Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezifo ku-utamatisi. Ulwazi ngabo kuzoba usizo kubo bonke abakhula utamatisi ukuze bathole isivuno esihlwabusayo, esinempilo nesivulekile. Namuhla sibheka izifo ezivame kakhulu zamatamatisi ongase uhlangabezane nazo.
Izifo ze-bacterial of utamatisi: izimpawu, izindlela zokulawula
Izimbangela zezifo ze-bacteria ku-utamatisi yi-bacteriosis ehlukahlukene, okuholela ekufeni kwezitshalo, ekunciphiseni kwezithelo zazo kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo zamatamatisi. Ukunqotshwa utamatisi ngamabhaktheriya akuncane kakhulu kunezigciwane kanye nefungi.
Ukuhamba ngamagciwane
Lesi sifo sishaya amaqabunga, kancane kancane izithelo neziqu, futhi kalula ziphuma phakathi kwezinye izifo zika utamatisi zibukeka. Ekuqaleni, amaqabunga ahlanganiswa namafutha amaningi, kanti isikhathi siba mnyama. Ububanzi balezi zindawo buwu-2-3 mm. Ngenxa yalokho, amaqabunga awela futhi afe. Imvelo eyanelisayo yokuthuthukiswa kwe-bacterial mottling ukushisa okuphansi kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Izifo zengculazi zingagcinwa kulezi zimbewu kanye nasezimpandeni zokhula oluhambisana nalokhu, zingaba khona enhlabathini okwesikhashana emhlabathini. Lesi sifo asivamile, ngokubonakala kwayo kubalulekile ukuphatha izitshalo nge-fungicides ene-copper kanye ne-Fitolavin-300. 
Umdlavuza wesibindi
Lesi yisifo esibangelwa yi-bacterium esihlasela sonke isitshalo. Amahlamvu aphelile kuqala. Ku-petioles kubonakala ngokubhebhetheka kubaktheriya - ukukhula okubomvu. Esigabeni sokusika, ingqikithi engenalutho ephuzi ibonakala kahle. Izithelo ziphanga kokubili nangaphakathi. Amabala amhlophe akhiwa ngaphandle kwezithelo zotamatisi, ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwebhaktheriya imbewu iyathinteka: ingabe ingathuthukiswa noma izoba nokuhluma okuncane. Lokhu ukutheleleka kuqhubeka embewu, emhlabathini nasemasimini okutshala uma izitshalo zikamatamatisi zikhulile njengezimila. Ukuze uvimbele utamatisi wakho ekunqobeni isifo esinjengomdlavuza we-bacterial, imbewu iminywe ukumiswa kwe-TMTD ngosuku lokutshala, futhi ngenkathi ekhulayo, izitshalo zihlanjululwa nge-fungicides ene-copper. 
Kubalulekile! Ukucubungula ngamalungiselelo anjalo kwenziwa kuphela esimweni esomile nesifudumele, ukuze amahlumela omatamatisi abomile.
I-bacterial wilt
Uma izihlahla zezamatamatisi zakho ziqala ukuqala, khona-ke lesi yisibonakaliso sokuqala sangaphandle sokubonakaliswa kwe-bacterial wilt. Izimpawu zokubilisa zingabonakala ngisho nakubusuku bonke, konke kuhamba ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi ukungabi nomswakama akuyona umbuzo emazweni anjalo. Uma ubheka izitshalo ezifile ngokuningiliziwe, ungabona ukuthi kukhona uketshezi ngaphakathi kwesiqu nokungabi nalutho, futhi izicubu zangaphakathi zesitshalo ziba nsundu. Lesi sifo cishe asikwazi ukuphulukisa. Izitshalo ezithintekayo kuzodingeka zibhujiswe, futhi zonke ezinye izitshalo, ezingenayo izibonakaliso zesifo, kunconywa ukuba zimanzi ngesisombululo se-0.6-1% se-Fitolavin-300 (okungenani 200 ml ngaphansi kwesitshalo ngasinye) ukuze kuphuze ukutheleleka kwezihlahla ezinempilo. 
