Iphayinaphu: ukutshala, ukunakekela kanye nethemba lokuphumelela

Iphayinaphu isitshalo esidumile sasezindaweni ezishisayo esingatshalwa ekhaya. Inzuzo eyengeziwe, ngaphezu kokubukeka kwayo okungajwayelekile, ukungabekezeleli kwayo. Kodwa-ke, kunemithetho eminingana ephathelene nokutshala okufanele nokunakekelwa kwalesi sitshalo.

Izindlela zokutshala uphayinaphu

Emvelweni, uphayinaphu kusatshalaliswa imbewu nezendlalelo eziyisisekelo, futhi ekhaya ungathola isitshalo esihle kusuka phezulu.

Izihloko

Uma ufuna ukutshala phezulu kwepayinaphu, bese ucabangisisa ngokuthola isibeletho "sikamama". Izithelo ezinjalo kufanele zivuthwe. Hlola ngokucophelela okuphezulu. Kufanele kube okusha, ngaphandle kokubola nezici futhi kunomphumela ophilile wombala oluhlaza okhanyayo.

Izihloko ezifanele zitholakala ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ekwindla nasehlobo. Iziphethu ezivela kuphayinaphu “obusika” ngeke zisebenze - zivame ukudalulwa amazinga okushisa abandayo, aqande futhi ngenxa yalokho awakwazi ukukhula abe yisitshalo esihle.

Ingaphezulu enomgogodla oluhlaza onempilo kufanelekile ekutshalweni okuthe xaxa.

Inqubo yokufika ifaka izinyathelo eziningana. Okokuqala udinga ukususa phezulu. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwenza lokhu:

Sika ngobumnene ingaphezulu, ubambe uginindela ongu-2-3 cm.
Bamba ngesandla esisodwa izithelo, ngesinye - phezulu bese usihambisa kaningi.

Ingulube yepayinaphu ingasikwa noma isonteke

Lapho-ke udinga ukulungiselela okuphezulu kokufika. Zama ukwenza wonke umsebenzi ngokucophelela, uma kungenjalo i-workpiece izokubola:

Sula ngokucophelela ingaphezulu lepulangwe elisele.
Susa amaqabunga aphansi ukuze kwakhiwe isilinda elula engu-2-3 cm.
Amaqabunga avela ngaphansi kwaphezulu kufanele asuswe.
Sakaza amagciwane ukuvimbela ukubola:
1. Lungiselela isixazululo esikhanyayo se-pink of potanganum permanganate (1 g kafulawa ngama-200 g amanzi) bese ubeka okuphezulu kuyo umzuzu 1. Ngemuva kwalokho hlambulula bese womile.
2. Fafaza izingcezu namalahle acushiwe (udinga ukuchoboza amaphilisi ayi-1-2).
Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, yomisa ichopho ngezinsuku ezingama-5-7 endaweni eqondile (izingcezu akufanele zithinte indawo) endaweni emnyama, eyomile egumbini lokushisa.
Iziqongo zophayinaphu zomisiwe endaweni eqondile
Umsuka (uyazikhethela):
1. Ukuze wenze lokhu, beka ingxenye ehlanziwe engaphezulu engilazini egcwele amanzi afudumele, amasentimitha angama-3-4. Zama ukuguqula amanzi njalo ezinsukwini ezi-2.
  Lapho ukhula ungqimba wephayinaphu emanzini, izimpande kufanele zivele ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-2-3
2. Okungenalutho kufanele kugcinwe endaweni efudumele, ekhanyayo, kepha hhayi elangeni eliqondile, futhi okusakazwayo kanye nokushisa ngokweqile kufanele kugwenywe.
3. Njengomthetho, izimpande zivela ngemuva kwamasonto angama-2-3.
  Ingaphezulu lepayinaphu elinezimpande lingatshalwa ebhodweni
4. Lapho zifinyelela kubude obungu-2 cm, ingaphezulu lingadluliselwa ebhodweni.

