Isikhathi esingaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu, iStrawberry festival ijabulele ukukhiqiza kwayo kwalimi abalimi kuzo zonke izifunda zaseRussia. Amajikijolo akhula kahle futhi athela izithelo eNyakatho-ntshonalanga eqandayo, eCaucasus enelanga, eSifundeni Esimnyama Somhlaba naseSiberia enokhahlo. Izinhlobonhlobo zitholakala ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni, kepha amaphutha ayaqhela ngemuva kwesizinda sobuningi bamajikijolo amnandi futhi amahle.
Imvelaphi kanye nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
Ngo-1926, amakhilomitha angama-30 ukusuka eLeningrad, kwahlelwa isiteshi sokuhlola iVavlovsk VIR. Le nkampani isebenza namhlanje, ibhekelela kakhulu ngokuzalanisa, ukukhiqiza kabusha, ukuthola imbewu ekhethekile yemifino, yokuhlobisa, ifolishi, izithelo, nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ngo-1954, kulesi siteshi, ngenxa yokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili ze-sitrobheli sasendle, i-Obilnaya noNdunankulu, izithombo zomkhosi zatholakala. Umbhali nginguMfundi Wokubhalwa Kwezolimo Yezolimo Yu. K. Katinskaya. Izinhlobo ezintsha zangena ezivivinyweni zombuso ngonyaka we-1958, kwathi ngo-1965 kwafakwa kwiRegional State of Selection Achievements, njengoba kunconyelwe ukulinyelwa ezifundeni eziyisishiyagalolunye zaseRussia:
- Enyakatho;
- Enyakatho-ntshonalanga;
- Maphakathi;
- UMhlaba oMnyama oMaphakathi;
- I-North Caucasian;
- I-Middle Volga;
- ILower Volga;
- ENtshonalanga Siberian;
- I-East Siberian.
Umkhosi nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zibizwa ngephutha ngokuthi ngama-sitrobheli. Kepha ngokwezimpawu zayo ze-botanical, isiko sitrobheli esikhulu esinezithelo. Kusezingeni lika-sitrobheli wasendle ukuthi uMkhosi ubhalwe kuRejista Yombuso.
Ividiyo: injani ifrashi lomkhosi
Izici zezinhlobonhlobo ze-sitrobheli i-festivalnaya
Ukuvuthwa okuhlukahlukene. Amajikijolo okuqala ahlabelelwa kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi, kuya ngesifunda. I-fruiting yinde, isivuno siqoqwa ngezigaba eziningana. Isihlahla mude, sinamandla, kepha sibumbene. Ukusuka ngaphansi kwamaqabunga kuhlala kuboniswa kahle amabhulashi amajikijolo. Ama-peduncle, amadevu, ama-petioles amaqabunga - aminyene, anamanzi. Amacembe aluhlaza omnyama, ama-clove achazwe ngokucacile emaceleni. Amajikijolo abomvu, acwebezelayo, avame ukungahambisani ngesimo: o-conical, oyindilinga, one-trapezoidal, onesibopho. Eyokuqala, enkulu kunazo zonke ikhule ibe ngu-35 g, bese ikhula incane. Ngakho-ke, isisindo esiphakathi kwesibeletho singama-g 10. Ama-achenes awacindezelwe esikhunjeni, atholakala phezulu. Uginindela ubomvu, ubomvu, unoshukela. Ochwepheshe abanambitha bakala njengabahle.
Amajikijolo omkhosi kuvame ukuba nomumo othambile ongatheni, isikhumba sawo sicwengekile, ama-achenes awacindezelwe
Ukutshala i-Strawberry
Isikhathi sokutshala sincike ekutholakaleni kwezinto zokutshala endaweni yangakini. Isibonelo, izithombo zokubeletha zaseNtshonalanga yeSiberia, amadevu we-sitrobheli athengiswa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi ngoJulayi - Agasti. Uma unegama lakho lengoma, bese unaka isici esisodwa soMkhosi - amadevu awo avela ngaphambi kwamajikijolo. Uma ungazisusi, uzolahlekelwa esithelweni. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukutshala ama-sitrobheli akho ngemuva kokuvuna, mhlawumbe ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, lapho kuqala isikhathi semvula.
