Ungawanakekela kanjani ama-cherries entwasahlobo nasekwindla: imiyalo enemininingwane

Intwasahlobo nokwindla kuyizikhathi ezimbili lapho izihlahla esivandeni zenza izinguquko ezinkulu. Kumuntu osebenza engadini, isikhathi esisodwa nesinye yisikhathi esikhulu kunazo zonke ngokomsebenzi owenziwe. Lokhu okuqukethwe ngezansi kuzokusiza ukuhlela ukunakekelwa kwe-cherry ngesikhathi soshintsho ngokulondolozwa kwesikhathi okukhulu kakhulu.

Izinsuku ezikhulayo, ikhalenda yomsebenzi

Zonke izindlela ezidingekayo zokunakekelwa kwezihlahla ze-Cherry kunzima kakhulu ukuzinciphisa zibe yisikimu esilula, ngoba eziningi zazo, ngokwesibonelo, ukondla noma ukucubungula kusuka ezinambuzaneni, zidinga ukwakhiwa ngawodwana. Abanye abalimi baphatha izihlahla kusuka ezinambuzaneni kanye entwasahlobo kanye ekwindla, abanye badinga ukwelashwa okungafika ku-4-5 ngesizini.

Ikhalenda lomsebenzi oyinhloko: Itafula

Ukwelashwa kusuka ezinambuzaneni nasezifo kufanele kwakhiwe ngawodwana. Ezinye izifo zingadinga ukwelashwa okuvame ukuxhaswa, ngokwesibonelo, ziphatha inhlabathi ngokumelene nesibanda ngisho nangaphambi kokuqala kwentwasahlobo, ekuqaleni kokuqedwa kwamahlamvu, ngemuva kokuqhakaza nangemva kokuvuna.

Ukunakekelwa kungabonakala kahle kangakanani ekuvuneni nasekukhuleni konyaka - hhayi ngaphansi kwama-30- 40 cm ngesizini. Izinzuzo ezinkulu kakhulu nazo azisihambeli kahle - lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi sitshalo sigcwele umanyolo we-nitrogenous, kamuva siyozala, futhi ngeke sibe nesikhathi sokulungiselela ubusika.

Vele, isikhathi sihluka ngesifunda. Akufanele ugxile kakhulu ezinsukwini njengemicimbi ethile yemvelo: ukuqala kokugeleza kwe-sap, ukuqala kweziqalo eziqinile, isimo sezulu. Ohlelweni lwesikhathi ngokubona kwabo nangokuya ngemibandela, lezi zinhlobo zomsebenzi ezilandelayo zenziwa:

1. Ukhulula inhlabathi ezungeze izihlahla.
2. Ukhula.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwezifo, ukuqoqwa kwezinambuzane, ukwelashwa okungakahlelwanga.
4. Ukunisela.

Whitewashing isithelo se-cherry ngaphambi kokugeleza kwe-sap

Ukusakazeka kwama-cherries - izindlela eziphambili

I-Cherry isatshalaliswa ngempumelelo ngazo zonke izindlela, zombili zemifino kanye nembewu. Vele, ngesikhathi sokusakazwa kwembewu, akuyona yonke inhlobo yazo efeza izici zokuhlukahluka, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi indlela ayithandwa kakhulu. Isetjenziselwa ngenkuthalo ama-cherries azwayo akhulayo, aphindaphinda ngempumelelo izimpawu zezitshalo zomama, amasheya akhulayo noma izihlahla ezimelana kakhulu nezimo ezinzima zasendaweni.

Ukusakazwa cherries by cuttings entwasahlobo

Ama-cutways athathwa njengotshani - ehlobo, futhi ancipha - emva kokuwa kwamaqabunga nangaphambi kokuvuswa kwezinso.

Ukusakazeka kwama-cuttings we-cherry lignified

Ukusika kuvunwa ekwindla noma ebusika. Zithathwa kuphela ezihlahleni ezinempilo. Ububanzi - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-4 mm. Zigcinwa esiqandisini kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Ungagxila kanjani?

