Igama elithi "i-pomegranate" ngesiLatini lisho "i-grainy." Ezikhathini zasendulo, izithelo zamapomegranate zazibizwa ngokuthi "ama-apula amnandi", kuthi kamuva - "ama-apula embewu". Ihalananda likhula ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esingaphansi kwendawo, likhetha ukushisa, umswakama kanye nenani elikhulu lelanga. Emvelweni, umuthi ungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-6. Ekhaya, ihalananda sihlahla sokuhlobisa esincane esifinyelela kumitha eli-1 ukuphakama ngezithelo kuze kube ngamasentimitha ayi-6.
Yini amapomegranati angatshalwa ekhaya
I-pomegranate isitshalo esingajwayelekile, futhi abaningi abazi ukuthi singatshalwa ekhaya sisuka enhlanyelweni, njengelamula nezinye izithelo zosawoti. Lokhu kulula kakhulu ukukwenza, njengoba ihalananda alidingi inhlabathi ekhethekile nokunakekelwa. Lesi sitshalo asinakhohlisa futhi sikhula kahle. Indawo engcono ukuyibeka ekhaya iwindi lelanga noma i-balcony enokushisa.
Ezithelo ezithengiwe, awungeke uthole amajikijolo wokunambitheka okuhle, ngoba cishe wonke amakhilogremu atholakalayo emakethe angama-nzalo. Kodwa ukuze ukhule into exotic enjalo kufanelekile okungenani ngenxa yezimbali ezinhle kakhulu, lapho wonke umuthi ugqoka ngokoqobo ama-inflorescence ansomi noma izimbali ngazinye. Amapomegranate esihlahla blooms ehlobo lonke.
Umuthi wamapomegranate ungaqhakaza lonke ihlobo
Ngokuvamile, i-mapomegran emincane ikhula ekhaya, ukuqhakaza kwayo okuqala kakade ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokuhlwanyela. Kunconywa ukukhipha izimbali zokuqala ukuze isitshalo sikhule siqine. Ngonyaka olandelayo, izithelo zizoboshwa. Kepha imbewu emincane yamapomegranati ingaqhakaza iminyaka eminingana. Kulokhu, kufanele kugonywe.
Isihlahla samapomegranate simelana nomoya owomile futhi sibumbene, ukuphakama kwawo akudluli imitha eyi-1. Ihalananda elinjalo livame ukuvuthwa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa. Iqhakaza kahle isikhathi eside futhi yenza ithuba lokuzijwayeza ukwakha i-bonsai.
Ungakha i-bonsai yokuhlobisa kusuka kumapomegranari amancane
Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, izinhlobo ezilandelayo sezitshaliwe:
- Ingane
- I-Uzbekistan
- Carthage
- Shah-nar;
- URuby
Ukuqoqwa nokulungiswa kwembewu yokutshala
Isikhathi esifanele sokuhlwanyela imbewu yamapomegranate, ngokusho kwabalimi, nguNovemba nangoFebhuwari. Imbewu ehlwanyelwe ngalezi zikhathi ingatshalwa ngesonto, ngesinye isikhathi ungalinda izithombo isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga.
Kungcono ukutshala eduze kwentwasahlobo, izithombo zinamandla, futhi akudingeki ukuthi uhlupheke ngokukhanya bonke ubusika.
Imbewu yokuhlwanyelwa ithathwa esithelweni esikhulu esivuthiwe ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokubola nokulimala. Imbewu evuthiwe inzima futhi ibushelelezi, imbewu inombala omhlophe noma ukhilimu. Uma umbala uluhlaza, futhi imbewu ithambile ekuthinteni, khona-ke ayifanele ukutshala.
Imbewu enzima neshelelayo iyakhethelwa ukutshala.
Lapho uthenga imbewu eyenziwe ngomumo, kuyadingeka ukuhlola usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi, isisindo sembewu, ilogo yenkampani, izinhlobonhlobo. Konke lokhu kufanele kukhonjiswe kwiphakheji. Kungcono ukuthenga esitolo esikhethekile, hhayi emakethe kubantu ongabazi.
Ilungiselela imbewu yokutshala:
- Imbewu ihlanziwe nge-pulp futhi igezwe kahle ngamanzi. Ukuze uhlanze kahle i-pulp ukuvimbela ukubola ngemuva kwalokho, hlikihla amathambo ngethawula lephepha.