Izithombo ezinesistimu yezimpande evaliwe kulula ukuthatha izimpande
Imvamisa kunconyelwa ukwabiwa indawo enelanga yazo zonke izilimo zezithelo nezama-berry, kepha iTravelnaya, njengama-sitrobheli amaningi, ikhula kahle emthunzini osesilinganisweni, ngokwesibonelo, ngaphansi komqhele osabekayo wamaapula nezihlahla zamaparele. Musa ukutshala ama-sitrobheli ngemuva kwamazambane, utamatisi, ama-raspberries. Vikela komakhelwane nabo. Lezi izilimo zithinteka yizifo ezifanayo kanye nezinambuzane njengama-sitrobheli. Lungisa umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala ngokwemithetho ebekiwe. Fafaza amabhakede ama-1-2 we-humus noma womquba kanye nezinkomishi ezi-2 zomlotha ngokulinganayo 1 m². Uma ingekho into e-organic, thenga umanyolo we-organic we-sitrobheli wasendle: UFertika, Gumi-Omi, u-Agros, u-Ogorodnik, iqabunga le-Pure, njll.
Ividiyo: Ukutshala i-sitrobheli
Isikimu sokutshala singama-50x50 cm, kepha ama-60x60 cm ayakhona, khona-ke izihlahla ezikhulile ngeke zivalwe ngamaqabunga, kepha zizothuthukiswa zivela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.
Ukutshala ama-sitrobheli kungahunyushelwa ngegalikhi noma u-anyanisi. Izitshalo ezingomakhelwane zizothola ukunisela nokugqoka okuphezulu kanye nama-sitrobheli. Ngenxa yalokho, usuka esivandeni esisodwa ngemizamo efanayo nezindleko uzothola umphumela owengeziwe - isivuno esihle sika-anyanisi noma sikagalikhi. Emibhedeni e-sitrobheli ungakhula izitshalo ezinephunga elicashile izinambuzane: i-dill, imbewu ye-caraway, i-pharmacy chamomile, i-calendula, ama-marigolds amahle, njll.
Ukuqeda ukhula, ukugcina umhlabathi umswakama, ukugwema izifo ezibolile zegrey, imibhede imbozwe ngezinto zokumboza ze-opaque ngaphambi kokutshala, ufafaze imiphetho bese wenza izimbobo zezithombo. Enye inketho ukubeka lo mulch, ozosebenza ungqimba phakathi kwamajikijolo kanye nomhlabathi. I-hay noma utshani ilungile.
Ukunakekelwa Strawberry
Izici zezinhlobonhlobo: isihlahla esinamandla, amajikijolo amaningi, amadevu amaningi. Umkhosi ubekezelela kahle ubusika bangeziqhwa. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu yokulinyelwa endaweni eyodwa, isivuno siyancipha. Udinga ukukubheka lokhu lapho unakekela.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-festivalnaya zikhiqiza kakhulu, izithungo zezimbali ngaphansi kwesisindo samajikijolo zilele phansi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukukhulisa lesi sitrobheli emibhedeni embozwe ngezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe
Ukunisela
Ama-Strawberry athande amanzi, kufaka phakathi amaqabunga, nenhlabathi engaphansi kwawo kufanele ihlale inomswakama. Izimpande zalesi berry zitholakala enhlabathini engenhla engama-30 cm, ukuthambisa kuyadingeka kuze kube yilapho umhlaba umanzi kuze kube yilokhu kujula. Ngaphambi kokukhula kwamajikijolo nangemva kokuvunwa (ngoMeyi, uJulayi kanye ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti), ufafaze, ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuvuthwa kwezithelo nasekwindla, amanzi ngaphansi kwempande. Ama-Strawberry adinga amanzi isizini yonke:
- entwasahlobo - ekukhuleni kwamaqabunga amasha;
- ehlobo - ukulayisha amajikijolo;
- emva kokuvuna nasekwindla - ukubuyisa amandla nokubekisa amabhukumaka efihlekile wezimbali konyaka olandelayo.