1. Kubalulekile ukuthi izimpande ziqale ukukhula ngaphambi kwezinso. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isiqu sizofa. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukubeka isibambo ngokwaso sipholile, nezimpande - ekushiseni.
2. Vuselela usike ezansi kwesibambo, wenze ukusikeka okuqondile eduze kwamagxolo, kuya ku-3-4 cm ngakunye.
3. Susa izinso eziphansi, uma ziningi kakhulu kuzo isibambo.
4. Ukucubungula indawo yokuvela kwezimpande zesikhathi esizayo ngesikhuthazi (iKornevin, Epin) ngokwemiyalo.
5. Tshala izihlahla ezisikiwe emabhokisini, ngethemba lokuthi u-10-15 cm wendawo kufanele abe esiqwini ngasinye.
6. Inhlabathi - kusuka sawdust nasemhlabeni ngesilinganiso 3 kuya ku-1. Ingxube kufanele ikhululeke, ingaphefumula. Ungabeka kuqala iblacklock ngayinye emaphaketheni ahlukile, bese uyifaka ebhokisini elijwayelekile, ukuze kuthi lapho kamuva kube lula ukuzidlulisela.
7. Izisiki zibekwa zibheke phezulu, ukuze izingcezu zifihlwe ngu-1 cm.
8. Ibhokisi ngokwalo libekwe egumbini elipholile, elikhanyayo.
9. Kusetshenziswa amadivaysi ahlukahlukene ukushisa inhlabathi, okulula kakhulu kuyizibani ezijwayelekile ze-incandescent ezitholakala esitsheni esinezimbobo, lapho kubekwa khona ibhokisi.
10. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, izimpande zizoqala ukuvela.
11. Ukudlulisa izitshalo ezincane ekwindla.

Ukusakazwa cherries nge ukusikwa oluhlaza

Izilimo zivunwa kuze kube maphakathi nehlobo. Amagatsha aluhlaza aqinile akhethwa kusuka ohlangothini oluseningizimu. Sika ngokobuciko. Izimbambo zifakwe emanzini, iziqongo ezinamaqabunga zinqunywe. Kukhona ukusikwa okunamaqabunga amaningana. Zitshalwe ebhokisini eligcwele ingxube yokuphefumula. Ebusika, amabhokisi ayembiwa, entwasahlobo, ukusika okugxilile kudluliselwa endaweni engapheli. Imithetho yokutshala iyafana nakwizithombo ezincane.

Izitshalo ezitholakala kuma-cuttings aluhlaza ziqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka emva kokutshala endaweni ehlala njalo.

Ukusakazwa cherries by amahlumela

Ukukhula cherries kusuka amahlumela izimpande kungenye yezindlela ezilula. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukusika kwezimpande kuhlukaniswe esihlahleni sikamama, kudonsa kuze kube sezingeni lama-45 degrees. Lapho nje kuvela amahlumela amasha, atshalwa endaweni yaphakade.

Iminyaka engu-25 ubudala isithombo sezithelo

Ukusakazwa kwemifino kwama-cherries: ukugoma

Enye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zezinhlobo ezingandile, ezinezithelo ezinkulu nezinhlobo sekwephuzile. Lapho kukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, izinhlobo ezinjalo azizidli izimfanelo zokuhlukahluka; kuthatha isikhathi eside ukulinda ukuthola okuvela kwizithombo ezinonyaka owodwa. Khipha ama-cherries ngezindlela zokuhluma, ukukopisha, ukwahlukanisa ngaphezulu kwegxolo. Ama-cherries asendle, ama-cherries, ama-plums asetshenziswa njenge-stock. Izimpande ezinhle kakhulu zamakheli zithathwa njengezasendle ikhekhe zasendle, i-Rubin, OVP-2, P-7, VTs-13 ne-compact VSL-2.

Khula Cherry kusuka Bone

Ukukhula cherries kusuka imbewu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole izitshalo eziqinile zivumelaniswe nezimo zesifunda. Le ndlela ilungele ama-cherries azwayo nezinhlobonhlobo ngazinye. Imbewu, njengazo zonke izitshalo zezithelo zamatshe ezihlangabezana nesikhathi eside sokuphumula, zidinga ukuhlehliswa. Indlela enhle kunazo zonke: khulula imbewu ethathwe kuma-cherries amasha kusuka epulpiti, ayeke anciphe, axube nesihlabathi, abeke endaweni evamile yesiqandisi izinyanga ezi-5. Entwasahlobo (Ephreli-Mashi) hlwanyela ezimbizeni. Lapho nje umhlabathi ufudumala, izithombo ezincane zitshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo. Uma izimo zivuma, ungaphula amathambo ku-vivo: kulokhu, atshalwa ekwindla.

Ukuchelela efanele cherries

Ama-Cherry alwa nesomiso, awathandi umswakama owedlulele. Kodwa-ke, entwasahlobo nasehlobo, uma zoma kakhulu, ama-cherries aniselwa kakhulu. Amaviki ama-3-4 ngaphambi kokuvunwa, ukuthambisa kumisiwe. Ukunisela ngokweqile kuzoholela ezifweni, amajikijolo ayoqhekeka futhi abole. Komuthi omncane we-Cherry omncane, amabhakede ama-1-2 amanzi kudingeka ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Phinda izikhathi ezi-4-5 ngesizini noma kaningi, kuze kube izikhathi eziyi-15, okungukuthi, isikhathi esingu-1 njalo emavikini angama-1-2 - imvamisa incike ngokuphelele ezimeni. Kunoma ikuphi, khumbula ukuthi izithombo ezincane zinesistimu encane yezimpande, etholakala ungqimba lomhlaba olungaphezulu. Ingomile ngokushesha ngokwanele, ngakho ngonyaka wokuqala ama-cherries anaka kakhulu. Izihlahla ezindala ziniselwa kathathu ngesizini, zithathe amabhakede angama-2-4 esihlahleni ngasinye, ngokuya ngosayizi wazo. Isikhathi sokunisela - kusihlwa noma ekuseni kakhulu, musa ukuhambisa amanzi ntambama.