Umdlavuza womsuka
Esinye sezifo ezingavamile zika utamatisi. Izimpande zezitshalo zigcwele ukukhula okuncane, kanti amabhaktheriya agxila ngaphakathi kwawo. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngezitshalo zenkomba (isib. Izithombo zama-pea, i-kalanchoe). Kusukela ngomzuzu lapho ukutheleleka kuye kungena emzimbeni wesitshalo, futhi kuze kuvele izibonakaliso zokuqala, kudlula izinsuku eziyi-10-12. Umhlabathi oyinhloko wokuzalanisa lesi sifo uthinte izitshalo nomhlabathi. Ukuze ugweme umdlavuza we-tomato wezimpande, kufanele uzame ukulimaza izimpande zotamatisi ngendlela encane ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba i-causative agent yalesi sifo ikwazi ukuvuza kuphela ngamanxeba amasha. Enye yezindlela zokubhekana nomdlavuza wezimpande ukuqhuma kwenhlabathi, njengoba i-pathogen ifa ngesikhathi sokuqhuma. Ukugxilisa izimpande zezithombo zika utamatisi esisombululo se-Fitosporin-M (2-3.2 g ngalinye 1 litre lamanzi) kuzophinde kusebenze. 
I-Wet Fruit Rot
Ukubola okumanzi akusizi ngalutho ezitshalweni zokushisa zika utamatisi futhi akuvamile ukutholakala ekusebenzeni, kodwa kubangela ukulimala okukhulu kumatamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile. Izithelo zingabamba lesi sifo uma kunomonakalo omncane, omncane. Izithelo ezigulayo ziyancipha, ziphendukele ezimnyama, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zibolile ngokuphelele, futhi kuphela isikhumba esisele sesithelo. Ama-bacteria yalesi sifo ahlakulele kahle emswakeni ophezulu, amachiza okushisa nokushisa + 30ºС. Ukutheleleka kusakazwa yizinambuzane ezivela kwezinye izitshalo ezithintekile. 
Kubalulekile!Ukulwa nokubola okumanzi yilezo zinhlobonhlobo nezinhlamvu zika utamatisi, okuyizinto zokukhiqiza izakhi zofuzo.
Indlela eyinhloko yokubhekana nokubola okumanzi emkhakheni ukubhujiswa kwama-vectors ezinambuzane.
I-Necrosis yesisekelo se-stem
Isifo se-bacterium, esibi kakhulu. Owokuqala ukuhlushwa yi-necrosis yiziqu zezitshalo ezithuthukile kahle ngesikhathi kwakhiwa ama-brushes wokuqala nezithelo. Iziqu zimbozwa izindawo ezinsundu, ziqhekeka emva kwesikhathi, amaqabunga aphilile, kanti isitshalo sifa, kuyilapho izithelo zingenaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa. Umthombo oyinhloko walokhu ukutheleleka imbewu enesifo, kanye nezitshalo nezitshalo. Ukushisa okuphezulu kwe-pathogen ukukhula kungukushisa kwe-26-28ºС, futhi ku-41ºС amabhaktheriya ayafa. Izihlahla ezinesifo se-necrosis kufanele ziqothulwe (kushisa kangcono), futhi inhlabathi kufanele iphathwe nesisombululo se-0.2% se-Fitolavin-300. 
I-spotting emnyama ebhaktheriya
Lesi sifo singabhubhisa kuze kufike ku-50% yesitshalo, futhi izithelo ezisele zilahlekelwa isethulo nezakhiwo zabo. Izimila ezigulayo nama-bacteria anjalo zibonakala zingathuthuki futhi zibuthakathaka. Amachashazi asekelwe kuzo zonke izitho zamatamatisi, ngaphandle kwezimpande. Amabala abe mnyama ngesikhathi, futhi lesi sifo siqhubeka ngisho nangaphezulu. Ukushisa okuphansi akuyingozi kula ma-bacteria, kodwa bafa ngo-56ºС. Ukutheleleka kudluliselwa ngembewu enesifo kanye nokutshala izidakamizwa. Kumele ukhethe imbewu, ngoba amabhaktheriya embewu angaphila iminyaka eyodwa nengxenye. Imbewu enezinhlayiya Fitolavin-300. Kunconywa ukuthi izitshalo zilashwa (emva kwamasonto amathathu kuya kwamane emva kokuhluma, ngokuvama kwezinsuku ezingu-10-14) ne-1% ye-Bordeaux ingxube ne-cartocide. 
