Akunakwenzeka ukutshala ingadi enempilo, ekhiqizayo ngaphandle kokulima izitshalo ezihlwanyelwe ngezilungiso ezihlukahlukene zezifo nezinambuzane. Naphezu kokuthi imakethe yanamuhla inikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zokulawula izinambuzane zezihlahla zezithelo, akuzona zonke eziphumelelayo, kanti ezinye ebiza kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, abalimi abaningi abanolwazi batusa ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama ezisekelwe isikhathi eside, eziyaziwayo nezabhajethi, enye yazo yi-iron sulfate. Esikhathini sokulima, i-iron sulfate isetshenziswa kakhulu, isetshenziselwa kokubili ukuvimbela futhi ngenhloso yokuqeda izifo eziningi zezitshalo, kuhlanganise nezifo ze-fungal, kanye nokuvikelwa kwezinambuzane ezinambuzane.
Kubalulekile! Kubaluleke kakhulu ukungadibanisi i-sulphate yensimbi neyethusi; lezi zinto zihlukile. I-iron ayisetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ingxube yeBordeaux. Futhi akunakwenzeka ukucubungula i-iron sulphate yamatamatisi namazambane.
Iyini i-sulfate yensimbi: ukwakheka nezakhiwo
I-vitriol ye-Iron, i-sulphate yensimbi noma i-sulphate ene-ferrous iyinyuwa etholakala lapho i-sulfuric acid ne-ferrous iron yengezwe ekuphenduleni.
Ekamelweni elivamile lokushisa kwemoya, into enesimo se-turquoise noma ama-crystals amancane aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka (i-pentahydrate). Inani lemisebenzi esebenzayo kulezi kristalu ngu-53%.
Lapho lisetshenziswa i-iron sulfate
Isixazululo se-sulphate esivundile sibonakala nge-asidi ephezulu, engabangela ukushisa uma kuhlanzwa emaqabunga aluhlaza. Ngenxa yalokho, ukwelashwa kwensimu nge-sulfate yensimbi kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma emva kokushiya amaqabunga ekwindla.
Kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla, imbangela eyinhloko yokutheleleka ngezifo zefungal isisetshenziselwa amaqabunga namagatsha ebusweni bomhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, entwasahlobo, hhayi kuphela izihlahla ezicutshungulwayo, kodwa futhi nomhlaba womhlaba ozungezile.
Ekwindla, kuzoba ngcono kakhulu ukuqoqa nokushisa phansi amaqabunga awela phansi kanye nezinsalela zezitshalo, futhi ugobe nxazonke zomuthi ngaphambi kokuphalaza izihlahla.
Kuzolimo, i-vitriol isetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile ezimweni ezinjalo:
- ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ama-cellar izindonga nezindawo zokugcina imifino;
- ukuphatha amanxeba nokuphatha izihlahla emithini;
- ukucubungula izitshalo nezitshalo zeberry ezibhekene nemisundu, i-lichen, isikhumba, njll;
- ukuze ukwelashwa kwama-roses kusuka ku-spotting;
- ukucubungula amagilebhisi;
- ukulwa nezinambuzane ezinambuzane;
- ekwelapheni isikhutha sangempela nesiphansi, kanye ne-anthracnose, i-coccomycosis, i-gray gray.
Ukuhambisana nezinye izidakamizwa
I-sulfate efrijini akufanele ixutshwe kulesisombululo esifanayo ne-organophosphate insecticides ("Karbofos", njll), kanye nezinye izidakamizwa ezibola ngaphakathi kwe-alkaline medium. Awukwazi ukuxuba i-vitriol nge-lime.
Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa: ukuhlushwa nokusetshenziswa kwe-sulfate yensimbi
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi emithini emincane amagxolo alula kakhulu kunabantu abadala, ukuze bakwazi ukucubungulwa kanye kuphela, entwasahlobo. Izitshalo abadala ziphathwa kabili: entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
Ngezinhloso ezehlukene kunezilinganiso ezithile, okumele zilandelwe ukuze kufinyelelwe umphumela omkhulu.
Ukulwa nezifo zefungal
Ukuze ukwelashwa kwezifo ze-fungal sebenzisa isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-ferrous sulfate, ngezinga lika-30 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Ukuphalaza kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi ezingu-2-3, njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-7.