Ukunisela okufanele cishe kwayo yonke izihlahla zezithelo kuyafana. Kuchazwe ngezansi emyalweni ngesinyathelo-ngesinyathelo ngesithombe ekuqaleni kokuvuthwa:

1. Kwakhiwa indandatho nobuhlalu ezungeze isihlahla. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze amanzi angabe esasakazeka ngaphezulu kwendawo.
   

   Groove ezungeze isihlahla sika-cherry sokunisela

2. Amanzi akufanele ame eduze kwesiqu, ukuze angaqedi izifo zokushisa nezamagxolo.
   

   Umuthi owodwa omdala uzodinga amathini amahlanu wokunisela amalitha ayi-10

3. Ngemuva kokuthi amanzi amunwe, ungadabula isithombo esimbiwe nge-chopper ukuze umswakama ungashwibi kangako.
   

   Ukuze umswakama ungashintshi, inhlabathi ezungeze lesi sihlahla iyakhululwa bese idonswa ngopelepele

Kungenzeka ukuthi uthele amanzi abilayo ngaphezulu kwama-cherries

Amanzi abilayo, noma ngaphambi kokuchithwa kwezinso, aniselwa yizitshalo zezithelo ukuwasusa izinambuzane. Ngenkathi amanzi efakwa emgqonyeni wokunisela futhi uhanjiswa kulesitshalo, ubanda kuze kufike ekushiseni okudingayo - 80 ° C. Le ndlela yasendulo isetshenziswa ngempumelelo kuma-gooseberries, currants. Akukho datha ekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi abilayo ukucubungula ama-cherries. Cishe akekho owazama le ndlela, noma wazama, kodwa wangaphumelela, futhi njengendlela yesintu, akazange avele. Kwama-cherries nezithelo zezithelo, ezinjengama-apula kanye namapheya, sebenzisa isifutho se-Bordeaux ingxube.

Nini ukuchelela cherries entwasahlobo, ehlobo, ekwindla

Ukunisela kwentwasahlobo yokuqala kakhulu - ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokutshala isithombo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze uhlanganise inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla futhi unikeze izimpande ngokusinda okungcono. Ngentwasahlobo, bagxila esikhathini sezimbali, ngokuya ngesifunda. Futhi ukuthambisa kungadingeka ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa nokugcwaliswa kwamajikijolo. Thinta inhlabathi uma yomile futhi ingwevu kuye ekujuleni kwe-chopper, futhi isimo sezulu sishisa futhi somile, umuthi kufanele uniselwe.

Ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga ama-cherries, ukuchelela ngaphambi kobusika noma ukushaja okuswelayo kwenziwa, lokhu kuvumela izihlahla ukuba zilungele kangcono ubusika. Naphezu kwesimo sokuphumula, ebusika, izihlahla nazo zilahlekelwa umswakama. Ukugwema ukudonswa kobusika futhi unikeze izimpande izimo ezikhululekile kakhudlwana, ukushaja komswakama kuyadingeka. Kufanele ibe miningi, izothatha amalitha angama-40 kuye kwangama-100 wamanzi, kuya ngosayizi nobudala bezihlahla.

Ama-nuances ekunakekelwa kwe-cherry ezifundeni ezihlukene zokulima

I-Cherry ayisona isitshalo esidangalisa ukwedlula zonke; ikhula kahle futhi ithela izithelo e-Ukraine, eBelarus. E-Urals, eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga eSiberia, eMpumalanga Ekude, kungcono ukukhetha izinhlobo ezivumelaniswe nezimo zalezi zifunda ezithile. Esigabeni esiphakathi, isiko likhula kahle, blooms, kepha kufanele usebenze kanzima ukuthola izitshalo.

Ukunakekelwa okufanele kuqala ngokukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zesifunda sakho:

1. Isifunda saseMoscow kanye nezifunda ezisenyakatho ezengeziwe, ngokwesibonelo, isifunda iTver: Turgenevskaya, Morozovka, Kharitonovskaya, Dessert Morozova, Zhukovskaya, Griot Moscow, wazizwa uNatalie.
2. Isithsaba esikhulu sazizwa sihle kakhulu eMpumalanga Ekude: U-Alice, uKrasnaya Fairy, Tsarevna, Natalie.
3. ISteppe Cherry yaseSiberia: Ob, Blizzard, Krasa Altai, Maksimovskaya, i-Altai swallow nezinye izinhlobo zokuzalela i-Altai.
4. E-Siberia, kufanele kukhethwe izinhlobo ezisetshenziselwa ukuqaphela kwezimbali sekwephuzile. Kepha khumbula ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa kakhulu zekrimu ejwayelekile yalezi zifunda, ngonyaka we-2018 kwiRegional State kukhona uhlobo olulodwa kuphela - iGradskaya, ebekelwe ama-Urals. Kufanele ubheke ama-cherries athile, ama-nzalo, noma ukhule ama-cherry ngokuxhunyelelwa esitokisini esilwa nesithwathwa.

