Leek: indlela yokulungiselela kahle nokutshala izithombo emhlabathini

I-Leek isitshalo esimangalisayo esinenani elikhulu lezinto ezizuzisayo. Maqondana nobuntu bokukhula kwayo, leli siko livame ukukhula ngezithombo.

Ukulungiselela Izithombo

Ukuthola izithombo ezisezingeni eliphakeme nezinempilo, udinga ukuzijwayeza ngemithetho yokulungiselela imbewu nezidingo eziyisisekelo zokunakekela amahlumela amancane.

Ilungiselela imbewu yokutshala

1. Isikhubekiso. Faka imbewu kushisa (+48^mayelanaC - +50^mayelanaC) amanzi okwemizuzu engu-15 ukuya kwengama-20, bese kuthi imizuzu engu-1-2 kubanda. Ngemuva kwalokho susa bese womile.
2. Ukuhluma. Phansi kwepuleti, beka ucezu lwendwangu exazululiwe (ukotini noma umatanisa ulungile), ubeke imbewu kuyo bese umboza ngesiqeshana sesibili sendwangu efanayo. Beka isitaki sokusebenza endaweni efudumele izinsuku ezimbili. Ngalesi sikhathi, indwangu kufanele igcinwe inomswakama.

Ukuze imbewu ye-leek ihlume kangcono, kungakuhle ukuthi uyihlume ngaphambi kokuba uyihlwanyele

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini

Kungcono ukhule izithombo ze-leek ezitsheni ngazinye. Amabhodwe we-Peat noma amakhasethi anomthamo we-100-150 ml kanye nokujula okungama-10 cm alungele kahle le njongo, ngoba izimpande ze-leek zidinga isikhala esiningi. Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa ithangi elivamile, khona-ke kufanele libe nokujula okufanayo.

1. Yenza izimbobo ezitsheni bese uthela ungqimba (1-1,5 cm) wezinto zokudonsa (uzothola uhlaka oluhle).
2. Gcwalisa iziqukathi ngomhlabathi. Ukuze uyilungiselele, hlanganisa ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo ze-turf, humus ne-peat, engeza izingxenye ze-0.5 zesihlabathi, bese u-moisten.
3. Lungiselela izinto zokuhlwanyela
   1. Emabhodweni, yenza izimbobo ezijulile 1-1.5 cm.
   2. Ebhokisini elijwayelekile, yenza ama-grooves ayi-1-1.5 cm ukujula kwe-5 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye.
4. Faka imbewu emhlabathini:
   1. Hlwanyela imbewu engu-1 ku 1 kahle.
   2. Hlwanyela imbewu emikhawulweni ebangeni elingama-5-7 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Endaweni eyi-1, ungafaka futhi imbewu engu-1-2.
5. Fafaza imbewu ngesendlalelo senhlabathi eyomile noma ngesihlabathi ngobukhulu obungama-0,5 cm.
6. Mboza izitshalo ngefilimu noma ngesikhwama sepulasitiki bese ufaka (+22) efudumele^mayelanaC - +25^mayelanaC) indawo ekhanyayo ekhanyayo.

Ukuqinisekisa izimo ezingcono zezitshalo, amabhokisi angambozwa nge-foil

Njengomthetho, amahlumela okuqala avela ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela. Ngokushesha lapho lokhu kwenzeka, susa ifilimu bese ubeka izitsha endaweni ekhanyayo. Ukuze kuthi emva kwalokho lesi sitshalo singangeni emcibisholo, siyadingeka ukuqaphela umbuso wokushisa. Amahlumela okusontayo kufanele agcinwe ku-+15 isonto^mayelanaC - +17^mayelanaC ngesikhathi sasemini no-10^mayelanaC - +12^mayelanaC ebusuku, bese kuthi emazingeni okushisa we +17^mayelanaC - +20^mayelanaUyajabula futhi +10^mayelanaC - +14^mayelanaKusukela ebusuku kuze kube sekutshale izithombo emhlabathini.

Ukunakekela izithombo

Ngaphezu kokubuka umbuso wokushisa, kuneminye imithetho eminingana maqondana nokutshalwa kwezithombo ezingama-leek.

Ngokunisela, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa kuphela amanzi athambile - ancibilikayo, abilisiwe, lina noma axazululwe okungenani usuku.

• Isibani Isikhathi sasemini kufanele sithathe amahora angama-10-12, ngakho-ke uma kunesidingo, khanyisa izithombo ngesibani se-fluorescent efakwe ebangeni elingamasentimitha angama-50. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zama ukungadaluli izithombo elangeni eliqondile.
• Ukunisela. Yenza ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela, uzama ukuchelela izithombo ngaphansi kwempande (ngale njongo ungasebenzisa isipuni noma isirinji). Futhi, ngemuva kokunisela ngakunye, khulula ngobunono inhlabathi ukugwema ukuqhekeka.
• Ukulingisa. Nquma izithombo njalo ukuze ubude bazo bungangeqi 8-10 cm.
• Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Yondla i-leek njalo emavikini ama-2 nale ngxube: ammonium nitrate (2 g) + potassium chloride (2 g) + superphosphate (4 g) + amanzi (1 l).
• Ukucwilisa. Uma utshale imbewu emibili emgodini ngamunye, lapho amahlumela akhula kancane, susa ngokucophelela okubuthakathaka.
• Khetha Uma uhlwanyele imbewu ebhokisini elivamile futhi amasimu aphenduka aminyene, lapho-ke kufanele ukhethe, lapho izitshalo zizoba namaqabunga amabili ayi-2.
  • Lungisa iziqukathi ezinobukhulu be-100-150 ml, wenze izimbobo zokudonsa kuwo bese ugcwalisa ngenhlabathi (ungathatha inhlanganisela efanayo).
  • Khulisa umswakama enhlabathini ngebhokisi lezithombo.
  • Susa ngokucophelela ihlumela kanye nenhlama yomhlaba.
  • Yenza umgodi embizeni, ubukhulu bawo buhlangana nenhlama yomhlaba, ubeke ihlumela kuyo.
  • Nyakazisa inhlabathi.

