Mhlawumbe zonke izitshalo ezikhanyayo zinezilinganiso eziphansi ezinesizotha. I-rose, i-peony. Ama-Cherry anama-cherries. Emthunzini wama-raspberries amnandi, ubhulashi obumnyama. Kuyamangaza ukuthi kungani kukhula: amajikijolo anamanzi, izinongo zomzimba zinkulu, izihlahla zikhulu futhi ziyenyuka. Lokhu akunjalo. Amajikijolo abucayi avuthwe lapho ama-raspberries esehambile. Ngalesi sikhathi, sengivele ngifuna enye into. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-blackberry ezingaphansi kwama-raspberries kumaswidi - i-Agavam isondele kuma-raspberries kokuqukethwe ushukela, futhi yeqa ngisho nangokwamanye amavithamini. Futhi ingabe lokhu okuphindwe kabili kunesizotha noma umane nje “uyihhashi elimnyama”?
Umlando wokukhula we-Agaveam blackberry Izinhlobo
Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi lapho ngijwayelana nezinhlobonhlobo, kwaqhamuka inhlanganiso enegama elithi "wigwam." Njengoba kwenzeka, amaNdiya ngempela kufanele ahlobane nalolu hlobo lwe-blackberry. Umsunguli uJohn Perkins (Ipswich, Massachusetts) waqamba izinhlobo ze-blackberry ukuhlonipha isizwe sakwa-Agawam eminyakeni eyikhulu namashumi amahlanu edlule. Kusukela ngo-1865, ngaphezulu kweminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili, ukuhlukahluka kuye kwabhekwa njengokuhamba phambili ekusebenzeni okuvela ezinhlotsheni zokuqala ze-blackberry eMelika. Ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo, ukukhiqiza, ukunambitheka okulinganiselayo nokwakheka kwamajikijolo, sekusabalele ukukhiqizwa ngezinga lezimboni. Kusukela ngo-2006, i-blackberry Agawam ifakiwe Kwirejista Yombuso kusukela ngo-2006, futhi wonke umuntu ubhalwe njengesifunda sokufinyelela - ukusuka eNyakatho kuya eMpumalanga Ekude.
Incazelo yebanga
Amajikijolo i-Agawam yizinhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa. Lokhu ukuhlukahluka kophudingi. Amajikijolo asetshenziselwa ukucubungula nokubanda. Isihlahla asibonakali, sisilinganiso esiphakathi. Ama-Shots awela njenge-arch, awugqinsi, ekusikeni anezinhlangothi ezinhlanu. Amahlumela wonyaka wokuqala aluhlaza-nsundu, amahlumela athi biennial ansundu. Isihlahla esinamahlwili. Ama-spikes aminyene, ansundu, aphakathi ngosayizi, agobile phansi. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani obukhulu. Izimbali zikhulu, zimhlophe, ziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence, ziphakathi kanye, ziyazithuthukisa. Ukuqhakaza nezithelo ze-Agawam kunwetshwa isikhathi, ngakho-ke isivuno sivunwa ngezigaba eziningana.
Izimbali eziqhakaza i-Agawama zibukeka zinesizotha
Amajikijolo awindilinga, aphakathi ngosayizi, anesisindo esingu-4,5-5.0 amagremu. I-peduncle imfushane, imincanyana kancane. Amajikijolo angavuthiwe aluhlaza, avuthiwe omnyama, amnandi futhi omuncu, ehlobo elishisayo kunoshukela omnandi, onephunga elimnandi. Izithelo ziyadliwa. Isibalo sokunambitha samajikijolo amasha ngamaphuzu angama-3.5, ngemuva kokucutshungulwa - 4.0.
