Ngokuvamile phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo kanye nabalimi abanezimboni ezinkulu zasemakhaya, umbuzo uphakamisa ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani leli zwe ngokulinganisa.
Kungumqondo omuhle ukutshala izinkukhu ze-broiler ekamelweni elakhelwe ngokukhethekile emibhedeni ejulile, noma emakamelweni ahlomile ngokukhethekile.
Akufanelekile ukukhuluma ngezinzuzo zezinkukhu ze-broiler ngaphezu kwezinkukhu ezijwayelekile.
Lokhu kuboniswa yizinombolo kanye nezibalo ezilula: inkukhu evamile iyatshalwa izinsuku ezingu-50 futhi ifinyelela isisindo esingamakhilogremu ayisishiyagalombili kuphela, kanti inkukhu ye-broiler ekupheleni kwenkathi efanayo inikeza inyama eyodwa nengxenye, noma amakhilogremu angaphezu kwamakhilogremu amathenda, enomsoco.
I-Broilers ibonakala njengezinhlobo zezinkukhu ngenxa yemifono yamafama aseNgilandi naseMelika njengenhlobo yenkukhu eyimfucumfucu. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinkukhu ze-broiler.
Ungathenga lezi zinkukhu kumapulazi ezinkukhu noma kubathengisi abazimele emakethe. Ungathenga kanjani izinkukhu nokuthi ungabanakekela kanjani?
Ungathenga kanjani izinkukhu ze-broiler?
Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, thenga izinkukhu zokuzala ezinkukhuleni zezinkukhu. Ngakho uzozisindisa ekukhohliseni, ngoba izimo ezinhle ze-sanitary zenzelwe izinkukhu ezivela kubakhiqizi abakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inani lakho labakwa-broiler ngeke lifa kunoma yimuphi indodana noma izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Futhi ungathenga izinkukhu kubantu abazimele, lapha unethuba lokuphenya ngokucophelela ukuthi usayithengi.
Ama-broilers for divorce avame ukuthengwa ngesikhathi sokuqala kwezinsuku eziyishumi kusukela ekuzalweni kwabo.
Uma ukhetha inkukhu, qinisekisa ukuthi ivulekile, inamandla, inamehlo aqhakazile.. Unganikeli izintuthwane ezingenasiphelo, ezinamahloni ezinobuthi obubi. Futhi qaphela ukuthi ungasiphuzi umthambo we-umbilical.
Okhulile inkukhu, kuyodala kakhulu, ngoba lokhu kwandisa amathuba okutshala kahle kwe-broiler.
Ukondla izinkukhu ekhaya kudinga ulwazi oluthile hhayi nje ngezinkukhu ngokwazo, kodwa futhi mayelana nokudla.Ukuze ufunde ubuqili bezinkukhu ezikhulayo, kwanele ukufunda lesi sihloko.
Futhi kulabo abalimi abanomdlavuza, umbuzo wangempela wukuthi izinkukhu eziningi ziqale ukuthenga kanjani. Okokuqala, qhubekela phambili ukuthi ubeke izimali zakho esikhathini esizayo. Khumbula ukuthi ukukhulisa izinkukhu ezinomsoco ezinomsoco kuqukethe ukunciphisa ngamabomu emkhathini nokunyakaza kwamahhala ama-broilers. Ekuqaleni, isibonelo, gcina ama-broilers angu-20 ngomitha wesikwele ngasinye ekhanda lakho, futhi ucabange isikhala sepulazi yakho engaphansi, thenga izinkukhu.
Izimo zokuboshwa
Kubalimi nabalimi, ngepulazi, kunokukhetha okuhle ukuthi yiziphi izimo zokutshala izinkukhu ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, ngingathanda ukucabangela ezinye zezindlela ezivame kakhulu ngisho nezindlela zokuqala. Lokhu ukukhuliswa kwezinkukhu emibhedeni ejulile kanye namakheji.
Ekuqaleni, noma yisiphi isikhulu sebhizinisi kumele senze izimo ze-broilers ukuze izinkukhu zithole ukukhanya okwanele, zihlale ekamelweni elihle futhi zibe nendawo encane kakhulu ukuze izinkukhu zithole isisindo ngokushesha.
