Amathole asetshenziselwa inyama asanda kuba yindlela yokuthola inzuzo ethandwa kakhulu. Izinkunzi ezikhulayo ngenyama kuwumsebenzi onzima, ngoba akudingi kuphela ukutshala izimali, kodwa nomzamo wokuzikhandla. Zonke izinkomo zihlukaniswe zibe zobisi, inyama kanye nobisi kanye nenyama. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngakho Yiziphi izinhlobo zenyama yezinkunzi zezinyosi ezitshalwe kahle kakhulu ekudleni.
Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, izinhlobo
Kwabaningi abafuyi bemfuyo, ama-fattening amathole inyama akuyona nje indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuthola imali ekhaya, kodwa futhi ithuba elihle lokuthola izinga eliphezulu, inyama enomzimba, efanelekayo ngisho nezingane. Isigaba esivamile kakhulu semfuyo yezinyama ze-fattening gobies yizinto ezilandelayo: Izinhlobo zaseBrithani, izinhlanzi, isiFulentshi-isiNtaliyane kanye ne-zebuvidnye. Ngamunye wala maqembu uhlukaniswa izinga lokuvuthwa, izinga lokukhiqiza kanye nezimo zokuboshwa. Ngabe imiphi imfuyo yezinkunzi zezinkunzi kungcono ukuthatha amafutha, sizokhuluma ngokuqhubekayo.
IBrithani
Izinhlobo zezinkomo zaseBrithani zibhekwa njengento ethandwa kakhulu kubalimi. Ezweni kunezithunywa ezingaba yizigidi ezingu-200 zaleli qembu. Izinkomo zaseBrithani zibhekene nokuqapha nokusebenza okuphezulu. Zizivumelanisa kahle nokudla amadlelo futhi zibekezelele isimo sezulu sezulukazi.
Kubalulekile! Inyama yenkomo yaseBrithani ine "imfucuza" - isici senyama enelungiselelo elifanelwe lamafutha omvuthwandaba, okufana nokusika kwamatshe.
Isi-French-isi-Italian
Izinhlanzi zaseFrench-Italian zezinkunzi zenyama ziya ngokuya zithandwa phakathi kwabafuyi bemfuyo. Isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke nokukhangayo yilokho I-buoys yeqembu lesiFulentshi-isiNtaliyane lisheshe lithole isisindo, ngaphandle kokubuthelela amafutha nokubeka amanoni. Inyama yalezi zinkunzi iqukethe ubuncane bendaba eyomile futhi ayinayo i-marbling, ngakho-ke ijwayele ukuhanjiswa. Ngokuqondene nezici ezimbi zezinhlobo zezilwane zaseFranco-Italy, lokhu kungabandakanya ubunzima phakathi nokukhipha nokuzalwa kwamathole afile.
Uyazi? Izinhlobo zeFranco-Italy zibhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo eziningi "ezindala" zenyama yenkunzi.
Zebuvidnye
Zebuvidnye - izinhlobo ezihlukile ezifanele ukulima ngisho nasezifundeni ezime kakhulu zezwe. Izinkunzi zalezi zinhlanga zijwayele ukubhekana nezimo ezinzima zokushisa nesomiso. Izinkunzi zeZebuvidnye zivela ngokuwela izinkomo zaseYurophu naseBrithani zenza nge-zebu. Lezi zinsuku azibaluli nje kuphela kokuqukethwe okungazitholi, kepha futhi nokuphikisana nezifo, ikakhulukazi ezinambuzane ezondla igazi. Izinkunzi zeZebuvid zingadla imifula futhi idle, ekhombisa izinga eliphansi lempilo kanye nomkhiqizo ophansi.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo kakhulu zamathole zokuncelisa
Ngaphambi kokukhetha uhlobo oluthile lwezinkomo, kubalulekile ukuzijwayeza izimo ezikhulayo ezifanele izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, indlela amathole akhula ngayo, nokuthi yikuphi ukudla okudingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe umkhiqizo omkhulu kakhulu wokukhiqiza. Ngolunye ulwazi mayelana nezinhlobo zenyama ezidumile kakhulu zezinkunzi sizokhuluma ngokuqhubekayo.
I-Herefordian
Ngokuvamile, abafuyi bezinkomo bakhetha uhlobo lwe-Herefordian lokudliwa ngamathole. I-Herefords yizinkunzi eziqinile ezivumelanisa kahle nokuphila isikhathi eside emadlelweni futhi zingenakuzithoba ukuze zithole. Bakwazi ukubhekana kahle nokukhwabanisa isikhathi eside futhi bathathe isisindo ngokushesha. Izinkunzi zibukeka kanje: izilwane ezinomzimba omningi womgqomo, ezinemizimba emikhulu. Umbala ubomvu obomvu (umzimba ubomvu, imilenze emadolweni, ikhanda kanye nensimu yomsila mhlophe). Ama-Herefords ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu: amade, aphakathi aqinile futhi ahlangene. Ubuningi bezinkuni ezivuthiwe kusukela ku-850 kuya ku-1200 kg. Phakathi nosuku, inzuzo yesisindo iphakathi kuka 1.5 kg. Izinhla zokudla kwezidlo kusukela ku-58% kuya ku-72%. I-Gobies izalwa enezinhlamvu ezingu-30-33. Ama-Herefords aya ensimini yezwe esuka eCanada, e-USA nase-England. Izinkunzi zaseHereford ngokuvamile ziba "isisekelo" sokuzalanisa izinhlobo ezintsha zenyama.