Amaphoyinti okubaluleke kakhulu wokuhamba ngokuya ngesifunda:

1. Ezindaweni ezibandayo, kubalulekile ukufihla kahle ama-cherries ebusika - kwezinye izinhlobo izinkuni ngokwazo zibanda, kwezinye iziqhakaza zezimbali ziyafa. Amagatsha ama-cherries e-bush agobile ukuze iqhwa liwafihle ngokuphelele. Ngezindlela ezijwayelekile, isiqu sisongekile. Cabanga ngokuvikela ukuvikela kumagundane, ukwanda.
2. Kukhona ukubuyekeza ukuthi noma yimiphi imizamo yokutshala ama-cherries engadini eSiberia, e-Urals, izophumelela. Inkinga ixazululwa ngezindlela eziningi: ukukhulisa izithombo kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, ukukhetha nokuthenga izinhlobo ezifanele ezinkulisa zasendaweni, ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi okufanele. Kunakekelwa kakhulu okuncane kakhulu lapho kulungiswa inhlabathi, futhi lesi yisikhathi sokunakekelwa - amaphutha ngeke abonakale ngokushesha, kepha ngokuqinisekile azoba nomthelela.
3. Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, ama-cherries athinteka kakhulu yi-moniliosis. Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kumele kube njalo.

Ukuvikela isiqu se-cherry emonakalweni ngamagundane

Izici zokunakekela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zam Cherry

Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zama-cherries akhona emvelweni, njengomthetho, kukhule kuphela izinhlobo ezimbili zama-orchards: ama-cherries ajwayelekile futhi azwelayo. IDwarf ibizwa ngeyesibili. Kunezinye izinhlobo ezihlangene zama-cherries: i-glandular (kuze kufike ku-1.5 m), i-warty (kusuka ku-0.5 m kuya ku-1 m), i-grey-hair (kufika ku-1.5 m), i-Kuril (kuze kufike ku-1.5 m), i-steppe (kusuka ku-20 m cm to 1.5 m), sandy (kufika ku-1.5 m), kepha akuvamile futhi acacisiwe. Bona, kanye nokuzizwa, bahlulwa ngisho nangaphandle kuhlobo oluhlukile - i-microcherry. Basondele kakhulu kuma-plums, awanqamuki ngama-cherries ajwayelekile, kepha ayabekezelela izithelo eziningi zamatshe ezihlobene: amaplamu, i-apricot, amapetshisi. Namuhla, ngesisekelo salezi cherries, izinhlobo eziningi, ezincane nezincane, ezinezimfanelo ezahlukahlukene, ziye zakhuliswa. Isibonelo, enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezihlotshisiwe zama-steppe cherries yiFirst Steppe. Isihlahla sikhula impela, sinomqhele ovundile okhuphukile, obusika obunzima kakhulu, onamajikijolo amancane. Ngokuqondene ne-sand cherry, namuhla e-Russian Federation izinhlobo ezingama-6 kuphela ezibhalisiwe futhi zonke zivunywa irejista kuphela ngonyaka we-2018.

Naka. Ukuqagela kwabathengisi ngobuqili ngesifiso sabalimi sokuba nokuncane, kepha izitshalo ezikhiqizayo engadini azidlulanga futhi ngo-cherry. Izinhlobo eziningi ezithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama elithi "mncane", "i-miniature cherry" azifakwanga kwiRegista Yombuso, zinomsuka ongacacile, ukuthi izimfanelo zazo zangempela azikaziwa muntu.

Ake sithinte emaphuzwini aphambili wokunakekela ama-cherries athile:

1. USteppe Cherry. Obunjiwe bush, kunezindlela ezijwayelekile. Okumelana kakhulu nesithwathwa Kuvunwa ngisho nasezindaweni ezibandayo, ngoba ebusika kwanele ukugoba amagatsha ukuze iqhwa limboze kahle. Njengomthetho, kuyazenzela, ngalokho-ke izinhlobo eziningi zitshalwa eduzane. Yakha ukukhula okuningi kwezimpande, okungasetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kabusha. Kusakazwa kahle ukusikwa okuluhlaza.
2. I-sand cherry. Homeland - North America, ngakho-ke, ezweni lethu, izizwa isekhaya. Engazithobanga, ikhula ngokushesha, ithanda izindawo ezivulekile ezinelanga, nenhlabathi evundile ene-hygroscopic. Inani elifanele lokudla kwenhlabathi alifuneki. Ibekezelela isithwathwa nesomiso.
3. I-Ferruginous Cherry. Ubizwa nangokuthi i-sakura yaseRussia.Izinhlobo ze-Alba Plen neRosea Plen zibukeka kahle kakhulu. Imvelaphi yaseKorea, China, izingxenye eziseningizimu ye-Primorsky Territory. Ngothando, izithelo ziyavela, zidla ubusika, kepha kumakhaza amakhulu angenawo amahlumela angalimali. Ingakhula ezifundeni eziningi zaseRussia, kepha-ke, ezimeni zase-Urals noma eSiberia ezinobusika obubukhali bezwekazi, kuzodinga indawo yokuhlala ngokucophelela ebusika. Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa ngokushesha lapho izinsongo zokuqandusela zidlula.
4. Umbala ompunga. Engagugi, ingamelana nesomiso kakhulu, kepha ithanda ukushisa, ilinyazwa kakhulu yiqhwa. Ngakho-ke, bawutshala ezindaweni ezifudumele zaseRussia. Kuyathandwa eTurkey, eTranscaucasia.
5. I-Kuril cherry. Imvelaphi yaseSakhalin nasezifundeni ezisenyakatho zeJapan. Ukuhlobisa kakhulu entwasahlobo nasekwindla, lapho amaqabunga aba bomvu okhanyayo. Ikhula kancane. Idinga ukuvikelwa emoyeni, iqinile kanzima, kepha ithanda ngokufudumele. Kutshalwe ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi enenhlabathi enamanzi amaningi.
6. UWarty Cherry. Endle, kukhula eTajikistan, Altai nasePamirs. Ngempela isihlahlana sentaba. Izidingo ezinjenge-cherries eziningi: indawo enelanga ekhanyayo, inhlabathi ye-hygroscopic, akukho ukushuba komswakama. Kuyivelakancane esikweni.

Izimbali ze-cherry glandular

Ungayikhulisa kanjani i-cherry emfushane

Ukukhula kuqala ngokukhethwa kwezinhlobo. Uma kunesifiso sokuthatha ubungozi, khona-ke kungcono ukukhetha i-cherry eyazwayo. Uvela eChina, ngakho-ke uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ungumShayina. Lesi sitshalo sesizibonakalise ngokwaso eRussia: ebusika-i-hardy, okusakazwa kalula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, ukuqhakaza izithelo, kusebenza kakhulu ngesikhathi sezimbali. Namuhla kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, kusukela ekuqaleni kokuvuthwa kuze kube sekupheleni kokuvuthwa, kukhona ezingafani nezinye, ngokwesibonelo, izinhlobonhlobo zeBelaya ezinezithelo ezingama-ukhilimu.

Izici ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-cherry ezwa:

1. Ama-cherries ajwayelekile ngofuzo futhi azizwa esehlukanisiwe futhi awahlanganisi.
2. Ukuvuna kuvuthwa kusuka ngasekupheleni kukaJuni kuya ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi.
3. Izimbali ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, zinde futhi ziningi, amasonto ama-2. Izimbali ziyabekezelela iqhwa kuya ku-3 ° C.
4. Kuqala ukuthela izithelo kuqala: Izitshalo ezivela ku-cuttings eluhlaza iminyaka emi-3, zaxhunyelelwa - okwesibili, kusuka ezinhlanyelweni - kweye-4.
5. Esomeni, izithelo zingaba zincane, kepha zingathambekele ekuchitheni.
6. Izithelo zivuthwa ngezinsuku eziyi-10, zingakwazi ukubambelela esihlahleni isikhathi eside.
7. Isivuno esihlahleni singama-5.5-14 kg. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, amarekhodi ayenzeka - aze afike ku-20 kg ukusuka esihlahleni.
8. Ibekezelela iqhwa. Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-40 ° C, amagatsha wamathambo angaqhakaza kuye. Ngakho-ke, izihlahla zobusika ziyasindwa, zipinwe, zimbozwe nge-burlap, ukuze kuthi lapho kuqala iziqhwa zeqhwa zingambozwa ngokuphelele yiqhwa. Amagatsha aqandisiwe asikwa entwasahlobo.
9. Isitshalo sizala kabusha ngokuzitshala.