Ukulala okujulile
Ngalokhu udinga ukuhlomisa indlu. Kufanele kube kahle umoya, umoya omuhle, noma kunjalo, ukugcina ukushisa. Kunconywa ukwenza phansi kungabi namanzi. Sondela indlu kusengaphambili kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamagundane.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthululela imfucumfucu emgodini oguqulwe ngaphambili, emanzini avela emhlanjeni, ochotshoziwe ama-cobs we-corn and peat. Yonke le nto kufanele ifakwe ngokuphelele, futhi ngenxa yalokhu ivunwa ezinyangeni zasehlobo futhi kakade ekwindla noma kwezinye izinkathi zonyaka, lapho uhlela ukubandakanya ukuhlukaniswa kwezinkukhu, ugobele ibhola elimnyama.
Ngaphezu kwalokho ubeka isitsha sokudla kanye nesitsha sokuphuza. Esikhathini sokuphuza kufanele kube ngamanzi abandayo (emisha yamapulazi aseMelika), noma asheshe afudumele.
Manje udinga ukucabanga ukuthi yiziphi izimo ozodinga ukuzenza endlini. Ekuqaleni, cabanga ngokuhambisa umoya. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukuthuthukiswa okuhle kwama-broilers umswakama kufanele okungenani kube ngu-60%. Umoya omswakama uzobangela zonke izinhlobo zokutheleleka ezinkukhu, futhi umswakama ngokweqile uzobangela isifo sokuphefumula.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi umswakama okuningi uzovela futhi ngokuphuza izitsha. Umoya kufanele ube nomswakama ngokulinganisela futhi uhlanzeke ngokwemvelo.
Ukushisa endlini ngesikhathi sokuphila kwezinkukhu kufanele kube okuhlukile. Ngaphambi kokuthenga ama-broilers, setha izinga lokushisa kuma-degree angu-25. Kakade ngaphambi kokubeka izinkukhu endlini, funga phambi kwesibani, okuyinto ezoba ngumthombo oyinhloko wokushisa, izingxube ezinzima zephepha ne-sawdust, okuzobe kube ukulala kwakho okujulile. Ukushisa ngaphansi kwesibani kufanele kube phakathi kuka-15 no-30 degrees.
Ukushisa okuthile kungafinyelelwa ngosizo lwezibani ezikhethekile noma ama-heaters. Shiya omunye umthunzi endlini ukuze izinkukhu zilale khona. Ngosuku lokuqala lokukhuphula ama-broilers, amahora okukhanya kwelanga kufanele abe ngamahora angu-24. Ngosuku lwe-10 lokukhula kwezinkukhu, kufanele lunikezwe ukushisa okukhulu nokukhanya, okushintshana amahora amabili. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukwenza lokhu, ngesinye sezizathu, bese ukhawulela amahora okukhanya ngezinkukhu zakho kumahora angu-16.
Ngakho Izinkukhu ezinamaviki amabili kufanele zigcinwe ekushiseni kwama-degrees angu-30, izinkukhu ezintathu zezinkukhu ezincishiswe ngama-degrees amahlanu, nezinkukhu ozikhulayo cishe inyanga, zakha izinga lokushisa elingama-20 degree.
Lapho izinkukhu zifinyelela ezinsukwini ezingamashumi amabili ubudala, ukukhanya kuyanciphisa kabili. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ekuqaleni kudingekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinzalo zezinkukhu kanye nama-roost bese udala izimo zokukhula kwazo emapenjini ahlukene.
Ngosuku lweshumi, ungakwazi ukususa ucingo oluzungeze isibani noma indawo yokushisa, ugcwalise ukondla okuphakelayo, ushise iphepha. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezinyoni, ukuphakama kwe-feeder kufanele kuphakame.
Phakathi nokukhula konke kwama-broilers kudingekile ukuqapha ukuziphatha kwabo, uma izinkukhu zisakaza imifino yazo futhi zisakaze amaphiko azo, i-degree kufanele ihliswe. Uma zibutha izinqwaba futhi ziboshwe amabhola kuyadingeka ukuphakamisa isimo sokushisa.
