I-Corydalis isitshalo esikhulu se-herbaceous esivela emndenini we-poppy. Kutholakala yonke indawo eNyakatho Nenkabazwe, kusuka kwesimo sezulu esishisayo kuya enyakatho. Isitshalo sibonisa ngokuqhakaza okuningi kanye nokuqala kwezimbali. Izihlahla ezinkulu ezinamahlumela amnyama aluhlaza aluhlaza kanye nama-inflorescence amnyama aqhakazile ziyohlobisa ingadi maphakathi nentwasahlobo. Bahlanganisa ngempumelelo umhlaba ongenalutho. Ekunakekeleni, amaCorydalis awathobeki. Ikhula kahle ngaphansi komthunzi wezihlahla nasemaphethelweni welanga. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo sishilo ukuthi sisezokuphulukisa.
Incazelo yeBotanical
I-Corydalis luhlobo oluningi emndenini wePoppy, okuthiwa luqanjwa yiDymyankov subfamily. Izitshalo zasendulo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi zonyaka, izitshalo zinesimo sotshani. Iziqu zawo eziqondile, ezinamanzi zikhula ngo-15- 46 cm cm ukuphakama. I-rhizome enkulu ijulile ngokwanele. Kuqukethe izinqubo ezigqinsiwe lapho ama-thickenings ngendlela yama-tubers oyindilinga noma ama-oval kwesinye isikhathi akha. Baqoqa izakhamzimba ezisiza ama-corydalis ngokushesha ukuba akhule ngemuva kwethayile.
Esisekelweni sesiqu kukhona amaqabunga angama-2-4. Amahlamvu ka-Petiole amnyama aluhlaza aqhakaza aluhlaza ngokufana namaqabunga e-fern. Ihlukaniswe ngama-lobes angunxantathu noma oyindilinga. Isakhiwo ngasinye sinesiqu saso esincanyana.
Kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli, ama-inflorescence angama-cylindrical aqhakaza eziqongweni zamahlumela. Ekuqaleni, ama-efixini agcwele kakhulu, kepha kancane kancane aba ngcono. I-inflorescence iqukethe izimbali ezinde ezi-5-35. Amacembe awo angafakwa ngopende omhlophe, ophuzi, opinki, onsomi kanye onsomi. Ubude be-corolla buyi-15-25 mm. Inamabhulokhethi amakhulu nezincane, izinkomba zamatshe ezicijile. Imbali ngayinye inenhlansi ende; umpe uyaqongelela kuyo, otholakala kuphela yizinambuzane ezine-proboscis ende.
Njengomphumela we-impova ezihlahleni, amabhokisi embewu owomile avele ngokuvuthwa. Ngemuva kwezindonga eziwugqinsi, ezicijile kufihla imbewu emincane ecwebezelayo yombala omnyama. Imbewu ngayinye inokukhula okumhlophe okunamantongomane. Ngenxa yabo, imbewu iyaqoqwa futhi ithathwe amabanga amade yizintuthwane.
Izinhlobo zeCorydalis
Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-320 ezibhalisiwe kuhlobo lweCorydalis. Bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu ngokuya ngezimo ezikhulayo. Isibonelo, kuneCorydalis yasogwadule (ejwayelekile eCentral Asia) noma ehlathini iCorydalis. Kuyinto yokugcina esetshenziswa kakhulu ezingadini ezifuywayo.
I-Corydalis dense (iHider). Ikhula emaphethelweni welanga futhi ngaphansi komqhele okhanyayo wezihlahla eNtshonalanga Yurophu nasengxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia. Izitshalo zisetshenziselwa ukukhula kusuka ku-tuber enobubanzi obungaphansi kuka-15 mm. Ukuphakama kwesiqu kungamasentimitha ayi-10-25. Esisekelweni kunamaqabunga ama-petiolar, amaqabunga angahlakazekile we-cirrus anama-lobern angama-ternary. Maphakathi no-Ephreli, kuqhakaza izimbali ezingama-cylindrical inflorescence. Ngaphansi kwama-ogavate brals oqondile emaceleni afihlekile. I-pink-violet nimbus ayidluli ku-2 cm ubude.
ICorydalis iyize. Izitshalo ezinama-tuberous zitholakala emazweni ase-Asia Minor nase-Europe, emaphethelweni amahlathi abanzi futhi anamaqabunga aqinile. I-perennial ine-tuber enkulu, eyindilinga. Isiqu sifinyelela ku-40 cm ubude kusuka kuso.Ngaphansi kunamaqabunga ama-2 cirrus anama-plated serated. Banesimo esingunxantathu. I-peduncle ende engenalutho igcina nge-cylindrical brashi. Izimbali ezinkulu ezinsomi onsomi ubude zifinyelela ku-25 mm. Ziqukethe ama-broker ama-ovoid kanye nama-petature amancane abanjisiwe. Izimbali ziqala eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ka-Ephreli.