Ukuze i-leek ikhule ngokufanele, kufanele ilungiswe ngendlela efanelekile

Ngokungafani namahlamvu, izimpande ze-leek zidinga ukufudumala, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukubeka iziqukathi esicucwini se-polystyrene noma i-drywall.

Ukhetho lwe-Leek (ividiyo)

Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini

Kunconywa ukutshala i-leek kungakabi maphakathi no-Meyi, lapho ekugcineni izinga lokushisa selisungulwa. Isonto ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukuqala lukhule izithombo. Kuze kube manje, thatha amabhodlela emoyeni ovulekile ekuqaleni kwamahora ama-3-4, kancane kancane ukhulisa isikhathi. Ezinsukwini ezi-2 zokugcina, izithombo zingashiywa emgwaqweni ubusuku bonke.

Ukulungiswa kwesiza

Udinga ukuqala ukulungiselela ingadi ekwindla. Kuma-leeks, indawo etholakala endaweni evulekile enenhlabathi ekhanyayo (leamy noma sandy loamy land) ifanelekile, futhi amanzi asemhlabathini kufanele alale ekujuleni kwe-1.5 m ukusuka phezulu. Uma indawo ekhethiwe inenhlabathi ene-acidic (izici zayo eziyinhloko zingama-plaque akhanyayo, inqwaba yama-moss noma amahhashi, namanzi okugqwala emigodini), izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokulungiswa okuyinhloko kumele zikhululwe nge-lime (250-300 g / m²) noma ufulawa we-dolomite (300-400 g / m²).

Lapho utshala ama-leeks, kuyanconywa futhi ukuthi ubhekele imithetho yokujikeleza kwezitshalo. Izimbangela ezinhle zalesi sitshalo zingamagundane, amadada (amadevu, udali, i-alfalfa), amazambane okuqala, iklabishi elimhlophe notamatisi Kuyinto engathandeki ukutshala ama-leeks lapho sekudlule iminyaka engu-4 ngaphambi kokukhula izilimo ze-bulb.

Uma ungadingi ukumboza inhlabathi, bese uqhubekela phambili ekuthuthukisweni kwayo ngokunezela umquba noma i-humus (ama-6-8 kg / m²), i-nitrofosku (10-15 g / m²) no-urea (5 g / m²).

Bumba uzungu entwasahlobo bese wakhe umbhede. Abalimi bathi isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi sikhula kahle embhedeni omncane (umbhede onjalo unobubanzi obungu-0.7 - 0.9 m kanye nama-aisles abanzi kakhulu), kepha ungakwenza okujwayelekile. Ngemuva kokwenza umbhede, izinsuku ezingama-3-5 ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo ufafaze i-humus noma umquba phezu komhlaba (3 kg / m²) ngaphandle kokumba.

Ngesikhathi sokutshala, izithombo ze-leek kumele okungenani zibe namaviki angama-6-8.

Ukutshala izithombo

Kuhle ukutshala i-leek esimweni sezulu esinamafu, futhi uma usuku lushisa, ubheke kusihlwa. Inqubo imi kanje:

1. Hlehlisa umhlaba nge-rake.
2. Yenza:
3. izimbobo ezinobukhulu be-10-15 cm kubude be-15-20 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye kanye no-30-35 cm phakathi kwemigqa (scheme-imigqa emibili);
4. izimbobo ze-10-15 cm ukujula ebangeni le-10-15 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye no-20-30 cm phakathi kwemigqa (iphethini yemigqa eminingi);
5. imifino enobukhulu obungu-10-15 cm ubude obuyi-25-30 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye nama-40 cm phakathi kwemigqa.
6. Faka amahlumela ezitolo, usike 1/3 wezimpande zawo namaqabunga. Uma ulungiselele izithombo emabhodweni we-peat, bese utshala nawo, ngaphandle kokuthinta noma yini.
7. Fafaza ngomhlaba ngaphandle kokujulisa iphuzu lokukhula (indawo lapho isiqu sihlukana siba amaqabunga).
8. Gxilisa umhlabathi kahle ukuze kungabikho moya osusele ezimpandeni.

Ama-leek angatshalwa emigodini ngendlela yemigqa eminingi

Omakhelwane abahle bamalekisi izaqathi, utamatisi, ama-sitrobheni kanye neklabishi.

Ukutshala izithombo ze-leek emhlabathini (ividiyo)

Izici zesifunda zokulungiselela yisithombo

Uma uhlala esifundeni esibandayo futhi unquma ukutshala i-leek endaweni yangakini, bese ukhumbula ukuthi udinga ukuyikhulisa ngokusebenzisa izithombo kuphela. Udinga ukuqala ukuyipheka kusenesikhathi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-leeks anesikhathi eside sokukhula: adinga izinyanga ezingaba ngu-6 ukukhula nokukhula.

Njengoba ubona, ukulungiselela nokutshala izithombo zamaleki akunzima, futhi nabaqalayo bazobhekana nalolu daba. Hlwanyela imbewu ngesikhathi esifanele, feza ukunakekelwa kwezithombo okudingekayo, ukutshala kahle, futhi nakanjani uzothola isitshalo esinempilo futhi uzinikeze isivuno esihle.