Ungatshala amakhowe ezweni, ekhaya nasengadini. Ngeke balahlekelwe ukunambitheka kwabo, iphunga kusuka kulokhu, uma unamathela kubuchwepheshe bokutshala.
Imaphi amakhowe ongazikhulisela wona?
Izindlu zitshalwa amakhowe ehlobo nobusika. Okuthandwayo kuvame ukunikezwa kunketho yokuqala, ngoba akudingi izindleko eziningi zemali nendawo. Kodwa ungazitshala amakhowe ehlobo ngokwakho, kodwa ngeke kusebenze nje efasiteleni, uzodinga amagumbi anjenge-hangar noma angaphansi.
Imbewu nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqizwa kwayo
Amakhowe oju akhule ngezindlela ezimbili (ngokuya ngenzalo), kungaba umzimba wezithelo, i.e. amakhowe amadala, noma i-mycelium.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuqala igxathu negxathu:
- izigqoko ziyasuswa (imvamisa zinomjikelezo ongaba ngu-8 cm, ngethoni emdaka emnyama kusuka ngaphakathi);
- okuqukethwe kufakwa emgqonyeni wamanzi futhi kumanzi kathathu usuku (ngaphandle kokugeza futhi kungasebenzi);
- izigqoko zichotshozwa esimweni se-gruel;
- umphumela udluliswa ngendwangu ye-gauze;
- uketshezi luthelwa esitsheni sengilazi bese lusetshenziselwa inoculation;
- ama-grooves enziwa ngokhuni lwesiqu noma izingodo, ukufakwa okuthulako kuthululelwa kuwo;
- anemifula embozwe ngokhuni.
Indlela yokutshala kusuka kunembewu enjalo isetshenziswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka esakhiweni esivaliwe.
I-Mycelium yi-mycelium, lapho kukhule amakhowe, amakhowe namanye amakhowe. Ungayithola ehlathini ekwindla:
- i-mycelium ihlukaniswe izingcezu 2 * 2 cm;
- izimbobo zenziwa ezinhlangothini ze-hemp;
- izingcezu ze-mycelium zibekwe kwezixhumi futhi zimbozwe nge-moss;
- kusuka phezulu izimbobo zigoqwe nge-polyethylene ukudala izimo zokugcina ukushisa;
- ukuqala kwesithwathwa, i-mycelium imbozwe ngamagatsha e-coniferous;
- uma isiphunzi sokutshala sisendaweni evulekile, sivikelekile kumswakama owedlulele: sihlanzeka ngombala weqhwa;
- amagatsha e-spruce spruce, i-polyethylene ne-moss kuvunwa ngoJuni ehlobo, ekupheleni kukaSepthemba - ebusika.
Inzuzo yokukhula kusuka kwinto enjalo: ingagcinwa ngaphandle.
Izimfuneko Zokukhula
Okwakha amakhowe ekhaya kuyakhiwa ekhaya, egumbini elingaphansi, kuvulandi, engadini.
- izinga lokushisa lisuka ku-1010 kuye ku-25;
- umswakama 70-80%;
- amakhowe awakubekezeleli ukukhanya okukhanyayo, adinga ukuhlwa;
- ukufudumala ebusika; ukupholisa ehlobo;
- indawo enomoya omncane: umoya omncane noma amafasitela avulekile.
Kuyadingeka ukuhambisana namazinga wokuhlanzeka ukuze isikhunta singatheleleki ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni. Uma ulandela yonke imithetho, khona-ke ngeke kube nezinkinga ngokutshalwa.
Izindlela zokukhulisa amakhowe oju
- kwizingodo noma kweziqu;
- kwizikhwama ezingaphansi;
- endaweni eluhlaza (ilungele izakhamizi zasehlobo);
- izimbiza ezinamalitha amathathu.
Umuntu ngamunye okhetha amakhowe angamkhetha indlela eyamukelekayo nengabizi kakhulu kuye.
Emagangeni
I-log ithathwa inomswakama ngamagxolo, kepha ayibolile. Uma impahla yomile, icwiliswa emanzini izinsuku ezingama-2-3. Emva kwalokho bayikhipha bayidedele ikole uketshezi.
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokuzalela amakhowe:
- Yenza ama-grooves ajule ngamasentimitha ayi-1, ubude be-4. Ibanga eliphakathi kwawo lingamasentimitha ayi-10-12. Faka izinti ze-mycelium ngezandla ezihlanzekile. Phezulu okugoqwe nge-polyethylene enezimbobo eziningana zokusakazwa komoya. Ilogo idluliselwa kusihlwa. Ukushisa - +20 degrees, igumbi kufanele libe nomswakama. Amakhowe azoqala ukuhluma kumaviki angama-3-4.
- Emgwaqweni esithunzini gubha izimbobo ezinobude obungamasentimitha ayi-15. Ngemuva kokunisela, izinti ezine-mycelium yama-mushroom zibekwa endaweni eqondile kuzo. Ukuze ama-agarics oju angabulali iminenke, ezungeze izimbobo afafaza inhlabathi ngomlotha wokhuni. Lapho nje umhlabathi womile, uyaniselwa. Esikhathini sezulu esibandayo, ilog imbozwe ngamaqabunga.
- I-log enama-mycelium ifakwa emgqonyeni womhlabathi. Ibekwe kuvulandi ekushisa kwe +10 kuya ku-25 degrees.
Ukutshala i-mycelium kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu ngo-Ephreli-Meyi noma ngo-Agasti.
