IBlackcurrant ayisihlwabhi kuphela, kepha futhi iyi-berry ewusizo kakhulu, ngakho abalimi abaningi bathola indawo yamabhishi amaningana esizeni sabo. Futhi ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo, ngokuvamile kufakwa ohlwini lwe "izilimo zokutshala eziyimpoqo." Kepha isihlahla ngasinye sinesikhathi saso sokukhiqiza. Uma ngasikhathi sinye ufuna ukugcina izinhlobonhlobo, kuyodingeka uthenge izithombo ezintsha noma uthathe izithombo ezisitshalweni esidala. Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi enqubeni yokutshala ngokwayo, ingenziwa ngisho nangengadi ye-novice.
Kungenzeka yini ukutshala ama-currants amnyama entwasahlobo
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala ama-currants amnyama ngokwesiko kubhekwa njengokuphela kwehlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele sezulu esingaphansi, lesi sikhathi siqala kuze kube ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Isikhathi kufanele sibalwe ukuze okungenani izinyanga ezimbili zihlale ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala. Ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla, lesi sitshalo siyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha zokuphila, ebusika inhlabathi ezungeze izimpande iba mncane, entwasahlobo iqala ukukhula, isihlahla sithola masinyane uhlaza.
Ukutshala i-Autumn kubhekwa njengokuncono ngoba ehlathini lama-currant entwasahlobo aqala ukukhula kuqala, akha amahlamvu aluhlaza. Imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka eminyakeni eyishumi yesithathu ka-Ephreli noma ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaMeyi, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukuba sesikhathini. Uma iqabunga lehluma emagatsheni yaphenduka izigaxa ezibukhali eziluhlaza okotshani, kusenokwenzeka ukutshala ama-currants amnyama, lapho kuvulwa amaqabunga - sekuvele kungathandeki. Amabhishi anjalo kunzima kakhulu ukubekezelela ukucindezelwa okuhambisana nokushintsha kwezimo zemvelo.
Isikhathi sokukhiqiza isihlahla esimnyama yiminyaka engama-8-10, okungcono kakhulu kubo engifuna ukukugcina kusayithi
Noma kunjalo, ukutshala kwentwasahlobo ukuphela kwendlela yezifunda ezinamakhaza ebusika ayiqhwa kakhulu. Kulokhu, kunobungozi obungaphezu kwangempela bokubanda kwezimpande abasha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izithombo ze-currant ezithengiwe ukuwa kwangaphambilini zitshalwa. Iningi labalimi bathenga ngalesi sikhathi, ngoba ububanzi bukhulu kakhulu. Ungathenga izithombo zezinhlobo ezinqabile nezindlekile. Izitshalo ezinjengalapho zibiwa ukuze ebusika, sephuze kakhulu ukuzitshala. Ekupheleni kobusika, ngokuqinisekile basika wonke amagatsha atholakalayo ngamasekhondi amabili ukuvikela ukwakheka kwezinso ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Entwasahlobo, ama-currants atshalwa ekuqaleni ngangokunokwenzeka. Udinga nje ukulinda iqhwa liwe nenhlabathi inyibilike ngokuphelele (ekujuleni okungaba ngu-20 cm). Isikhathi esiqondile singashiyana ngesifunda. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile, kufanele ulinde kuze kube maphakathi no-Ephreli noma kuze kube ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Kwezimpawu zabantu, ezethembekile kunazo zonke ukuqala kwezimbali zama-dandelion.
Ilungiselela ukutshala izihlahla
Ukulungiselela ukutshala i-blackcurrant kuqala ngokukhethwa kwendawo efanelekile. Njengezinye izilimo eziningi zasengadini, uthanda imfudumalo nokukhanya kwelanga. Ngakho-ke, esihlahleni, bathola indawo evulekile, eyisicaba noma indawo eseduze nesiqongqo sentaba emnene. Awukwazi ukuwutshala ezindaweni eziphansi - entwasahlobo kunamanzi amade ancibilikile, ehlobo - umoya omnandi womswakama. Ebangeni elithile ukusuka emabeleni, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi kube nomgoqo wemvelo noma owenziwe umuntu owawuzowemboza usuka enyakatho, uwavikele emimoyeni ebandayo.
