ICymbidium isitshalo esihlala sikhona esihlala sihlala njalo sisuka emndenini we-Orchidaceae. Ikhula emahlathini asezintabeni ase-Australia nase-Asia. Ama-cymbidiums asetshalwe isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-2000. EJapan naseChina, izinhlobo eziningi zitshalwa emakhaya nasezingadini ngenxa yezimbali ezinhle ezintekenteke nephunga elimnandi ngokumangazayo. Kuyiqiniso, ukunakekela i-orchid akunakubizwa ngokuthi kulula, kepha ukukufunda kahle akunzima. Imvamisa, abalimi besaba ukutshala kuphela i-orchid yokuqala. Imvamisa, kuvela inkulisa ephelele yezinhlobo zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene ngemuva kwayo.
Incazelo yeBotanical
ICymbidium isitshalo se-epiphytic noma se-lithophytic. Itholakala emigodini nasegatsheni lezihlahla ezinkulu, nasezintanjeni zamatshe endaweni ephakeme ngamakhilomitha ayi-2 ngaphezu kolwandle. Izimpande ze-cymbidium zifana nemicu emhlophe enamanzi, edingeka kakhulu ukulungiswa kunokudla okunempilo. Zikhula kusukela ekugcineni kwama-pseudobulbs oblong. Leli igama lokuqina kwengxenye engezansi yesiqu, lapho kuhlangana khona uketshezi nezakhi zomzimba.
Ama-pseudobulbs ama-Ovoid pseudobulbs 1-16 cm amade impela, anemibala eluhlaza okotshwe ngamahlamvu. Imvamisa izitshalo zixhunyaniswa ngeziqu ezifishane ezivundlile, zakha iqembu eliminyene. Amacembe aluhlaza okhanyayo agqamile ngomphetho noma oyindilinga. Amahlamvu wesikhumba esinobuso obushelelezi ubude bawo bungamasentimitha angama-30-90. I-rosette elilodwa lamaqabunga lihlala iminyaka emithathu, emva kwalokho liyoma lize life, lingene ngamaqabunga amancane.
Ukuqhakaza kwama-cymbidiums kwenzeka kakhulu kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya kuMeyi futhi kuthatha cishe inyanga. Kusuka enkabeni ye-rosette yamaqabunga kukhula isivalo esincane esingenalutho, esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5. Ibhulashi eliqhashayo eliqonde esiqongweni saso, lapho kuqoqwa khona izimbali ezinamakha ayi-5-30 ezinama-wax apholile ezintekenteke. Ubukhulu nokubonakala kwembali kungahlukahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo. Ububanzi behlumela elivulekile lingamasentimitha angama-5 ukuya kwengama-12. Ngokuvamile, i-inflorescence ihlala kuze kube ngamaviki angama-8-10. Lapho zonke izimbali sezivulekile, zingagawulwa. Nge-vase, i-cymbidium izizwa imnandi.
Ama-petals angafakwa ngopende omhlophe, ukhilimu, ophuzi, opinki, onsomi, obomvu noma onsundu. Amabhuleki omugqa noma obubanzi obuzungeza izindebe ezilinganiswe ngobude obuphakathi nendawo enohlobo oluhlukanayo ne-disc emhlophe noma ephuzi. Ezimweni zasendlini, impova nokwenza i-fruiting akwenzeki.
Ukubukwa okudumile
I-cymbidium orchid imelwe izinhlobo ezingama-50. Ngaphezu kwazo, kunezindlela eziningi zokuzala nzalo kanye nezinhlobiso zokuhlobisa. Zingahluka ngosayizi, umbala wamaqabunga nezimbali, nephunga elikhishwe ngaphandle.
Isishingishane seCymbidium. I-epiphyte enamakhompiyutha inama-pseudobulbs ama-ovoid afinyelela ku-3 cm. Amapheshana emugqa we-Narrow agobile ngaphandle futhi apendwe ngombala we-emerald. Ubude bawo abudluli ku-20 cm nobubanzi obungama-2 cm. Isikebhe esifushane nesigaxekile sinezimbali ezingama-20 ezinamabala angamasentimitha angama-8-10. Amacembe anemibala ebomvu onsundu ahlukaniswe umucu omncane ophuzi. Enkabeni kukhona izindebe ezimhlophe eziluhlaza kanye namabala amancane abomvu.
ICymbidium iyabonakala. I-orchid noma i-lithophytic orchid ikhulisa amaqabunga ama-oval afinyelela ku-70 cm ubude nama-2-3 cm ububanzi.I-peduncles efanelekile ikhula ngamasentimitha angama-50-80. Engxenyeni yabo ephezulu kune-inflemcence inflorescence enezimbali eziyi-10-15 ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-7-9. noma umbala opinki okhanyayo. I-scalloped lip imbozwe ngemivimbo emincane nomsipha onsomi.
USuku lweCymbidium. Isitshalo se-epiphytic esinamaqabunga aluhlaza acwebezelayo aluhlaza kanye nama-peduncle amade, amancanyana, lapho izimbali ezincanyana ezi-5-15 ezinobubanzi bokuqhakaza okuyi-5 cm. Ezinhlotsheni ezinde ezimfishane ezimhlophe maphakathi nendawo kunomugqa obomvu okhanyayo. Imilebe emhlophe emincane egobile ngaphandle.