Ngemuva komsebenzi wokulungiselela, ungaqala ukutshala okuphezulu emhlabathini:

Lungiselela imbiza encane (200-300 ml) bese wenza izimbobo zokudonsa kuyo.
Beka i-drainage phansi (ubumba olwandisiwe, ubumba oluhle), bese umhlabathi:
- umhlaba we-turf (izingxenye ezi-3) + isihlabathi (1 ingxenye) + humus (1 ingxenye);
- i-turf land (izingxenye ezi-3) + i-humus (izingxenye ezi-2) + i-peat (izingxenye ezi-2) + i-sawdust ebunjiwe (izingxenye 2) + isihlabathi (1 inxenye);
- isihlabathi (1 ingxenye) + i-peat (1 ingxenye);
- i-primer eyenziwe ngomumo eyenziwe yama-bromeliads noma i-cacti.
  Phansi ebhodweni, uthele amanzi
Nyakazisa inhlabathi bese enkabeni wenze umgodi ojulile ngo-3 cm.
Thela u-0.5-1 tbsp. l namalahle.
Faka ngokucophelela ithiphu emgodini bese usakaza izimpande.
Fafaza inhlabathi ngenhlabathi, uyihlanganise kancane, uphinde uphinde namanzi.
Inhlabathi ngemuva kokutshala idinga ukuhlanganiswa kancane
Mboza okutshala ngesikhwama sepulasitiki ukuze amaqabunga angathinti ifilimu, noma asibeke ngaphansi kwesitsha sengilazi, bese usibeka endaweni efudumele ekhanyayo.
I-microclimate ngaphansi kwesembozo sengilazi izosiza uphayinaphu ukuthi ukhule ngokushesha

Ama-Florist atshala uphayinaphu, ezinsukwini ezi-2 ngaphambi kokutshala, anconyelwa ukuba achithe inhlabathi ngamanzi abilayo ukuwukhipha isibulala magciwane futhi anikeze nenqanaba elifunekayo lomswakama.

Iqiniso lokuthi eliphakeme ligxilile, kusho ukubonakala kwamaqabunga amasha. Kuze kube yilesi sikhathi, gcina insimbi yokusebenza, ikunikeze kuqala okuncane (imizuzu eyi-10 izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku), bese kuthi konke ukungena komoya okude kuze kube yilapho ikhava selisusiwe ngokuphelele. Amanzi ngokulinganisela. Abatshali abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayelulekwa ukuba basebenzise umhlabathi hhayi kuphela inhlabathi, kodwa futhi nokukhishwa. Ungavumeli ukwamukelwa ukungena emacembe, ukusula noma ukuguqula ifilimu.

Kuwo wonke umsebenzi nokunisela okuqhubekayo, kuphela amanzi athambile afanelekile - ahlalisa usuku, ancibilike, lina noma abilisiwe.

Imbewu

Le ndlela ayisetshenziswa kakhulu, ngoba cishe azikho imbewu emaphayilini athengiswayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezitolo uvame ukuthola ama-nzalo ezinhlamvu zawo ezingathwali impahla yesitshalo sikamama, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthatha okuvela kuphela ezitshalweni ezifakazisiwe, ngokwesibonelo, lezo ngokwazo bezikhulile ezinhlanyelweni futhi zanikeza imiphumela emihle.

Imbewu Yophayinaphu

Kaphayinaphu, amathambo asepulpini ngqo ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Uma zinombala onsundu omnyama futhi zilukhuni ukuthinta, zingatshalwa. Susa ngokucophelela imbewu ngommese bese hlamba ngesixazululo se-potanganum permanganate (1 g nge-200 ml yamanzi), bese uyisusa, uyomile ethawula iphepha bese uqala ukuhlwanyela.