Ama-currants amnyama atshalwa lapho athola khona ukushisa okwanele nokukhanya kwelanga, ngaphandle kwalokho isivuno esiningi singenakulindeka, amajikijolo avuthiwe azonambitha omuncu
IBlackcurrant ngokuvamile ayiveli ngokuya ngekhwalithi yenhlabathi. Okuwukuphela kwento eyindilinga enzima kasilika, i-clayey, inhlabathi enomhlaza. Yize i-blackcurrant iyisiko elithanda umswakama (ngokwemvelo ikhula kakhulu ngasogwini lwemifula), ayikwazi ukubakhona endaweni yokubhukuda. Ngokuvamile, akufiseleki ukuthi amanzi asemhlabeni asondele ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi eduze kuka-1 m.
Uma ingekho enye indawo yesihlahla, yonke indawo engaphansi, ekhishwe emgodini wokutshala, kuzofanele ixutshaniswe nomthamo olinganayo wesihlabathi semifula emifudlana noma ukwakha indunduma enekuphakama okungenani okungama-0.5 m. Kepha inketho yokugcina ayiqinisekisi impumelelo. Lapho ufika "egqumeni", izimpande azivikelwe ngokwanele. Ngisho ukufudumeza akusona isiqinisekiso sokuthi lesi sitshalo sizophila, ikakhulukazi uma ubusika bunokhahlo futhi bungekho iqhwa.
Umgodi wokungena wembiwa ezinsukwini eziyi-12-16 ngaphambi kokwehla okuhlosiwe. Kwanele ngamasentimitha angama-60-65 cm ubukhulu nengxenye yemitha ngokujula. Ukumba ngokuqhubekayo akunangqondo, uhlelo lwezimpande lwe-blackcurrant luyinto engatheni, aluvamile ukungena emhlabathini ngaphezu kuka-40-45 cm. Izimbambo zingatshalwa emiseleni, zishiya phakathi kwazo kungama-20-35 cm.
Umgodi wokutshala wokutshala i-blackcurrant ulungiswa kusengaphambili ukuze izinhlabathi ezilungiselelwe, ukusukela isigamu kuya emasontweni amabili zanele
Ungqimba olungaphezulu lomhlaba olukhishwe emgodini (cm 15-20 we-turf evundile) lubekwa ngokwahlukana. Ixubene nomanyolo - amalitha ayi-15- 20 womquba obolile noma i-humus, ama-200 g we-superphosphate elula ne-120-140 g ye-potassium sulfate. Umanyolo wezimbiwa ungathathelwa indawo ngethangi lamalitha amabili womlotha wezinkuni ongafakwanga. Umquba omusha kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu ngokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen entwasahlobo akwethulwanga - owokuqala ungashisa izimpande, bese owesibili ekhuthaza ukwakheka okusheshayo kwesisindo esiluhlaza, “izimpande ezintekenteke” ezingakakwazi “ukuphaka”. Awusakwazi ukusebenzisa noma yimuphi umanyolo onokuqukethwe kwe-chlorine, ngokwesibonelo, i-potassium chloride. Leli siko le-microelement alithandi.
I-Wood ash - umthombo wemvelo we-potassium ne-phosphorus, umanyolo wemvelo ngokuphelele
Njengamahlahla amaningi amajikijolo, i-blackcurrant ithanda inhlabathi enama-alkaline kancane. Ngakho-ke, izinkomba ze-acidity yenhlabathi zidinga ukunqunywa kusengaphambili. Uma zingaphandle kwebanga le-5.0-7.0, ufulawa we-dolomite, ulamula oshelelayo, ikhiyamu echobozekile noma amagobolondo amaqanda anempuphu (350-500 g) afakwa kule ndawo engaphansi.