Gwema cherries ngesikhathi sezimbali

Ukutshalwa kwama-cherries ama-Chinese (azizwe) amfushane akufani kangako nemithetho ejwayelekile yama-cherries:

1. Izitshalo ezitholwe yimbewu noma izindlela zemifino zitshalwa ezindaweni ezinelitha kahle. Emthunzini, ama-cherries aphakeme kakhulu, athela kakhulu izithelo.
2. Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo lingama-1.5-2 m, ukuvalwa komqhele - kuye eminyakeni engama-8-10.
3. Inhlabathi ilula, i-loam noma i-sandy loam, ikhishwe kahle. I-Acidic, usawoti, inhlabathi esindayo, amanzi aphansi omhlaba, inhlabathi yobumba, indawo ephansi, i-peat bog - zonke lezi zinhlobo zenhlabathi azifanele ukulinywa. Isitshalo singatshalwa kubo, siyokhula ngisho, kepha akufanele ulindele isivuno esihle nokutshala kwekhwalithi, futhi ngemuva kweminyaka engama-2-3 i-cherry kungenzeka ife.
4. Lapho utshala futhi ulungisa inhlabathi, izimo zezulu nazo ziyabhekwa. Uma isifunda somile ngokwanele, i-loam nayo ifanelekile. Lapho ihlobo lingabanda khona futhi kube manzi, ukugcwala kwesihlabathi kungcono kakhulu.
5. Ukuzala kwenhlabathi akudingeki, kungakhula enhlabathini ompofu. Ukuphela kwento engakwazi ukuma kungukuqina komswakama. Izimpande ezisebenzayo zama-cherries azizwe zingashonile - kuze kube ngu-30-35 cm, kuyadingeka ukunakekela izimfanelo ezibonakalayo zenhlabathi. Kufanele kudlule umswakama nomoya kahle.
6. Akayithandi inhlabathi ene-acidic. Ngaphambi kokutshala bese kuba nengqondo ukulawula i-acidity yenhlabathi ngokuhlolwa kwe-litmus. Izinga olifunayo le-acidity ngu-6.7-7.1 pH.

Izithelo of wazizwa (Chinese) cherry uvuthwe

Ukunakekelwa kwekhofi kwaseChinese

Ukushiya nakho akuhlukile kakhulu ekunakekeleni ama-cherries ejwayelekile. Amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu okufanele acatshangelwe:

1. I-Felt cherry inokukhula okusebenzayo kakhulu. Isitshalo ngokushesha siqala ukuthela izithelo, ngokulandelana, futhi siguga ngokushesha. Lapho ushiya, kuzodingeka ukuthathwa okuqinile futhi okuvamile kokuguga. Kwenziwa ngokushesha nje lapho ukukhula komqhele sekuyekile, noma njalo eminyakeni engama-4-5.
2. Ngonyaka wokutshala, usike i-1/3 noma i-1/4 yobude bamagatsha amakhulu.
3. Isihlahla esidala asishiyi amahlumela angaphezu kuka-12 aqinile. Felt Cherry sithambekele ekuqineni.
4. Amagatsha wonyaka anqunywa kuphela uma zinde kakhulu - zingaphezu kuka-60 cm, kulokhu 1/3 ubude bawo buyathenwa.
5. Ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo siphele, ama-1 m okutshala enza: ama-5-7 kg wezinto eziphilayo, ama-70 g we-phosphorus, 30 g we-nitrogen, 20 g we potassium.
6. Isikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni eyi-5 sichitha ukukhawulelwa. Bumba inhlabathi, usebenzise esigcawini ngasinye. m. 200-300 g kokhilimu otshisiwe.
7. Kusatshalaliswa imbewu, ukusikwa okuluhlaza, ngokuxhunyelelwa nge-luhlaza noma ukusikwa. Kuyaqabukela, i-cherry eyazwayo isakazwa ngokusika noma ukusikwa okulukhuni. Ukukhetha indlela yokuzalela kuya ngesifunda. Ngamanzi entwasahlobo agxilile futhi nengozi enkulu yokufudumala kwe-trunk, kungcono ukutshala izitshalo kuwo. Ama-cherries amasha akhule kusuka ku-cuttings aluhlaza azwela umswakama okweqile.
8. Izithombo ze-plum, i-apricot, ne-Clone stock ye-VVA-1 zingasebenza njengesitoko.

Izihlahla nokusika

Ukuthena ama-cherries kuyiphuzu elixakile. Kukholelwa ukuthi izihlahla ze-Cherry zizwelana kakhulu nalokhu, kungcono ukuzithunga zisencane. Kukhona enye into: kucatshangwa ukuthi ayifaneleki ukusika isihlahla uma simbozwe kahle ngezimbali. Kodwa-ke, ama-cherries wokunciphisa umzimba ayadingeka uma kunesifiso sokuthola hhayi kuphela eziqhakazayo ezinhle, kodwa futhi nesivuno esikhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, okokuqala, inqubo yokuthena izihlahla ngokwayo, ikakhulukazi uma kufikwa emthini omdala, kuyinkimbinkimbi impela. Namuhla, kukhona ngisho nochwepheshe abavakashile abathi, ngemali ethile, abazokwenza izihlahla ezinamakhono cherries zabantu abadala.