Ama-strawberry adinga ukuniselwa njalo, ngaphandle kwamakhefu amade, avimbele ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba ukuba lome. Ngenxa yokuntuleka komswakama ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10, isivuno sonyaka wamanje nesilandelayo sincishiswa kakhulu. Kulesi sitshalo, ukunisela okwenziwa ngamaconsi kubhekwa njengokufanele.
Ividiyo: ukuchelela ngokuchelela ama-sitrobheli asendle
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Akunakwenzeka ukuba sitrobheli okweqile, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzokhula amahlamvu amakhulu, anamanzi futhi anomusa, kukhanga izinambuzane kanye nesikhunta se-pathogenic. Isihlahla esinjalo singaba yiqhwa ebusika, asitshaleli imbali kuphela. Kwanele ukondla umkhosi izikhathi ezine ngesizini, hhayi njalo ngezinsuku eziyi-10-14, njengoba besho emaphaketheni enomanyolo:
- Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho nje amathanga emhlabathini, uthele isixazululo se-urea (50 g ngamalitha ayi-10) noma i-ammonia (2 tbsp. Ngamalitha ayi-10).
- Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, fakela ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi onama-microelements, ngokwesibonelo, i-OMU Fertika yama-sitrobheni kanye nesitrobheli (15-30 g nge-10 l) noma ukumfaka okunetiyela kwe-nettle nolunye ukhula (1: 5 ngamanzi).
- Ngemuva kokuvuna, phinda ukugqoka kwangaphambilini, okungukuthi, umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi noma ukumnika amakhambi.
- Ekwindla, chitha ngaphansi kwezihlahla uphinde uhlangane nomhlabathi we-40 g we-superphosphate no-20-40 g we-potassium sulfate nge-1 m top noma ushise izimbiza zamazambane ezicebile ngezinto zokulandela umkhondo, ikakhulukazi i-phosphorus, ukhulula ingilazi yomlotha ebhakedeni lamanzi bese uthele.
Unyaka noma emibili ngemuva kokutshala, lapho isisekelo sezihlahla siqala ukukhuphuka ngaphezu kwenhlabathi, izimpande ziveziwe, engeza i-humus noma umquba ngaphansi kwama-sitrobheli.
Izihlahla izihlahla kanye amadevu
Kuyo yonke inkathi, susa ophuzi, omiswe, amaqabunga omile, futhi unempilo, kepha amadala, aphansi alala phansi futhi angenwa yisikhunta kuwo.
Ngisho noma ikhule ngaphezulu kwembozo, amaqabunga aphansi ama-sitrobheli ngokuvamile aphenduka aphuzi futhi omile
Kunezincomo ngemuva kokuvunwa kokunquma wonke amahlamvu ukuze izifo nezinambuzane ezivela emaqabungeni amadala zingadluleli emaqabini amancanyana, akhula futhi emva kokuhluma. Kepha ukusebenza okunjalo kwenza buthaka ehlathini, amaqabunga amancane ayonakaliswa, i-photosynthesis ayithinteki. Ukucheba nokushisa wonke amahlamvu kukufanele ezimweni ezimbili kuphela:
- Kunama-sitrobheli amaningi, akunakwenzeka ukubheka ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye bese usika amaqabunga amadala.
- Cishe wonke amaqabunga atheleleka ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni.
Nge amadevu, isimo esifanayo. Kufanele futhi uzinciphise njalo, njengoba zivela. Ukususa ngokushesha, ijusi eliningi lizoya ekuvuthweni kwamajikijolo bese libeka efihlekile ngonyaka olandelayo. Kepha uma umgomo uwukusabalalisa ama-sitrobheli, bese ukhetha izihlahla ezikhiqiza kakhulu ususe izithungo zazo zezimbali. Ngemuva kwalokho isitshalo sizonikeza amadevu amaningi futhi sihlakulele ama-rosette aqinile kuwo.