Kuyathakazelisa EFrance, ngekhulu le-14, utamatisi abizwa ngokuthi "ama-apula othando", eJalimane, "ama-apula eparadesi", naseNgilandi ayebhekwa njengobuthi.
Izifo ze-utamatisi ezincelisayo: izimpawu nokulawula
Izifo ze-utamatisi ezibangelwa yi-utamatisi zibangelwa amagciwane ahlukahlukene (amagciwane) futhi ayingozi kokubili izitshalo ngokwazo kanye nokuvunwa esizayo.
I-Aspermia (engenambewu)
Ebonakalayo, i-aspermia inganqunywa ukuthi i-plantiness ephakeme yesikhulumi, yizitho ezikhiqizayo ezingapheliyo kanye nesimo esibuthakathaka. Izimbali zikatamatisi zikhula ndawonye, amaqabunga abe amancane futhi ashintshe umbala. I-Aspermia idluliselwa yizinambuzane noma ngokusebenzisa izitshalo zokugcina. Iyakuthinta izitshalo ezizimele, i-asrovye nabanye. Ukuze uvimbele i-aspermia ekusakazeni, kuyadingeka ukususa izitshalo zokugcina futhi ubuthi izinambuzane zezidakamizwa. 
I-bronze
Igciwane lesethusi liba yingozi nakakhulu ngonyaka odlule, yonke isitshalo singafa kuso. Izitshalo ezigciniwe zokugcina ifilimu nasensimini yizona ezimbi kakhulu. I-bronze inqunywa ngamatamatisi ngamaphethini endandatho ezitsheni ezincane, ezihamba kancane kancane. Esikhathini esizayo, izindawo ezifanayo ziyabonakala emaqabunga omatamatisi. Kanti futhi ngezikhathi ezithile zingase zife eziqongweni. Lesi sifo sisakazwa yi-thrips noma ngezindlela zomshini. Le gciwane ayiphathwa, kepha ayinakwenziwa ekushiseni kwe-45ºС. Izindlela ezinqumayo zokubhekana nethusi - ukubhujiswa kwe-thrips nokukhishwa kokhula. 
I-Yellow Curly
Izithwali zalesi sifo - i-whiteflies. Lezo zitshalo ezithinteka yilesi sifo ekuqaleni kwenkathi ekhulayo zibukeka zifushane, ama-chlorotic, amaqabunga ahlanzekile futhi amancane, futhi izitshalo zingenemibala engafani. Ezitshalweni ezikhuthele kakhulu ngokuvamile azibophe izithelo. Ngokuphathelene nezindlela zokulawula, kungcono ukutshala izinhlobo ezinamathelisi ezinqabile, ukubhubhisa ukhula, ukucubungula izitshalo ngamafutha omaminerali ukuze unciphise ukusakazeka kwesifo. 
Ukuphakama okuphezulu
Leli gciwane lingase libe yingozi futhi lidluliselwa ngembewu, ama-aphid kanye nemishini. Izimpawu zayo zokuqala ziqala ukubonakala ngisho nasebusika. Okokuqala, amachashazi amhlophe afaka amaqabunga, bese eqala ukuthola umbala omnyama obomvu futhi abangele i-necrosis. Amacwecwe amashidi ahlanganiswe futhi akhishwe. Amaqabunga aphansi ezitshalo emva kwesikhathi esithile aguquka kusukela esiteshini ngeso lengqondo. Izitshalo ezinjenge-spindle ezithintekile yili gciwane ziye zinyuka, amaqabunga amaqabunga aqala ukuphenduka okwesibhakabhaka, futhi iqabunga ngokwalo liba lukhuni. Igciwane lifa ekushiseni kuka-75ºС. Amakhemikhali nama-biological ukuvikela ngokumelene ukuqhuma phezulu phezulu okwamanje. Kuqhutshwa kuphela ukuqhutshwa kwe-agromechanical. Kunconywa ukuba ukhiqize izithombo ezigulayo ezinkathini zokuqala, nezitshalo ezigulayo - ngesikhathi sokukhula. 