Against chlorosis
Ukwelashwa kwe-iron sulfate kusiza ukulwa ne-chlorosis, engenzeka ezitshalweni ngenxa yokuntuleka komanyolo noma ukungabi nensimbi. Ukuze silungise isisombululo sokulwa ne-chlorosis, 50 g we-sulfate ye-iron kufanele ichithe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.
I-sprays yenziwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-4-5 kuze kube yilapho umbala ohlaza wamaqabunga ubuyiselwa. Ukuze kufezwe ukuvimbela okuvimbelayo, kudingeke ukuba kube nokuhlushwa okuphansi: 10 g we-iron sulfate ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.
Against mosses kanye lichens
I-sulphate ye-iron izosiza futhi ukuqeda ama-lichen kanye nezinsiza, okuvame ukuthelela izihlahla ezindala. Isilinganiso sokwelashwa kwezihlahla zezithelo ezivela emanzini nasezikhungwini: 300 g we-sulfate enezinsimbi ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Kudingeka ukuhlushwa okunamandla ukuze kutholakale izihlahla zembewu. - 500 g we-sulphate yensimbi ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.
Ukuqothula izihlahla ngensimbi sulfate
Ukuze ukwelashwa amanxeba, ukuphahlaza, ukusika izingxenye zamagatsha, i-100 g ye-sulfate yensimbi kufanele ihlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi futhi iphathwe nesisombululo sezicubu ezihlaselwe izihlahla.
Ukulimaza izitshalo zeberry
I-iron sulfate yokuvikela izitshalo ze-berry - ama-raspberries, i-currants, ama-strawberries, i-gooseberries, njll, isetshenziswe esilinganisweni se-3%. Isixazululo esitholakalayo ngesilinganiso sika 300 g sulphate yensimbi ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi sipholwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi ekhulayo.
Ekubeni, i-iron sulfate ihle kakhulu kwezihlahla zezithelo ezifana nalezi: i-sweet cherry, i-peach, i-apula, iplamu, i-cherry ne-pear.
I-Vitriol yokupuniza amagilebhisi
I-sulfate ye-Iron iyisimemezelo esikhulu samagilebhisi, ngoba sinomqondo owodwa: kubambezela ukukhululwa kwefihlekile cishe isonto. 
Ngakho-ke, uma isiko sibhekwa nesisombululo sika 3-4% se-sulfate esivundile ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi ekhulayo, lokhu kuzosiza ukusinda ngesikhathi sehlobo lokushisa kwama-frost nama-drops of temperatures. Kuyinto okubaluleke kakhulu kumagilebhisi, uma kusetshenzwa ezinsukwini ezingu-5-7 emva kokususa indawo yokuhlala yasebusika.
Izindleko ezilandelayo zinconywa ukuphatha amagilebhisi ngensimbi sulfate:
- Ukwenziwa kwentwasahlobo emva kokususa indawo yokuhlala yasebusika - 0.5-1%
- Ukubhujiswa kwama-microorganisms kanye nezinambuzane, njenge-mildew, i-oidium, umsila wamagilebhisi, njll - 4-5%
- Kusuka emanzini nase-lichen - 3%.
- Ukulwa ne-chlorosis - 0.05%.
- Ukucubungula ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuphesela ebusika - 3-5%.
Uyazi? Ngaphezu kwalokho konke okungenhla, ngosizo lwe-sulphate yensimbi, kungenzeka ukuqeda iphunga elibi emasimini nasemifinini yemifino ngenxa yezindlu zangasese zasehlobo. Lungisa isisombululo se-500 g ngalinye ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi uphinde uwafake izindlu zangasese kanye nendawo ezungezile.
Ukuqapha lapho usebenza nomuthi
I-vitriol ye-Iron yinto eyingozi kakhulu, ukuze ingalimazi abantu nezitshalo, kumele uhambisane nemithetho kanye nokuqapha lapho usebenza naye.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo nezincomo zemingcele. Ukugxila okunjalo njenge-5-7% kungasetshenziswa ngokuqinile ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokukhula noma ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga, ekwindla. Uma kunesidingo sokusebenzisa i-sulfate yesiliva phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, kufanele kusetshenziswe ukuhlushwa okungaphezulu kuka-1%.
Ingahlanjululwa kuphela ezigayini noma eziplasini., qiniseka ukugqoka amagilavu nokugwema ukuthintana nomzimba ngesikhumba nesikhumba somswakama.
Ngokuvamile, akuyona into enobuthi, ngokungafani nethusi, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kwayo okulungile kungaba yisivikelo esihle segridi engadini.