Uyazi? Uhlobo lwe-Herefordian lugcina umbala walo uma luwela nezinye izinhlobo.
Shorthorn
I-Shorthorn Bull yiyona indala kunazo zonke zeqembu laseBrithani lokuzala inyama. Ukhokho we-Shortgon uzalwe yi-Tisvater, eyakhiwe eYork naseDurgame (elinye igama yi-Durgam breed). Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kohlobo lwe-Shorthorn luqala ngo-1822, ngokusekelwe kokuhlaziywa okuqhathaniswa nezinkomo zeDurgam neTiswater, ezenziwa nguN. P. Kuleshov. Izinkunzi ezincane zamapulangwe ziyizilwane ezinkulu eziphakeme ngamasentimitha angu-130 (lapho zibuna), futhi ubude bomzimba obude bungaba ngu-155 cm. Ubukhulu bekhanda bulingana nobukhulu bomzimba, ngesigaba sangaphambili esifushane. Intamo ifushane. Yonke ingxenye yomzimba i-muscled kahle. Umbala uhlukile: obomvu, obomvu-motley, u-roan. Isisindo esibukhoma singu-900-1000 kg (kwezinye izimo - 1277 kg), kanti isivuno senyama singafinyelela ku-62%. Ubuningi bamathole - 25 - 30 kg.
Kubalulekile! Isici esivelele sohlobo lwe-Shorthorn yizimpondo ezimfushane, ngoba zinegama lawo (okufutshane-uphondo oluthile).
Aberdeen-Angus
I-Aberdeen Angus Cattle iyinzalo evela eSwitzerland ezuze ukuthandwa kabanzi kulo lonke izwe. Ubufakazi bokuqala bokubhaliswa kwalolu hlobo buye kwaziwa kusukela ngo-1862, lapho incwadi yokuqala yokuzalanisa yalezi zinyathelishi ishicilelwa, futhi ngo-1878 e-USA umhlambi wokuqala wezinkomo zalesi sizukulwane wenziwa.
Ukuphakama kwezinkunzi kufikela ku-150 cm, umzimba ugoqiwe, kungekude, intamo ifushane, ikhanda lilingana nobukhulu bomzimba obuncane. Umbala omnyama nokubomvu. Isisindo senkunzi evuthiwe senza cishe ngo-850 kg, futhi ubuningi benyama ekuphumeni kwenza 65% -70%. Isici esihlukile sohlobo ukukhula okusheshayo nokuthambekela kokukhuluphala kokuqala. Aberdeen Angus izinkunzi zivumelanisa kahle nezimo zezulu ezibandayo nezibandayo nokubekezelela izimo zokudla kahle.
Uyazi? Ukuze uthole inyamazane yenyama, izinkunzi ze-Aberdeen-Angus zidinga ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okuningi nendawo efudumele yokulala.
Charolais
Izinkunzi zeCharolais zavulwa eFrance ngekhulu le-18. Lezi zinkunzi zinombala omhlophe nesisindo esikhulu. EFrance, lolu hlobo luye lwavela kusukela ngekhulu le-18 futhi linamakhanda angu-1,834,513. Uhlobo lunekhono elihle lokuvumelanisa nezimo zokuphila futhi lwakhiwa emazweni angu-70. Umzimba omningi (ibhande elingaphakathi esifubeni lingaba ngamamitha amabili) elinokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi. Ingemuva ngokuhlupha okubuthakathaka. Ukuphakama lapho kubunzima kuwu-141-145 cm. Intamo ifinyelele ngokushintshelela okushelelekile kuya ekhanda. Ubuningi benkomo endala ifinyelela ku-1200 kg.
Kubalulekile! Izinkinga zohlobo ziyizi: ukukhululeka ekukhuliseni, ukuhlukaniswa kwamapayipi amahlombe, ukuxuba kwengxenye yangemuva yomzimba.Izinkomo zalolu hlobo zibhekwa ngamakhono amahle kakhulu okunciphisa amandla nokusebenza okuphezulu: izilwane zingasetshenziswa kuze kube ngu-15. Inyama ye-Bull ine-marbling, futhi ngenxa yokwakha isisindo somzimba, hhayi amafutha, inyama enomzimba kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi.
