Labo abaqala ukuhlangabezana nama-orchid akhula abakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi bangakhula kanjani ngaphandle komhlaba futhi bavame ukwenza iphutha lokuzithenga ingxube evamile yobumba.
Kodwa izimpande zalesi sitshalo zidinga ukufinyelela mahhala emoyeni, ngaphandle kwalokho zizofa. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba ulethe le ndlovukazi yezentengiselwano ekhaya lakho, udinga ukutadisha ngokucophelela "ukunambitha okuthandayo".
Kufanele kube inhlabathi yama-orchid, izidingo ze-substrate
Izimila ezihlala kwezinye izitshalo zibizwa ngokuthi i-epiphytes ebhodini. Lezi zitshalo zihlanganisa i-phalaenopsis orchids, okuvame ukutholakala ezitolo nasemakhaya ethu.
Ukuze lesi sitshalo sijabulise iso ngezimbali zalo, kubalulekile ukwazi izimo zendawo yayo yokuhlala. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuba uqonde kangcono ukuthi yiliphi uhlobo lomhlabathi oludingekayo ku-phalaenopsis orchids. 
Uyazi? Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 zama-orchid. Imbali encane kunazo zonke ububanzi obungaphansi kwe-1 mm, futhi enkulu kunayo yonke - enezikhala ezifinyelela ku-90 cm.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lezi zimbali azikhuli emhlabathini, kodwa ezihlahleni zezihlahla, lapho zithatha izakhi ezidingekayo empilweni, futhi zinika imvula kubo.
Yingakho unezimpande ezinjalo ezingajwayelekile futhi eziyinqaba futhi indawo evamile yama-orchid ayifanelekile. I-Phalaenopsis ithatha izakhi eziningi ezivela ku-substrate phakathi nenkathi yezimbali futhi idinga ukushintshwa ngokuphelele njalo eminyakeni engu-2-3.
I-substrate yama-orchid kufanele ibe ne-nutritious, i-loose and water flow. Umhlabathi omuhle uhlanganiswe kahle, umile ezinsukwini ezintathu futhi kufanele ube nenani elanele elakhiwe yomswakama. 
Kuyathakazelisa ukufunda ngezinhlobo ezidumile zama-orchid: i-dendrobium, i-miltonia, i-cymbidium.
Izingxenye ezivame kakhulu ze-substrate ye-orchid ekhulayo
Kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa izingxenye eziyinhloko nezincane ze-substrate ze-phalaenopsis orchids.
Okuyinhloko kubandakanya:
- isihlahla somuthi - kungaba ipayipi, i-oki, i-birch;
- i-moss - mhlawumbe i-sphagnum;
- amalahle;
- izimpande ze-fern zehlathi.
Njengoba ama-orchid ekhula ezihlahleni, bark kubo, ingxenye engokwemvelo kakhulu. Ukusuka kuwo bathola ukudla okudingekile, ngakho kubalulekile ukukhetha okulungile.
Yebo, ungakwazi ukuthenga amagxolo okulungele esitolo esikhethekile. Kodwa ukuze ulondoloze amagxolo ama-orchid ingaqoqwa futhi ithengwe ngezandla zazo. Amagxolo wephayini noma i-oki ajwayelekile kakhulu. 
I-pine bark kulula ukuyilungisa; kwanele ukuya ehlathini likapine futhi ukhethe umuthi owile kahle. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela le ndaba - kufanele ibe eyomile, hhayi ebolile futhi ngaphandle kwempawu yezilokazane.
Amagxolo kufanele akhishwe kalula ngezandla kusuka esihlahleni. Nge-oak bark yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa inenzuzo kakhulu esitshalweni - inezakhi eziningi.
Kubalulekile! I-Bark ayikwazi ukuthathwa emthini okhulayo, kuphela kusuka esibonelweni esomile esomile noma isitshalo esihle, esingesibolile.Moss okudingekayo ukugcina umswakama futhi njengomanyolo owengeziwe. Ibuye inekhono lokubamba ama-salte amaningi anobungozi futhi inomphumela we-bactericidal. Ukuqoqa umsebenzi wakhe kunzima kakhulu, njengoba ukhula emahlathini ehlathi, lapho ungawela khona kalula, ngakho kulula ukuthenga isikhwama esitolo.
Amalahle okudingekayo ku-substrate ukulungisa ibhalansi yamanzi, kanye nesifo se-antiseptic yemvelo. Kodwa udinga ukungeza kancane, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uqoqa usawoti, futhi lokhu kuyingozi kulo mkhakha. Akunconywa ukuthi umane uqoqe ekuqothulweni komlilo, ngoba aziwa ukuthi yini enye eyashiswa lapho ngaphandle kwamagogo. Kungcono ukukhipha umlilo ovela emthini we-birch bese uthatha amalahle avela lapho. 
Izimpande zeFern Iqukethe ukwakheka okuyingqayizivele, cishe cishe zonke izakhi zokulandelela ezidingekayo ze-orchid.Njengoba izingxenye ezengeziwe zokulungiselela inhlabathi zingasetshenziswa: izigaxa zamapayipi, i-peat, umhlaba, i-walnut noma igobolondo le-coconut, ubumba obunwetshiwe noma u-foam. 