Amaseli
Emapulazini omakhaya kungaba kuhle ukuzakhela izinyoni zezinyoni. Zifakwe ema-tiers amaningana (njengombuso, amabili noma amathathu amathathu) ukuze ulondoloze isikhala. Ngakho uzogcina ngokukhululekile ekuthengeni nasekufakweni kombhede ojulile. Kulesi simo, akudingeki neze. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe ezinqolobaneni kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okugula kwabantu.
Ekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukubeka izinkukhu ezingu-10 emgodini ngesakhiwo sesigamu semitha yesikwele futhi ungabasusi kusukela lapho kuze kube sekupheleni kwamafutha (izinsuku ezingu-50-60).
Ukushisa kunqunywa ngokuya kwezinkukhu futhi kugcinwa ngokucophelela, ngoba izinkukhu ezisendlini zivinjelwe ekuhambeni futhi azikwazi ukukhetha indawo ekhululekile kubo. Inkukhu eneminyaka engu-50 ubudala idinga ukushisa kwama-degrees angaba ngu-20 kuphela.
Endabeni yezinkukhu ezikhulayo emakamelweni ekupheleni kwezinkukhu ezinamafutha zifinyelela ku-1.4 kg ngokufika kwamakhanda angama-35-36 ngamamitha ayi-square, ama-roosters-1.6 kg ngenqwaba yamakhanda angu-30.
Ukudla
Izinkukhu ze-broiler zisatshalaliswa ngokweminyaka yobudala. Inkukhu eneminyaka engu-1-5 ubudala inikezwa ukudla okukhethekile okunesimungulu kahle emanzini futhi iyangena ngokuphawulekayo yi-ventricle yenyoni.
Uma kungekho ukudla okunjalo, okufanelekile ukuzama ukunikeza iqanda elibilisiwe. Ukwakhiwa kokudla kwezinkukhu ezinsuku ezinhlanu kumele kufaka ukolweni, ummbila, ibhali, ubisi lwe-powder. Kusukela ngosuku lwesihlanu kuya enyangeni silungiselela isamba esikhulu sezinyoni. Kuzoba nokolweni, ummbila, inhlanzi kanye nesikwa sotshani, imvubelo yefolda, i-calcium yokukhula kwethambo (ngokoqobo 1% kokuhlanganiswa okwenziwe), amafutha e-fodder kanye nobisi powder.
Phakathi nokukhulisa izinkukhu, okungukuthi, ngosuku lwamashumi amathathu, ukudla okuhambisanayo kufanele kususwe ekwakheni ubisi. Kodwa ungangeza ekudleni okunhlobonhlobo kwemfucuza yasendlini: iziqu zemifino, imifino ebilisiwe, isinkwa esomisiwe, futhi esikhundleni se-calcium, ama-eggshell asetshisiwe.
I-broiler izinkukhu kufanele zinikezwe amaprotheni. Kuyoba mnandi uma ungeza kokuphakelayo okuyinhloko ubisi omuncu, amasondo noma ubisi. Futhi ngosuku lweshumi nanye, ungondla inhlanzi yenhlanzi yezinyoni, 6 amagremu ngayinye inkukhu. Ukudla okuluhlaza kunikezwa ku-3-5 amagremu ngezikhathi ezahlukene zempilo yomdayisi. Ukudla kwale nyoni kuyinto isanqante, ungayifaka enkukhu yansuku eziyisikhombisa.
Uhlobo lwezinkukhu ePaduan lubukeka obuhle kakhulu, kanti nenani lemibala ehlukene yokubutha kungajabulisa noma yimuphi umlimi wenkukhu!E-address //selo.guru/ptitsa/kury/porody/myaso-yaichnye/polverara.html incazelo yezinkukhu ze-Polverara.
Amavithamini anganikwa izinkukhu, kusukela ezinsukwini ezinhlanu ubudala. Nika amavithamini A no-E. Unganikeli isanti kuma-broilers. Ukuze ugweme izifo zamathambo ezinkukhu, kufanele ucabange ngokungezwa ngesimo sefu lesifuba, amagobolondo achotshoziwe nakho konke okuqukethe i-calcium. Amavithamini nawo asiza ukuqinisa amathambo.
