Umhlali wasehlobo wokuqala, osanda kuthenga isiza somhlaba, kufanele acabange ngokwakha indlu encane. Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha kwenziwa kucatshangelwa izinsizakusebenza zezezimali ezenziwa kunjiniyela. Amaphrojekthi wesabelomali esisezingeni eliphansi ayakhiwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bezinhlaka obubolekwe ngabantu baseRussia kubakhi baseNtshonalanga. Imali eyongeziwe ingatholakala uma wakha ifreyimu yendlu yasehlobo ngezandla zakho ngosizo lomsizi oyedwa noma ababili ngemali ekhokhwa nsuku zonke. Lobu buchwepheshe bokwakha izindlu buheha nesivinini sokuhlangana kwesakhiwo. Emavikini ambalwa, ungakha into, bese kuthi ngemuva kokuqeda umsebenzi, uqale ukuyisebenzisa. Izakhiwo zodonga, ezihlinzekelwa ukusetshenziswa kokufakelwa kwanamuhla, azidingi isisekelo esinamandla. Ukwakhiwa okuhlukahlukene okwenziwe ngezindonga, phansi nangaphansi kukuvumela ukuthi ufihle izinsiza kusebenza.
Ake sibheke izigaba eziyinhloko zokwakhiwa kwayo ngezandla zethu esibonelweni sendlu enezitezi ezimbili. Ubukhulu bento buyi-5 ngamamitha ayi-10. Ubungako bokufakelwa obekwe kumaseli wohlaka lwamapulangwe buyi-15 cm.
Isigaba # 1 - insiza eyisisekelo yekhaya elizayo
Emhlabeni bekukhona isisekelo somucu kusuka esakhiweni esedlule, ubukhulu bawo bungamamitha ayi-5 ngamamitha ayi-7. Ukuze wonge izinto zokwakha, unjiniyela uthathe isinqumo sokusebenzisa isisekelo esikhona, wandise indawo yendlu ngokufaka izinsika ezintathu zezitini. Umphumela uba ukwakheka kwesisekelo okuhlangene, okungamamitha ayi-5 ububanzi namamitha ayi-10 ubude.
Kubalulekile! Uma usebenzisa isisekelo esidala, kunconywa ukuyikhulula ngokuzungeza umngcele ovela emgamuleni wehafu wemitha ngokujula. Faka i-complication yesimanje yokuvimbela amanzi ezindongeni, futhi uzivikele emiphumeleni elimazayo yokuhlukahluka komswakama kanye lokushisa nge-hydroglass. Ngemuva kwalokho, isikhala esingaphansi simbozwa ngesihlabathi, sihlanganisiwe futhi ngenhla sigcwalisiwe ngenhlabathi ebigcinwe ngaphambili.
Ungqimba oluvundile lomhlaba olusendaweni yesisekelo lususwa ngokuphelele ukuze lusetshenziswe ngokufanelekile ekhishini lasehlobo. Esikhundleni salolu ungqimba, kuthululelwa isihlabathi, esinezindawo ezinhle zokudonsa amanzi. Ukuze wakhe isisekelo esingaphansi esisekelweni, yenza ama-vents kanye no-drill kusuka kwizimbobo eziyi-9 kuye kwezili-18, ezidingekayo ukubeka amahange kuzo. Ngemuva kokuqeda wonke umsebenzi wokulungiselela, indawo eyisisekelo iphathwa ngengxube yokuvimbela amanzi, ifakwe ezingqimbeni eziningana. I-hydro-ingilazi ye-isole bese kubekwa ifilimu ngaphezulu kwesisekelo ukuze umswakama ungangeni esisekelweni, esasibekwe isitini lapho kuqhubeka umsebenzi. Ukuphakama kwesisekelo kungu-1 m.