Isihlahla se-Agawama sihlala sithokozisa umlimi onekhono ngesivuno
Izici zezinhlobo ze-blackberry izinhlobo i-Agawam
Isilinganiso esijwayelekile singamaphesenti ayi-99.8 amajikijolo ngehektha ngalinye. Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi ayisishiyagalombili, ama-agave agcine ubuholi phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni zama-amajikijolo aseMelika ngekhulu le-19 nelama-20 ngenxa yokukhiqiza, ukumelana nesithwathwa nokungazethembi. Amabhasi abekezelela amafrimu amafushane afike ku-25-30 mayelanaC, akudingi indawo yokuhlala ebusika, ikhule kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi. Izithelo zilingana kahle ezindaweni ezikhanyisiwe nezinezihloko.
Ividiyo: Izinzuzo ze-Agavam
Emthunzini, ukuthela izithelo kuhamba kancane sekwedlule isikhathi. Izitshalo zibekezelela ukushisa kubi kakhulu. Banokubekezelela kwesomiso okuphakathi. Vele, ehlobo elishisayo ngokunisela okulinganiselwe, amajikijolo azoba mnandi kakhulu, kepha lokhu kuzothinta usayizi wamajikijolo. Kodwa-ke, ngama-waterlogging kanye nokuqina kokutshala, ama-bush angathinteka yi-didimella (amabala ansomi), namajikijolo - ngokubola okungwevu. Kulokhu izinambuzane, i-weevil yenza kabi kakhulu ezihlahleni ze-weevil (weevil).
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-Agaveam ijikijolo
I-Didimella noma i-purple spotting iba nomswakama ophezulu ezindaweni eziqinile ezitshalwe ngamajikijolo amajikijolo kanye nopelepele. Lesi sifo sidalwa yisikhunta i-Didymella applanata fungi. Amahlumela amasha, inzalo, ama-petioles kanye nemiqumbe yesitshalo kuthinteka kakhulu. Amahlamvu awathinteki kakhulu. Ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, kuvela amabala onsomi esiqwini. Kwakhiwa izimbali ezingaphansi kwesitshalo, i-ovary ayakheki. Izinso ziyoma ngaphandle, i-foci ye-necrosis ivela emaqabungeni, ziyoma bese ziwa.
U-Didimella ushaya amajikijolo kanye nama-raspberries
Ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwamabala ansomi kulandela izincomo ze-agrotechnical:
- amahlahla amancanyana ahlanzekile;
- amahlumela ahlume ngemuva kokuvuna asuswe ngokushesha;
- ngokuhamba kwesikhathi khipha futhi uchithe izitshalo ezibuthakathaka nezigulayo;
- chitha ukhula ezungeze izihlahla;
- ekwindla, amaqabunga awileyo ayasuswa futhi ashiswe;
- entwasahlobo, ama-bush aphathwa ngokucophelela nge-2% solution ye-sulfate yethusi noma ye-Bordeaux.
Lapho ama-bush akhiwa kuma-trellises, ubungozi bokutheleleka ngefungus kuncishiswa kakhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, iziqu zicishe zicishwe, zisuse wonke amagatsha aphansi. Futhi ingxenye engenhla yesihlahla ihlala igcwele, futhi lokhu akuyithinti isivuno.
I-Grey rot (iBotrytis cinerea) nayo ibangelwa isikhunta. Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa ngesimo sokubola okungwevu kumajikijolo, yize kuthinteka zonke izitho zasemoyeni zesitshalo. Ukwelashwa, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ze-antifungal:
- IRovral Aquaflo;
- Shintsha
- Amasango;
- I-Teldor;
- Horus.
Onke ama-fungicides anobuthi kuya kwelinye izinga noma kwelinye kubantu, anegazi elifudumele nezinyosi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa lezi zidakamizwa ngokuhambisana nemiyalo. Ukuncoma okujwayelekile kufaka ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza noma ngemuva, ukuze kungabangeli ukulimala kwezinambuzane zokuqubuka impova, ukwelashwa ngesimo sezulu esizolile hhayi sezulu.