Imbewu zikaphayinili Zilungele Ukutshala - Imnyama, Kanzima

Izigaba zokulungiselela kanye ukufika:

Ukugcotshwa. Beka impahla enomswakama (indwangu kakotini noma amaphakethe kakotini) phansi kwesitsha noma epuletini. Beka amathambo phezu kwayo bese uwamboza ngaphezulu ngendwangu efanayo. Faka indawo yokusebenza endaweni efudumele amahora angama-18- 24. Imbewu kufanele ikhule kancane.
Ukuhlwanyelwa enhlabathini. Gcwalisa isitsha sokutshala ngenhlanganisela yesihlabathi se-peat kanye ne-peeled (kufanele sithathwe ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo), somisa inhlabathi futhi utshale imbewu kude ne-7-10 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, ujulise ngo-1-2 cm.
Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, qiniseka ukumboza isitsha ngefilimu noma ngengilazi nendawo endaweni efudumele.
Isikhathi sokuqhuma kwamahlumela sincike emazingeni okushisa: at 30-32^mayelanaImbewu izohluma kumaviki ayi-2, uma kubanda kakhulu amahlumela azovela ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingama-30 kuya kwengama-5.

Ama-Shots ajwayele ukuvela kungakapheli amasonto ayi-3-4, kanti izinga lokushisa kumele okungenani libe ngu-30^mayelanaC. Vama umoya wokutshala njalo (imizuzu eyi-10 izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku) bese unisela inhlabathi njengoba kudingeka. Uma uhlwanyele imbewu esitsheni esijwayelekile, bese kuthi ngemuva kokuvela kweqabunga lesithathu ezitshalweni, zihlanganise zibe iziqukathi ezihlukile:

Lungisa amabhodwe anenqwaba yamalitha angu-0.5-0.7. Yenza izimbobo zokudonsa amanzi kuzo bese ugcwalisa u-1/3 ngumbumba ochotshoziwe noma ngetshe elihle.
Thela inhlabathi (umhlabathi we-turf (izingxenye ezi-2) + u-humus (1 ingxenye) + wesihlabathi (1 inxenye).
Faka umswakama inhlabathi esitsheni esinamahlumela ama-2 amahora ngaphambi kokumba.
Ngaphambi kokukhetha, fambisa inhlabathi emathangini bese wenza izimbobo kuwo ujule ngo-2 cm.
Susa ngokucophelela ihlumela, ugcina inqwaba yomhlaba ezimpandeni, bese ubeka umgodi. Fafaza ngenhlabathi, uyihlanganise kancane.
Mboza iziqukathi nge-foil kanye nendawo endaweni efudumele, ekhanyayo.

Amahlumela kudingeka ukuthi adonswe phansi ukunikeza isikhala esanele sezimpande

Gcina amahlumela "abamba ukushisa" aze afike ezimpandeni (izimpawu ziyafana phezulu), uzinikeze umoya (imizuzu engama-20 kuye kwengama-30 nsuku zonke). Futhi ungakhohlwa ukunisela inhlabathi lapho yomisa.

Ukubekwa

Ungatshala uphayinaphu ngale ndlela uma usunaso isitshalo esidala. Ngeshwa, isihlahla sikaphayinaphu siyafa ngemuva nje kokunikeza isivuno, futhi uma ufuna ukuqhubeka nokutshala uphayinaphu, ungakwenza kahle lokhu ngosizo lokwebelana.

Ngokutshala, ukubeka izingqimba kufanelekile, amaqabunga kuwo afinyelele kubude be-15 cm.

Iphayinaphu ingasakazwa ngokuhlelwa

Inqubo-nyathelo-nenqubo:

Hlakaza ngokucophelela izingqimba zezimpande.
Yoma endaweni ethe mpo nendawo ephumayo ibheke phansi izinsuku ezingama-5-7 endaweni emnyama ekushiseni kwegumbi ukuze izicubu zivele ezinhlangeni. Khumbula ukuthi ukwakheka komhlaba akufanele kuthinte noma iyiphi indawo.
Thatha imbiza engu-0.3 L bese uyigcwalisa:
1. Isendlalelo sokudonsa amanzi singu-2-3 cm.
2. Inhlabathi (umhlaba we-turf (izingxenye ezi-3) + i-humus (izingxenye ezi-2) + i-peat (izingxenye ezi-2) + i-sawdust ebunjiwe (izingxenye 2) + isihlabathi (1 ingxenye). Thela amanzi abilayo ezinsukwini ezingama-1-2 ngaphambi kokutshala.
Yenza umgodi enhlabathini enomswakama obukhulu obungama-2-2,5 cm bese ubeka izendlalelo kuwo, ngemuva kokufafaza izimpande ngamalahle. Melana kancane nenhlabathi.
Mboza okufika ngo-foil bese ubeka endaweni efudumele ekhanyayo.