Imithetho eyinhloko yokuthena izilimo zezithelo

Imithetho yokuthena incike ohlotsheni lwe-cherry: i-bushy noma isihlahla-esifana nesihlahla. Izithelo zokuqala ikakhulu ezikhula ngonyaka, ezitsheni ezinjengezihlahla, ngaphezu kokukhula konyaka, zakha emagatsheni eqembu. Ama-flower buds atholakala emagatsheni wonyaka kusuka ngaphandle komqhele. UCherry uqala ukuthela izithelo ekuqaleni kwamagatsha waminyaka yonke, okuyi-ukuqhubeka kwethambo. Ngokukhula kwesihlahla, ngeminyaka engu-15 ukuya kwengama-20, ukukhula konyaka kwenziwa buthaka kakhulu, amagatsha asemathanjeni abe engenalutho, isivuno siyancipha. Kumila waminyaka yonke obude obungaphezu kuka-40-50 cm, kwakheka izimbali nokukhula, kumfishane, izimbali ezakhiwe zakhiwa kuphela ezinhlangothini, kuthi ukukhula kube ngaphezulu. Ngemuva kokuvunwa, amagatsha anjalo ahlala engenalutho.

Ukuthena okwakhayo: imithetho eyisisekelo

Unganciphisa kanjani ama-cherries entwasahlobo

Izithombe ezinhle kakhulu zokuthena izihlahla noma ama-cherry esihlahla:

1. Ngaphambi kokuthena, kufanele uqonde ukuthi ihlosi lonyaka lesihlahla lihlelwa kanjani. Inezimbali zombili nezokukhula, eziqoqwe ngo-2-3 ifindo ngalinye. Lapho indala isihlahlana, kuba lula ukuqhuma. Ekukhuleni okufushane konyaka - 20 cm - ama-buds wokukhula akhiwe phezulu kuphela.
2. Ezihlahleni, imiqumbe yezimbali itholakala ngendlela ehlukile: kumagatsha esixhaxu, ukuqhakaza izithelo nokuphila iminyaka eminingana.
3. Ubude obulungile bokukhula konyaka kwama-cherries ama-30 cm cm.
4. Uma ukukhula kungaphezulu kuka-50 cm, kudlalwa ngokweqile ngamanyolo we-nitrogenous noma okokuqandisa kwezinso kwenzeka. Ukukhula okude kakhulu kusho inani elincishisiwe lokuqhakaza kwezimbali.
5. Amagatsha angaphansi komqhele anqunywa kumagatsha aqondiswe phezulu.
6. Uma ubude bokukhula bungaphansi kwama-20 cm, ukuthena okunamandla kakhulu kokulwa nokuguga kuyadingeka. Asusa wonke amagatsha angenampilo, lawo angenawo amagatsha nezikhula.
7. Uma izihlahla zingumgogodla, qiniseka ukuthi uthambisa okulinganiselayo ukuze isihlahla singalahli masinyane kakhulu ngesikhathi.
8. Ama-Hamps awashiyi lapho kuthenwa.

Imithetho yokunquma yokukhala nokuhumusha

Ungawasusa kanjani ama-cherries endaweni

Cherry - kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo, Yebo - yakha amahlumela aseceleni ambalwa. Lokhu kudutshulwa kususwa njalo: ngenhloso yokuzala, futhi ukuze kungathathi amandla esihlahleni esikhulu. Kwenziwa kalula nje - amahlumela anqunywa ezimpandeni. Kubalulekile ukwenza lokhu ukuze isitshalo esisha ungaqali ukukhula kusuka endaweni yokukhula emavikini ambalwa. Futhi lokhu kungaphezu kokungabakhona uma amahlumela emane nje enqunywe noma enqunywe ngaphezu kwenqanaba lomhlaba.

Ukususa amahlumela kufanelekile, ihlumela ngalinye limbiwa ngokucophelela, lifinyelela ezimpandeni ezinkulu zesihlahla esikhulu. Amahlumela anqunywa kusuka ezimpandeni, isilonda siphathwa nge-var var yengadi.

Ukukhula kwezimpande kwama-cherries kususwa kusukela endaweni yokukhula kwezimpande eziphambili

Kukhona inketho yokususa amahlumela ngesifo sokubulala ukhula ukhula - i-Roundup, iSecateurs, iSiphepho. Amahlumela angadingekile aphathwa njengokhula. Kepha akubona bonke abalimi abathanda ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali.

Ukugwema ukukhula kokugcwala endaweni, uhlelo lwempande lwama-cherries luboshwe. Basebenzisa i-linoleum, isaladi, imiphongolo yakudala engama-200 l (basikwa izindandatho), kepha uhlelo lwensimu kufanele lubucatshangelwe futhi lulungiselelwe ngaphambi kokutshala isithombo.