Ufulawa weDolomite ungenye yama-deoxidants ajwayelekile ukusiza ukunciphisa inhlabathi acidity.
Ingxube eqediwe ithululelwa emgodini wokufika, igcwalise cishe ingxenye yesithathu. Ukuze inhlabathi ingashabalali, umgodi umbozwe ngento ethile engavunyelwa ngamanzi, ngokwesibonelo, ishidi le-slate.
I-humus isiza kakhulu ukukhulisa ukuzala kwenhlabathi
Lapho utshala izihlahla eziningana ze-blackcurrant ngasikhathi sinye, ibanga phakathi kwazo linqunywa ngokuya ngokuchazwa kwezinhlobonhlobo. Zingaba namandla futhi zifiphale noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zihlangane impela. Njengomthetho, ezimweni eziningi, i-60-70 cm phakathi kwezihlahla eziseduze ne-1.8-2 m phakathi kwamarowu wokufika kwanele. Isitshalo esidala sidinga indawo ecishe ilingane nobubanzi bomqhele wokudla okunempilo. Kungcono ukubeka amakhasi ephethini le-Checkerboard - ngakho-ke wonke athole ilanga elanele.
Ukukhetha Izithombo
Izihlwathi kufanele zithengwe ezindlini ezikhethekile noma okungenani kubalimi abazimele abathembekile. Ukuthenga ngasesilinganisweni sezolimo noma esandleni kuyingozi enkulu. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi isihlahla esitholakele sizoba ngezinhlobonhlobo ezifanele, nokuthi imnyama esivulekile. Kungcono ukuthi i-nursery ibekwe endaweni efanayo nesakhiwo sengadi, noma enyakatho. Izitshalo ezinjalo sezivele zivunyelwe ukuhambisana nesimo sezulu esifundeni.
Imbewu eyodwa noma ezimbili ezineminyaka emibili ubudala zimila kahle kakhulu. Isitshalo esikhule ngokujwayelekile kulesi sikhathi sikhulise amagatsha ama-3-5 ubude obungu-15-20 cm nohlelo olunezimpande oluyi-fibrous 20 cm noma ngaphezulu ngobude. Ezitshalweni ezinjengalezi, ama-buds aqala ukwakha cishe kusuka kusisekelo amahlumela, izihlahla ziba "ziqabile" ngokwengeziwe, ezinomphumela omuhle ekufezeni izithelo ngokuzayo.
Lapho ukhetha i-seedcurrant yisithombo, ukunakwa okuyinhloko kufanele kukhokhwe kwisimo sezimpande
Womabili amagatsha nezimpande zezithombo ezinempilo ziyagoba, kepha ungahlukani. Amagxolo ezihlahleni kufanele aqhakaze, angabi manga futhi angakhonkothi, noma ngombala, ngaphandle kwamabala nokulandela okufana nokubola. Izinkuni ezingaphansi kwayo zimhlophe qwa, zingabi nsundu.
Kungcono ukuthenga izithombo ze-blackcurrant ebhodweni (enohlelo lwezimpande oluvaliwe). Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphambi kokungena emhlabathini kuzodingeka ukuthi zigcinwe njalo zimanzi futhi zivikeleke elangeni eliqondile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo ezitshalwe ngesigaxa sobumba zinezimpande ngokushesha futhi zingcono endaweni entsha.
Izithombo ezimnyama ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe ziyakhuthazelela ukufakelwa okungcono futhi zivele ngokushesha
Izindlela zokufakwayo nemiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ngokutshala izithombo nokusikwa kwe-currant emnyama. Ngisho nomlimi we-novice uzobhekana nale nqubo.
Ukutshala izithombo
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala ama-currants amnyama ekuseni yosuku olufudumele ngokulinganisela. Amabhasi atshalwe emlilweni, naphezu kokunisela okuningi, kuyaqabukela kuthathwe izimpande ngokushesha.