Amahlumela kufanele ambozwe kuze kube ukhula lwangempela.

Imithetho Yokunakekela Amaphayinaphu

Ukuze uthole isitshalo sekhwalithi, udinga ukulandela imithetho embalwa elula ye-agrotechnical, unaka ngokukhethekile ukukhanya kwezimo nokushisa, ngoba kuvela kubo ukuthi impilo nokukhula kaphayinaphu kuncike.

Isibani

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe kahle, uphayinaphu udinga amahora angama-12 wokukhanya kwemini. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukubeka isitshalo endaweni ekhanyayo, ukuhlala okuyingxenye elangeni eliqondile kuvunyelwe.

Ebusika, uphayinaphu kufanele ukhanyiswe ngesibani se-fluorescent.

Iphayinaphu idinga ukubekwa endaweni ekhanyayo, idinga amahora asemini cishe amahora ayi-12

Ukushisa

Iphayinaphu yisiko elithanda ukushisa, ngenxa yalokho kuyadingeka ukubhekisisa umbuso wokushisa, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo ngeke sikwazi ukuthuthukisa kahle. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe lingakapheli u-25-30^mayelanaC, ebusika - 18-20^mayelanaC. Futhi zama ukugwema ushintsho olungazelelwe ekushiseni nasekusalungiswa (ikakhulukazi ebusika lapho lomoya), ngoba i-hypothermia iyithinta kabi impilo kaphayinaphu futhi ingavusa ukufa kwayo.

Ukufakelwa

Kungcono ukuthi udlulise uphayinaphu unyaka nonyaka ehlobo. Isitshalo sonyaka singafakelwa ebhodweni elinomthamo we-1 litre, elineminyaka emibili elinomthamo wamalitha ama-2-2,5, oneminyaka emithathu ubudala elinomthamo wamalitha ama-3-4. Tshala ngokushesha ethangini elikhulu akukufanele, ngoba inhlabathi ingashesha ibe yi-acidic. Lapho ufaka, sebenzisa indlela yokudlulisa ukuze ulondoloze isigaxa sodaka bese ungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande: Ngale njongo, ungamnisi inhlabathi izinsuku eziningana lapho womisa, jikisa imbiza ususe isitshalo. Ekufakweni ngakunye, fafaza intamo yezimpande (indawo lapho isiqu saso sesiya ezimpandeni) ngenhlabathi engu-0.5 cm.

Inqubo-nyathelo-nenqubo:

Lungiselela imbiza yevolumu edingekayo bese uyigcwalisa ngo-1/3 ngezinto zokudonsa.
Thela inhlabathi encane ngaphezulu kwayo (ungathatha leyo efanayo eyayisetshenziswa lapho kutshalwa).
Susa uphayinaphu ebhodweni njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla bese ubeka inqwaba ephumayo enkabeni yesitsha esisha.
Iphayinaphu kufanele itshalwe ngokuya ngohlelo oluyisisekelo lokudluliselwa kwezitshalo ezifuywayo - ngenkathi kulondolozwa ukoma komhlaba ezimpandeni
Gcwalisa isikhala esingenalutho phakathi kwesitshalo nezindonga zembiza ngenhlabathi.
Nisela inhlabathi kahle bese ubeka imbiza endaweni ekhanyayo.

Iphayinaphu ayinalo uhlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukiswe ngokuqinile, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukukhetha izimbiza ezibanzi ezingashisi zalo.