I-ejenti ebangela ukuvuvukala grey iba masishaleli kumgciwane othize, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka kaningi ukushintsha izidakamizwa noma ukuhlanganisa ukwelashwa ngezindlela zokulawula: engeza ukugxila kokuncintisana kwesikhunta okungeyona eye-pathogenic Trichodermin enhlabathini.
Ukubola okumnyama
Ukutshala izihlahla ezinempilo endaweni entsha kunikeza umphumela omuhle. Futhi ezindaweni ezithintwe phambilini yi-pathogenic fungi, imifino iyatshalwa: i-solanaceous, anyanisi, ugalikhi, amakhambi abilayo. Izincomo ze-Agrotechnical zokuvimbela ukubola okungwevu ziyafana nalezo zokuvimbela i-didimella. Ngokuhambisana namazinga ezolimo nokujikeleza kwezitshalo okujwayelekile, kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwezifo.
Izinambuzane zama-amajikijolo kanye nama-raspberries zivamile, kepha ikakhulukazi i-Agave zithintwa yi-weevil. Leli bhungane lingama-2-3 mm ngosayizi, limnyama-nsundu emilenzeni emide emide. Mabhungane besifazane abadala babeka amaqanda ema-pedicel. Izibungu zebhungane ezisishwabadela zidla amagalani, ngakho-ke isivuno sezihlahla ezithintekayo siyancipha. Isizukulwane sesibili samabhungane sivela ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi, sidla amaqabunga ezitshalo eziningi, kanye nokuqala kwamaqabunga esimo sezulu esibandayo ebusika. Ubhungane ubusika ezindaweni ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi nangamaqabunga awile. Lapho uqeda imfucumfucu yezitshalo ngaphansi kwezihlahla, izinambuzane nazo ziyabhujiswa. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu wezinambuzane, kusetshenziswa amalungiselelo okuvikela amakhemikhali ohlobo lwe-Aktellik.
I-Weevil - isitha esikhulu se-blackberry Agwam
Izici zokutshala nokuhlakulela izinhlobo
Amajikijolo atshalwe zombili ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Bemba imigodi yokutshala engu-60x80 ngobukhulu kanye nokujula kwama-60 cm. Ama-amajikijolo akhetha inhlabathi evundiswe kahle, ngakho-ke ngokushesha afaka ibhakede le-humus noma umquba emgodini, wezipuni ezimbili noma ezintathu ze-superphosphate, uhhafu we-litre yomlotha, uhlanganise konke, utshale isihlahla, unisele kanye ne-mulch humus kusuka phezulu. Lapho-ke ukhula luyakhululwa futhi luniselwe uma kunesidingo.
Ividiyo: Mayelana nokukhula kwe-Agawam Blackberry
Kubalulekile ukunaka ukwakheka kwesihlahla. Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa umkhawulo wokukhula kwamahlumela, cindezela iziqongo. Kulokhu, i-fruiting inkulu, futhi amajikijolo makhulu, futhi ukuvuna kulula. Sika izihlahla entwasahlobo. Lapho izihlahla ekwindla, amagatsha alimele angaba nzima kakhulu. Ehlobo, emva kokuvuna, amagatsha aqandayo anqunywa masinyane, ngoba kuzokwakhiwa isivuno esisha esikhundleni sezithombo.
Enye yezinzuzo ezingenakufinyeleleka yezinhlobonhlobo ukumelana nesithwathwa, sibonga ukuthi ngamabibi amajikijolo ngaphandle kwendawo ebusika ephephile. Ukushiswa komoya wasentwasahlobo, okubhebhethekiswa ngumoya, kubangela inkathazo encane. Kepha ngisho lokhu kungalungiswa ngokusoka okwengeziwe kwezindawo ezithintekile.
Amajikijolo asatshalaliswa inzalo noma izimpande, ngokuphonsa amagatsha aqothulayo, kamuva, lapho ezimpande, ahlukaniswa nesihlahla sikamama. Kwezinye izimo, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa umkhawulo wokusakazeka okusheshayo kwe-Agawam.