UMose
I-Mosaic ingenye yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, kunalokho ezingathandeki, ezithinta kakhulu utamatisi ezikhulile emhlabathini ovulekile. Cishe u-10-14% wezitshalo ufa kusukela kumongo. Lizimpande zotamatisi abagulayo zimbozwe ngombala ohlukile (umbala), nezindawo eziluhlaza ezikhanyayo ezihamba nabo ezihamba nabo. Ngezithelo, ukuhlunga okwesibhakabhaka kungase kuthuthuke ngezinye izikhathi. Umthombo wokuqala wale ukutheleleka kukhona imbewu egciwane. Ngakho-ke, njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kungcono ukhethe imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala, kodwa uma utamatisi usagula ngalokhu ukutheleleka, khona-ke umane ususe. 
Amafayili eLeaf
I-agent ye-causative yalesi sifo iholela ekuthuthukiseni izitshalo nokomiswa kweziqongonga. Isitshalo, uma sinegciwane, sifeza cishe ngokuphelele. Amaqabunga okugaya ama-filiform nama-ferns. Lesi sifo sisakazeka ezitshalweni zezinqolobane, eziningi kakhulu, futhi ngosizo lwama-aphid. Ngokuqondene nezinyathelo zokuvikela, ziyi-agrotechnical kakhulu. 
Uyazi? Amaphesenti angama-93% asekhaya eMelika ngamatamatisi. Lona yimifino ethandwa kakhulu lapho.
Izifo ze-fungal of utamatisi: izimpawu, izindlela zokulawula
Izifo ze-fungal of utamatisi - ezivame kakhulu. Isici sabo esiyinhloko ukuthi singathinta ngokuphelele noma yikuphi ingxenye yamatamatisi futhi cishe akalokothi aphulukise.
Alternaria
I-Alternaria iyisifo se-fungal esithinta iziqu, amaqabunga futhi kancane kancane izithelo utamatisi. Ekuqaleni, lesi sifo sinamathelela emaqabungeni aphansi, ahlanganiswe nezindawo ezinkulu ezinobumba obuhlaza nxazonke. Lezi zindawo zikhula kancane kancane, kanti amaqabunga amathe utamatisi ayomile. Iziqu zimbozwa amabala amakhulu amancane ama-oval anezici ezifanayo, okuholela ekuboleni omile noma ekufeni kwesitshalo. Izithelo, ngokuvamile esiseduze ne-stem, zakha kancane izindawo ezimnyama, futhi uma kunomswakama okweqile kulezi zindawo, ama-sporites ama-velvety ama-forus avela. 
Lesi sifo sikhuthazwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu (25-30 ° C). Ngenhloso yokuvimbela, ekuboniseni kokuqala kwesifo ku-utamatisi, kubalulekile ukuwaphatha ngama-agent antifungal ane-copper. (Skor, Ridomil Gold, nabanye); uma lesi sifo sibonakala, lapho izithelo sezivele zilenga, kuyadingeka ukuphatha nge-biopreparations.
I-Anthracnose
I-Anthracnosis ku-utamatisi inhlobo ezimbili - izithelo namaqabunga. Ukulimala kwalo kuzobe kunqunywa yizimo zokukhula. Lesi sifo sisakazwa kabanzi ezindaweni zokugcina izitho zefilimu, futhi akukho ngaphansi komhlaba ovulekile. Utamatisi we-Anthracnose ushiya izitshalo ezivame ukugula. Ekuqaleni, amaqabunga aphezulu ayoma, i-stem ephakathi ivuliwe, izimpande ziyi-macerate, nesitshalo siphume kalula. Izingxenye ezithintekayo zalesi sitshalo zihlanganiswe ne-sclerotia encane emnyama.
Ngokuqondene ne-anthracnose yezithelo, izithelo zigcwele amabala omnyama ocindezelekile, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kungase kube nokuminyaniswa kwezithelo. Ukuze kuvikelwe i-anthracnose, kunconywa ukuphatha imbewu nge-Agat-25, futhi ngesikhathi sokukhula izitshalo kufanele zifakwe nge-Quadris neStrobe; izidakamizwa ezisekelwe ku-bacillus ye-hay nazo ziyasebenza kakhulu.