Imbewu kufanele igezwe ngamanzi ihlanzwe kahle nge-pulp
- Ngemuva kwalokho afakwe emanzini amancane esosweni ngokufakwa kwamaconsi amabili noma amathathu we-Epin noma iZircon ukukhuthaza ukuhluma. Imbewu kufanele imbozwe isigamu ngamanzi bese isishiywe amahora angama-12. Amanzi kufanele afakwe njengoba ehwamuka, avimbele imbewu ukuba ingoma.
Amanzi ayangezwa njengoba ephuma.
- Isitsha sibekwa endaweni epholile ngaphandle kokusalungiswa.
Imiyalo yokufakelwa
Ukutshala imbewu yamapomegranati ekhaya, kudingeka wenze okulandelayo:
- Lungisa umhlabathi. Kungaba yinoma yisiphi, isimo esiyinhloko ukungabekezeleleki, umswakama kanye nomoya, mhlawumbe okune-acidic noma ukungathathi hlangothi (pH kusuka ku-6.0 kuya ku-7.0). Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi i-pomegranate ngeke ikwazi ukuthola izimpande kwenye inhlabathi, ezimweni zemvelo ikhula kokubumba nasesihlabathini. Kwenhlabathi eqediwe, ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kwama-roses noma ama-begonias. Ingxube enconyiwe ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo:
- humus;
- umhlaba wefudu;
- ishidi lomhlaba;
- isihlabathi somfula.
Inhlabathi elungele ukulinywa yama roses noma i-begonias ingahle ilungele ukhula lwehalananda.
- Lungiselela isitsha sokutshala. Kungaba isitsha seplastiki, ibhokisi lokhuni lezimbali noma imbiza yezimbali. Izitsha zokutshala zikhethiwe zingashoni, ngoba uhlelo lwempande lwehalananda lukhula ngobubanzi. Ubukhulu besitsha buhambisana nenani lembewu okufanele ihlwanyelwe, kucatshangelwa ibanga elithile phakathi kwabo (cishe 2 cm).
- Beka ungqimba lwamanzi ngaphansi. Njengokudonsa, ungasebenzisa:
- ubumba olwandisiwe;
- amatshe amancane
- isitini esaphukile;
- izingcezwana zamabhodwe e-ceramic.
Ubumba olwandisiwe lusetshenziswa kangcono njengokudonsa.
- Gcwalisa isitsha ngomhlabathi bese uthela amanzi ahlanzekile phezulu.
- Sakaza amathambo ngokulinganayo ngaphezulu bese uwagcwaba ngokucophelela emhlabathini ngo-1-1.5 cm. Inhlabathi engenhla kumele ikhululeke, akudingi ukwenziwa.
Umhlabathi kumele ukhululeke
- Mboza isitsha ngesembozo noma ngefilimu ukudala umphumela wokugcina ukushisa, ubeke endaweni efudumele futhi ekhanyayo.
Ividiyo: ukulungiselela nokuhlwanyelwa kwembewu yamapomegranate
Ukunakekela izithombo
Amahlumela okuqala avela ngemuva kwamasonto angaba ngu-1-2. Njengoba bekhula, ifilimu kufanele ivulwe ngezikhathi ezithile, kancane kancane yandise isikhathi sokuvula, nalapho amaqabunga ebonakala esuswe ngokuphelele. Amahlumela adinga ukufafazwa njalo, angavumeli inhlabathi yomile.
Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga, ifilimu iyasuswa
Ebusika, lapho usuku lufushane, sebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent ngokukhanyisa okungeziwe, okwandisa ubude behora lomsebenzi amahora angu-12.
Ividiyo: Ukuhlwanyela imbewu futhi kwakha ihalananda
Ukudlulisa isithombo ebhodweni elikhudlwana
Izithombo zidinga ukutshalwa ezimbizeni ezihlukile ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga eqiniso amabili noma amathathu. Khetha izitshalo eziqine kakhulu futhi ezinempilo kakhulu. Imbiza yokufika kokuqala akufanele ibe inkulu, ububanzi be-cm cm buyanele.
Ukufakwa kwesitshalo samapomegranati akubekezeleleki kahle; kuvamisile ukuthi kuhanjiswe ngesigaxa somhlaba.
Ukutshala izithombo kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Lungisa imbiza enobubanzi obungu-2-3 cm amakhulu kuneyangaphambili.
- Phansi kwembiza kubekwa ungqimba lwamanzi ayi-1-2 cm, bese inhlabathi ibe yingxenye.
- Izithombo zisuswa ngokucophelela ngesipuni noma nge-spatula kanye nomhlaba eduze nezimpande.