Ukubuyekezwa
IBlackberry Agawam yahlala iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu eyedlule. Imvelaphi yezinhlobonhlobo ayaziwa ngokuqinisekile. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukuhlukahluka kutholwe ngokubumbana phakathi kwezinhlobo zaseMelika ezikhula zasendle. Amajikijolo alezi zinhlobonhlobo, lapho esevuthiwe ngokugcwele, amnandi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwe-acid. Okungavuthiwe kunotshani kunokumuncu. Igama lezinhlobonhlobo lihlotshaniswa nezithelo ezimnandi ze-agave.
Ibhulashi le-Agawam alilikhulu. Isisindo esijwayelekile sayo ngu-3 g, njengoba kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-raspberries. Noma kunjalo, isivuno siphakeme ngokungenakuqhathaniswa. Isihlahla esidala seminyaka emihlanu singakhiqiza amajikijolo angaphezu kwama-10 kg. Isihlahla sesitshalo siqondile. Amahlumela angafinyelela kubude obungamamitha ayi-2,5. Amaphethelo amahlumela ayaqothuka. Uma ubukhulu bamajikijolo bungaphansi kwezinye izinhlobo zama-amajikijolo atshaliwe, khona-ke lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo ezingamelana kakhulu nesithwathwa. Amahlumela awo akhuthazela kuze kufike ku-30 degrees C.
I-berry imnyama nge-sheen ecwebezelayo. Ukwakheka kwe-drupe esele yamiswa ngesimo sesigaxa esincane esincanyanewe. Ebhulashi elixubhayo ayi-10-12 amajikijolo. Amahlumela wokufaka esikhundleni anamandla, afakiwe. Ukudubula kwabantu abadala kunesigaba sesiyingi esiyindilinga. Okokuqala, amahlumela aluhlaza okotshani, ngokufika ekwindla iba bomvana bese kuba nsundu. Ama-spikes ekuhlumela ayivelakancane, kepha ahlala isikhathi eside, awugobile kancane. Kukhona izikhala eduze komthambo ophakathi wamaphetshana amaqabunga, ngemuva kweqabunga.
Iqabunga lesitshalo liyahlobisa. Amapuleti amaqabunga aphambuka emisebeni emihlanu esuka endaweni evamile njengeqabunga lomvini wamantombazane noma isifuba sehhashi. Ipuleti ngalinye lomugqa likhulu kunalokho, lisesimweni esifana nesikebhe esinomva oyindilinga nomnsalo obukhali kakhulu, owakhiwa kusuka ezinhlangothini zombili ezihlanganayo zama-arcs.
Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza ngezimbali ezinkulu ezinombala omhlophe, siqoqwe ngamabhulashi aqondile. Isihlahla siqhakaza kahle futhi ngobudlova. Izimbali ezishintshashintshayo zokuxubha kuzo zonke izindlela ngomuthi kaKhisimusi. Amajikijolo avuthwa kanye ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.
Le nsimbi emnyama ayithinteki izifo. Ngokungafani nama-amajikijolo amaningi, inikeza inzalo, yona iphindaphindeka ngayo. Ukubeka i-Apical kungasatshalaliswa uma ukufakwa esikhundleni okwenziwe ngamabomu kuphuma, kepha ukubamba imbamba kungahambi kahle. Amaphesenti ayishumi kuphela ahlukaniswa izingcambu, futhi ngisho nangemva kwesikhathi akhula kabi. Uhlelo lwezimpande zezinzalo luvame ukungakhiwa. Ukuthola izithombo ezijwayelekile, udinga ukukhula esikoleni.