Corydalis Marshall. Izitshalo ezivela eSoutheast Europe ziyaqhakaza izimbali ezintekenteke ezinoshukela. Ukuphakama kwamahlumela kungamasentimitha ayi-15-30. Zimbozwe ngegxolo elibomvu obomvu. Phansi kungamahlamvu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izimbali ziyaqhakaza ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli. Ubude bawo bubalelwa ku-25 mm. AmaCorollas anesikhala esinyene ku-lobe ephezulu.
UCorydalis uyangabaza. Kutholakala emahlathini aqhakazile aseKuril Islands, Sakhalin naseKamchatka. Ibalelwa ku-10-15 cm ubude ibe nenethiwekhi engwevu. Phansi kunamaqabunga amathathu kathathu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Ephreli, ibhulashi elithandekayo elinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka liyavuleka.
Corydalis noble. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo esidala esinamaqanda kungafinyelela ku-80 cm. Phansi kwesiqu kukhona amaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakaze ngokungabonakali. Ama-lobes anonqenqema oluhlanganisiwe we-seranced. Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, izinhlanga zomhlanga ziyaqhakaza. Amacembe apendwe aphuzi, futhi ngaphakathi kwawo kukhona umngcele onsomi onsomi.
Corydalis ophuzi. Kusatshalaliswa engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeYurophu. Isitshalo esidala esinenqwaba yezimbali ezinwabuzelayo ngaphandle kwama-nezilimo eziyizigaxa sakhiwe sisekude ngamamitha ayi-10- 40. Amaqabunga aluhlaza aluhlaza aqoqwa ezansi. Ibhulashi lezimbali lama-blooms aphuzi angama-6-20 aqhakaza ngokushesha emva kweqhwa liyancibilika futhi libe nenkathi ende yezimbali.
Izindlela zokuzala
ICorydalis isatshalaliswa izindlela zezinhlobo zembewu nezitshalo. Ukukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni kuqala ngokushesha emva kokuqoqa kwazo, njengoba impahla yembewu isheshe ilahlekelwe amandla ayo okukhula. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungomisi imbewu eqoqwe. Zingagcinwa ku-moss emanzi noma kutshalwe ngokushesha. Izitshalo zikhiqizwa ezitsheni ezinesihlabathi esimanzi nomhlabathi we-peat. Ngokuvamile ngonyaka wokuqala kwenziwa ama-cotyledons (amaqabunga amancane) kuphela. Emva kwalokhu, izitshalo ziya kuphumula. Iziqukathi zigcinwa endaweni epholile ngokukhanya okuhle. AmaCorydalis azala kahle ngokuzitshala. Kodwa-ke, uma kunezintuthwane eduzane, ezokugcina zingadonsa imbewu zisuse endaweni oyifunayo yokutshala. Izithombo zezimbali zilindelekile eminyakeni emi-3-4.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo zakha amaqhugwane akamuva. Maphakathi nehlobo batshalwe bodwa. Ungase futhi uhlukanise nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu ngamaphoyinti amaningi okukhula ube izingxenye. Basikiwe, bacwilisa engxenyeni ye-carbon eyenziwe yasebenza yaze yafika ekujuleni kuka-6-7 cm. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, kubalulekile ukuthi ungazomi izigaxa, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokuzigaya zifakwa esikhwameni sepulasitiki esiminyene.
Ukuhamba nokunakekela
Ekupheleni kwenkathi yezimbali nezitshalo, zonke iziqu zomhlaba womhlaba weCorydalis ziyafa. Ukuthola izitshalo ngalesi sikhathi akulula, ngoba nezilimo eziyizigaxa zitholakala ekujuleni okukhulu. Ukubhekana nale nkinga, ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kungenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuqhakaza kwezimbali. Kuyadingeka ukonga ngokuphelele igumbi lobumba. Lesi sitshalo sesaba ngokweqile umhlaba nezimpande, futhi futhi sinezimpande ezi-brittle. Noma yimuphi umonakalo uholela ekuguleni nasekufeni kwamaCorydalis.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa atshalwe enhlabathini ngoJuni-Septhemba, emva kwenkathi yokushisa. Ukutshala ukujula kuya ngosayizi wama-tubers. Amancanyana angcwatshwa ngo-5 cm, kanti amakhulu ngamasentimitha ayi-101. AmaCorydalis ancamela inhlabathi evundile, nenenhliziyo evulekile engaphenduki. Inhlabathi eminyene esindayo kakhulu ngesikhathi sokumba ihlanganiswa ne-gravel ne-gravel emihle. Ingatshalwa endaweni evundile enelanga noma ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinamandla. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo, umqhele wenziwa kuphela, ngakho-ke imbali izothola isilinganiso esanele sokukhanya. Kunconywa ukuba ucabange masinyane ngesitaki samanzi, njengoba izimpande zibola kalula.