Ukunisela

Kunezici eziningana ezihlobene nokunisela okufanele kaphayinaphu:

Ukunisela, udinga ukusebenzisa amanzi ngokushisa okungenani kwama-27^mayelanaC. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuyifaka ku-acid ngokungeza i-citric acid (1/5 tsp. Powder ku-250 ml wamanzi).
Akukho ukuvumelana phakathi kwabalimi ukuthi ungawunisela kanjani kahle uphayinaphu, ngakho-ke funda izindlela ezahlukahlukene bese ukhetha okukulungele kakhulu:
- Ukunisela endaweni yokuphehla ugesi. Uma ufuna ukunisela uphayinaphu ngale ndlela, kwenze kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-7- 7, bese uthambisa inhlabathi kuphela lapho womisa noma ubeke imbiza egqomeni ngethayela elinganyakazisiwe. Uma amanzi ku-stagnates ephumayo, bese uzama ukuwasusa, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga angaqala ukubola. Kungaphakama futhi isimo sokuthi indawo ephumayo ayinamunca nhlobo amanzi. Kulokhu, qhubeka unisela inhlabathi.
- Ukunisela inhlabathi. Kwenziwa kaningi - cishe kanye njalo emavikini ama-2, kuyilapho kudingeka ukuthambisa zonke izingqimba zenhlabathi, ngenkathi kugwenywa ukunganyakazi kwamanzi, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zizoqala ukubola.
Fafaza amaqabunga njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3 noma uzesule ngendwangu emanzi. Uma uphayinaphu uthola amanzi kahle, ungashiya isamba esincane sawo emaphethelweni amaqabunga womugqa ophansi, ukuze ungamisi izimpande.
Ebusika, ukuthambisa kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi ezi-2 kaningi kunasehlobo. Kungcono ukwenqaba ukufafaza ngalesi sikhathi.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Umanyolo we-Organic kanye namaminerali ungasetjenziselwa ukondla uphayinaphu. Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa umanyolo wemvelo, khona-ke kuleli cala isixazululo se-mullein sihamba phambili. Ilungiselelwe kanjena:

Hlanganisa i-organics eyomile (50 g) namanzi ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo.
Shiya ukugcizelela ngaphansi kwesivalo sezinsuku ezingama-7-10 endaweni efudumele neyomile.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, hlamba ikhambi eliphuma ngamanzi, uthathe ingxenye eyi-1 yomxube engxenyeni eyi-1 yomxube.

Ungalungisa isixazululo sezingubo eziningi eziphezulu ngasikhathi sinye futhi usigcine esitsheni esivalwe kakhulu. Isizini, amathini amabili wamalitha ama-3 ajwayele ukulungiswa. Ngokuphakelwa okukodwa kwesitshalo esisha (iminyaka engama-2-2,5), kudingeka isixazululo esiyi-10-15 ml, kwesidala - 20-30 ml, esetshenziswe ngaphansi kwempande emhlabathini oswakanyiswe ngaphambili. Le ndlela yokudla ifaneleka uma kungenzeka ukubeka imbiza yophayinaphu kuvulandi noma ku-greenhouse ehlobo.

Ungase futhi uphakamise uphayinaphu ngomanyolo wezimbali (i-Agricola, Kemira, Azalea), usuyilungisile ngokwemiyalo, kepha ukuthatha impuphu amahlandla ama-2 kunokunconyelwa ukondla ezinye izitshalo. Kulokhu, ukuphuma kanye namaqabunga kufanele kufafazwe. Kungcono futhi ukusebenzisa i-mineral tata ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, bese ubuyela ku-organics futhi. Kuyinto engathandeki ukusebenzisa lime kanye nomlotha njengamanyolo. Iphayinaphu idinga ukondliwa ngemuva kokuthi ifinyelele eminyakeni engu-1.5-2, isikhathi esingu-1 ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ukuya kwezi-20 kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.

Abalimi abaningi bezimbali batusa ukufafaza uphayinaphu ngesixazululo se-iron sulfate (1 g kafulawa nge-1 litre yamanzi). Inqubo efanayo kufanele yenziwe kanye ngenyanga kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMashi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba.

