Isitshalo esifana namagilebhisi sithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi bethu.
Amagilebhisi ayinqolobane yangempela yama microelements ewusizo namavithamini, okujabulisayo hhayi nje ukudliwa kuphela, kodwa futhi ukukhiqiza ezinye imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kubo.
Uma ufuna ukusebenzisana nokuhlukahluka kwamagilebhisi amasha, iSphinx ngokuqinisekile iyokhanyisa isivini sakho. Manje amazwi ambalwa mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ngokwawo, kanye nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani.
Umvini we-Sphynx uyisivini setafula esitholakala ngokuhlaziya izinhlobo zeStrasensky naseTimur ngumzalisi V. Zagorulno. Ihluke kulokho uvuthwe ngokushesha kakhulu (izinsuku ezingu-100 - ezingu-105). Izihlahla ziqine, amaqabunga amancane nge-vein maphakathi.
Amahlumela avuthiwe ngokuphelele, izimbali ziyizinsizwa. Ama-clusters of shape cylindrical, amakhulu, ubukhulu ufinyelela ku-1 - 1.5 kg. Amajikijolo anama-oval shape, amnyama aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amakhulu, ama-30 x 28 mm ngobukhulu, enesisindo esingafika ku-10 g. I-pulp inomsoco kakhulu, unomdla omuhle futhi iphunga eliyingqayizivele. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu.
Uma kubonwe isikhutha kanye ne-oidium, akuyona okuningi. Izihlahla "I-Sphinx" imelana namazinga okushisa phansi -23 ° C. Naphezu kokuthi amaqoqo akanayo isethulo esikhombisa ngokwanele, lokhu akuvimbeli ukuhlukahluka kwe-Sphynx ekubeni yinto ethandwa phakathi kwabakwa-winegrowers.
Izintandokazi:
- ukunambitheka okuvelele
- ukuvuthwa kokuqala
- isivuno esikhulu
- high frost ukumelana
Ukungalungi:
- okonakaliswe isikhutha kanye ne-oidium
- isilinganiso sokubukeka kwamagundane
Izici zokutshala izinhlobo
Ezihlukahlukene zemivuno njenge "Sphinx" zingakwazi utshale entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
Uma unquma ukutshala izithombo entwasahlobo, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Meyi, kanti uma sekuwa, ngo-Okthoba.
Ngaphansi kwe-sapling udinga ukumba umgodi u-80x80x80 cm. Ubuningi bomhlabathi ovundile buhle phansi ungqimba lwe-10-15 cm, okumele ulondolozwe uma ugoba izimbobo. Ukudingwa komhlaba engeza amabhakede angu-7 - 8 ama-humus, 300 g we-superphosphate kanye nama 300 g we-fertilizer umquba. Konke lokhu kudinga ukuxubaniswa nokuvalwa uphawu. Ngenxa yalokho, kufanele kube nomgodi mayelana no-50 cm ejulile.
Ukupakisha kufanele kulungiselelwe ukutshala. Ukwenza lokhu, kumele kufakwe ngosuku - emanzini. Emva kokuhamba, udinga ukususa ukuphunyuka kwonyaka, kodwa kufanele uhlale u-2 - 3. Izimpande zidinga ukufinyezwa kancane, okungukuthi, ukuvuselela.
Phakathi nendawo ye-fossa engu-50 cm ejulile, udinga ukwakha isigundane esincane bese ufaka isiteji kuso. Izimpande zidinga ukusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo phezu kwe-cone eyakhiwe.
Okulandelayo, udinga ukugcwalisa inhlabathi evundile emgodini ukuze imbobo ihlale icishe ibe ngu-10 cm eduze kwe-seedling. Umhlabathi omboziwe kufanele uhlanganiswe kancane. Masinyane emva kokutshala emgodini udinga ukuthululela amanzi ngokubalwa kwamabhakede amabili kuya kwezingu-3 nge-sapling ngayinye.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda nge-inoculation ekwindla yamagilebhisi.
Ukunakekela i-Sphinx ngendlela efanele
- Ukunisela
Amagilebhisi - isitshalo esimnandi somswakama, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuphuza izihlahla ngesikhathi esanele, kodwa hhayi amanzi amaningi. Masinyane emva kokutshala, udinga ukuwashaza isihlahla ngasinye ngamabhakede amabili. Okulandelayo, udinga ukugcwalisa ukungabi nomswakama okungaphezu kwesisodwa njalo emavikini amabili kuya kwangu-3.
Ungakwazi ukuwahambisa amahlumela ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokuhambisa amanzi noma emigodini ekhethekile emaphethelweni ehlathi. Kudingekile ukwenza izimbobo ezinjenge-circumference (radius 0.4-0.5 m) ngokujula kwe-15-20 cm. Amabhakede angama-3 ukuya kwangu-4 kumele ashiye isihlahla esisodwa. Ngemuva kwebusika, inhlabathi kumele igcwale umswakama, ngakho-ke entwasahlobo oyidingayo amanzi onke amahlathi. Uma ubusika bekumanzi ngokwanele, khona-ke inani lamanzi kufanele linciphise. Umthamo wokunisela okunjalo kufanele ube ngamalitha angu-50 kuya kwangu-70 nge-1 sq. M.