Ezihlahleni
Enye yezindlela ezilula. Iziqu ezivela ezihlahleni ezibolile noma izingodo zilungele ukuhlwanyelwa.
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngesimo sezulu esifudumele, kepha hhayi emlilweni. Umuntu okhetha amakhowe usikwa ngokuqondile ngesiqephu sokhuni.
Ukutshala amakhowe oju ezimpondweni kulula. Benza ama-grooves kuzo futhi babeke izingcezu ze-mycelium lapho lisentimitha elilodwa noma amabili ngosayizi. Ama-recesses ambozwe ngokhuni. Wenisa inhlabathi nxazonke.
Isiqu kufanele sibe segumbini elimnyama noma ngaphandle emthunzini. Ugcinwa ekhaya egumbini elingaphansi noma kuvulandi, kodwa kude nokukhanya.
Egreenhouse, engaphansi
Iziqu, izingodo, izingodo, amabhlogo anama-mycelium noma uketshezi olunezinongo ziyahlanganiswa bese zibekwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa. Izinkuni ziyaniselwa ukuze zingoma. Ku-greenhouse, amakhowe oju afakwa emabhange noma ezikhwameni. Ukuvuna kuvela ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba.
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa amabhlogo angaphansi ngokuwuthenga esitolo noma ngokuwapheka ngokwakho. Umquba usetshenziswa njengefilidi.
Indaba ibekwe endaweni enamanzi. Ezigabeni zokuqala zimboza ngotshani, zithambisa njalo. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, iyathathelwa isiza iyongcwatshwa.
Lapho ufuya amakhowe uju ezimweni ezingaphansi, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izikhwama ezigcwele sawdust zokutshala.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
- Iphakethe le-2-5 l ligcwele sawdust omisiwe we-200-500 g. Okuqukethwe kuthathwe kaphayini noma kunoma yisiphi isihlahla esinqunyiwe (ngaphandle kwe-oki).
- Umhlabathi wokuhluma wama-30% uqukethe ibhali, i-oats, ibhali, i-buckwheat noma i-sunk ye-sunk. Kufakwa ithisipuni likashokholethi.
- Zonke izakhi zihlanganiswa futhi zifakwa emanzini imizuzu engama-60.
- Kuwo lowo manzi bathola inzalo ikota yehora ngokubilisa.
- Kuthelwa amanzi amaningi, inhlanganisela ifakwa emlilweni ophansi kuhhavini imizuzu engama-20.
- Okuqukethwe kumele kube kumanzi. Ibekwe ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo emaphaketheni e-polyethylene ngokukhululeka kwabantu.
- I-mycelium ihlukaniswe izingcezu ezingama-g ezingama-20. Zibekwe phezulu kwesiqalo ngezandla ezihlanzekile.
- Ukusuka ngenhla konke kumbozwe ngokotini. Iphakethe liboshiwe.
Izinga lokushisa elingaphansi lisukela ku-+12 kuya ku- +20 degrees. Kufanele kube nomoya omncane, ukufudumala kumakhaza.
Amaphakheji enyanga akufanele athintwe. Kuzovela ama-Tubercles: lawa amakhowe azayo. Amaphakeji awadedelwa, uboya bekotini buyasuswa. Amakhowe oju akhula aye ohlangothini lapho kuvela khona umoya. Ukuze izimpande (imilenze) ibe mfushane, ukukhanya okwengeziwe kuyadingeka.
Umhlali wasehlobo utusa kubaqalayo: indlela yokutshala amakhowe ebhange?
Ngisho nabaqalayo bangakhulisa amakhowe ebhange. Amandla abekwe emphemeni noma kwisillill yewindows.
Ubuchwepheshe besinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
- I-substrate ilungiselelwe kusuka ku-sawdust ne-bran (3 kuya ku-1). Esikhundleni salokho, kwesinye isikhathi basebenzisa ama-sunkser sunks, i-buckwheat, nama-cobs ommbila.
- Emahoreni angama-24, i-substrate ithululelwa ngamanzi, icwilisiwe futhi ihlanganiswe kancane.
- Bese beyifaka ezimbizeni ezintathu (ilitha 1/2).
- Usebenzisa induku ende (kufika ku-2 amasentimitha), okufakwayo kwenziwa ku-substrate kuya ezansi.
- Amathini, kanye ne-substrate, kufakwa ku-pasteurized ukuze isikhunta kungaqali, ngoba lokhu kufakwa ebhodweni ngamanzi bese kubilisiwe imizuzu engama-60 ekushiseni okuphansi.
- Lapho okuqukethwe kweziqukathi kupholile kuze kufike kuma-+24 degrees, kuvalwa ngamabhodlela epulasitiki, lapho kwenziwa izimbobo ezi-2 mm.
- I-Mycelium yethulwa ngalezi zimbobo, ngoba lokhu, njengomthetho, isirinji liyasetshenziswa.
- Amabhange abekwe ngorhatini, emazingeni okushisa +20, futhi kungcono + degrees.
- Amakhowe aqala ukukhula ngemuva kwamasonto amane. Izithombo zokuqala zivela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-15-20. Masinyane nje ngemuva, ikani lihanjiswa efasiteleni lisuka ohlangothini olusenyakatho.
- Lapho amakhowe ekhula aze afike esivandeni, ayasuswa. I-neckline ihlanganiswa ngomucu wamakhadibhodi, ngaleyo ndlela idale uhlobo lwekhola.
- Amakhowe kufanele afafazwe ngamanzi. Njengoba zivuthwa, zisikwa, imilenze iyakhishwa. Endaweni yazo, kuvela esinye isivuno ngemuva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu.