Ukuvusa izimbali

Imvamisa, uphayinaphu uqala ukuqhakaza ngonyaka wesithathu emva kokutshala. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke ungavuselela ngokwakho ukuqhakaza ngokwakho ngokunika isitshalo ngentuthu noma ukusithulula ngesixazululo esikhethekile. Kepha qaphela: inqubo yokuvuselela ingenziwa kuphela ngezitshalo eziqinile, ezikhule kahle, amaqabunga awo efinyelele kubude obuyi-60 cm, kanti isisekelo sokuphuma sinobubanzi obungu-8-10 cm

Ithebula: izindlela zokuqhakaza ukugeleza kaphayini

Indlela	Ubuchwepheshe
Ukunisela nge-calcium carbide solution (acetylene)	Thela i-calcium carbide (1 tsp) ngamanzi (500 ml) uhlanganise. Imela usuku esitsheni esivalekile. Thela isixazululo esiphumela esitsheni esihlukile. Baphuze izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Ukunisela okukodwa kuzothatha isisombululo esingu-50 g.
Ukuhlanganisa	Beka isikhwama sepulasitiki ebhodweni likaphayinaphu. Beka izitsha zensimbi ngamalahle ambalwa abilayo ngaphansi kwesikhwama noma uzibeke phansi. Ungasebenzisa ugwayi. Khanyisa kokwehla imizuzu eyi-10. Phinda inqubo izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesikhawu sezinsuku eziyi-7-10.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo ezivuselelayo	Faka ezimbalwa (imvamisa ama-3-4 ama-PC.) Ama-apula avuthiwe, ubhanana, noma utamatisi ebhodweni phansi. Beka isikhwama sepulasitiki ngaphezulu kaphayinaphu. Shiya amasonto amabili. Uma izithasiselo ziqala ukubola, zingenele ezintsha. Le ndlela isebenza uma izinga lokushisa lekamelo lingama-26^mayelanaC.

Ukunakekelwa kwamaphayiphu ku-greenhouse

Uma une-greenhouse efudumele, ungazama ukhula uphayinaphu kuyo:

Lungisa umhlabathi. Kufanele ibe nengxube yenhlabathi yengadi, i-humus, i-peat ngamanani alinganayo nesihlabathi (idinga ukuthathwa amahlandla ama-2 ngaphansi kwanoma iyiphi enye ingxenye). Ungqimba lomhlabathi lungama-25-35 cm.
Nyakazisa inhlabathi bese uphonsa ama-rosette noma ama-cutter kuwo ibanga eli-1 m ukusuka komunye nomunye kwizimbobo ezi-3-5 cm ngokujulile.

Isimo esikhulu ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-25^mayelanaC, izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-20^mayelanaC.

Iphayinaphu ikhula kahle emabhokisini amakhulu afakwe eziteshini ukuze ibambe izinto zokushisa eziphansi kwazo.

Ukunakekelwa kwezindawo kuyafana nasekhaya. Zama ukunisela izitshalo nge-acidified ngamanzi e-citric acid, izinga lokushisa lakhona lingaphansi kunezinga lokushisa ku-greenhouse. I-acetylene, esikhundleni se-fumigation, ingasetshenziswa ukukhuthaza ukuqhakaza izimbali ukuze kungalimazi ezinye izitshalo.

Amaphayinaphu angatshalwa ngempumelelo ku-greenhouse

Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo

Iphayinaphu isitshalo esine-immune eqinile engaqinile, kepha kunezinkinga eziningana ongabhekana nazo lapho uzalanisa lesi sitshalo:

Amacembe omayo. Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi uma isitshalo sikhanya ngqo elangeni noma izinga lokushisa liphezulu ngokweqile. Hambisa ibhodwe endaweni epholile noma enomthunzi bese ulifafaza ngamanzi.
Ukufiphaza amaqabunga. Isibonakaliso sokuntuleka kokukhanya, ngakho-ke hlela isitshalo endaweni ekhanyayo.
Ukubola kwesisekelo. Lokhu kungenxa yokunyuka komswakama nokubanda. Beka uphayinaphu endaweni efudumele bese wenza inhlabathi yomile. Qhubeka nokunisela okungatheni.