Isi-Kazakh
Uhlobo lwaseKazakh luwumphumela wokuwela izinkunzi zeNereford ezinezinhlanga zaseKazakh zendawo. Ukuhlolwa kwaqala ngo-1930, kanti ukubeletha kwagcina kuzalwa ngo-1951. Phakathi nokuhlolwa, lolu hlobo lwahlukaniswa luba izinhlobo ezimbili: inyama nokuhlanganiswa. Uhlobo lwaseKazakh lufana kakhulu neHereford, kodwa inhloko yabamele abomdabu baseKazakh inkulu. Ukuphakama kwezinkunzi ze-Kazakh ziyi-125 cm, kanti ukujula kwengxenye yesifuba kungama-70 cm Ubude bomzimba buyi-155 cm, kanti ibhande le-backbone lingama-20 cm. Ingubo ebusika iba yinde futhi inzima. Inkunzi esanda kuzalwa inesisindo esingama-30 kg, inkunzi endala ikhula ibe ngu-1100 kg, kanti isivuno somzimba singama-65% ngesisindo. Inyama ayinamafutha, kepha ama-fat deposits ayaziwa phakathi kwemisipha.
Izinkunzi zaseKazakh zizwa kahle ezimweni zesimo sezwekazi esibukhali futhi ziyakujabulela ukuhlala emadlelweni.
I-Kalmyk
I-Kalmyk zivela eMongolia, lapho kwaziwa khona eminyakeni engu-350 edlule. Izinkumbi zinkulu, isakhiwo somzimba siyinkimbinkimbi. Izinkumbi zingafinyelela ku-950 kg ngesisindo, futhi ukukhishwa kwenyama ephilayo buba ngu-62%. Ngokuvamile umbala ubomvu, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona izindawo ezimhlophe. Izinkunzi ze-Kalmyk zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuwela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza komzimba. I-gobies ivumelane kahle nokuphila ezindaweni ezomile, ezipholile. Ngesikhathi sokudla, ama-60 kg we-fat subcutaneous aqoqa emzimbeni, okuvumela izinkunzi ukuba zingabi nciphisa umzimba ngisho nobusika.
Uyazi? Isici esivelele sezinkomo zeKalmyk ukuma kwezimpondo - zikhona isikhathi eside, esimweni se-crescent, esongene ngephakathi.
Salers
I-Salerskaya inzalo yezinkunzi yayisetshenziswanga nje kuphela njengomthombo wenyama nobisi, kodwa futhi njengabasebenzi abengeziwe. Ukuzaliswa kwalesi sizwe kwaqala ngekhulu le-19 eFrance, eduze nomzana ogama elifanayo. I-torso yabameleli balesi sizwe iwubujamo obuyingxubevange, ngesifuba esijulile kanye nesisekelo esincane esakhiwe. Umbala unombala, izinwele kuncane kakhulu, kodwa entanyeni ubukeka njengoboya bezinqama, ithoni imnyama kunombala wezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ubuningi bezinkunzi ezindala bungu-1000-1300 kg, kanti ukukhishwa kwenyama ekuhlatshweni kungama-60% ngobuningi benkomo. Izinkukhu zalesi sizukulwane zinemfanelo emihle kakhulu eguquguqukayo futhi zizolile lapho zikhula.
Kubalulekile! Ukuzalwa kukaSalers akulona nje kuphela inyama, kodwa nangenxa yekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yobisi. Amachizi ahloniphekile okuthiwa "Cantal" akhiwa ubisi olukhiqizwa izinkomo zohlobo lwe-Salers. "Salers", "Sennekter".
Limousine
Izinkunzi zeLimousin zivela eFrance. Uhlobo lwadalwa ngo-1850. Izinkunzi zeLimousin zinkulu, ngamathambo amancane nemisipha ethuthukile. Ubuningi bezinkunzi bungu-1000-1100 kg, futhi ukuphakama kwayo kuyi-145 cm. Umzimba ugoqiwe, unesifuba esingenalutho futhi ububanzi obubanzi. Umbala - obomvu, isisu - i-light lighter. Amacici namazinyo ezimhlophe. Intamo ifushane, ngokushintshwa okushelelekile ekhanda nasengxenyeni emfushane ebusweni. Amaphondo aqondiswe phansi, usayizi omncane. Ithole lizalwa linesisindo esingama-40 kg, kanti ukugaya kunesisindo esingama 300 kg. Isivuno sempilo singama-60% ngesisindo sesilwane.
Izinkunzi ze-Limousine zivumelane kahle nezimo zesimo sezulu sethu futhi ikakhulukazi bahlukanisile emakhaya.
Umlimi ngamunye kumele azikhethele ukuthi ngabe kuyasiza yini ukugcina inyama yezinyamazane, ngoba ingakanani inyama ezoba khona emkhosini wakho izoxhomeka kunxenye yakho. Ukuthi uzokwenza izimo zokuphila zesilwane. Into esemqoka ukukhetha uhlobo oluzozizwa luhle ezimweni zesifunda sakho. Ngenhlanhla, esikhathini sethu kukhona inani elanele lezinhlobo ezizokusiza kokubili ukuthola imali nokuzinikela wena nabathandekayo bakho abanekhwalithi yekhwalithi.