Cishe usuku ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande ezivulekile zezithombo ezimnyama kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela. Uma womile ngokucacile, anqunywa cishe ingxenye yesithathu futhi afakwe emanzini afudumele yasekamelweni amahora ayi-12-16. Ungasifaka esikhundleni sesixazululo se-pink esivele siphuzi se-potasium permanganate - ngesibulala magciwane noma isisombululo esibuthakathaka (3-5 ml selitha lamanzi) yanoma iyiphi i-biostimulator - ukuvumelana kangcono nendawo entsha. Kufanelekile, ngokwesibonelo, u-Epin, Kornevin, heteroauxin. Inketho engabizi kakhulu yi-succinic acid (amaphilisi ayi-2-3 ngelitha lamanzi).
I-Kornevin ingenye yama-biostimulants athandwa kakhulu akhulisa ukungatheleleki kwesitshalo futhi akusize ukwazi ukujwayela imvelo yakho entsha ngokushesha.
Ngemuva kwalokho izimpande zigxiliswa ingxube yomquba wezinkomo omusha nobumba lobumba. Ukuvumelana okuphekwe kahle kufana no-ayisikhilimu obukhulu. Ukuze isomile, izithombo zishiywe elangeni amahora amaningi.
Inqubo yokungena ngokwayo ibukeka kanjena:
- Ukusuka ezweni elivundile elihlanganiswe nomanyolo, kubunjelwa indunduma engama-20-25 cm ngaphansi komgodi wokutshala ophakathi nendawo. Kufanele iniselwe ngokulinganayo futhi ilinde kuze kube yilapho amanzi egcotshwa.
- Isithombo sibekwa ngaphezulu kwale ndundla nge-engela engaba ngu-45º ebusweni bomhlaba (ukuqondisa akusho lutho). Lokhu kuvuselela ukukhula ngokushesha kwezimpande ezintsha ze-lateral kanye nokuvela kwezimpande ezingeziwe ze-basal. Ukusuka ehlathini kusekwe ngokuqondile, kwakheka izitshalo "ezijwayelekile" ezinamagatsha ambalwa. Isikhathi sabo sokukhiqiza asiside kangako, umkhiqizo wabo ungaphansi. Qiniseka ukuthi uqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izimpande ziqondiswa phansi "emathambekeni" egquma. Lezo ezigoqwe noma zinamathele ezinhlangothini, udinga ukuqondisa ngokucophelela. Izithombo ezimnyama ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe ziyasuswa ebhodweni ukuze kulimaze kancane inhlama yobumba.
- Kancane kancane, ezingxenyeni ezincane, umgodi umbozwa ngomhlaba, usebenzisa inhlabathi eyakhiwe ngaphambili, engashiywanga muntu. Izikhathi ezithile, izithombo ziyanyakaziswa futhi zithothwe ngobunono nge-substrate ngezandla zakho ukugwema ukuvela "kwamaphakethe" womoya. Ngenqubo, qapha isikhundla sentamo yezimpande. Lapho umgodi ugcwala ubunji, kufanele ube ngu-5-6 cm ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlaba. Umthetho ofanayo uyasebenza emasimini amadala amnyama agqitshwayo - atshalwe ajule kunokuba akhula. Kulula kakhulu ukwenza lokhu ndawonye - omunye ugcina isihlahla sikulokho esidingekayo, elinye lithulule isigaqa bese liyifaka.
Lapho ukutshala, izithombo ze-blackcurrant zibekwa nge-angle - lokhu kuvusa ukwakheka kwezimpande ezintsha kanye namahlumela
- Ukugcwalisa umgodi cishe ingxenye, isithombo siyaniselwa, sichitha amalitha amanzi angama-5-7. Okunye ukuthambisa kuyenziwa, ukulala kuze kube sekupheleni futhi kuhlanganiswe inhlabathi ngonyawo lwakho. Bayinyathela ngokulinganayo, ibeka unyawo ngozwane kuya kwisithombo. Ukunisela kwesibili ngamalitha amanzi angama-20-25. Kuthululelwa emafulethini aminyaka yonke ezungeze isithombo. Esokuqala sakhiwa ebangeni elingama-20-25 cm ukusuka kuso, esisodwa noma ezimbili ngaphezulu - ngesikhawu esifanayo phakathi kwabo.