Ividiyo: ungahlukanisa kanjani isihlahla sowesifazane kowesilisa
Izifo Nezinambuzane
I-festivalnaya ine-average yokumelana nezifo.
Ithebula: izifo, izilokazane nezindlela zokulawula
| Izifo, inkathazo | Incazelo | Izindlela zokulwa |
| Indawo emhlophe | Amacembe ambozwe izindawo ezimhlophe eziyindilinga ngomngcele onsomi noma obomvu. | Izifo ze-fungus ziqongelela emasimini amadala. Izinyathelo zokulwa nazo ziyefana.
|
| Ibala elinsundu | Amabala, amabala ansundu, angenamakhasi avela emaqabungeni aphakathi kwemithambo. Zikhula, zihlangane, amaqabunga ayoma. | |
| Ukulimala okufika lapho | Isihlahla sikhula kabi, kusala emuva ngemuva kusuka ekuthuthukisweni, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, amajikijolo amancane aboshwe, ambozwe izindawo ezomile ezinsundu. Uma ugaya isihlahla esinjalo, lapho-ke ungabona izimpande zombala obomvu, lapho usikiwe nawo upendiwe ngombala wezitini. | |
| Ukubola okumpunga | Amajikijolo ambozwe ngenhlanganisela eluhlaza grey, bese abola. Lesi sifo sikhula esimweni sezulu esimanzi futhi singabhubhisa ngaphezu kwengxenye yesilimo. | |
| I-Strawberry mite | Inkathazo eyingozi futhi ecasulayo, okunzima kakhulu ukuyisusa. Izinambuzane eziyimicroscopic (0,2 mm) zihlala ezingxenyeni ezintekenteke kakhulu zama-sitrobheli asendle afihlwe ngaphakathi kwesihlahla: ezinhliziyweni, kumaqabunga ezimbali, efihlekile, emacembe amancanyana. Ngenkathi efudumele, izizukulwane ezingama-4-5 ziyakhula. Imikhaza imunca ama-juices, isitshalo asikhuli, sibukeka sicindezelwe. Amajikijolo mancane, amaqabunga awonakali, ansundu futhi awomile. |
|
| Okusajingijolo kanye sitrobheli weevil | Isinambuzane esincane (2-3 mm) sitholakala kalula ngekhala lakhe elide - i-proboscis. Ngosizo lwalesi sibhebhu sekhanda, insikazi ifohla ukuqhuma futhi ibekele iqanda elilodwa ngaphakathi ngakunye. Izibungu zidla okuqukethwe. Amahlumela okuqala ahlupheka, kusuka lapho amajikijolo amakhulu kakhulu angakhula. Kuze kube isikhathi sokusakazwa, ama-weevil adla ngamaqabunga, ngakho-ke umzabalazo kufanele uqalwe isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. |
|
Igalari yezithombe: izifo nezinambuzane zama sitrobheni
- Izimpawu zokubona ibala elimhlophe: amabala amhlophe ayindilinga anomngcele we-burgundy
- Amabala ansundu, omile wesimo esingajwayelekile akhombisa ukutheleleka ngokubala okungu-brown
- Impande enempilo esigabeni imhlophe, futhi itheleleke nge-blight sekwephuzile ithola izithunzi zokugqwala
- Amajikijolo ambozwe ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-grey bola kwe-mycelium.
- Isihlahla esithintwe yi-sitrobheli mite siphelelwa amandla, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, abe buthaka futhi omile
- Ngokushesha ngemuva kokushiya ubusika, ama-weevil adla amaqabunga
- Umuntu angabona okungathuthuki, okungamisiwe okuhlanganisiwe okuthintwe yi-weevil
Shelter ebusika
Umkhosi wethulwa esifundeni saseNyakatho-Ntshonalanga, ngakhoke, ubonakala ngokuqina okuphezulu kobusika. Uma esifundeni sakho esisekupheleni kwekwindla - ukuqala kobusika iqhwa eliningi liwa, khona-ke asikho isidingo sokumboza ama-sitrobheli. Kuyafuneka ukwesabe uma sekuvele kunguDisemba, kuba nesithwathwa ngaphandle, kepha alikho iqhwa. Kulokhu, qiniseka ukumboza imibhede ngamagatsha e-spruce spruce, usike amagatsha ama-raspberries, ama-gooseberries, ama-agrofibre asongwe ngezendlalelo eziningana nezinye izinto zokuphefumula. Entwasahlobo, lapho nje iqhwa liwa, susa indawo yokuhlala, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-sitrobheni angavuthwa futhi abole. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyingozi kakhulu ukungafukeli intwasahlobo kunokukufaka ekwindla.