Isiqhwaga seCymbidium. Isitshalo esisodwa esikhulu kunazo zonke se-epiphytic sikhula ama-ovoid afinyelela ku-15 cm ukuphakama.Agoqwe ngemigqa eminingana yamaqabunga e-scaly. Amahlamvu womugqa we-Linear-lanceolate onqenqemeni olukhonjisiwe ukhula ngo-60 cm ubude nama-3 cm ububanzi. Ama-peduncle amakhulu, aqinile ezansi afihlwe ngamahlamvu, eziqongweni zawo ngebhulashi elivulekile elingama-60 cm ubude, izimbali eziyi-10-15 ziyagxila. Ama-buds amakha anamasentimitha ayi-10,5 cm aqukethe amacembe amancane aluhlaza okotshani, ombozwe ngokubomvu ngemivimbo emide. Ezindebeni ezinokhilimu obukhanyayo kungamabala angenakubomvu onsundu.
Umiyane weCymbidium. Izinhlobo zikhula emadwaleni nasemhlabeni. Incwajana ezinemigqa emincane zipendwe luhlaza okotshani. NgoFebhuwari-Ephreli, ama-inflorescence amakha aqhakaza ku-peduncle ubude obuyi-15-65 cm.Kwesinye sama-inflorescence kunezimbali ezingama-3-9 ezinobubanzi obungafika ku-5 cm.Amaparele aphuzi ambozwe ngemithambo ye-burgundy, kanti izindebe eziluhlaza okombala ophakathi nendawo zinephethini ebomvu emnyama.
ICymbidium aloe. Isitshalo esihlanganisiwe sama-epiphytic esingafika ku-30 cm ukuphakama, ngenxa yeqembu eliminyene lama-pseudobulbs, lenza isihlahla esibanzi. Amafreyimu amahlamvu abunjiwe ifulethi yomzimba ifinyelela ku-40 cm. Izimbali eziphuzi ezinobubanzi obungafika ku-4,5 cm zimbozwe ngephethini eningi engxenyeni ephakathi nendawo. Izimbali zivela ngoJanuwari kuya kuJuni.
ICymbidium imhlophe qwa. Izinhlobo ze-Alpine zivamile eHimalaya. I-Orchid yakha isihlahla esinde esinamaqabunga amfishane aqondile nogwadule. Izimbali ezinamakha zikhula zize zibe ngu-7,5 cm ubukhulu. Sizungezwe yizimbotshana ezimhlophe zeqhwa noma ezinokhilimu, kukhona izindebe ezigobile ezigobile ezinamabala amancane aphuzi ku-crest.
Ukusakazeka kweCymbidium
Ukukhula nge-cymbidium kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, njenganoma iyiphi enye i-orchid, kunzima impela. Kudingeka imishini ekhethekile, izimo eziyinyumba kanye naphakathi kwezakhi ezithile ze-acidity. Imbewu imvamisa entula i-endosperm evikela imila kuphela kuphela nesifo sikhunta. Izithombo zidinga ukunakwa njalo nezimo ezithile zokuboshwa.
Kulula kakhulu ukusabalalisa i-cymbidium imifino, ngokuhlukanisa i-pseudobulb ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Isitshalo sisuswa ebhodweni futhi izimpande zikhululekile ngokuphelele ku-substrate. Isigaxa esisezindongeni uqobo sithambeka bese sakha ibhola eliminyene. Kufanele kwenziwe imizamo yokuyihlanganisa. Ngobubanzi obukhali, obungenasisekelo, izimpande ezomile nezindawo ezilimele ziyasuswa. Iziqu phakathi kwama-pseudobulbs nazo zisikiwe. Kokwahlukaniswa ngakunye, okungenani amahlumela ama-2-3 kufanele asale. Indawo yokusikwa igxunyekwe namalahle achotshoziwe futhi itshalwe emabhodweni amancanyana nge-substrate entsha.
Izithombo zigcinwa umswakama ophezulu futhi zifafazwe njalo, kepha awukwazi ukuzinkcisa kuze kuvele amahlumela amancane. Izinga lokushisa lasemoyeni ngesikhathi se-rooting kufanele libe + 20 ... + 28 ° C. Kuyadingeka futhi nokuhlinzeka ngokukhanyisa okukhulu okuhlanganisiwe.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Inqubo yokufakelwa ibuhlungu isitshalo impela, ngakho-ke yenziwa ngendlela engajwayelekile. Uma isihlahla sikhule ngokushesha futhi ama-rhizomes egcwalise ngokuphelele imbiza (cishe kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-3-4), ukufakelwa kuyadingeka. Akunakwenzeka ukuthatha isitsha "sokukhula" ngokushesha. Ingxube yenhlabathi ye-cymbidium yakhiwa yilezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- amagxolo kaphayini oqoshiwe;
- ukubola okujikelezayo;
- sphagnum moss;
- isihlabathi;
- izingcezu zamalahle.