Udinga ukuphuza izithelo zomvini ngaphambi kokucubungula, nezinsuku ezingu-15-20. Ukuchelela kokuqala kwehlobo kwenziwa ngemuva kokuthi amaqoqo asevele eseqalile. Ngalesi sikhathi, izihlahla zidinga amanzi ikakhulukazi, ngakho-ke i-sq.m. kufanele ashiye cishe amalitha angu-60 amanzi. Ukukhipha amanzi ngaphambi kokubusika kufanele kwenziwe emva kokuba amaqabunga ewile. Kulesi simo, nge-1 sq.m. kudingeka wenze ama-50 - 60 amalitha amanzi, kuye ngokuthi isakhiwo sezulu nesimo sezulu sithini.
- Ukuxhuma
Kumathamini inhlabathi idinga njaloukugcina umswakama emhlabathini isikhathi eside. Izinto zokufaka ama-mulching kufanele zibekwe nxazonke zezintambo ukuze kungabikho ukuthinta.
Okokuqala, le nqubo kumele yenziwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala, ukuze imbewu ivikelwe. Ngokuqhubekayo kuyadingeka. Njengoba udinga impahla ungasebenzisa utshani, i-peat, i-humus, amaqabunga endala, utshani. Manje kukhona izinto eziningi ezintsha ezingasetshenziswa kulezi zinhloso. Futhi i-polyethylene efanelekayo.
- Shelter
Ukulungiswa kwamagilebhisi ebusika kuhloswe ukuvikela nokugcina izihlahla. I-Shelter kufanele yenziwe ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibanda, ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Isibonakaliso esiyingqayizivele sokuthi indawo yokukhosela ichitheka amaqabunga. Izihlahla kufanele zibophe, zibeke Ematheksthini angaphambi kombhede, njengebhodi lamapulangwe, uvikele ngokucophelela imivini emhlabathini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphezu kochungechunge lwamagilebhisi omvini, i-arcs ye-arcs yensimbi ifakiwe, lapho ifilimu yeplastiki isetwe khona ngezingxenye ezimbili noma ezimbili. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi le ndaba ayithinti amahlumela, ngakho-ke akukho ukushisa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwefilimu udinga ukuthulula umhlabathi noma ukulungisa ngenye indlela ukuze kungabikho umoya.
Ngesikhathi sezintambo, ukuphela kwefilimu kumele kuvulwe ukuze amahlumela "aphefumule". Ungakwazi futhi ukumboza izihlahla kanye nomhlaba. Ngesidingo esifanayo ulale phansi, ukumboza umhlaba, bese kuthi ngeqhwa.
- Ukudubula
Sika izihlahla ezidinga ukuwa, lapho izitshalo sezilungiselela kakade ubusika. Kunconywa ukuthi ushiye imikhakha engu-4 "ezozala izithelo. Udinga ukushiya okungenani ama-4 kuya kwangu-6 emahlumela. Uma usika izihlahla ezincane, kufanele uqale uhlume umvini ovuthiwe, futhi eminyakeni elandelayo, amahlumela amancane kudingeka adweliswe.
- Umanyolo
Amagilebhisi ikakhulukazi adinga umanyolo owengeziwe ukuze amahlumela athele izithelo njalo futhi ngokuningi. Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, ukufaka umanyolo kwenziwa okungenani izikhathi ezintathu ngekhefu lamasonto amathathu kuya kwangu-4. Akudingekile ukutshala izithombo ezincane, ngoba inhlanganisela yenhlabathi evundile eneziqu ezifakwe emgodini isetshenziswe phansi.
Amagilebhisi adinga umanyolo we-nitrogen ukwandisa ukukhula kwamahlathi. I-nitrojeni isungulwa ngezindaba eziphilayo. Ngaphambi kokuba izimbali ziqhakaze, kudingeka wenze ama-salts we-zinc ne-potassium, kanye ne-superphosphate. Lokhu kuzosiza ukwandisa ikhwalithi nobungako besitshalo.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ebusika, kudingeka wenze i-superphosphate ne-potassium, ukuze ngesikhathi sezulu kubanda izimpande zibe nokudla okungeziwe. Izitshalo zifakwa ezincane ezincane ezingu-30 cm ezungeze isihlahla. Ukwengeza kumanyolo wamaminerali, Amagilebhisi adingekayo kanye nokugqoka okwenyama ngesimo se-10 - 15 kg somquba, ama-humus esihlahleni esisodwa samavini. Lolu hlobo lokudla lwenziwa njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemibili.
- Ukuvikelwa
I-Sphinx ijwayele ukuphefumula kanye ne-oidium; ngakho-ke, akudingeki nje kuphela ukwelashwa, kodwa futhi njengendlela yokuvimbela fafaza amahlathi i-phosphorus fungicides.
Ama-causative agents of isikhutha kanye ne-oidium yizinhlobo ezahlukene zefungus. Uma kunamabala aphuzi noma uthuli olumpunga emaqabunga, amagilebhisi atheleleke, futhi izinyathelo kudingeka zithathwe ngokuphuthumayo. Kumele ufeze imivini kuqala ngaphambi kokusila, bese emva kokusila.