Ungazama futhi ukunikeza ukudla okukhethekile okukhukhunziwe okwenziwa ezinkukhukukhukhu. Bathengi ngobuningi obanele, futhi akudingeki ukuba ulungiselele ukudla kwekhukhu ekhaya.
Indlela yokugwema izifo zezilwane?
Ukuze zivikele izinkukhu zabo ezifweni eziwumshayabhuqe, kubalulekile ekuqaleni ukudala izimo ezihle zokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwazo. Yakha izimo ezinhle kakhulu ezinkukhu ezinkukhu noma ezinqoleni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukulawula ukukhanyisa, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama. Yiqiniso, enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zempilo yenkukhu ye-broiler ingumsoco wayo.
Ngokuqondene nomswakama womoya, akufanele nanini kukhuliswe. Ayancishiswa. Ngokuqondile ama-60% kumele abe nomoya omanzi endlini noma emgodini. Uma umoya unomswakama kakhulu, le nyoni izobuna.
Ukushisa komoya akufanele kube khona isikhala futhi kubangele ukucasuka kwe-respiratory tract mucous ezinkukhu
Ngokuqondene nokukhanyisa, akufanele kube yinto engathandeki, ukuze inyoni ithole ithuba lokulala. Ungakhohlwa futhi ukuthi ukukhanya okukhulu kakhulu kungaholela ekulumeni kwe-broiler. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalokho, kungase kube nezinye izizathu zokukhala: ukungabi namaprotheni ekudleni, noma emgodini, umswakama kanye namanzi okulahla. Uma ngokuzumayo ukuqala kwenyuka, kufanelekile ukuphuza inkukhu nge-citric acid, ihlanjululwa emanzini.
Izinkukhu zivame ukubhekana nezinkinga nge-gastric tract, ngoba lokhu kufanelekile ukunaka lokho okudliwa yinyoni. Ukugwema lokhu kulula. Izinkukhu ezinamaviki amathathu kumele zinikezwe i-potassium permanganate ehlanjululwe ngamanzi. Nika lesi sombululo njalo ngemva kwamasonto amathathu.
Ekuqaleni, izinkukhu zidinga ukudla okuyisishiyagalombili ngosuku, ekupheleni kokudla sinika ukudla kasikhombisa ngosuku.
Ngokuqondene nalabo abaphuzayo, ukuze ugweme izinkukhu zezinkukhu, kudingeka ugcwalise njalo futhi uzigcine zihlanzekile. Amanzi esiphuza angabanda futhi ashise. Nokho, ungalokothi uphakamise ama-degrees angu-30, ngaphandle kwalokho inyoni izoyeka ukuphuza.
Ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka, abaxhasi nabaphuza bahlanza futhi bahlanzwa nsuku zonke, kanye kanye ngesonto kufanele bahlanzwe nge soda noma isobho. Isonto ngalinye kudingeke ukuthi izinkukhu ezinesisindo zikwazi ukuthola ukuphumelela kokudla.
Izinsuku ezikhulayo
Inketho ekahle kuwe kungaba ukuthenga inkukhu emkhatsini weminyaka eyodwa kuya kwezinsuku eziyishumi bese uyikhuphula kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-50-60. Akusihle kakhulu ukukhula inkukhu emva kosuku lwamashumi ayisithupha, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi inkukhu ithola inqwaba yayo futhi ilungele ukuya ekuhlatshweni. Ukondla izinkukhu okungeziwe kuyobe kungenangqondo, ngoba inyama eneminyaka yobudala ye-broiler ilahlekelwa yikhwalithi.
Izinkukhu ziya ekuhlatshweni zisencane futhi zilethe inyama eningi yezinyoni.
Ngisho no-newbie uzokwazi ukuzala izinkukhu ekhaya - umlimi, izinyoni zine inyama enhle kakhulu futhi zihlanganisa zonke izindleko ngenzuzo enhle. Ungesabi ukuphakamisa izinkukhu ze-broiler, ngoba le nyoni inezinzuzo eziningi kunezinye izinyoni ezifuywayo.