I-Yakimov. Kuvela: Samara//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=63
Ukunakekela ijikijolo kucishe kufane nakumajikijolo. Ngenkathi izihlahla zincane futhi zingakenzi izithelo, ama-clippings amahlumela awakhiqizwa. Lapho izithelo ziqala, ngonyaka ngemuva kokuvunwa, amahlumela athela izithelo (amahlumela lapho isivuno sivunwa khona) ayanqunywa. Basikwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqoqwa. Kushiya amahlumela wokubuyiselwa esikhundleni - lokho, okuzoveza izithelo ngonyaka olandelayo. Kuvele amahlumela okubuyiselwa komhlaba emhlabathini ngoMeyi - Juni. Ngakho-ke, isihlahla sivuselelwa minyaka yonke. Ukuthathwa kwemifino sekusanda kuqala kumabhasi akho, amajikijolo ambalwa akusona isivuno, mhlawumbe kusenezimbali eziqwini, ngakho-ke zama ukusishiyela ihlobo.
Kuyadingeka ukumboza amahlumela asele ngemuva kokusika ubusika, ngaphandle kokuphikiswa yiqhwa. Noma ngabe izinhlobonhlobo zinobusika impela-ziqinile futhi amahlumela engabandi, amaqabunga ezimbali abucayi kakhulu kubandayo, okuwukuthi, isihlahla esikhuliswe kahle, esimi ngomumo singase singakhiqizi izitshalo noma sikhiqize amajikijolo ambalwa ngenxa yokuqandiswa kwamaqhakaza wezimbali. Ukwahlulela ngokuthi amanye amahlathi akho anamandla, akulungele ukwenziwa izithelo. Ukungagcini izihlahla ebusika, uma uNovemba engenalo iqhwa, futhi iqhwa lingaphansi kuka-20 degrees C, kungaholela ekuqothulweni kwezingxenye zezindiza zezinhlobo ezithile.
I-Yakimov. Kuvela: Samara//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=63
Yebo, i-agave iyamangaza. Yebo, izinhlobo zaseningizimu ngokuqinisekile zizoba zinhle, zikhulu futhi cishe zonke ngaphandle kwameva eningizimu yazo. Kanye nama-apula, ithini lamapheya, amagilebhisi, ama-apricots nakho konke-konke. Kepha ngokwezimo zethu, lokhu kungukuphela kwezinhlobonhlobo ezingashiywa zivulwe ekwindla futhi zingakhohliswa ukuthi isivuno sizokuba ngonyaka olandelayo noma cha. Ukuvuna kuzoba. Iziqongo zizobanda futhi yilokho. Ngokuqondene nokunambitheka kwamajikijolo, khona-ke, njengoba wazi, ukunambitheka akuxoxwa. U-Agawam uyangibukela. Izingane zigibela emeveni, akukho okungamisa.
Hare. Kuvela: eMoscow naseTaldomsky esifundeni saseMoscow//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=4856&start=150
Umyeni wami akazange angivumele ukukhipha i-Agavas: uthanda ama-raspberry amaningi. Ngakubopha ameva. Ngifunde umkhangiso futhi nginqume ukuwufaka nge -lessless, ngawuthatha kumakhelwane, ngoba wakhwela engadini yakhe. Wathengisela ama-raspberry amnyama futhi wangiqinisekisa ukuthi i-blackberry lakhe alitholakalanga. Lokhu kuwa, ngaya ngokuqondile kusayithi lakhe ngokusebenzisa isixhumanisi se-chain-link, ngibukeka: wonke amajikijolo akhe ngaphansi kwe-spadbond. Ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi kusesekuseni kakhulu ukuhlanza ama-Agaves. Abafuni okuhle kokuhle.
la la Kuvela: eMoscow//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=4856&start=150
Phakathi kwabalimi, impikiswano evuthayo mayelana nezinzuzo zama-raspberries ngaphezulu kwama-amajikijolo, mayelana nokukhethwa kokukhula kwezinhlobo zesimanje ze-sitrobheli ezingathandeki ezihlobene nalabo abanobuthi, ayicimi. Konke lokhu kuthokozisa kuphela: kusho ukuthi kukhona uzungu; kukhona okuzomtshala; futhi kukhona labo abalungele ukudla lokho okutshalwe esizeni. Konke kudliwe ngenkathi, futhi amalungiselelo ayakhukhulwa!