Indawo emhlophe (septoriosis)
Cishe ingxenye yesivuno ingafa kusukela ku-septoria. Ezimweni eziningi, amaqabunga endala ayathinteka, atholakala phansi. Ifomu lezinhlayiyana ezihlukene kuzo, ziphendulela ezibomvu, zenzeke futhi zime. Okuhle kunakho konke, ukukhanya okumhlophe kuvela emazingeni okushisa kusuka ku-15ºС kuya ku-27ºС nomoya we-humidity kusuka ku-77%. I-fungus igcinwa emahlathini esitshalo. Ukulwa ne-septoria kungenziwa ngokususa izinsalela zezitshalo, ukhiphela izitshalo ezithathelwanayo nge-fungicides, ukugcina ukujikeleza kwezitshalo nokuhlukaniswa kwendawo phakathi kwamatamatisi kanye nezinye izitshalo ezinomsoco. 
Ukubola okumhlophe
Ngokuvamile ukubola okomhlophe ku-utamatisi kubonakala ngesikhathi sokugcina. Izithelo zigcwele izindawo ezifakiwe ezimanzi. Cishe njalo, lesi sifo senzeke ezindaweni lapho utamatisi eye wonakaliswa khona. Eqinisweni, ukubola okumhlophe kukhula kahle ekuqhekekeni kwezicubu zesisu. Umhlabathi kanye nomquba kukhona imithombo eyinhloko yokutheleleka. Yingakho ngokuvimbela ukuwahambisa nje. Umthombo oyinhloko wokutheleleka yi-sclerotium emhlabathini, futhi ukuze uvikele utamatisi kusuka ekubomeni okumhlophe, kubalulekile ukuwukhipha imishanguzo ngemuva kokuvunwa kwangaphambilini. 
I-brown spotting (i-cladosporiosis)
Ngokuqhubekayo, izinhlobo zezotamatisi nezinhlamvu zazo, eziphikisana kakhulu ne-cladosporia, ziyakhula, futhi ukulimala kwayo kuyancipha. Emaqabungeni aphansi ezitshalo ezingazinzile kule sifo, amabala e-orange avela, abe mnyama ngenkathi. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, i-patina emnyama yenza amabala kulezi zindawo. Ukubala okumnyama kungagcinwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kuze kube yiminyaka eyishumi. Izimo ezingenakwenzeka kulokhu yizinga lokushisa eliphezulu nomswakama. Indlela engcono yokulwa nendawo emnyama - ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi (isibonelo, uYvon, Kunero, uRaisa nabanye). Futhi uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka, izitshalo zihlanzwa ngo-Abiga-Pik, i-Poliram ne-HOM. 
I-Verticillosis
Namuhla i-verticillosis ayibangeli umonakalo omkhulu. Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo zingabonakala kumaqabunga endala - ukubonakala kwe-chlorosis ne-necrosis kubo. Futhi, uhlelo lwempande luyanqatshwa kancane kancane. Njengoba lesi sifo sinokubili, ingxenye eyodwa yama-pathogens izinga lokushisa elihle liphansi kunama-25ºС, kanti elinye - eliphakeme. I-verticillus fungi ingagcinwa ezitshalweni zezitshalo nomhlabathi. Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuvimbela lesi sifo: ukukhipha izinsalela zezitshalo nokwanda kwezinhlobonhlobo zezamatamatisi nezinhlamvu, ngoba awekho amafungicides okulwa ne-verticillus. 
Umsuka wokubola
Ukubola kwempande kungenzeka ensimini evulekile ezindaweni zokutshala utamatisi ezigqamile, nasezindlini zokugcina izithombo, utamatisi okhulayo kwi-substrate. Ukulahlekelwa kuncane kakhulu. Izimpawu zokubola ezimpandeni - ukumnyama eduze kwentamo impande kanye nezimpande (umlenze omnyama). Ngalokhu, lesi sitshalo saphela. Izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokusabalalisa isifo - inhlabathi engekho oyinyumba kanye nokuchelela ngokweqile. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi umthombo wesifo ngumhlabathi kanye ne-substrate, ngezinye izikhathi i-fungus ihlala imbewu. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokubhekana nezimpande zokubola imilalisa i-substrate, inhlabathi, izithombo kanye nokugqoka imbewu. 