Ekunakekeleni, amaCorydalis awathobeki. Imvamisa entwasahlobo, phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, ukuncibilika kweqhwa kanye nenani elanele lezulu liwela, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukuthi unisele izimbali. Ngenyanga kaJuni, izithelo ziyavuthwa, kanti ukukhula okugcwele komhlaba sekuqala ukoma. Lapho amaqabunga neziqu sezomile ngokuphelele, ziyanqunywa. Ukwenza lokhu ngaphambili akunconywa, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-tubers ngeke abe nesikhathi sokuqongelela izakhamzimba ezanele.
Izimpande zijulile, ngakho-ke azihlushwa ukunyathelwa, ukushisa kwehlobo nesomiso. Ebusika, ama-corydalis amahlathi abekezelela kalula noma iqhwa elinzima, ngakho-ke awadingi indawo yokukhosela. Kunconywa ukuthi ungawasusi amaqabunga awile ezihlahleni eziseduze. Ukweqa ngokweqile, kuzosebenza njengomanyolo.
Ukuphoqa ngenkani
Izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela zamathebhu we-tuberous ezilungele ukutholakala kwe-distillation nokutshala ebhodweni. Ngokuvamile ngalezi zinhloso kusetshenziswa i-chickpea eminyene. Ama-tubers wesayizi ophakathi atshalwa ezimbizeni ezinomhlabathi wegadi ongatheni. Ingaphezulu le-bulb kufanele libe ekujuleni kwama-5 mm. Masinyane nje ngemuva kokutshala, isitsha sibekwa endaweni emnyama ngeqondo lokushisa lomoya ka -5 ... + 8 ° C. Lapha izitshalo zichitha okungenani amaviki ayi-9.
Kamuva, imbiza idluliselwa egumbini elinokukhanya okukhulu namazinga okushisa komoya + 8 ... + 12 ° C. Nisela imbali ngokucophelela. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izinga lokushisa likhuphukela ku- + 15 ... + 18 ° C. Lapho zonke izimbali namaqabunga ziphela, imbiza iphinde ibekwe endaweni emnyama, epholile. Uma lokhu kungekho endlini, ungasebenzisa isiqandisi. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ayomile ngokuphelele.
Ukusetshenziswa kweCorydalis
ICorydalis isetshenziselwa ukupaka amapaki engadi kanye nezingadi. Ingakhula ezimeni ezingezinhle kakhulu: emithambekweni engasebenzi kahle, phakathi kwezihlahlana nasezihlahleni. Itshalwe emagqumeni ase-Alpine, eduze kwama-curbs, ngaphansi kwezihlahla zensimu naphakathi kwamatshe. Ukutshala kufanele kuguqulwe nezitshalo zakamuva ezifihla inhlabathi engenacala ngokuqala kokumiswa. Omakhelwane abahle kakhulu beCorydalis yimikhosi, izingwenya, ama-snowdrop, ama-hyacinths, ama-tulips.
ICorydalis nayo iyisitshalo esihle kakhulu soju. Ifaka iphunga lezinyosi elimnandi eliheha izinambuzane zokuqala. Amaqabunga amancane acebile nge-ascorbic acid. Zingasetshenziswa ekuphekeni amasaladi, amasobho ne-borscht.
Ukuqokwa ngudokotela
Zonke izinhlobo zeCorydalis ziqukethe inani elikhulu le-alkaloids, kepha i-Corydalis eyize isetshenziswa kakhulu kwezokwelapha. Entwasahlobo bavuna utshani nakuma-tubers ehlobo. Zomile emthunzini futhi zigcinwe ezindwangu noma ezikhwameni zamaphepha unyaka.
Emithini yesintu, i-corydalis isetshenziswa ngenxa ye-alkaloid bulbocapnin. Kuyasiza ukunciphisa ithoni yemisipha, ukulwa ne-catalepsy, kwehlisa ukuhamba kwamathumbu. Ama-Decoctions kanye nezinto ezikhishwe ku-Corydalis asetshenziswa njengama-anesthetizing, ama-antestor kanye nama-antitumor agents. Futhi, lesi sitshalo sinezindawo he hentatic, anti-ukuvuvukala kanye hypnotic.