Ividiyo: indawo yokukhosela yama sitrobheli ku-dill ne-calendula
Umkhosi Wokuvuna
Isikhathi esimnandi kakhulu lapho kukhula uMkhosi uza ngoJulayi. Qoqa amajikijolo okulala njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-1-2, kungakhathalekile ukuthi isimo sezulu sinjani. Kepha emakethe, ezokuhamba nokugcina (azikho ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-2 esiqandisini), kuphela ama-sitrobheni akhethwe ekuseni lapho amazolo esehlile futhi amajikijolo angakashiswa yilanga afanelekile.
Umkhosi muhle ngamafrimu. Amajikijolo amancane okugcina omisiwe bese engezwa ethepheni. Izinhlobonhlobo zilungele ukulungiswa kwamalungiselelo ebusika: ujamu, amakhompiyutha, ujamu. Ukwelashwa okuwusizo futhi okumnandi kakhulu ebusika ama-sitrobheni amasha, aboshwe noshukela. Iningi ligcwele izitsha zepulasitiki futhi zigcinwe efrijini. Abathandi botshwala obumnandi balungiselela ukusuka kotshwala bomsitho, ama-tinctures, ama-liqueurs.
Isitsha esidumile - ama-sitrobheni ngo-ukhilimu - asisihle kakhulu, kepha sinambitheka ngendlela engajwayelekile
Ukubuyekezwa Kwebanga
Thina, ezweni likaVoronezh, siyawuthanda uMkhosi ... Emakethe, ngigxila eqinisweni lokuthi uma umuntu ethatha ibhakede eMkhosini, ahlukanisa ngokushesha okukhulu. Kepha ezivandeni kuncane futhi kungaphansi.
BABENKO//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=46&t=598&start=1125
Sine-festivalnaya eyodwa ehlukahlukene ethengiwe enkulisa isikhathi eside. Amadevu avuselelwe. Ngake ngatshelwa e-nursery ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo ze-festivalnaya yiyona efaneleke kakhulu kumhlabathi ongewona omnyama - ayihehi futhi ayimanzi.
Konovalova Anastasia//frauflora.ru/viewtopic.php?t=5807
Ngiye ngathola kaninginingi ukuthi phakathi "kwamadevu" athathwe ezinhlotsheni ezindala zohlobo lwe-festivalnaya, kukhona izihlahla ezingakhiqali zezimbali futhi zinikeza "amadevu" kuphela ngamanani amakhulu. Bahlala bebukeka bakhulu futhi benamafutha kunabanye, babizwa ngokuthi “abayiziwula” esigodini, angazi ukuthi kuchazwa kanjani ukubukeka kwabo, kepha lokhu akuwona ukhula. Cishe kukhona okufuze okuthile.
i-currant//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=396899
Izinhlobonhlobo eza kithi zivela ezikhathini ezingamaSoviet ezikude. Kuyathakazelisa abalimi abangazithandi nzalo zesimanje zamaDashi ezinamajikijolo amakhulu kakhulu, aminyene futhi amnandi. I-festivalnaya iyinhlangano efakazelwe kahle enezithelo eziphakathi nendawo futhi ezimuncu. Amandla okuthela izithelo kakhulu ezimeni zezulu zanoma yisiphi isifunda saseRussia yisizathu sokuthandwa okukhulu kwalesi sitrobheli futhi kusiza ukubekezelela konke ukushiyeka kwaso.