Kubalulekile! Indlela ephumelela kakhulu - ukukhulula inhlabathi bese ufafaze umhlaba wonke ngezithombo zomhlabathi omkhulu womfula.
Idonsa likaMealy
Umkhuhlane we-Powdery unobungozi obukhulu ezindaweni zokugcina izilazi, kodwa muva nje ukusabalalisa kwawo sekuye kwehla. Kodwa uma utamatisi wakho usengenwe yilesi sifo, ukulahlekelwa kwemikhiqizo kungaba nzima. Umkhuhlane we-powdery utamatisi unqunywe ngale ndlela elandelayo: ama-patches amhlophe adalwe kumafleta amaqabunga, ama-petioles neziqu azinqabile ukuguqulwa. Izimo ezinomusa - izinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nomswakama, ukuphuza okwanele. Ukubalekela i-fungus, izitshalo zifakwe ngesixazululo se-fungicides. (Strobe, Kvadris, i-Topaz nabanye). I-Sodium INHUMA 0.01 no-0.1% ibulala le fungus ngokuphelele. 
Grey ukubola
Isifo esiyingozi kakhulu se-fungal of utamatisi, esibulala isigamu sesitshalo, nokunye okuningi. I-fungus iyanqoba kancane kancane yonke i-stem, i-necrosis yezicubu iqala. Lesi sitshalo siba sesibonakaliso esibonakalayo esimhlophe, futhi sishaya kancane. Ukudlula kwamanzi umswakama nakho kuthinta izitho ezikhiqizayo. Ukutheleleka kudluliselwa kumatamatisi nakwezinye izitshalo (isibonelo, ukhukhamba). Ngokuqondene nezinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi noma ama-hybrids abo aphikisana nalesi sifo, azikabikwa. Необходимо вовремя применять агротехнические меры, регуляторы роста и химические методы защиты (Байлетон, Эупарен Мульти). 
Рак стеблей
Lesi sifo senza umonakalo ohlukile kumatamatisi, konke kuxhomeke endaweni yokukhula kwabo. Ezakhiweni zengilazi, umdlavuza weziqu cishe awusakazeki, futhi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo - i-plant yonke ifa kuyo. Ezindaweni ezivulekile njenge-kazi kuncane kakhulu. I-ascohitosis ithinta utamatisi obalulekile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ushiya. Amabala aluhlaza agxilile ama-stems, futhi ama-gum aphuma kuwo. Izimbali azithuthukisiwe, izithelo zingase zimbozwe amabala afanayo. Lesi sifo singagxila ezinhlathini nasezintweni zokuhlala. Izimo ezingathandekayo zokuthuthukiswa kwe-askohitosis - isimo sezulu esibandayo nesibanda, ukushisa okuphansi. Izindlela zokulawula ukutheleleka zihlanganisa ukungenisa amagciwane emhlabathini, ukufaka iTrochodermina kuso, ukufakaza izitshalo ngokulawula ukukhula (Immunocytophyte, Agat-25), kanye nokwelashwa kwamabala ngokunamathisela okhethekile okuvela ku-chalk ne-Rovral. 
I-Fusarium wilt (i-Fusarium)
I-Fusarium ibangela ukulimala utamatisi. Okokuqala, i-chlorosis yamaqabunga aphansi kwenzeka, bese bonke abanye. Utamatisi uhluma, i-petioles ne-leaf plate deform. Lezo zimo ezingakhululekile kwezitshalo zihle kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukutheleleka okunjalo. Izitshalo zamatamatisi zingalimaza lesi sifo emhlabathini, emhlabathini, nasezintweni zokuvuna emva kokuvuna. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fusarium wilt, izinhlobo zezitamatisi ezinqabile zitshalwe. (Rhapsody, Raisa, Sore, Monica, nabanye), ngaphambi kokutshala, izitshalo ziphuziswa ngamabhodlela-I-bacterium-2 (isitshalo esisodwa - 100 ml yokulungiselela). Amalungiselelo e-Benzimidazole nawo asetshenziswa. 
