IMarigolds yiminyaka e-herbaceous kanye nezinto ezivela emndenini wakwa-Astra. Izwe labo yiMelika. Kodwa-ke, emakhulwini eminyaka edlule, abanqobi baseSpain baletha lesi sitshalo eYurophu. Manje imbali ingumhlali ohlala njalo emibhedeni yezimbali yaseYurophu naseRussia. Ibizwa nangokuthi "i-Turkish carnation", "iqonde", "imbali yabafundi", "umuntu omnyama", "igolide likaMariya". Isikhathi eside sokuqhakaza, iphunga elicebile nomlingisi ongabekezeleleki kwenza ama-marigolds abe yizintandokazi zabalimi. Kujabulisa kakhulu ukuthi izitshalo nazo ziyahlomula: ziqinisa impilo futhi zixoshe izinambuzane eziyingozi emibhedeni.
Ukuvela kwama marigolds
AmaMarigolds ayizitshalo eziqhakazayo ezinamahlumela we-herbaceous kanye nenduku eyenziwe kahle noma i-fibrous rhizome. Ingxenye yonke engaphansi komhlaba ibushelelezi, imhlophe. Isiqu esiminyene esinamagatsha akwi-lateral sikhula ngo-20-120 cm ukuphakama. Isihlahla somhluzi masisha ngemuva kokuhluma. Ingaphezulu le-shoot ribbed, luhlaza okotshani obumnyama noma obomvu.
Ngokuphakama kwawo wonke amaqabunga e-petiole aphambili noma akhula. Zine-airy, openwork look. Amaqabunga e-Cirrus-dissected noma ama-serated apendwe ngemithunzi ehlukahlukene eluhlaza. Izindlala ezinamakha zikhona ebusweni bulube beqabunga.
Izimbali zokuqala kuma-marigolds zivela ngoJuni-Julayi. Bahlobisa izihlahla kuze kube yiqhwa. Ama-inflorescences-obhasikidi akhiwa eziqongweni zamahlumela. Banenkomishi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enamaqabunga ehlanganisiwe eyakhiwe ngotshani. Maphakathi nezimbali zezimbali ezinama-corollas amafushane futhi amnyama. Eduze nomaphethelo, izimbali zomhlanga ezinama-oval oval oval zikhula emigqeni eminingana. Umbala ubomvu, ubomvu, onsomi, owolintshi noma ophuzi. Esikhathini esiningi izimbali eziningana ezixubile zihlanganiswa ngasikhathi sinye. Ama-inflorescences uqobo alula futhi aphindeke kabili.
Izitshalo ezingcolisiwe ezinezinambuzane nomoya. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-achenes aminyene enezinhlamvu eziningi ezinde zomugqa avuthwe. Anombala omnyama nomhlophe. Ukuhluma kuyaqhubeka iminyaka engu-3-4. Ku-1 g yembewu, kunezinhlamvu ezingama-280-700.
Ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo
Yize kunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-50 zohlobo lweMarigold, imvamisa abalimi basebenzisa izinhlobo ezintathu kuphela eziyinhloko nezinhlobo zazo zokuhlobisa.
Ama-Tagete aqondile (ama-Afrika). Izitshalo eziphakeme kakhulu zifinyelela ku-120 cm ukuphakama. Izindunduma zazo ezinamagatsha aqhakaza ziphela ngama-terry spherical inflorescence afinyelela ku-15 cm.I-shades ezi-yellow zihamba phambili kumbala wamaphalishi. Izitshalo zilungele ukusikwa. Izinhlobo:
- Itshe eliphuzi - isihlahla esikhulu sombala ophuzi esingu-70 cm sichitha ubhasikidi ophuzi wegolide ophuzi onesilinganiso esingu-8 cm;
- I-Alaska - izihlahla ezibanzi (45-60 cm ukuphakama) ziyaqhakaza ngama-inflorescences ayisiyingi ukhilimu cishe amasentimitha ayi-10;
- I-Antigua - izihlahla ezihlangene ezi-25 cm eziphakeme zimbozwe ngamatshe amakhulu (angu-15 cm) ama-inflorescence aphuzi-ophuzi noma aphuzi.