Lapho unisela isithombo esimnyama, amanzi athululelwa ngqo ngaphansi kwezimpande (ukuze angageuli inhlabathi kuwo), kodwa ngemifantu esetshenziswayo
- Ngemuva kokulinda aze amuntshwe amanzi, inhlabathi ifakwe emgodini, okwenza kube ungqimba lwama-cm angama-3-5. Ngale njongo, izidalo ezinqobayo, utshani obusanda kusungulwa, umquba noma i-humus kufanelekile. Kuyinto engathandeki ukusebenzisa utshani - amagundane ahlala kuwo. I-Sawdust isetshenziswa kangcono ukubola - i-acidify entsha enhlabathini.
I-mulch ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezimnyama isiza ukugcina umswakama enhlabathini futhi igcina isikhathi ekhula
- Igatsha ngalinye lisikiwe, kushiya amaqabunga amaqabunga angama-2-4 (cishe ingxenye yesithathu yobude). Ummese, isikhafu noma izithungu zokuthena izihlahla ezisetshenziselwe lokhu kufanele zilolwe futhi zenziwe sanit. Sika izingxenye zamahlumela zingafakwa amahora amaningi kusisombululo saliphi isishukumisi sezimpande futhi sitshalwe emthunzini ongatheni okuyingxenye, embozwe ngamabhodlela epulasitiki asikiwe. Amathuba wokuthi izimpande zawo ziphakeme ngokwanele.
Izihlahla ngemuva kokutshala kusiza izithombo ezimnyama ukuthi "zigxile" ekwakhekeni kohlelo lwezimpande
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-18-20 ngemuva kokutshala izithombo, ziyondliwa, kusetshenziswa umanyolo oqukethe i-15 g we-nitrogen ngaphansi kwesihlahla kwifomu elomile noma ngendlela yesisombululo (kumalitha ama-5 amanzi). I-Urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate ingasetshenziswa.
Isithombo esimnyama sitshalwe ngale ndlela
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho lapho betshala noma yisiphi isihlahla se-berry noma isihlahla sezithelo batusa ukubeka noma yisiphi isicucu esidala phansi komgodi wokutshala. Ekuboneni kokuqala, ukuncoma okunjalo kubonakala kumangalisa kakhulu, kepha ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi izihlahla ezinjalo zanda ngokushesha futhi zingcono. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa yephunga lomuntu oxosha imvukuzane nezimungumungwane, ebavimbela ukuthi bangawukhiphi nezimpande zemisipha.
Ividiyo: ungatshala kanjani izithombo ezimnyama ngokufanele
Izimbumbulu
Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-blackcurrant ngemisiko uma kuqhathaniswa nokutshalwa kwezithombo ezintsha kuyindlela ezuzisa kakhulu yensimu. Okokuqala, ungaqiniseka ngekhwalithi yezinto zokutshala. Ngakho-ke amahlahla athole izimfanelo eziphelele zesitshalo somama. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, ukunambitheka, usayizi wamajikijolo, ezinye izindlela ezibalulekile ziyaziwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Okwesibili, kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ungathola mahhala hhayi eyodwa, ukusikwa okungu-4-5.
Amahlathi amnyama lapho ukusikwa athathwa khona kufanele abe nempilo ngokuphelele, angabekwa uphawu ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuwa kokugcina
Kungcono ukungalungisi izinto zokutshala ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kodwa ukusika iziqalo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukuhlanganisa le nqubo kanye nokuthenwa okulandelayo. Kulokhu, akufanele ucabange ukuthi ungazigcina kanjani ebusika.
Kuphela kukhethwa ama-bush aphilile ngokuphelele "njengabanikeli". I-Shank - ingxenye ihlumela engu-15-18 cm ubude ne-6-7 mm ubukhulu. Kukholelwa ukuthi isikhathi eside, kungcono kuthatha izimpande futhi kuthuthuke (lokhu kuya ngenani lezakhamzimba ezikulo), kepha ngaphezu kwama-20 cm sekuvele kuningi. Bathathe engxenyeni engezansi noma ephakathi yehlumela. Ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi iziqongo azikhuli kahle.
