I-Oxalis isisitshalo se-herbaceous esivela emndenini we-Acidic. Igama lesayensi yi-oxalis, kepha laziwa nangamagama athi i-clover yamanga, iklabishi lomvundla nelimuncu. Ngempela, amapheshana afanayo ngesakhiwo se-clover futhi anambitheka omuncu. Izwe lakuma-acid omuncu yiMexico, iNingizimu Melika kanye ne-Afrika eseningizimu. Isitshalo sihlobisa kakhulu, ngakho abalimi basithanda. Itshalwa ezingadini njengomngcele noma isetshenziswe njengesihlahla sendlu. I-oksijini inezinto zokupholisa, i-choleretic enhle ne-diuretic, futhi isiza nangamakhaza.
Incazelo yeBotanical
IKislitsa luhlobo lwamakhambi aqhakaza minyaka yonke noma e-perennial. Zinezinambuzane ezinwabuzelayo ezingenamkhawulo ezinamaqubu ezinamaqhubu ezinamafutha amaningi. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungamasentimitha ayi-15- 30. Amahlamvu emifino ku-petioles aze afike ku-20 cm ubude enesakhiwo esenziwe ngesundu noma kathathu. Ubude bephepha bungamasentimitha angama-5 kuya kwengamahlanu. Kujwayelekile ukuthi ipuleti leshidi ligoqe futhi liwe ubusuku besikhathi sezulu esinamafu noma ngaphansi komthelela womzimba. Umbala wamaqabunga uluhlaza okotshani kanye ne-burgundy, ithafa noma amabili.
Izimbali zenzeka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo futhi zihlala cishe inyanga. I-peduncle ende ikhula kusuka kuma-axils amaqabunga, athwala ihlumela elilodwa noma ngaphezulu. ICorolla yefomu elifanele liqukethe amacembe amahlanu afakwe kwi-tube emfushane. Zinezinqenqema zangaphandle eziyindilinga, eziboshwe ngokuqinile. Ngokufanisa ngamaqabunga, izimbali zivala ebusuku. Umbala wamacembe uphethwe yi-lilac, emhlophe, epinki, nangeziphuzi eziphuzi. Zonke izimbali zinombono ophindwe kabili, othambekele ekuzicwabeni noma ekungcoleni kwezinambuzane. Maphakathi nembali kukhona ama-stamens amade angama-5- 10 amade kanye nesibeletho esisodwa. Ikholomu yayo ingaba yinde, imfishane, noma igcwale ngamanoni.
Izithelo - amaphakethe ezinhlwayiya enamanzi agqamile abumbeke ngamahlamvu aluhlaza. Ngemuva kwabo kunembewu emincane, ebushelelezi enesikhumba esinyene. Ungqimba oluphezulu lwamakhasi luqukethe inani elikhulu loshukela ukuheha izintuthwane. Baphethe imbewu ebangeni elide. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa, amaqabunga amajikijolo amuncu avuleka kakhulu, aqede ngokoqobo okuqukethwe ibanga elide.
Izinhlobo ezidumile zika-omuncu
I-Oxalis yehluke kakhulu. Kuhlobo, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-800. IRussia yindawo yokuhlala yemvelo yama-5-6 kuyo.
I-acid ejwayelekile. Ngokuvamile kutholakala ehlathini elinemifino ene-shady. Utshani bezitshalo zasendulo bukhula kuphela ubude obungu-5-12 cm. Isifutho esincane esihuqayo singena ekufanekisweni nesikhunta, ngenxa yokuthi amafomu wokuvuvukala ezinkambisweni zangaphansi komhlaba. Amaqabunga kuma-petioles acwebezelayo anokuma okuphindwe kathathu ngama-lobes enomumo wenhliziyo. Anombala oluhlaza okotshani, futhi ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-oxalic acid abe nokunambitheka okumuncu. Kwi-peduncle engu-5-10 cm ubude ngoMeyi-Juni, kuqhakaza izimbali ezingama-single creamy. Amacembe awo ambozwe ngemithambo ebubende noma epinki futhi abe nomphetho oyindilinga.
I-asidi ethambile. Uhlobo luhlala eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, lapho kutshalwa khona kanye namazambane. Izitshalo ngokufanayo zikhula nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinesisindo eside ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwesitashi ezimpandeni. Amaqabunga ale zinhlobo anomumo owenziwe kathathu nombala oluhlaza ocacile. Izimbali ezizodwa ziqukethe amacembe amahlanu apinki.