Ithebula: Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Pineapple

Inambuzane	Izimpawu zokwehlula	Izindlela zokulawula
Isihlangu	Isitshalo siyama ukukhula, amaqabunga aso omile futhi afe. Amashidi ambozwe ngamabala ansundu. Kuvela isithombo emswaneni.	Cwilisa i-swab yekotini esixazululweni (insipho ewuketshezi (15 ml) + utshwala obusetshenzisiwe (10 ml) + amanzi (1 l) bese usula izindawo ezithintekile. Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi isixazululo akufanele sivunyelwe ukungena enhlabathini. Ngosuku olulandelayo, geza izindawo ezinosawoti ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Ngemuva kokususwa ngomshini kwezinambuzane, phatha uphayinaphu ngokulungiselela okukhethekile (Actellik, Aktara, Fonesiatsid), ikakhulukazi unaka ingaphakathi lamaqabunga.
Isikhala sesicabucabu	Isitshalo sihamba kancane ekukhuleni bese siba buthaka. Kuvela amachashazi amhlophe noma aphuzi ngamaqabunga. Ifomu le-cobweb lima simila, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziphakathi kwesiqu neqabunga.	Susa amaqabunga athinteke kakhulu. Lungiselela isixazululo sensipho bese uhlanza isitshalo ngokuphelele. Ungashiya insipho amahora amathathu, bese uhlanza ubeke isikhwama sezitshalo esimanzi. I-greenhouse idinga ukugcinwa izinsuku ezingama-2-3. Uma ungabaza ukusebenza kwesilinganiso esinjalo, khona-ke ngemuva kokugeza nokoma, faka amakhemikhali. Phatha uphayinaphu ngokuzilungiselela okukhethekile (u-Apollo, uNisoran, uSanmayt), usuwulungiselele ngokwemiyalo.
I-Mealybug	Imvamisa, izimpawu zibonakala ebusika lapho isitshalo sisezimweni ezivumayo (umoya owomile, ukuntuleka kokukhanya). Ingxenye yomoya yesitshalo kuphela ethintekayo. Izingxenye ezincane zesitshalo zehlisa ukukhula kancane. Kuvela umucu omhlophe emaqabunga.	Sula izindawo ezithintekile ngensipho nangamanzi. Zihlanze ngosuku olulandelayo. Ungasebenzisa futhi isixazululo segalikhi: gaya izingcezu ezi-4-5 bese uthela amanzi abilayo, uhambe amahora angama-24, bese usula izindawo ezonakalisiwe. Sebenzisa ukulungiselela okukhethekile (i-Rogor, Fosfamide, Aktara, Actellik, Fitoverm), usuyilungisile ngokwemiyalo.
Impande isibungu	Lesi sinambuzane sithinta izimpande zesitshalo, kunzima ukusibona ngezimpawu zangaphandle. Umuntu kufanele aqaphele uma, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, uphayinaphu uyeka ukukhula bese kuvela ukubonakala kwamaqabunga emaqabungeni awo (emva kwalokho ancipha abese efa). Kulokhu, ususe ebhodweni bese uhlola ngokucophelela izimpande. Uma uqaphela izinambuzane ezincane ezimhlophe, bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha.	Hlanza izimpande zikaphayinaphu usike izindawo ezithinteke kakhulu Beka izimpande zikaphayinaphu imizuzu engama-20 emanzini afudunyezwe ku-55^mayelanaC. Bese ususa futhi womile amahora ayi-12-16. Hlambulula imbiza kahle bese ushintsha inhlabathi. Ngemuva kokutshala, phatha uphayinaphu ngomuthi okhethekile (Actara, Dantop, Mospilan, Spirotetramat).

