I-Feijoa ifana nekhabe elincanyana noma ugqumugqumu ngesikhumba esikhulu se-matte. Iphunga lamajikijolo libukhali futhi liqaqa, kusukela umkhuba kubonakala sengathi othile uzifaka ngephutha ngamakha. Igama lokufanisa iphunga lingumlingo ngokungalindelekile. IFeijoa, njengoba isifikile ivela emazweni akude, yathola indawo yokuhlala entsha eYurophu naseRussia.
Incazelo kanye ngezigaba ze-feijoa
I-Feijoa isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza noma esihlahleni esingaphezu kuka-4 m ukuphakama. Indawo asuka kuyo iBrazil, lapho isiko latholakala futhi lachazwa khona ngekhulu le-19 ngusosayensi wemvelo wasePortugal uJuan da Silva Feijo. Uthole igama lakhe ukumhlonipha. I-Feijoa kwesinye isikhathi kuthiwa yenziwa i-Akka yohlobo lomndeni wakwaMirtov, kepha kwezinye izikhathi ihlukaniswe i-genus Feijoa (Feijoa saleowiana) ehlukile. Isiko lelo lafumana igama elithile ngegama likasosayensi odumile waseJalimane, umcwaningi wezwe laseBrazil, uFriedrich Sellov.
I-Feijoa isihlahla esiphansi noma isihlahla
Imvelaphi nokusatshalaliswa
I-Feijoa Homeland - INingizimu Melika:
- EBrazil
- izifunda ezisenyakatho ye-Argentina;
- I-Uruguay
- EColombia
Iyakhula, ihlala indawo ezishisayo, kepha izizwa ingcono esifundeni esishisayo.
Kanye eFrance ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX, lesi sitshalo sasakazeka ngempumelelo kulo lonke elaseYurophu, saze safika naseRussia ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XX. Ukusika kwesiko elingavamile kuqala kwaqala eYalta nasogwini lolwandle olumnyama lweCaucasus. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukunwetshwa okuthe ukuthula kwesimenywa zaphesheya kwasakazekela ezifundeni eziseningizimu yeRussia: IDagestan, iKrasnodar Territory. IFeijoa ikhula eCaucasus naseTurkmenistan.
Akukaze kuphumelele kangako ukunqotshwa kwezitshalo endaweni yaseMedithera eYurophu. Feijoa kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lokugcina uhlala e:
- E-Italy
- Greece
- ISpain
- EPortugal.
Ngabafuduki baseYurophu, lesi sitshalo sangena ezweni elisha futhi kancane kancane sasakazeka ogwini lwePacific lwaseMelika nakwamanye amazwe. IFeijoa nayo ikhula e-Australia naseNew Zealand.
Izici Key
Lesi sitshalo esithanda ukufudumala esihlala siluhlaza esisakha isihlahla noma isihlahla. Isiqu sinamakha, ansundu noma siluhlaza okotshani. Izimpande ezincanyana zitholakala emhlabathini ngokuphelele.
Amaqabunga aphelele, agqamile, aluhlaza grey. Smooth ngaphezulu, i-pubescent ngezansi. Isikhumba futhi kanzima ukuze uthinte. Banendawo ephambene.
Amacembe ama-Feijoa aphelele futhi ahlukile
Izimbali ze-Feijoa ziyindlela yokuhlobisa exotic. Kunama-single, abhangqiwe, futhi aqoqwe kuma-inflorescence. Imbali ngayinye inama-4 velvety petals. Amnandi futhi ayadliwa. Ingxenye yawo yangaphandle ilula, futhi umbala wangaphakathi wangaphakathi uyashintsha kusuka kumhlophe cishe emaphethelweni kuya kupinki omnyama eduze nendawo. Ubuningi bo-stamens budonsa ukunakwa futhi bunikeze ukubukeka okumibalabala. Izimbali eziningi azinanzalo futhi zidinga izinambuzane zokupholisa impova, yize kunezinhlobo zokuzimela.
Ingaphezulu elingaphezulu le-petal lilula kunangaphakathi
Imvamisa, kuze kufike ku-75-80% we-ovary fall.
Ukuqhakaza kwe-Feijoa eRussia kugcinwa kusuka ngoMeyi kuze kube nguJuni. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ezindaweni ezingaphansi kweSouthern Hemisphere, lesi sikhathi siqala ngoNovemba - Disemba. Ezimweni zesimo sezulu ezishisayo, ukuqhuma kwezimbali okuqhubekayo nokuqhubekayo kwenzeka.
Izithelo - amajikijolo amancane angenamanzi ane-peel eminyene yombala oluhlaza okotshani noma obomvana ophuzi. Zimbozwe ngenhlanganisela ye-wax. Ukwakheka kuyindilinga, kufushane noma ku-oval. Isisindo esijwayelekile samajikijolo yi-15-60 g. Kunezithelo ezingama-monster enesisindo esingaphezu kwama-g 100. Zine-aroma elimnandi elisikhumbuza ama-sitrobheni nophayinaphu.