Amacembe amane amuncu. I-bulbous perennial native yaseMexico nasePanama. Ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge -planethi yendlu. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamasentimitha ayi-15. Isibungu esimnyama esinsundu sidla isiqu esifushane ne-rosette yamaqabunga amade angama-3-6 anezigaba ezimise okwenhliziyo. Amacembe aluhlaza ngombala ngebala elinsundu noma elinsomi phakathi nendawo. NgoJuni-Septhemba, izimbali eziqhakaza izimbali ziyaqhakaza phezu kwamahlamvu ezimbali ezinde. Izimbali ezicijile ezimise okomhlaza okwenziwe upinki noma obomvu-umbala obomvu nge-pharynx. Ububanzi babo bu malunga ne-2 cm.
I-Triangular acid (onsomi). Izitshalo ezithanda ukushisa zokutshala amakhaya zihlukaniswa ngamaqabunga amakhulu amnyama ansomi anendawo elula. Ku-petiole ngayinye kune amapuleti ama-3 angular. Izimbali ezincane ezi-pink ezikhanyayo ziqoqwa kuma-peduncle amade aguqukayo kuma-inflorescences aqonde.
I-Ferruginous acid. Isitshalo esivamile sokutshala ingadi sakha isihlahla esiminyene esiqhakaza esingama-8 cm kuphela futhi sibe ngu-15 cm ububanzi. Amaqabunga e-oval aluhlaza aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka aphawuleka impela. I-petiole ngayinye ingaqukatha izingxenye 9-ezimise fan. NgoJuni-Julayi, izimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe ezinesiliva ziyaqhakaza ngesibhakabhaka sombala obomvana ongaphakathi.
I-Carob O oxygen. Utshani obhula bukhula obomile bukhula kancane, ngakho abalimi abaningi babhekwa njengokhula. I-petiole ngayinye inama-lobes ayi-3 abunjwe ngenhliziyo e-cherry, acishe abe brown. Izimbali ezincane ezipinki ezincane ziyaqhakaza ngokucula noma ngamaqembu anezicucu ezi-3.
I-Oxalis ixubgated. Izinhlobonhlobo zangaphakathi zasendlini zikhulisa amaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile anama-lobes amincane kakhulu, acishe afane. Amacembe wezimbali zakhe agxotshwa kwi-tube emincane ebusuku. Ngaphakathi, anombala omhlophe ocacile, futhi ngaphandle emaphethelweni azungezwe umngcele obomvu noma obomvu. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufinyelela ku-15 cm. INingizimu Afrika yizwe lakubo.
Izici Zokuphindaphindeka
I-oksijini isatshalaliswa ngokutshala imbewu, nezilimo eziyizigaxa nokusika. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa maphakathi nentwasahlobo ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngemuva kwamaviki awu-1.5-2, izithombo zizovela. Ngonyaka wokuqala, izithombo zakha amaqabunga amaqabunga amaqabunga futhi zikhula zingaboli. Amabhasi aminyene nezimbali zingabonakala ngonyaka olandelayo wokuphila.
Ngo-ekwindla, lapho ingxenye yomhlabathi ifa, ungimba imigodi enhlabathini. Zigcinwa endaweni epholile. Kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMashi, kuye kwalungiswa amabhodwe enhlabathi engadini evulekile exutshwe nesihlabathi. Isitsha ngasinye singabamba kuze kube ngama-nodule ayi-10. Zitshalwa kumuntu ongaba ngu-1 cm. Kumaviki ambalwa, amabhodwe anezilimo eziyizigaxa agcinwa endaweni epholile (+ 5 ... + 10 ° C) futhi athambise inhlabathi ngokunakekela okukhulu. Ekupheleni kukaMashi, izinga lokushisa liyenyuka. Ngokukhulisa indlu, ungatshala nezilimo eziyizigaxa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Uma ufika eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ka-Okthoba, lapho-ke ngonyaka omusha kuzoba sekwenziwe isihlahla esihle.
Ama-Oxalis asakazwa ngokuphelele ngokusikwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma iyiphi ingxenye yalesi sitshalo ilungele ukhula lwenhlanganisela: iqabunga eline-petiole, izigaba ngazinye, i-peduncle enezimbali. Ukhula lwenqanaba lungaqhutshwa emanzini noma ngqo enhlabathini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa inhlanganisela yesihlabathi somfula, ama-humus aqobayo, iqabunga nomhlaba wesod. Ama-petioles atshalwe ngamaqembu futhi aqukethe ekukhanyeni okukhona nasezingeni lokushisa elingaba ngu + 25 ° C. Inqubo yokuzivumelanisa nayo ithatha amasonto ayi-2-3.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
I-Indoor acid itshalwa ebhodweni eliphakathi nendawo. Inhlabathi yakhiwe ngezingxenye ezilinganayo zezinto ezilandelayo:
- isihlabathi somfula;
- umhlaba we-humus;
- Peat;
- ishidi lomhlaba;
- umhlaba wefudu.
Phansi, kubekwa ungqimba lwezintambo zobumba, udwala noma ubumba olwandisiwe. Ngemuva kokutshala, izitshalo ziniselwa kakhulu.