Ama-cutcurrant asikiwe asikwa ngokuya ngemithetho ethile
Zinqume ngommese obukhali, ocacisiwe noma ohlanzekile. Isigaba esingaphezulu esiqondile sitholakala ku-1-1,5 cm ngaphezulu kwezinso lokugcina, elingezansi lenziwa nge-angle ka-45-50º. Isikhathi esikahle sokuvunwa kwezitshalo ukusika ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi, lapho amabhlunga okukhula engakaguquki abe “yizigaxa eziluhlaza”, kodwa esanda kuqala ukuvuvukala, akha “amehlo”.
Umsele ngaphansi kwezihlahla usikwe ekwindla. Ukujula okuphelele kungamasentimitha angama-20-25. Ingxube ye-humus ne-compost ebunjiwe ithululelwa ezansi (1: 1). Kwanele amalitha ayi-10 ngemitha ngayinye. Izilimo zitshalwa ngokushesha lapho inhlabathi inyibilika ekujuleni okugcwele komsele. I-wetter substrate, ngcono bazokuthatha izimpande.
Inqubo ngokwayo ibukeka kanjena:
- Khulula inhlabathi kahle emseleni. Inhlabathi eyomile kufanele iniselwe futhi ivunyelwe ukumunca umswakama.
- Fafaza ukusika okungaphansi kwesiqu nanoma yimuphi umgqugquzeli wempuphu oyimpuphu (Kornevin, Zircon).
- Ebangeni elingama-20-35 cm (lokhu kuya ngokuthi ihlathi lisatshalaliswa kanjani nokuthi linjani izinga lokukhula), beka ukusika kwephethini lokuhlola ekhoneni lika-45-50º ebusweni bomhlaba. Bangcwatshwa enhlabathini ngamasentimitha angama-3-4. Kusele izinso ezingama-2-3 kuphela ebusweni, esingezansi - ngaphezulu kwesiqalo uqobo.
Ama-cutcurrant asikiwe, njengezithombo, atshalwa ekoneni ukukhuthaza ukwakheka kwezimpande
- Thela izimbotshana ngokulinganisela Lapho amanzi egcotshwa, i-mulch “trunk Circuit” nge-peat crust noma ngomquba, okwenza ungqimba ube ngu-2,5 kuya ku-3 cm.I-mulch, esiza ukulondolozela umswakama enhlabathini, ingafakwa esikhundleni sefilimu emnyama yepulasitiki, yenze izimbobo zokusika kuyo. Akugcini ngokuba nezakhiwo ezifanayo, kepha futhi kuvimbela ukuvela kokhula.
- Uma kunobungozi bokuqhuma kwentwasahlobo okungabuyanga okujwayelekile endaweni enkulu yaseRussia, ukusika kufakwa embozweni ngamabhodlela epulasitiki asikiwe noma ngokuqinisa umsele nganoma iyiphi into esembozayo edlula umoya (lutrasil, agril, spanbond).
- Ehlobo, gcina inhlabathi isesimweni somswakama, emva kokunisela ngakunye, uyithukulule bese ukhula ukhula. Cishe kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ukuya kwezingu-20, ungangena ukunisela ukusika ngokufakwa komquba omusha wezinkomo, imidwebo yenyoni, imifino ye-nettle noma amahlamvu e-dandelion
Inhlabathi embhedeni enezimpande ezisikiwe ezimnyama kumele igcinwe inesimo esihle
- Ngo-ekwindla, izihlahla ezincane kufanele zakhiwe kusuka ku-cutways. Ziyafakwa ukuze zikwazi ukusinda ebusika ngokuphepha, kuthi entwasahlobo elandelayo zidluliselwe endaweni engapheli, kanye nezithombo. Njengoba ukusika kungafani ngosayizi, zingambozwa ngokuphelele ngamabhokisi amakhadibhodi, agxishwe ngemisiko, notshani, izingcezu ezincane zezindaba. Ekwindla, ungqimba lwe-mulch kumele luvuselelwe, silethe ukuqina kwalo kube ngama-5-6 cm.
