I-Callistemon isihlahla esivamile esivela emndenini we-Myrtle. Ama-inflorescence awo amangalisayo, ahlanganisa ama-stamens amaningi amade, akha amabhulashi angajwayelekile emaphethelweni amahlumela. Kulokhu, i-callistemon ingahle itholakale ngaphansi kwamagama "Amakhandlela we-Bengal" noma "ama-stamen amaningi." Amabhishi angaphandle alungile kokubili engadini nasezindlini. Ehlobo, bakha amathala noma amabala, bese ebusika bangenise endlini. Akunzima ukunakekela isitshalo, ngakho-ke umlimi wezimbali we-novice angajabulisa yena nge-exoticism eshisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-callistemon idedela ama-phytoncides, avimbela ukusakazeka kwamagciwane emoyeni.
Izici ze-Botanical
I-Callistemon uhlobo lwezihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza nezihlahla. Emvelweni, ukuphakama kwawo kungu-0.5-15 m. Izinhlobo zekhaya zinosayizi onesizotha kakhudlwana. Amagobongo amagatsha avela esisekelweni futhi akha umqhele obukhulu, kepha kunalokho. Izinqubo zangemuva zinamathela kuzo zonke izinkomba. Zimbozwe ngamaqabunga amafushane we-petiolate anendawo enesikhumba nokukhanya okuncane ngemuva. Amapuleti eqabunga leqabunga leLanceolate elinonqenqemeni olukhonjisiwe anamathiselwe amahlumela futhi, akhombisa ngokusobala umthambo ophakathi nendawo. Ingaphezulu lamahlamvu liqukethe izindlala ezincane ezifaka uwoyela obalulekile.
NgoMeyi-Julayi, ama-inflorescences aqhakaza izimbali aqhakaza emaphethelweni amahlumela. Njengezimbali eziningi ze-myrtle, izimbali azinawo amacembe, kepha ziqukethe izixha eziningi zezingcolile ezinde. Imvamisa kakhulu inombala obomvu, kepha kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinama-inflorescence e-orange, aphuzi namhlophe. Ubude be-inflorescence, obufana nebhulashi, bungama-5-12 cm, futhi ububanzi buyi-3-6 cm.
I-Callistemon iphoqelelwa izinyoni ezincane. Emva kwalokho, ekuqaleni kwekwindla, izithelo ziyavuthwa - amabhokisi embewu eyindilinga. Zimbozwe ngegobolondo eliminyene. Kwi-capsule enobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-5-7 kukhona imbewu emincane emdaka.
Izinhlobo ze-Callistemon
Uhlobo lwe-Callistemon luhlanganisa izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingama-37. Okuthandwa kakhulu ezweni lethu i-callistemon kalamula noma i-citrus. Ibizwa ngephunga lokuthi amaqabunga achotshoziwe ayakhipha. Izwe lalezi zinhlobonhlobo yiSoutheast Australia. Isihlahla esidlakadlaka esi-1-3 m ubude simbozwe ngamaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza okotshani wefomu le-lanceolate. Ubude beplate yephepha bungu-3-7 cm nobubanzi buyi-5-8 mm. Izimbali zenzeka ngoJuni-Julayi. Emaphethelweni amahlumela anonyaka owodwa ubudala, ama-inflorescence amnyama we-raspberry-abomvu angama-6-10 cm ubude nokuqhakaza okungama-4-8 cm. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene:
- I-Anzac emhlophe - isihlahla esifinyelela kuma-blooms angama-1.5 m aphezulu ngama-inflorescence amaqhwa amhlophe;
- Iphinda i-pink - izimbali ezipinki ezikhanyayo;
- Amademoni Rowena - izimbali ezibomvu ezinamandla ziyaqhakaza esihlahleni esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5, kancane kancane ziba lula futhi ngesikhathi sokufenda zidwetshelwe emthunzini opinki ophuzi;
- I-Mauve mist - inflorescence ephuzi ehlukile.
I-Callistemon imise okwenduku. Izihlahla ezinobude obungu-4-8 m zingatholakala eNgilandi. Amagatsha embozwe ngamaqabunga aminyene okusaqanda ngesisekelo esiphakeme. Ubude bamahlamvu wesikhumba aminyene buyi-3-7 cm. NgoJuni, ukuqhakaza kwama-inflorescence aminyene angama-4- 10 cm. Ama-stamlet ama-scarlet anama-anthers amnyama, ama-burgundy.
I-Callistemon pine. Isitshalo esakhiwe njenge-shrub esifinyelela ku-3 mm ukuphakama sinamaqabunga amancanyana kakhulu. Ngaphandle, afana nezinaliti. Amacembe aluhlaza aluhlaza okotshani afinyelela ku-3 cm ubude awudluli ku-1.5 mm ububanzi. Amagatsha aqoqwe ngo whorls ekugcineni kwamagatsha amasha. NgoJuni-Julayi, ama-inflorescence angama-cylindrical anemibala ephuzi egolide.
Ukuzala
I-Callistemon isakazwa ngokuhlwanyela imbewu nokusika. Khula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni eziqala ngo-Agasti-Mashi. Imbewu ngaphandle kokulungiselela kokuqala ihlwanyelwa phezu kwesihlabathi esimanzi nomhlabathi we-peat. Mboza isitsha nge-foil, ungene umoya nsuku zonke bese ufafaza umhlabathi njengoba kudingeka. Amahlumela avela kungakapheli inyanga, ngemuva kwalokho kukhishwe ifilimu. Lapho izithombo zikhula amaqabunga amabili angempela, zidonswa ezimbizeni ezincane ezihlukile. Izitshalo zikhula kancane futhi ziyaqhakaza iminyaka engama-5-6.