Ngaphansi kwembiza kumbozwe ngezinto zokudonsa amanzi. Uma izinhlamvu ezibolile nezimpande zitholakala, zisikwa ngokucophelela futhi ziphathwe ngesinamoni eyenziwe nge-carbon noma yesinamoni. Ukutshala i-pseudobulb kukhiqiza ukujula okufanayo. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, isitshalo asithelwanga izinsuku eziningana. Kuleyo minyaka lapho ukuhlelwa kwemvelo kungahlelwanga, kuphela ingxenye engenhla yesigatshana esisuswa esikhundleni.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Ukuze i-cymbidium ingagcini ngokukhula, kodwa futhi futhi iqhume njalo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa izimo ezifanele zokuboshwa.
Isibani Lolu hlobo lwama-orchid luthathwa kalula, kepha alubekezeleli ukukhanya kwelanga. Ebusika, ama-cymbidiums angabekwa efasiteleni, futhi uma kudingeka, sebenzisa ama-phytolamp. Ehlobo, izitshalo zibekwa ngemuva kwekamelo bese zibomvu kusuka elangeni lasemini. Ukwanda nokuncipha esikhathini sokukhanya kwemini kufanele kwenzeke kancane, ngaphandle kwalokho i-orchid izomisa ukuqhakaza futhi ilahlekelwe ngamanye amaqabunga.
Ukushisa ICymbidium ithanda okuqukethwe okufudumele ngokulinganisela. Uzizwa engcono kakhulu ku- + 18 ... + 22 ° C. Ebusika, ukupholisa kuvunyelwe kuze kufike ku- + 15 ... + 18 ° C phakathi nosuku kuze kufike ku- + 12 ° C ebusuku. Uma kubanda kakhulu, isitshalo sizofa. Ehlobo, ukushisa ngaphezulu kuka + 27 ... + 30 ° C kuqeda imbali. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, kufanele uzame ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga okushisa okushisa nsuku zonke angaphakathi kwe-3-4 ° C.
Umswakama. Ama-Orchid adinga ukunikeza umswakama ophezulu unyaka wonke. Ebusika, kuzofakwa amanye ama-humidifiers ukuze kunxephezelwe umphumela wemishini yokushisa. Kunconywa njalo ukufafazwa. Izimbiza zibekwa kangcono eduze kwezindawo zasemanzini, imithombo emincane noma iziqobelo ngodaka olumanzi olwandisiwe. Ukuze ufafaze, sebenzisa amanzi ahlanziwe kahle, athambile. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi ayiqoqi amaconsi ezimbali nakumaqabunga. Ehlobo, izitshalo ziyiswa emoyeni omusha ukuqinisekisa umswakama ofanele nokushisa komoya.
Ukunisela. I-cymbidium yamanzi iyadingeka njengoba inhla yomile yenhlabathi. Ngokukhanya okukhulu nokuqukethwe okufudumele, ukuchelela kwenziwa izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto. Kuyadingeka ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi kokuqina kwamanzi engxenyeni yenhlabathi kanye nokomisa okuphelele kwe-substrate. Kusetshenziselwe ukuchelela uhlanze amanzi afudumele. Imizuzu engu-15 ukuya kwe-20 ngemuva kwenqubo, kususwa amanzi epanini.
Umanyolo Kuwo wonke unyaka, i-cymbidium yondliwa njalo ngenyanga ngezakhi zamaminerali zama-orchid. Lapho kukhula amaqabunga amasha, kukhethwa izingoma ezinokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephezulu. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, i-nitrogen iyanciphisa futhi ikhulise i-potassium. Ngqo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyamiswa. Isixazululo sithululelwa emhlabathini ngemuva kokuchelela okujwayelekile.
Ubunzima obungahle bube khona
Kwesinye isikhathi abatshali bezimbali babhekene neqiniso lokuthi i-cymbidium ayiqhakaza. Isizathu salokhu singaba lokushisa komoya okuphezulu kakhulu. Kufanele incishiswe ibe ngu- + 20 ... + 22 ° C. Kubalulekile futhi ukunikeza ukupholisa ebusuku ngo-4-5 ° C. Ukuze ungasebenzisi umzamo omningi wokwenza umbuso ofanele wokushisa, entwasahlobo nasehlobo izimbali zithathwa ngaphandle ziye endaweni evikelekile kokubhalwe phansi nokungena kwezulu.
Lapho igcinwa egumbini elipholile noma emanzini aqinile enhlabathini, i-cymbidium ihlushwa ukubola. Ukuvela kwezindawo ezinobuthi emaqabungeni kukhombisa isifo segciwane. Ukuvuvukala kwamaqabunga nakho kungaqala ukukhula, okukhonjiswa ukukhula kwemikhono epanini leqabunga. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukusindisa izitshalo ezithintekile. Esikhathini sokuqala kwesifo, ukugawulwa kwezingxenye ezonakalisiwe, ukwelashwa kwe-fung fung kanye nokufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi kuyasiza. Qiniseka ukuthi ulungisa izimo zokuboshwa.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, izimbali zihlaselwa izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-aphid nezinambuzane ezikalwa ngazo. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa kwezinambuzane kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha.