Ukusikwa kwe-Blackcurrant kukhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ukuwa okulandelayo okunjalo sekungabe sekudluliselwa endaweni engapheli
Uma umlimi engaphuthelwa isikhathi sokusika izingilazi, ungasebenzisa okuluhlaza. Lesi yisiqongqo sento esencane, esinqunywe endaweni lapho inxenye enesizotha idlulela eluhlaza okotshani. Kulesi sigaba, igatsha ligobeka kahle, kepha uma ulikhipha ngamandla, liyaqhuma. Izinto zokuvuna zivunwa ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, mhlawumbe esimweni sezulu esinamafu noma ekuseni kakhulu.
Isiqu esiluhlaza, ngokungafani ne-lignified - lokhu kungaphezulu kwesibhamu esimnyama
Ubude obuhle besiqu esiluhlaza singamasentimitha ayi-9- 14. Kufanele kube namaqabunga ama-3-5 kuso. Ingaphansi elilodwa noma amabili angasuswa, ashiye ingxenye noma i-petiole eyodwa. Ukusuka ngezansi, isilayidi senziwa ibanga elingu-5-7 mm kusuka ezinsweni eziphansi, kusuka phezulu - ngokushesha ngaphezulu kweshidi lokugcina. Zombili kumele ziqonde.
Ukutshala ukusika okuluhlaza kwe-blackcurrant kunama-nuances athile
Isisekelo sokusika sihlanganiswa ngendwangu emanzi, bese sifakwa esikhwameni sepulasitiki. Le yinqubo edingekayo, noma ngabe ukufika kwayo kuhlelwe emahoreni ambalwa nje.
Inqubo ihluke kancane kulokho okunconyelwe ukusikwa okulungiselelwe:
- Emahoreni angama-20- 24, cwilisa isisekelo (ephansi ngo-1.5-2 cm) we-cutways kusixazululo se-heteroauxin noma i-indoline-butyric acid (1 g noma 5 g, ngokulandelana, ngama-10 l amanzi okushisa egumbini). Ukusuka ngenhla, isitsha esinabo simbozwe ngendwangu emanzi, okuthi njengoba isomile, ifafazwe ngesibhamu sokufafaza.
- Ku-greenhouse noma ku-greenhouse, bamba umsele ojulile ngo-10 cm. Thela isihlabathi somfula ohlanzekile noma ingxube yawo nge-peat crumb ngokulingana okulinganayo kuya ezansi, udale ungqimba olungama-4-5 cm. Nisela isendlalelo phansi ngobuningi bese uyivumela ukuba ifakwe kumswakama.
- Ebangeni elingama-8-10 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, tshala izithombo ezisikiwe, ukhulise ingxenye engezansi enhlabathini ngamasentimitha angama-2-3.7 cm asele phakathi kwemigqa. Atshalwe ngokuqinile.
- Mboza ukusikeka kusuka elangeni eliqondile ngamahlumela noma nge-gauze emanzi. Ungafafaza ingilazi ye-greenhouse noma i-greenhouse kule ndawo ngo nosimende we-lime ovela ngaphakathi.
- Emavikini langu-2,5 kuya ku-5,5, fafaza letisweli ngemanti afudumele tikhatsi letingu-3-4 nsuku zonke. Lapho nje amaqabunga amasha eqala ukubonakala, shintshela ekuniseleni okumaphakathi nsuku zonke. Njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ukuya kwezi-20, faka umquba ngamanyolo aqukethe i-nitrogen.