Igalari yezithombe: osongela uphayinaphu

: Isihlangu esikalini sithinta izitshalo eziningi zasekhaya, uphayinaphu asikho

: Iphayinaphu iyayeka ukukhula ngenxa yomsebenzi wempande

: Ukumboza okumhlophe kwe-waxy emaqabungeni kuwuphawu lokubonakala kwe-mealybug

: I-spider mite ayibonakali ngeso lenyama, kepha iminxa yokusebenza kwayo iyabonakala ezitshalweni

Lapho ulawula izinambuzane, kungakuhle ukuthi usebenzise amakhemikhali, kungagcini ekusebenzeni ngesandla. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngaphandle kwalokho izinambuzane zabantu abadala zibhujisiwe, amaqanda ahlala eqinile. Funda ngokucophelela imiyalo yesidakamizwa: kungenzeka ukuthi uzodinga ukuthi uphinde usebenze kabusha. Uma unezinye izitshalo, hlela uphayinaphu endaweni ehlukile ukuze unciphise ingozi yokutheleleka. Indawo lapho ibhodwe likaphayinaphu lalimi khona kufanele ligezwe kahle ngensipho yokuhlanza noma ngebhulashi.

Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zephayinaphu

Ekhaya, ungakhula uphayinaphu ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene. Ukuzala kabusha nokunakekela kuzo zonke izimo kuyafana.

I-Bract uphayinaphu

Izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile zikaphayinaphu ezinesici esimangazayo: kusukela ekuchayweni yilanga, amaqabunga awo athola imibala yobomvu obomvu. Amaqabunga afinyelela kubude obu-1 m, abe nemivimbo emhlophe nephuzi. Ngokungafani namanye amaphayinaphu, lolu hlobo luphila cishe iminyaka eyi-7. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa. Ilungele ukuzalela ekhaya.

Isici sikaphayinaphu omfishane ubukhona bemivimbo

I-Pineapple Caena

Isihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama okungu-0,3-0,5 m, sinamaqabunga amaningi aluhlaza. Ilungele ukutshala indlu, ayithathi isikhala esiningi, futhi isakaze kahle ngokubekwa. Ama-prefers ase-porous, nenhlabathi akhanywa kahle. Izithelo zakha ezincane, azidluli ku-7-10 cm ubude futhi zinesisindo esingama-0.5 kg, ezingasetshenziswa njengokudla.

Izithelo zikaphayini wephayini zingasetshenziswa njengokudla.

Engingakakhuli nje emafasiteleni ami, kodwa manje ngifuna ukukutshela ngephayinaphu yaseCaena. Le phayinaphu ngethulwa kimi entwasahlobo, mhlaka 8 Mashi. Iphayinaphu lalilihle, liliwugqinsi, elinesimbali esihle sezimbali ezincane ezibomvu. Ngemuva kwenkathi ethile yesikhathi, kwaqala ukubonakala izithelo ezincane zikaphayinaphu, kuqala ziluhlaza, bese ziqala ukuphenduka ziphuzi, cishe isigamu sonyaka sadlula ukusuka ekuweni kwezimbali kuya ekubonakaleni kwezithelo eziphuzi. Izithelo zikaphayinaphu zinambitheka kamnandi kakhulu, zithambile, azifani nezathengiswa esitolo. Kuyiqiniso, ngemuva kokukhonkotha, cishe akukho lutho olwasala lapho, kodwa wonke umndeni wami wakwazi ukuzama nokuhlola. Iphayinaphu (imifino) ngokwayo ayiphakeme, 20-25 cm. Futhi izithelo zazingaba ngu-7 cm.
Raspi
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Iphayinaphu Champaka

Isihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama okungu-0,8-0.9 m, sakha amaqabunga amade aluhlaza ngokuhlanganiswa okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nemikhaba eceleni komphetho. Ekhaya, isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, ngaphandle kokwenza isithelo esidliwayo.

Iphayinaphu leChampaka livame ukusetshenziswa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.

Ukutshala uphayinaphu akukho nzima, kwanele ukukulungiselela kahle ukutshala nokulandela imithetho elula yokunakekelwa. Landela zonke izincomo, futhi uzothola isitshalo esihle esingeke sisebenze nje njengomhlobiso wekhaya lakho, kodwa futhi sithokozise isivuno.