Idivaysi eyisisekelo yendlu yezwekazi ngesisekelo sesisekelo sakudala somucu futhi ngaphezu kwalokho ibekwe ngaphandle kwezinsika zezitini ezihlanganiswe nokuvimbela amanzi
Kuyathakazelisa futhi! Ungayakha kanjani indlu yezwe kusuka esitsheni: //diz-cafe.com/postroiki/achnyj-dom-iz-kontejnera.html
Isigaba # 2 - ukufakwa kwesakhiwo esingaphansi
Ukufakwa kwesitezi sangaphansi kwenziwa ngokuya ngobuchwepheshe besikhulumi. Ibhodi elinezimitha ezingama-50 kanye nokhuni oluyi-10 x 15 cm lubekwe phezu kwesisekelo somucu.Ugodo ezimbili lunamathiselwe ezinsikeni zezitini eceleni. Ezingxenyeni ezisheshayo zokhuni, ama-stud abekwe ngaphambi kwalezi zinhloso asetshenziswa. Ukunikela ngokuqina ekwakhiweni kwesisekelo esingaphansi, kuyadingeka ukufaka eminye imishayo emibili maphakathi nendlu. Ngakho-ke, ukuphakama kwesihenqo kungu-15 cm.
Amabhodi angama-50-ki abekwa futhi avikelwe phezulu kwe-harness, egcina ibanga elingamasentimitha angama-60 phakathi kwawo.Uphansi olubi lugcwaliswa kusuka phansi kwalo mklamo, kusetshenziswa amabhodi angama-25 mm-awugqinsi kulokhu. Amaseli aphumelelayo agcwaliswa amagwebu, abekwa ezingxenyeni ezimbili ezinobukhulu obungama-5 no-10 cm. Ukuqhekeka phakathi kwegwebu namabhodi kuthululelwa amagwebu okwandayo, bese kuhlelwa ngaphezulu kwamabhodi (50 × 300 mm) ngaphezulu.
Ukufakwa kwesisekelo sokwakhiwa kwesikhulumi kwenziwa ngokhuni kusetshenziswa izikhonkwane ezinezikopelo ezibekwe esisekelweni sendlu
Ukubekwa kwamapuleti we-polystyrene okufudumeza phansi kwendlu yohlaka kuhambisana nokugoqa okuphoqelekile kokuhlangana kwama-tile kanye nezikhala phakathi kwezinto ezibonakalayo namalondolo
Isigaba # 3 - ukwakhiwa kwama-racks nezindonga
Izindonga ziqoqwe endaweni evundlile yophahla lwendlu ebunjiwe. Ngemuva kwalokho amamojula anamathiselwe ekuhlanganeni okuncane okwenziwe ngokhuni. Ubude bama-racks esitezi sokuqala babungama-290 cm, kucatshangelwa ukufakwa kogobolondo obungamasentimitha angama-45. Ukuphakama kwephahla lwezakhiwo zesitezi sokuqala kungama-245 cm. Isitezi sesibili sakhiwe kancane, ngakho-ke kuthathwa ama-rack angama-260 cm. Kunzima kakhulu ukufaka ama-racks wohlaka yedwa, ngakho-ke umsizi uhilelekile kulo msebenzi. Isikhathi esingangesonto basebenza ukufakwa kwamakaki asemakhoneni naphakathi nawo womabili amafulethi, wonke amafulethi kanye nawomgwaqo.