Ukuphazamisa okwesikhashana
Lesi sifo sinesilinganiso esiphansi seengozi. Ekuqaleni, intamo impande ikhubazekile futhi iphenduka emnyama, ngakho-ke, isitshalo siqala ukubola. Khona-ke lesi sifo sikhuphuka esiqongweni, futhi sigcwele ukuqhakaza okumhlophe kwe-mycelium. Izindawo ezimnyama zingase zenze izithelo zamatamatisi, nezithelo ezigulayo zivele zivele. Ngenjongo yokuvimbela, inzalo inhlabathi futhi isuse izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo. Futhi ukucubungula lapho utshala utamatisi usebenzisa i-Pseudobacterin-2, futhi emva kokutshala - isisombululo sika-0.01% se-sodium humate. 
Kuyathakazelisa 94.5% isisindo somatamatisi ngamanzi.
Izifo ezingenakuxhumana nezingatamatisi: izimpawu nokulawula
Izifo ezingenasifo ezithathelwanayo zika utamatisi zingaholela ezimweni ezimbi zezulu nokuphulwa kwimodi ekhulayo.
Vertex izithelo ukubola
Lesi sifo singenzeka ngenxa yezici zofuzo nobuchwepheshe be-agrotechnology. Izithelo ezihlaza zimbozwe ngamhlophe noma amabala. Ngezinye izikhathi i-necrosis ithinta isithathu sesithelo se-utamatisi, bese amabala aphenduka omnyama. I-peak bola ezikhathini eziningi isici sezithelo ezinkulu zika utamatisi, futhi ukubonakala kwayo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokungabi khona kwe-i-calcium ions, ngenxa yokuhlushwa kwesimo somhlabathi, lapho i-pH ingaphansi kuka-6, ekushiseni okuphakeme, njll. 
Ukuze uvimbele ukubukeka kwe-vertex ukubola, qiniseka ukuthi unisela izitshalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze inhlabathi ingadli noma ibole, sebenzisa umquba womuthi ngamalungiselelo akhethekile, ngaphambi kokutshala umanyolo wokusebenzisa umquba oqukethe i-calcium. Ungase futhi utshale izinhlobo ezingaxhunyiwe nemifino.
Izithelo ezingenalutho
Isifo esingenaso imbewu kulezithelo. Lokhu kungenzeka uma izithelo zithinteka, noma ngenxa yezinye izici (ukushisa kwamanzi okushisa, ukungabi khona kwempova, ukungabi namsoco, ikakhulukazi i-potassium, nabanye). Ngenhloso ye-prophylaxis, kuyadingeka ukudala izimo ezihle zezimbali ezifudumele (umswakama, izinga lokushisa, ukudla okunomsoco, ukukhanyisa) ukuze uvuthwe inani elanele lembewu. 
Stolbur
Lesi yisifo se-phytoplasmic of utamatisi. Kuyisici sezitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile, futhi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo cishe akakho. Inkinga enkulu ukuntuleka kwembewu ezitshalweni ezinegciwane. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-stolbur zihlanganisiwe futhi amagxolo ezinsundu ezibomvu, izithelo ezihlanganisiwe, amaqabunga ancishisiwe, lesi sitshalo sishintsha ngokuphelele. I-Stolbur iqala ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo nesomile. Izithwala ezisemqoka zalesi sifo ziyi-cicadas. Cishe indlela kuphela yokulwa nesimo samanje namuhla ukubhubhisa i-customsdok, abathwali besifo.
Ekutshaleni utamatisi akukho lutho olungenakubekezelelwa, kufanele nje wenze izenzo zokuvimbela izifo futhi uphathe izitshalo ezigulayo ngesikhathi.
Uyazi? Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezingu-10 000 zezamatamatisi. Utamatisi omkhulu kunesisindo esingu-1.5 kg, kanti encane inamamitha amabili ububanzi.