Ungawasusa kanjani ama-cherries engadini unomphela

Yini okufanele uyenze uma kudingekile ukususa isihlahla esidala, noma isifo, noma ngokuzayo ihlumela lempande lingaphazamisi nezinye izitshalo? Imibuzo ekhethekile idalwa ukususwa kohlelo lwezimpande - phela, izimpande ngazinye zingafinyelela ubude bamamitha ayi-3-5. Ukumelela ubukhulu bezimpande, gxila ngosayizi womqhele. Uma ukuphakama kwe-cherry kungamamitha ayi-2, khona-ke izimpande zilingana nobude obufanayo. Imiyalo ngesinyathelo-ngesinyathelo yokususa umuthi we-cherry:

1. Oda ugandaganda.
2. Isihlahla sifakwa, sishiya isiqu endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1-1,5.
3. Izimpande ezinkulu zimba ngokucophelela. Lokhu ukwenza lesi sitshalo kube lula ukukhipha nazo zonke izimpande.
4. Bopha isihlahla ugandaganda ngentambo eqinile.
5. Sula isihlahla.

Le ndlela iyasebenza impela. Kusele izimpande ezincane kuphela emhlabeni, okungezona izindlela zokusinda. Indawo ingahle icutshungulwe ukuze kubekhona okulandelayo.

Ukususwa kwezimpande ngencwadi akusebenzi, kuzodinga isikhathi esiningi nomzamo.

Kukhona izindlela zokupheka ezinosawoti:

1. Susa umqhele esihlahleni.
2. Bumba isihlahla, usike izimpande ezinkulu ezibonakalayo nezisemaphakathi.
3. Ukunyakazisa isiqu, usike izimpande ezisondele enkabeni yalo.
4. Ngemuva kokuba izimpande ezinkulu zisikiwe, sika isiqu esiphansi ngangokunokwenzeka.
5. Fafaza i-hemp ngosawoti, uyisonge ku-cellophane.
6. Shiya unyaka.
7. Ngemuva konyaka, isiphunzi sizobola.

Ubuningi obukhulu bendlela: salinization yenhlabathi ayizuzisi izitshalo.

Ungasusa kanjani izimpande ze-cherry ngaphandle kokusiphula

Ngaphandle kokususa ukhula ngaphandle kwendlela, kunendlela eyodwa kuphela yokuqothula iziqu nezimpande zezitshalo ezindala noma ezingadingekile: amakhemikhali. Izinsalela zokhuni zishiswa ngomenzeli oqinile oxidizing - nitrate. Ikuvumela ukuba uchithe nezimpande ezijulile. Inqubo le ilula: kusiqu noma izinsalela zomuthi, ekuqaleni ekwindla noma ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, izimbobo eziningi ziyachithwa. IPotassium noma i-sodium nitrate ithululelwa emigodini etholakele, iniselwa ngamanzi ukuze igcobe kangcono, ukugoqa ngefilimu, nokugqoka.

Izimbobo zokubeka i-ammonium nitrate ziyambiwa ngokuzungeza uzungu lwesiqu

Esihlahleni esiphakathi nendawo nesiqu esingu-15 cm ububanzi, kudingeka 2 kg we-nitrate.

Iziqu eziphathwe ngale ndlela azithintwa kuze kube ihlobo elizayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, zonke izimpande nesiphunzi ngokwaso, ngaphansi kwesenzo somuthi, sizokoma. Lindela ukuthi isihlahla some ngokuphelele emva kwezimvula. Manje sekwanele ukwenza umlilo eduze kwesiqu. Lapho sekushiswe ngokuphelele, inhlabathi iyambiwa. Yilokho kuphela - indawo imahhala ngokuphelele, awukwazi ukwesaba ukubukeka kokukhula kwezimpande zamakhherubi.

Esikhundleni se-ammonium nitrate, ungathatha urea. Ukulandelana kwesenzo kuyafana.

Yize isebenza ngempumelelo, indlela inezinkinga. I-nitrate ngumanyolo omuhle, kepha ngesikhathi sesenzo sesiqubu inhlabathi igcwele kakhulu ngaso, okungaba yingozi ezitshalweni eziningi zezithelo noma ezibandayo.

Bheka izindlela zokuphepha lapho usebenza ngamakhemikhali!

Ukukhishwa kwesiqu samakhemikhali - ividiyo

Vele, lapho utshala ingadi yezithelo noma utshala izihlahla ngazinye, kufanelekile ukuhlola izindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu kakhulu: ubuchwepheshe obunamandla bokuthena izihlahla, ama-nuances wokukhetha okuhlukahlukene esifundeni sakho, ukuvikela ama-cherries ezifweni, okuyinto efaneleke kakhulu kwi-Middle Strip eminyakeni yamuva. Konke lokhu, kanye nokunakekelwa okufanele entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole ukuvuna okuningi.