Kubalulekile! Okufakwe ekhoneni ngepayipi elingaphezulu nelingezansi kuxhunyiwe kusetshenziswa izikhala ezi-5x5x5 cm, kanye nezixhumi zensimbi: amabakaki, amapuleti, izikwele, njll. Qinisekisa ukuthi izindawo zekona nezikhala eziphakathi ziphakathi kwendiza efanayo ngaphakathi kodonga olufanayo. Ukugcwaliseka kwalesi sidingo kuzosiza ukufakwa okwengeziwe kwe-casing, ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
Ukufaka ukufakwa kohlaka lwezindonga zendlu enezitezi ezimbili kwenziwa ngokufaka ama-racks, aqinise isikhundla sawo ngosizo lwamathambeka nangomgwaqo ovundlile oqondile
Ibanga phakathi kwama-racks aseduze ozimele ancike kububanzi bokufakwa okukhethiwe ukufakwa kuma-piers. Ukucabanga ngale mfuneko kuzosindisa umakhi kusuka kwisidingo sokusika ukufakwa, okungeke kuthinte kuphela ijubane lalesi sigaba somsebenzi, kodwa futhi nokufakwa okushisayo kwesikhungo sisonke. Ngemuva kwakho konke, noma imiphi i-seams eyengeziwe ikhulisa ukulahleka kokushisa. Kule projekthi, ama-racks afakwa kubude obuyi-60 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Isigaba # 4 - ukuqiniswa kozimele kanye nomhlangano wesiphambano
Amafreyimu e-Wall adinga ukuqiniswa ngokufaka ama-brace nokubakaka. Iqhaza lalezi zinto likhulu, ngoba zinikeza uhlaka lobulukhuni bendawo yendlu. Kusetshenziswa i-notch engaphambili Half-falling isetshenziswa lapho kufakwa i-brace. Yize ukwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi ngosizo lwezikhonkwane namabhulukwe. Ngaphakathi kodonga olulodwa lwendlu yohlaka, okungenani kufanele kufakwe ama-struts amabili. Inani elikhulu lalezi zingxenye liyathathwa uma kwenziwa izimfuno ngokweqile ekuqineni kwamandla kocango. Ubulukhuni bokugcina besakhiwo sohlaka luzonikezwa ngu:
- ukugqagqana;
- ukuhlukaniswa kwangaphakathi;
- ukulengiswa kwangaphandle nangaphakathi.
Ukwenza umsebenzi wokwakhiwa kwendlu ngezigaba ezimbili ngesidingo sokufakwa kwamabhilidi amakhulu, kubalulekile ukunakekela iziphambano. Ngenxa yemigwaqo enqamlezayo, kungenzeka ukuthi uqinisekise amandla nokuqina kwezingodo ezibekwe esitezi sesibili, kanye nokukhipha ithuba lokuduka kwabo phakathi nayo yonke impilo yesakhiwo. Kulesi sikhungo, indawo yesiphambano yakhiwa ezingxenyeni ezithile, ngasinye sazo sinamapulangwe amathathu angama-50 ubude obudingekayo, aboshwe ngokuqinile ezinhlangothini ngamabhodi angama-25-mm, asungulwe nge-engela engama-degree angama-45 futhi aqondiswe ngaphesheya. Umklamo uqine kakhulu futhi uthembekile.
Ukuxhaswa kwe-Crossbar ekwakhiweni kohlaka. Udonga lwesiphambano luyadingeka ekubekeni izingodo zesitezi sesibili ezithintekayo ekufakweni kwephansi eliqinile
Izimbobo ezivundlile ezifakwe ngaphezulu kwamafasitela neminyango, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ukuphakama kohlaka kulezi zindawo. Lezi zinto, kanye nomsebenzi wazo oyinhloko, zisebenza njengezikhulisi ezengeziwe ohlelweni lwamandla wohlaka lwamapulangwe. Ekuvulekeni ngakunye kwewindows, kubalulekile ukufaka izivimbamgwaqo ezimbili, neminyango eyodwa ngasikhathi.