- Entwasahlobo elandelayo, ukusikwa okufakelwa emiseleni emoyeni ovulekile. Ekwindla zingahanjiswa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Ukusika okuluhlaza okotshani okune-izimpande okuvuselela amandla kukhulisa amathuba ukuthi azothatha izimpande
Ividiyo: ukusika kwe-midzi
Ukusakazeka ngokuhlelwa
Ukuzala kabusha ngokugoqa kuvumela ukuthi ungalimazi isihlahla ngokuthena. Ekwindla, izitshalo ezinohlelo lwazo oluphelele olwakhiwe zahlukaniswa nalo. Isikhathi esihle sokuqala inqubo inqubo maphakathi no-Ephreli (kuze kube yilapho zivulekile).
Ukuthola ama-bushcurrant amasha kusuka ekugqinelweni kuyindlela ethatha isikhathi kude nomlimi ukwenza umzamo
Le ndlela ilungele ukusakazwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-currant, kepha ezimpandeni ezikhulisiwe ezimnyama ziyavela phakathi nenkathi, ngokubomvu nokumnyama ungalinda iminyaka engama-2-3. Ngokwesilinganiso, izithombo ezingama-4-6 zitholakala kusuka ihlumela ngalinye.
- Bopha amanye amagatsha aneminyaka engama-2-3 ubudala, uwafake emhlabathini ezindaweni eziningana ngezingcezu zocingo olubunjiwe ngendlela yohlamvu U noma i-hairpins ejwayelekile. Kungcono ukuthi ugaye i-groove engu-5-6 cm ngokujulile ngaphansi kwabo, ugcwalise ngenhlanganisela ye-peat crumb, humus ne-compost ebunjiwe, ethathwe ngokulingana okulingana.
Njengomthetho, ihlumela elimnyama elinamathiselwe emhlabathini phakathi nehlobo linikeza ukwakheka okusebenzayo kwe-4-6
- Moisten the substrate kahle emseleni. Lapho amanzi egcotshwa, mboza ihlumela ngomhlabathi ofanayo onomsoco ngaphandle kokuwenza. Yize kunemibono ehlukene ngale ndaba - abanye abalimi batusa ukushiya i-groove ivuleke kuze kuvele amahlumela okuqala bese kuphela efafaza izimpande zakhe. Sika ingaphezulu legatsha ukuze izinhlamvu ezingama-6-8 cm zikhiphe emhlabathini.
- Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kokulanywa kuqukethe ukuthambisa okujwayelekile, ukhula nokukhulula umhlabathi. Isisekelo sezithombo, sifinyelela kubude obuyi-8-10 cm, sifafazwa ngeendlalelo zenhlabathi evundile (2-3 cm). Lapho zikhula ngenani elifanayo, inqubo iyaphindwa, iletha ukuphakama kwe "knoll" ku-7-10 cm.
- Eshumini lesibili likaSepthemba, usike ihlumela elisendaweni evundile nama secateurs. Izitshalo ezincane zisuswa emhlabathini bese ziyahlolwa. Labo izimpande zabo zikhule ngokwanele bangakwazi ukuthi badluliselwe endaweni enaphakade. Ezinye ezinye zembelwa ubusika, zisika wonke amagatsha ngesigamu, kanti entwasahlobo zitshalwa zikhule ngendlela efanayo nezithombo. Ekwindla zidluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Amanye amahlahla akhiwa kusuka kulwelwa lwe-blackcurrant angatshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo ekwindla
Ividiyo: Ukusakazwa kwe-blackcurrant ngokwenza
IBlackcurrant ithathwa njengesilimo esingenakuzithoba ekunakekelweni. Lokhu kusebenza futhi kuma-cuttings kanye nezithombo, okuthi, njengomthetho, kuthathwe izimpande endaweni entsha ngaphandle kwezinkinga futhi kuthele izithelo ngokuqinile emva kokufakelwa. Amabhasi amasha anika izimpande ngokushesha futhi athathwa ukukhula. Noma kunjalo, kunemithetho ethile okufanele uzijwayeze yona kusengaphambili futhi uyithobele, ikakhulukazi lapho usabalalisa isihlahla esibalulekile ngamajikijolo amakhulu amnandi noma lapho utshala isithombo sezinhlobonhlobo ezingekho.