Indlela elula yokuhlanza i-callistemon ukusikwa. Kuyadingeka ukulinda kuze kube yilapho isithombo sesikhulile sesikhulile kahle futhi siba nezinqubo ezilandelwa kamuva ngo-7 ukuya ku-12 cm. Ingxenye engezansi iphathwa ngama-phytohormones wokuthuthukiswa kwezimpande. Zitshalwe emiphongolweni yesihlabathi noma yesihlabathi kanye nenhlabathi ye-peat. Izithombo zimbozwe nge-cap, kepha zindiza nsuku zonke. Inhlabathi efudumele ingasheshisa ukubamba kwezimpawu. Ezinyangeni ezimbili nje, cishe isigamu sezisikiwe sezimpande.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Akunzima ukunakekela ama-callistemons, lezi izitshalo ezingenakubalwa. Noma kunjalo, badinga ukudala izimo ezithile. I-Callistemon idinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Amahora ambalwa ngosuku, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kufanele kuthinte amahlamvu awo. Ekamelweni elishisayo ehlobo, kungcono ukufihla izihlahla kusuka elangeni lasemini noma uzihambisele umoya omusha. Ebusika, ukukhanya okwengeziwe kungadingeka. Ngokukhanya okuncane kakhulu, ama-buds wezimbali kungenzeka angakheki nhlobo.
Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lonyaka ngu- + 20 ... + 22 ° C. Ekwindla yehliselwa ku + 12 ... + 16 ° C. Uma ama-callistemons evezwa, lapho-ke amazinga okushisa ehla afike ku-5 ° C, sekuyisikhathi sokuletha izitshalo endlini. Ukupholisa ubusika kuyadingeka ekubekeleni imbali izimbali.
I-Callistemon kufanele iniselwe njalo. Njengazo zonke izitshalo ezishisayo, ihlangana kabi nokuma komhlabathi. Amahlumela ngokushesha aqala ukuhamba kancane ekukhuleni futhi abe yize. Awukwazi ukuvumela ukudonswa kwamanzi, ngoba kuholela ekubambeni kwezimpande. Ukunisela thatha amanzi ahlanzwe kahle, okufudumele kancane kunokushisa kwegumbi.
Amaqabunga e-callistemon embozwe ngumbala omncane we-waxy, ngakho-ke aphuma umswakama kancane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akudingekile ukwengeza ngokwenziwe umswakama komoya. Noma kunjalo, i-callistemon iyaphendula ngokubonga ekufafazeni ngezikhathi ezithile nasekugezelweni. Inqubo kumele yenziwe ngaphambi noma ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali.
Ngo-Ephreli-Septhemba, i-callistemon ipha umanyolo wamaminerali wezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Ukugqokwa okuphezulu kufakwe emanzini kufakwa emhlabathini kabili ngenyanga.
Njengoba isihlahla sakha amahlumela amaningi avela eceleni, kufanele asikwe ukuze akhe umqhele. Izihlahla nazo zinomthelela wokuqhakaza nokuqhakaza kwezimbali esikhathini esizayo. Kwenziwa lapho isitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-50-60 cm. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu ukuphela kwehlobo, masinyane ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
I-Callistemon itshalwa njalo ngeminyaka engu-1-3 entwasahlobo. Sebenzisa amabhodwe aqinile futhi ajulile lapho uhlelo lwezimpande lungakhula ngokukhululeka. Izitshalo zithanda inhlabathi evundile, elula futhi ingathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic reaction. Ingxube yenhlabathi kufanele ibe nenhlabathi ye-turf, inhlabathi yamaqabunga, i-peat nesihlabathi. Ungathenga futhi indawo yonke yezimbali zasendlini esitolo. Oshayamakhanda odaka noma ubumba olwandisiwe ngaphambili lwalubekwa ezansi kwembiza ukuhambisa amanzi. Lapho ukufakelwa kusuka ezimpandeni, okungenani uhhafu we-coma yakudala yobumba kufanele ihlanzwe.
I-Callistemon ishiya ama-phytoncides e-secrete, avimbela ukukhula kokhula ngaphansi kwesitshalo, kanye nokuhlaselwa amagciwane. Yizinambuzane ezimbalwa kuphela ezingamelana nazo. Okuvame kakhulu yizinambuzane ezilinganayo nezindawo zesigcawu. Amathuba wokuhlaselwa kwawo anda ngezinsuku ezishisayo, ngakho-ke, kuyasiza ukufafaza amaqabunga ngamanzi angenalutho. Uma amahlumela namaqabunga embozwe ngenetha elincanyana, futhi kukhona nama-cobwebs namagcweti amhlophe athambile, awukwazi ukukwenza ngaphandle kosizo lwesinambuzane.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-callistemon
Amabhushi we-callistemon aqhakazile azovuselela ingaphakathi lekamelo futhi ahlobise ingadi yasehlobo. Amafutha abalulekile akhipha amaqabunga, ahlanze umoya, futhi anikele ekuphilisweni kwemizi. Zinezakhiwo ze-bactericidal.
Abanye abalimi baphikisana nokuthi ukuba khona kwe-callistemon endlini kukhulisa ukuzethemba komnikazi futhi kufaka isandla kubulukhuni besimilo sakhe. Lesi sitshalo simane nje sidingeka kubantu abangazethembi nabangabazayo.