Isibani I-oksijini ikhula kahle ngokukhanya okugqamile okukhanya nokukhanya kosuku amahora angu-12-16. Ehlobo elishisayo ntambama, ukuvikeleka elangeni eliqondile kuyadingeka. Ekwindla nasebusika, izitshalo zihlelwe kabusha efasiteleni eliseningizimu futhi zisebenzisa isibani sangemuva.
Ukushisa Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, i-acid emuncu izolunga emazingeni okushisa ka-20 ... + 25 ° C. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, kunconywa ukufudumeza igumbi kaningi, kepha vikela imbali kokusalungiswa. Kungcono ukuthatha imbiza uye nomoya omusha. Ebusika, kuyadingeka ukwenza kabusha lesi sitshalo egumbini elipholile (+ 12 ... + 18 ° C). NgoDisemba-Janawari, ama-acid amaningi asephumulile. Baconsa amahlamvu, ngakho-ke futhi abadingi ukukhanyiswa. NgoFebhuwari, amabhodwe anezilimo eziyizigaxa adluliselwa endaweni efudumele.
Umswakama. Le mbali isabela kahle ukufafaza, kepha iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nomswakama ojwayelekile wasendlini. Ebusika, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise i-humidifier yomoya noma i-tray yendawo enamatshe amatshe eduze kwamathuluzi okushisa.
Ukunisela. Ngesikhathi sokumila okusebenzayo, i-acid emuncu kufanele iniselwe kaningi. Isendlalelo esingaphansi singomile ngokufika ku-1-1,5 cm. Noma kunjalo, ukuzimuka kwamanzi akufanele kuvunyelwe. Kusukela ekwindla, ukuthambisa kancane kancane kuncishiswa futhi kuncishiswe. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula amasonto angama-4-6, angashiywa ngokuphelele.
Umanyolo Ngo-Ephreli-Agasti, amakhasi aniselwa ngesisombululo somanyolo wezimbiwa zezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufakwa njalo ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14-20 emva kokunisela okuncane.
Izifo nezinambuzane. Ukuvikelwa kwe-acidity kunamandla kakhulu. Empeleni akahlushwa izifo zezitshalo. Kungakhungathwa isikhathi eside ngokunakekelwa okungaka isikhathi eside (umanzi, amazinga okushisa aphansi, ukuxhumana nezitshalo ezinesifo). Futhi, ngezikhathi ezithile lapho amahlumela kuphela lapho umuntu angabona khona izibuko zesicabucabu, isikali noma imicbubu.
Oxalis engadini
Ama-Oxalis akhula kahle ngokulinganayo emthunzini oyingxenye nasenjinini evulekile nelanga. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe nokudla okunempilo, okuxekethile nokuphefumula. I-acidity yenhlabathi inconywa ukungathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic kancane. Uma kunesidingo, bamba umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala ngokufakwa komquba kanye ne-peat. Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa ngebanga le-10-12 cm ukuya ekujuleni kwama-3-4 cm. Ukutshala kwenziwa kangcono engxenyeni yesibili yentwasahlobo ngesimo sezulu esifudumele nesamafu.
Imvamisa izitshalo ziba nemvula yemvelo eyanele. Uma isomiso sihlala isikhathi eside, ama-bushs ayankcenkceshelwa ekuseni noma asondele ekushoneni kwelanga ngenani elincane lamanzi.
Imvamisa, njalo ezinyangeni ezi-1-2, omuncu uphekelwa yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yamaminerali noma i- "Mullein".
Ekwindla, isitshalo se-thermophilic kumele silungiselelwe ubusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuhle ukufaka izithombo zenhlabathi ezimpandeni. Akufanele wesabe ngesimo sengxenye yomhlabathi, noma ngabe iyiphi indawo izokoma, kanti ungqimba olubanzi lwe-mulch luzosiza ama-tubers nezimpande ukuthi ziphile kuze kube sentwasahlobo elandelayo.
Izimpawu nezinkolelo-ze
UKislitsa uyisimenywa esimukelekile endlini. Kwethembisa ukuthula emndenini, enhlalakahleni, ukuvikelwa ezingxabanweni nasishiyeni, imihlangano ejwayelekile nabangane. Indlu izophenduka kalula ibe yisitsha esigcwele, indawo yemihlangano ejabulisayo nemibuthano yabangane nezihlobo. Kukholelwa ukuthi imbali izosiza abantu abanesizungu ukuxazulula izinkinga zomuntu siqu futhi bathole umuntu ozophatha umphefumulo, kanye nokuqeda ubumnyama nokudangala. Kwamanye amazwe, ama-oxalis asebenza njengesipho esihle ngoKhisimusi noma uNyaka Omusha, njengomthombo wenjabulo nenhlala-kahle yezezimali.
