emhlophe noma ekhilimu ngu-5-8 cm.
Ukuzala
I-Clusia isatshalaliswa kahle kakhulu ngokushelela, kusetshenziswa ukubekwa kwezimpande kanye nengcambu ye-cutic apical. Isiqu esihlanganisiwe esingaba ngu-15-20 cm ubude simile emanzini noma enhlabathini enomswakama yesihlabathi. Kunconywa ukuphatha isisekelo sabo ngesisombululo esivusayo (izimpande, i-heteroauxin). Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezimpawu, lesi sitshalo sidinga igumbi elinomoya ofudumele futhi omanzi. Kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kune- + 25 ° C. Ukubamba imbala kungahlala cishe inyanga.
Izimpande zasemoyeni zenziwa kanye nalo lonke ubude lweziqu zomuntu omdala. Bakhonza ukuthola izakhamzimba emoyeni bajoyine ezinye izihlahla. Lapho uthintana negxolo noma inhlabathi evundile, izimpande zefilatera ziqala ukukhula futhi zithole isakhiwo esimdonsayo. Ngemuva kokukhula kwe-rhizome, unganquma ihlumela bese ufaka ebhodweni elihlukile.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu kukhathaza kakhulu futhi akuphumeleli. Imbewu isheshe ilahlekelwe ukuqhuma kwayo, ngakho-ke ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngokushesha emva kokuqoqwa kwengxube emanzi y peat nesihlabathi. Isitshalo sidinga ukugcina izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lomhlabathi kanye nomswakama womoya. Isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu futhi sishiywe endaweni ekhanyayo. Esikhathini esingamaviki angama-4-6, kuvela amahlumela angavamile. Zenziwa zansuku zonke, kepha zigcinwa ngaphansi kwefilimu kuze kube kuvela amaqabunga ama-4 wangempela futhi kuphela lapho zijwayele ngokucophelela imvelo yemvelo.
Ukunakekelwa kwezingubo
Ukunakekela i-clusia ekhaya kwakungekho nzima kakhulu, udinga ukukhetha ngokushesha indawo efanelekile. Kungcono ukuthola i-clusia entwasahlobo, khona-ke inqubo yokuhamba, ukufakelwa kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo izodlula icishe ifane. Ngokutshala, khetha inhlabathi evundile elula. Ungasebenzisa ingxube yezakhi ezilandelayo:
- i-vermiculitis;
- isihlabathi;
- Peat;
- inhlabathi yamaqabunga;
- inhlabathi enobumbeko.
Phansi kwetangi kwakubeka ungqimba lwamanzi. Imbiza ikhethwe ngosayizi noma ngomugqa omncane. Ukufakelwa ngakunye kuyingcindezi enkulu kuClusia, ngakho-ke le nqubo ngokuvamile ayinconywa. Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa indlela yokudlulisela ngenkathi ulondoloze ukoma oludala lobumba.
UClusius udinga ukukhanya kwemini ende nokukhanya okugqamile. Kungcono ukuyibeka kude kude nefasitela noma ukusebenzisa izinhlamvu zewindows ezisentshonalanga nezisempumalanga. Ebusika, ukukhanya kwesibani kunconyiwe. Isihlahla sidinga ukushisa komoya okuhlala kungu-20 ... + 25 ° C. Ehlobo, lapho kungekho okupholile ebusuku, kunconywa ukuthatha amabhodwe asemgwaqweni. Khetha izindawo ngaphandle kokusalungiswa.
I-Clusia ithanda umoya omanzi futhi ibona kahle ukufafaza ngamanzi afudumele, axazululiwe. Nisela isitshalo kaningi, kepha ngezingxenye ezincane. Ukomisa kwengxenye ephezulu yenhlabathi kuvunyelwe, kepha ukushuba komswakama akwamukeleki.
Ukusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba, ama-clusia adinga umanyolo. Ungasebenzisa ukugqoka kwamaminerali kwendawo yonke. Isitshalo esinempilo sidinga kuphela ingxenye yomthamo womanyolo owengezelwe emanzini wokunisela. Ebusika, asikho isidingo sokufaka umquba esihlahleni, ukuchelela nakho kuncishisiwe.
Entwasahlobo, kunconywa ukusika amagatsha omisiwe bese ucindezela amathiphu we amahlumela. Ukuthena ngokulinganisela kulula ukuthwala futhi kukuvumela ukuba wakhe umqhele omuhle.
Ubunzima obungahle bube khona
I-Clusia imelana nezinambuzane nezifo eziningi. Izinkinga ezinkulu zihlobene nokunakekelwa okungafanele. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, amaqabunga e-clusia aphenduka aphuzi futhi awe. Ukulungisa isimo kuzosiza ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe.
Ngokuchelela ngokweqile, amafomu amhlophe wokufaka isikhunta ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi. Ingasakazekela ezimpandeni ngamahlumela omhlaba futhi iholele ukubola kwesitshalo. Inhlabathi kumele yomiswe njalo futhi ikhululwe, futhi izindawo ezilimele zisuswe ngokuphelele.
Isimo sezulu esishisayo nesomile, ukugoba kungakhombisa ukulandwa kwesigcawu, is scutellum, noma i-mealybug. Ukulawula izinambuzane, kungcono ukusebenzisa izinambuzane ngokushesha.