Izikhala ezingenalutho zeFeijoa zondliwa ngamavithamini ezinyangeni zasebusika ezinde. KuWebhu ungathola izindlela eziningi zokupheka lezi amajikijolo. Inketho yami ifaka phakathi umzamo omncane kanye nokuntuleka okuphelele kokulashwa okushisa. Amajikijolo ahlanjiwe futhi omisiwe we-feijoa kumele adluliswe nge-grinder yenyama bese engeza ushukela owenziwe ngeso lokhozi ku-1: 1.5. Hlulela kahle uthele ezitsheni. Gcina esiqandisini. Kungenzeka ukugoqa ama-khekhe ngesisindo esikhona noma uwenzele itiye.
Inyama imvamisa imhlophe ukhilimu noma ibala. Ezinye izinhlobo zipinki. Ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kumuncu. Ukuvumelana kuvame kube okunokhilimu. Izinhlobonhlobo ezine-stony inclusions ziyatholakala. Amajikijolo e-Universal asetshenziswa ngendlela entsha futhi eyenziwe ngayo.
Inyama ye-Feijoa imvamisile ukhilimu noma ayinawo umbala.
Kuzithelo ze-feijoa, kutholakale ama-asidi asemzimbeni, ushukela, uvithamini C, ipectin, iodine. Okuqukethwe amavithamini C kwezinye izinhlobo ezikhulelwe eRussia Federation kufinyelela ku-50 mg noma ngaphezulu. Ama-100 g amajikijolo aqukethe iodine ephindwe kabili kunalokho okudingeka ukusetshenziswa nsuku zonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani le-iodine ngokuqondile lincike ekutheni isiko likhula kangakanani elwandle. Ezithelweni ze-feijoa ezihlala eduze nolwandle, ziqongelela okwengeziwe.
Abantu abahlushwa izifo ze-gland yegilo kufanele babonane nodokotela we-endocrinologist ngaphambi kokudla izithelo ezinamakha, noma anciphise kumjikijolo owodwa noma amabili ngosuku.
Izitshalo ezisenyakatho ye-hemisphere zikhula ngenkuthalo futhi zithela izithelo kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuLwezi. Isikhathi sezitshalo eziseNyakatho Nenkabazwe siqala kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Ephreli.
Ukuqothuka ezitshalweni kubhekwa kuphela ngonyaka wesithupha-wesikhombisa emva kokutshala, kepha umuthi wokugomela uyakwazi ukuthola isivuno eminyakeni emi-2 000 edlule. Ukuthatha izithelo kujwayelekile.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi lezi zitshalo ze-thermophilic zingakubekezelela ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kuya ku-11mayelanaC.
Ividiyo: ungayikhulisa kanjani i-feijoa ekhaya
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-feijoa
E-Russia, kunezikhungo ezi-2 zesayensi (e-Yalta naseSocrhi) ezifunda izakhiwo futhi zihlanganyela ekuzaleni kwe-feijoa. Abasebenzi beSoshi All-Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops kanye neNikitsky Botanical Garden e-Yalta bakha izinhlobo ze-feijoa ezifakwe kuRegional State yeRussian Federation:
- Amakha amnandi - Izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zamaCrimea. Izithelo ezinesisindo esingaba ngu-35 g. Yiba ne-pulp enamanzi, ethambile. Iyahanjiswa. Ukukhiqiza cishe yi-100 kg / ha. Ukumelana neqhwa ama-3 amaphuzu. Ukubekezelela isomiso esibuthakathaka.
- I-Dagomyskaya - ukuvuthwa kwesikhathi esiphakathi. Kwenziwe ngoSocrhi. Amajikijolo makhulu, anesisindo ngokwesilinganiso esingaphezu kwama-85 g. I-peel is density medium. Inyama enomunyu, imnandi futhi imuncu, enama-stony inclusions amancane. Ngephunga elishiwoyo. Ukukhiqiza kungaphezulu kwama-300 kg / ha. Izidingo zokupholisa impova.
- I-Dachnaya yizinhlobonhlobo zokuqala ezakhiwe eSocrhi. Amajikijolo makhulu, ngokwesilinganiso isisindo esingu-43.1 g. Isikhumba mncane. Uginindela uthambile, ukhilimu. Ukukhiqiza kungaphezu kwama-200 kg / ha.
- I-Nikitskaya iphunga - izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zeCrimea. Isisindo esijwayelekile samajikijolo angama-35 g. Inyama inejusi, ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kumuncu, futhi kukhulunywe kancane. Ukukhiqiza kungaphezulu kwe-100 kg / ha. Ukumelana neqhwa ama-3 amaphuzu.
- Septhemba - ukuhlukahluka kokuqala, kudinga impova yesiphambano. Izithelo ezinombala omncane. I-pulp ngaphandle kwe-stony inclusions. Isivuno esiphakathi cishe singama-160 c / ha. Izinhlobo zesomiso ezivumayo.
Izithelo ze-feijoa ezingaphandle, noma zingakabi umkhiqizo ojwayelekile wokudla, kepha kancane kancane zithola inzalo eqinile ngenxa yephunga elithandekayo, ukunambitheka okungathandeki okungajwayelekile kanye ne-pulp ebucayi.