UMarigolds wenqabile (French). Izitshalo ezinamakhompiyutha amaningi ngenxa yokuhluma okuhlotshiswe kakhulu zakha isihlahla esivulekile esingu-20-50 cm ubukhulu. Ama-Sprigs ambozwe amaqabunga aluhlaza we-cirrus anama-lobes acacile e-lanceolate kanye nombala oluhlaza okotshani. Phezu komhlaba kukhona indlala eminingi emdaka. Obhaskiti abangashwayi bodwa bekhebula elinobubanzi obungu-4-6 cm bakhula emlenzeni ovuvukalayo. Ama-petals - ulamula, owolintshi, onsundu-onsundu, o-burgundy. Izimbali ziqala ngoJulayi. Izinhlobo:
- I-Bonanza - isihlahla esingama-30 cm ukuphakama ichitha obhasikidi osawolintshi, ophuzi noma omdaka nge-petals ehlanganisiwe;
- UCarmen - isihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi angama-30-35 cm amade aqhakaza ngezimbali eziphindwe kabili ezisawolintshi-ophuzi othuli olunsundu.
UMarigold omncane-ileved (iMexico). Isihlahla esincane esiqhakaza esifinyelela ku-40 cm ubude simbozwe ngamaqabunga angavulekile. Izihlangu eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezinamabhasikidi amancane alula anomgogodla opholile nezinsimbi ezibanzi, zivulwa emaphethelweni amagatsha. Ama-inflorescence ane-orange red noma okhanyayo ophuzi. Izinhlobo:
- I-Lulu - isihlahla esiminyene esiyindilinga esine ububanzi ka-30 cm sichitha izimbali ezincane zikalamula;
- IGnome - ekuqaleni kukaJuni, esihlahleni esisakazwayo esingama-25 cm ukuphakama, kuvela obhasikidi bokuqala be-orange.
Izimbali ezikhulayo
AmaMarigolds atshalwa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Kulokhu, izindlela zokusika nezithombo ziyasetshenziswa. Izithombo zivame ukuphikelela kakhulu futhi zingazethembi. Amandla okukhula kwezithombo akhula kuphela ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibanda isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke ungathola izitshalo eziqhakazayo ngokushesha. Maphakathi no-Mashi (eqondile) noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli (mncane-osindayo, owenqatshwayo), izithombo ziqala ukukhula. Sebenzisa iziqukathi ezingajulile ngenhlanganisela ye-peat, umhlaba we-turf, isihlabathi kanye ne-humus. Umhlabathi ubulala amagciwane ngesisombululo esinamandla se-potassium permanganate. Imbewu isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kumuntu obukhulu obungaba ngu-1 cm .. Ifafazwa ngamanzi futhi igcinwe ekukhanyeni okukhona nasezingeni lokushisa lika + 22 ... + 25 ° C. Izithombo ze-Shelter azidingeki.
Amahlumela okuqala avela emva kwezinsuku ezingama-3-4. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuyakhanya ukukhanya okukhanyayo, futhi izinga lokushisa lihlehliselwa ku- + 15 ... + 18 ° C. Izitshalo zihlala ziniselwa njalo, kanti izithombo esezikhulile zigxila ezimbizeni ezihlukene. Kulokhu, isiqu singcwatshwa amakhokho. Ngemuva kwalokho kuma-marigolds azobukeka ecwebile futhi eqinile. Ekupheleni kukaMeyi, uhlelo lwezimpande luzokhula ngokuqinile futhi luzomboza ngokuphelele inhlama yobumba. Ngemuva kokufudumeza inhlabathi, izithombo zitshalwa esakhiweni. Ibanga lincike ekuphakameni kwezinhlobo ezithile futhi li:
- I-10-15 cm ye-undersized;
- 20 cm ngosayizi ophakathi;
- 30-40 cm wama marigolds amade.
Ukuze wenze ngaphandle kokukhula kwezithombo, engxenyeni yesibili ka-Ephreli, imbewu ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini efudumele ngemigqa kuze kufike ku-3 cm.Mbozwe ngenhlabathi futhi kuniselwe. Amahlumela avela ezinsukwini ezingama-5-7. Izitshalo esezikhulile ziyafotshwa bese zitshalwa ukuze kugcinwe ibanga elidingekayo.
Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphandle
Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kubaluleke kakhulu kuma-marigolds, ngakho-ke atshalwe ezindaweni ezivulekile, ezinelanga. Izitshalo ngeke zife ethunzini elithile noma emthunzini ojulile, noma kunjalo ziyoma ukuqhakaza. Umhlabathi kumele ukhululeke futhi ube nomsoco. Amalogi ane-acidity engathathi hlangothi afanele kakhulu.
Ingxenye eyinhloko yokunakekelwa kwansuku zonke ukuthambisa ejwayelekile. Kubaluleke kakhulu entwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo, ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimbali. Ngemuva kwalokho ukuchelela kuncishiswa kancane kancane ukuvikela ukuzimuka kwamanzi ezimpandeni.