Izigaxa zePine zihlukaniswe ngezikali futhi zengezwe kanye namagxolo. Ubumba obunwetshiwe noma ubumvu busetshenziswa njenge-drain ukugwema umswakama obumnyama. I-orchids yomhlaba ingcono ukuthatha lapho ihlanganiswe khona ngezinaliti noma amaqabunga, futhi ngobuncane kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha i-phalaenopsis kufanele iphuze ukuze ingalimazi izimpande lapho isuswe ebhodweni. Izimpande kumele zihlanjululwe emanzini afudumele, ukuhlanza, ngaleyo ndlela, kusukela emanzini omhlabathi omdala.
Indlela yokwenza i-primer yama-orchid, okukhethwa kukho okwenziwe ngomumo
Njengoba ufunde ngokucophelela ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi okudingekayo ngama-orchid futhi ulungise zonke izingxenye, ungaqhubeka nokulungiselela. Izingxube zenhlanganisela yenhlabathi zingase zihluke.
Uma kunemibala eminingana endlini, ungazama futhi wenze ukuxuba kwakho wonke umuntu. Lokhu kuzosiza ukunquma ukwakheka okuhle. Yeka ukuthi uthande kangakanani umhlabathi webuhle obushisayo ongakuqonda ngokuphindaphindiwe kwezimbali kanye nenani lezimbali - ikakhulukazi, kungcono umhlabathi. Umhlabathi wama-orchid ekhaya ulungiswa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala. Imfucumfucu namagatsha basuswa emhlabathini, amalahle aphihliwe abe yizicucu ezincane, amagxolo ahlukaniswe ngama-chips namanzi abilayo asetshenziswa.
I-Moss kufanele ifakwe emanzini amahora angu-24, futhi izingcezu zezimpande ze-fern ukuhlela ishazi ukuze ziqede izinambuzane. Noma yikuphi ukugeleza kubeka phansi.
Ngeke kube kuphela ubumba obunwetshiwe noma i-polyfoam, kodwa futhi isitini ephukile, itshe elincane elichotshoziwe, ngokucacile. Khona-ke ungaqala ukulungiselela inhlabathi ye-orchids, ucabanga ngokubunjwa kokwenza izandla zakho. Nazi ezinye izinketho ezenziwe ngomumo:
- I-Universal iyinhlanganisela yengxenye eyodwa yamalahle nezinxenye ezinhlanu zegxolo le-oki noma i-pine, njengoba kufaneleka kumaphuzu embali, nakwezithombo zokugcina izithombo. Lolu khetho lunikeza ukuhamba kahle kwemoya futhi aluqoqi umswakama.
- Ukwakhiwa okuhambisana kahle nama-orchid akhula emabhuloki, izimbiza noma amabhasikidi: 1 ingxenye yamalahle ahlanganiswe nezingxenye ezimbili ze-sphagnum echotshoziwe nezingxenye ezingu-5 zezinkuni zokhuni.
- Ama-orchids adinga ukunikezwa okungeziwe ayoba aphelele ngenhlanganisela ye-peat, amalahle ne-pine bark ku-1: 1: 1 isilinganiso. Ibuye ifake izingxenye ezintathu zomhlaba oqothukile.
Uyazi? I-Orchid - enye yezitshalo ezimbalwa ezingabangela ukubola.
Imithetho yokukhethwa kwenhlabathi ethengwe
Uma ungenayo isikhathi noma ikhono lokuhlanganisa izingxenye bese ulungisa inhlabathi yezitshalo zakho ngokwakho, ungathenga ingxube eyenziwe ngomumo kusitolo. Namuhla ukhetho oluningi lunikezwa, kodwa, ngeshwa, akuwona wonke umkhiqizo ofanelekile.
Ngakho-ke, uma uthenga inhlabathi esilungile kudingeka uqaphele ezinye izici. Into eyinhloko ukuthi izingcezu zamagxolo kuwo kufanele ziphelele, kuze kufike ku-3 cm ubude, futhi azizange zihlukane neze.
Uma inhlabathi ibonakala njengendwangu yomhlaba, ingabe ingasasebenzi, ngoba iyobuthelela umswakama futhi ingavumeli umoya ukuba udlule, futhi lokhu kuzoholela ekuboleni izimpande. Njengengxenye yomhlabathi owathengiwe akufanele kube ngumhlabathi, izingcezu zamalahle kuphela, umcibisholo wesihlahla, impande ye-fern, cishe i-perlite ne-coconut fiber. Kuphakheji kufanele kuboniswe ukuthi le nhlabathi i-epiphytes.
Ukwandisa lezi zitshalo ezishisayo ezishisayo kunomsebenzi owubuhlungu futhi obunzima. Kodwa uma uphatha leli cala ngothando, ama-orchids azokubonga ngezimbali eziyingqayizivele eziyojabulisa iso unyaka wonke.