I-Veranda kuhlobo lohlaka lwe-cottage. Isibonelo-sinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokuzakha: //diz-cafe.com/postroiki/veranda-na-dache-svoimi-rukami.html
Isigaba # 5 - ukufakwa kohlelo lwe-truss yophahla
Ukwakhiwa kophahla kwenziwa ngokuya ngomdwebo owenziwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngonjiniyela. Umdwebo ukuvumela ukuba wenze ukubala okuyiqiniso kwazo zonke izinto zokwakha ezidingekayo zokufakwa kohlelo lwe-truss yophahla, kanye nezinto zokwakha eziya kudivayisi yekhekeli eluphahleni (ukuhlanganisa okuqinile, isithiyo se-vapor, ukuvimbela amanzi, ukuqeda ukuhlanganisa, njll.). Ukufaka ukufakwa kophahla, okuhlanganisa imidwebo emine egijima engela lama-degree angama-45, kanye nomsizi kungaqedwa ngeviki. Ukuphakama kophahla ngaphezu kwephahla lwe-attic ngamasentimitha ayi-150. Ukuxineka kwezihlotshana zenziwe kusuka ebhodini le-25 mm. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukufakwa kwe-ICOPAL kufakwa emgobeni wokugqwala, kanti kwezinye izindawo kuthathelwa indawo ngento evamile yophahla, ibethelwe esisekelweni ngamazipho (40 mm).
Ukufakwa kohlelo lwe-rafter lohlobo olukhethiwe kophahla nokubekwa kokuhlanganiswa ngokuqinile kwamapulangwe ahlanganisiwe anobukhulu obungama-25 mm
Kunconywa ukuthenga impahla yophahla yaseFinland, ebiza kancane kuphela kunabalingani basekhaya, kodwa ilula futhi ibe namandla ku-kink.
Isiteji # 6 - ukumboza izindonga zangaphandle zohlaka
Onke ama-racks wohlaka atholakala ngaphandle ngebhodi le-"intshi", ubukhulu bawo bungama-25 mm kanti ububanzi buyi-100 mm. Ngasikhathi sinye, ingxenye yokufakelwa inamathele kufreyimu engela, okwenza ukwakhiwa kwendlu kube namandla ngokwengeziwe. Uma unjiniyela engakhinyabezeki ngezindlela, lapho-ke ukugoqa kungcono ukukhiqiza kusuka kuzinhlayiya ze-cement-bonded (DSP) noma enye impahla yepuleti. Lapho usebenza lapho kubanda khona, kunconywa ukuqinisa ophahleni nokuvuleka kwewindows ngocingo lwamapulasitiki kuze kufakwe amawindi agcwele ukukhanya kanye naphansi kwesembozo sophahla.
Ukufaka ukufakwa kwamakhanda kwangaphandle kuqala ohlangothini olungaphambili lwendlu, bese eshintshela ezinhlangothini bese eqeda umsebenzi odongeni olungasemuva, elonga ukhuni
Isiteji # 7 - ukufakwa ophahleni kanye nokusalela
Uphahla lwendlu yohlaka olunezitezi ezimbili lumbozwe ngamathayili avumayo e-bituminous "Tegola Alaska". Lapho enza umsebenzi, nesisebenzi siyabandakanyeka. Yonke indawo yophahla lwendlu 5 ngamamitha ayi-10 idinga amaphakethe angama-29 ophahla oluthambile. Iphakethe ngalinye lenzelwe ukumboza amitha skwele angama-2,57 ophahla. Izisebenzi ezimbili zingabeka amaphakethe afinyelela kwayisithupha ophahleni oluthambile ngosuku.
Ukubeka uphahla oluthambile usebenzisa amathayili we-Tegola bituminous. Ukufakwa kohlelo lwamathumbu lokuqoqa nokukhipha amanzi emvula
Ukufeza ukugqokwa kwendlu kwangaphandle, kuthengwa i-siding eyenziwe nguMitten. Ngosizo lwemibala ehlanganiswe ngekhono i-Ivory neGolide, kungenzeka ukuthi unikeze umklamo ongajwayelekile endlini enezitezi ezimbili. I-Mitten Gold siding isetshenziswa ukuhlobisa amakhona amane endlu, kanye nezindonga ezingaphansi kwamafasitela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukuthola iphethini ehehayo enikeza ukubukeka okungajwayelekile futhi okunesitayela kuso sonke isakhiwo. Ubuso benziwa ngezinyathelo eziningana:
- Ngaphambi kokufaka i-siding, indlu isongwe ngemivimbo yomoya ye-Izospan;
- khona-ke bagcwalisa i-crate besebenzisa amabhodi angama-50x75 kulokhu (isinyathelo - 37 cm, ukushuba kwegebe lokungena komoya - 5 cm);
- emakhoneni ahlelwe ngosayizi ongu-50x150 mm;
- emva kwalokho i-siding ixazululwe ngqo ngokuya ngemiyalo yomenzi.