Emhlabathini ovundile ofanele, umquba ungashiywa ngokuphelele. Uma inhlabathi ingeyinhle, izitshalo zondliwa izikhathi ezimbili ngesizini nge-mineral complex noma i-mullein solution.
Amakati amancanyana adinga ukhula njalo nokukhulisa umhlabathi. Ekuqaleni kokukhula, bahlupheka ngokukhethekile ngokubuswa ukhula, kanti ukuqina okuphezulu kuvimbela umoya ekufinyeleleni ezimpandeni.
Ngemuva kokushiswa, izimbali zisikwa ukuze kugcinwe ukuhlobisa kwamahlathi. Le nqubo futhi ivimbela ukuzilawula ngokwakho okungalawulwa. Ehlobo, lapho amahlumela ekhula kakhulu, ukugunda izinwele okuhle kakhulu kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwe-flowerbed. Ngayo, kuze kube yingxenye yazo zonke izinqubo ezikhishiwe. Maduze nje kuzovela amahlumela amasha aluhlaza bese izimbali ziqale kabusha.
Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, ama-marigolds awakwazi ukusinda ebusika, ngakho-ke zonke izinhlobo zikhuliswa njengonyaka. Ekwindla sekwephuzile, akunangqondo ukumboza izitshalo. Kushunqulwa amahlumela omile, bese kuthiwe indawo, ikulungele ingadi yezimbali entsha.
Izifo zithinta kakhulu ama-marigolds futhi kuphela ngokuphulwa okuhleliwe kobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Engxenyeni engaphansi yesitshalo iqukethe inani elikhulu lokuguquguquka, okulimaza isikhunta futhi kuxosha izinambuzane. Yilezi zinto ezikhipha iphunga elithile elijwayelekile. Phakathi kwezigciwane ezicasulayo kakhulu, izibungu zesicabucabu ziyahlukaniswa. Futhi emathangeni amaningi kakhulu ama-slgs kanye neminenke kungaxazululeka.
Ukuhlobisa
UMarigolds uzoba yisikhundla esivelele kunoma iyiphi imbali yezimbali. Ngokuya ngobude bezinhlobonhlobo, zinqunywa endaweni engaphambili noma emaphakathi nendawo. Futhi, izimbali zingasetshenziselwa ukukhawulela indawo, ukutshala eceleni kwezakhiwo nasesakhiweni kuxutshaniswa. Iziqu zezinhlobonhlobo eziphakeme kuzofanele ziboshwe ukuze zingabonakali indlela.
IMarigolds ibukeka ihle kakhulu ekutshaleni okukodwa, kepha ungazisebenzisa engadini yezimbali exubile. Bahlanganiswe ne-petunia, i-juniper, i-jaundice, i-alissum. Izinhlobo ezikhula kancane zingasetshenziselwa ukutshala izithako kumakhalkoni nakwizindawo ezisebenzisa amanzi. Eziphezulu zilungele ukusikwa futhi zibukeke izingoma zezimbali.
Imarigolds imvamisa itshalwa engadini, phakathi kombhede weklabishi, ukhukhamba neminye imifino. Iphunga labo eliqondile liyaziphazamisa izinambuzane.
Izici zokwelapha kanye ne-contraindication
Amaqabunga nezimbali zikaMarigold asetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ngezinjongo zokuhlobisa nezasendlini. Kwamanye amazwe, basebenza njengesihlahla sasemithi nemithi. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kawoyela obalulekile, ama-flavonoid, ama-phytoncides, amavithamini, izinto ezincane kanye nama-macro kwenza lesi sitshalo sibaluleke kakhulu emithini yabomdabu.
Ukuqoqwa kwezinto zokwelapha zokwenziwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali. Yomile futhi inhlabathi, bese isetshenziselwa ukulungisa ama-decoctions, amanzi noma i-infusions.
Le mishanguzo inomphumela onenzuzo kuma-pancreas futhi iyakwazi ukumisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-pancreatitis noma ukubonakaliswa kwesifo sikashukela. Ukuqaphela umphumela we-antiviral wama-marigolds, kwanele ukufaka amacembe ambalwa kwayi itiye elijwayelekile ngesikhathi sokusakazwa komkhuhlane. Futhi, izidakamizwa zine-laxative, sedative, antispasmodic, diuretic, anthelmintic izenzo. Zikhonjiswa iziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme nabantu abafika besesimweni sokuxineka kwezinzwa.
Ngokusebenzisa okulinganiselayo kwe-contraindication, ama-marigold awenzi. Kufanele uphuze kuphela izidakamizwa ngokuqapha futhi ngamanani amancane kubantu abathambekele kulwelwa, kanye nabesifazane abakhulelwe.