Izithombo zamapomegranati zithathwe kanye nenqwaba yezwe
- Beka isitshalo emhlabathini maphakathi nendawo yebhodwe elisha bese ugcwalisa isikhala samahhala ezinhlangothini ngomhlabathi ezingeni le-coma yobumba. Akudingekile ukujula - ngeke ziqhakaze.
Isithombo ngasinye sitshalwa enkabeni yebhodwe elihlukile.
- Faka amanzi afudumele bese ubeka endaweni enelanga.
Eminyakeni emithathu yokuqala, izitshalo ziyatshalwa unyaka nonyaka, kancane kancane zikhulisa ubukhulu bebhodwe. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa entwasahlobo ngokuvuvukala kwezinso. Izihlahla ezingaphezulu kweminyaka emithathu zithathelwa indawo njalo ngeminyaka emithathu noma njengoba kudingeka. Imbiza enamalitha amahlanu yanele isitshalo esidala esingaphakathi endlini. Imbiza enkulu kakhulu ingenza ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuphele.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ihalananda likhula kangcono futhi liqhakaza ebhodweni elinyene kancane.
Ividiyo: ungayifaka kanjani ipomegranati yegumbi
Ungatshala kanjani ihalananda
Ihalananda elitshalwe embewini kuyaqabukela ligcina impahla yomama. Futhi uma kuyitshe lehalananda elijwayelekile elithengiwe esitolo noma emakethe, khona-ke lizoqala ukuqhakaza futhi lithele izithelo kuphela emva kweminyaka engama-7-8.
Ukuze uthole isitshalo se-varietal, isiqu se-varietal sifakwa kuso. Ukugoma kwenziwa entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuvuswa kwezinso. I-scion ye-scion kufanele ibe nobubanzi obulingana nobubanzi besitoko.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-150 izinhlobo zokugoma. Ungakhetha noma yikuphi ngokuya ngobukhulu besitoko (i-seedling) ne-scion (ukusikwa). Cabanga ngenketho ethandwa ngamasheya amancanyana - ukopisho olula.
Amasheya amancanyana ayizilwane ezincane zasendle ezidinga ukuguqulwa zibe izihlahla ezihlukahlukene. Umnyombo wokulingisa ulula kakhulu: esitokisini naku-scion, yenza izingxenye ezilinganayo ngosayizi ofanayo bese uzicindezela ngokuqinile ukuze zikhule ndawonye.
Isitoko ne-scion kufanele kube ngokufanayo kububanzi
Ukulandelana kokusebenza:
- Sula isitoko ngenkunkuma, indwangu ehlanzekile. Endaweni ebushelelezi, yenza i-oblique isike ngisho nasendaweni engela ye-20-25 degrees. Isilayi senziwa ngommese obukhali onomnyakazo obheke ngakuwo. Ubude bokusika bukhulu kakhulu kunobubanzi ukwandisa indawo yokuxhumana kwesitoko ne-scion.
Ukusikwa kwenziwa engela elikhulu
- Yenza ukusika kwisibambo ngokufana nesitoko, ubuyise i-1 cm phansi kusuka ezingweni eziphansi. Phezulu kwesibambo ngenhla kwezinso zesithathu, yenza ukusika engela ka-45 ° ubheke ezinso.
- Xhuma i-scion esitokisini ukuze ingaphezulu lezingxenye zihlangane, bese uzicindezela ngokuqinile komunye nomunye.
- Lungisa indawo yokugoma ngokuyisonga ngokuqinile nge-tepi ye-elastic noma ifilimu yepulasitiki. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela ukuthunyelwa kwezingxenye ezixhunyiwe. Uma izinso zitholakala endaweni lapho kunomoya, khona-ke kungcono ukuyishiya ivulekile.
Indawo yokugoma imbozwe ngetheyipu noma ngefilimu
- Qoba ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-cuttings nge-varnish yengadi ukuze izinso zingome.
- Kungafakwa isikhwama sepulasitiki esihlanzekile esizeni sokugomela ukwehlisa ukuhwamuka.
Umuthi wokugoma ungabhekwa njengophumelelayo uma i-scion kanye nesitoko kukhule ndawonye kanye nezinhlamvu ziqala ukukhula. Ngemuva kokugoma ngempumelelo, i-pomegranate blooms eminyakeni eyi-3-4.
Esikhathini sethu sezulu, akunakwenzeka ukuba kukhule ihalananda engadini, kodwa abantu abathanda kakhulu bayikhulise ekhaya. Ukuze ukhule ihalananda kusuka emathanjeni endlu efasiteleni elinengqondo ngempela, alinzima futhi lihehe kakhulu.