Ukufaka ukufakelwa kwangaphandle kwendlu kusuka kusilinganisi kwenziwa ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa yizisebenzi ezimbili zisebenzisa uhambo lwensimbi oluthengwe esitolo noma oluqashiwe
Isigaba # 8 - ukubekwa kokufakwa nokufakwa ngaphakathi
Ukufakelwa odongeni kwendlu yohlaka eyizitezi ezimbili yenziwa kusuka ngaphakathi kusetshenziswa izikebhe ezenziwe ebusika ezenziwe ezenziwe ngama-rollizer kanye nama-roll of the Shelter EcoStroy brand. Ukugoqa izinto ngaphandle kwamajoyinti angenasidingo kufakwa phakathi kwamaraki wohlaka, kuwo kufakwe kuwo nge-stapler yokwakha. Ukufakwa kunconywa ukuthi kunqunyelwe kwimininingwane yozimele ukuze impahla ingahlali phakathi kokusebenza kwendlu. Ukufaka i-attic flooring, i-ecowool iyasetshenziswa, ehlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zokufakelwa ngezakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zomsindo.
Ukuze kube nokufakwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lwamapulangwe, kutholakala amabhodi ezilimi nezimpawu zokufakwa endle, abethelwe kwizipikili ngezipikili ukuze kutholakale indiza yodonga. Kwenqatshelwe ukuvumela izikhala phakathi kwezingxenye ezihlanganayo, ngaphandle kwalokho izindonga zizohlanzwa. Eduze kodonga olufulethi kunamashidi anamathiselwe e-drywall, anamathiselwe ngephepha lodonga. Ungafaka esikhundleni se-drywall ngamapulangwe e-wood fiber noma ezinye izinto zeshidi.
Ukufakwa okukhethiwe kufakwa kumaseli wohlaka lwamapulangwe kusuka ngaphakathi kwekamelo, kuyilapho amalunga amapuleti we-sintepon efakwa ngothayela wokwakha
Uhlu lwezinto ezidliwayo namathuluzi
Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa ifreyimu yendlu yasehlobo, kusetshenziswe amathuluzi alandelayo:
- Isitshe sokujikeleza seHitachi 7MFA;
- wabona "alligator" PEL-1400;
- Isihleli seBort 82;
- izinga lokwakha;
- i-screwdriver;
- isando nabanye
Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe kwakungamapulangwe, amapulangwe ahlanganisiwe, amabhodi olimi-kanye ne-groove, i-drywall, insulation, i-fasteners: izipikili, izikulufa, izixhumi zensimbi, njll. Amawindi ama-Rehau agcwele izindwani afakwe ukufakwa kwamawindi. Yonke imininingwane yokhuni icutshungulwe nge-Snezh BIO antiseptic. Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa lesi sikhungo kudinga ukwakhiwa kwe-scaffolding, kanye nokuthengwa kwezinkambo zensimbi.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-scaffolding - isakhiwo esisizayo esidingekayo ukufakwa kophahla, ukuvikelwa komoya, amabhethri neminye imisebenzi eyenziwa ezindaweni eziphakeme.
Ukwazi ukuthi kunzima kanjani ukwakha indlu yezwe ngezandla zakho, ungazenzela unembeza isinqumo ngokuqala komsebenzi. Mhlawumbe, kuwe, kulula ukuthola iqembu labakhi abazi ngokwakhiwa kwezindlu zozimele mathupha.
