Leli siko libhekwa njenge-talisman ethandwa kakhulu, enempahla yokuheha ingcebo nokuchuma endlini. Abathandi abaningi bezitshalo zasekhaya bathola "isilwane" esinjalo esinamaqabunga anamafutha, ngandlela-thile sifana nezinhlamvu zemali. Imbali inamanye amagama amabili: iCrassula noma iCrassula. Iphinde ibe nezimpawu zokuphulukisa - amaqabunga ayo asetshenziselwa ukwelapha isikhunta sezipikili.
Igama lesayensi lesihlahla semali
Uma sikhuluma ngegama lesayensi, khona-ke ngesiLatini kuzwakala njengoCrassula, isitshalo uqobo singummeleli womndeni wakwaCrassulaceae. Lokhu kufaka hlangana izinhlobo ezingama-300 ukuya kwangama-300 ezihlala endaweni yazo lapha eSouth Africa.
Isihlahla semali, ukubukeka
Futhi, ezinye izitshalo zivamile ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika, eMadagascar kanye neNhlonhlo yase-Arabia.
Iseluleko esiwusizo. Njalo ngenyanga kunconywa ukusula amaqabunga esihlahla ngothuli. Isitshalo siyithanda kakhulu inqubo enjalo. Abanye abanikazi baze bahlele imbali yokugeza ephuma emanzini afudumele, kepha qiniseka ukumboza inhlabathi ebunjiwe ngesikhwama sepulasitiki noma ifilimu ukuze umswakama owedlulele ungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande.
Lesi sitshalo sidume kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi bezimbali zasendlini. Ngokweqiniso, akunandaba ukuthi ubiza ini ini: iCrassula noma i-Crassula - konke lokhu kuyisitshalo esisodwa. Okunye okuqukethwe kuzoba nentshisekelo kulabo abangazange basebenzisane nembali enjalo, kodwa bafuna ukuyithola kuphela.
Incazelo yemali yomuthi wemali
Kufanelekile ukuqhubeka nokubonakala kwesitshalo uqobo. ICrassula, ngaphandle kwalokho ingabizwa ngokuthi yintombazane enamafutha, iyathandeka, i.e. isitshalo esingaphila endaweni eyomile, esidala amanzi Emaqabini amnyama esihlahla sangaphakathi kukhona impela inani elikhulu lamanzi.
ICrassula noma iCrassula
Umndeni weCrassulaceae ufaka izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-350 zezitshalo ezinjalo. Ezinye zazo zinokuphakama okuncane kakhulu okungaba ngu-5 cm, abanye - bakhula babe ngamamitha amathathu. Kukhona abamele izilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo nezamanzi, zonke zihlanganiswa ngamaqabunga obukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele. Ukuma kwabo kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo, kukhona izitshalo ezinamahlamvu amapuleti:
- i-oval;
- isilinda;
- isigqi;
- ifomu le-lanceolate.
Imvamisa, isihlahla semali, esitholakala ekhaya noma ehhovisi, sibukeka njengomuthi onesiqu esikhulu. Imbali endala, ikhule isiqu sayo.
Amapuleti amaqabunga awathandeki kuphela ngokuma kwawo okuhlukahlukene, kodwa futhi nokuhluka kombala: ukusuka kumbala ojwayelekile ohlaza okotshani kuya kwesiliva noma obonakalayo.
Umuthi wemali ukhula kanjani emvelweni
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lesi sitshalo sifinyelela kumitha ayi-1-2 ukuphakama, isiqu saso singama cm angama-30. Amaqabunga mancane ngosayizi, anesimo se-ellipse, umbala wamapuleti uyi-emerald ekhanyayo, kwezinye izinhlobo kungenzeka kube nomngcele obomvu okuzungeze uzungezo. Kwezinhlobo ezifuywayo zesihlahla semali, ukuqhakaza akusilo iqiniso, kepha uma kwenzeka isigameko esinjalo, khona-ke kuvela izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe, ziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence - izambulela. Indawo okwakuzalwa kuyo umuthi iseTransvaal. Lesi sitshalo sibizwa nangokuthi i-ovate.
Isihlahla semali emvelweni
IPurslane Crassula ingukuhluka kwesitshalo esedlule. Isiqu saso namagatsha asibekele izimpande zomoya. Ekuqaleni, zimhlophe ngombala, kancane kancane zibe mnyama. Ukuqhakaza isitshalo esinjalo kuyaqabukela, kuba phezu kokuba umuntu mdala. Izimbali zincanyana ngosayizi, ziqoqwe ku-panicle inflorescence. Ama-petals amhlophe apinki.
Ungakhula kanjani isihlahla semali esikhulu
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezitshalo ezingafinyelela usayizi omkhulu. Uma umnikazi wezimbali zasekhaya ehlose ukukhulisa i-rossula enkulu, Kunconywa ukuthi ulalele izincomo ezilandelayo:
- Intombazane enamafutha idinga inani elithile lomhlabathi. Inketho enhle umhlaba olungele i-cacti. Inazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo esihlahleni semali. Njengoba "isilwane" sikhula, kuzodingeka ukuthi kutshalwe kabusha. Le nqubo yenziwa njalo ngeminyaka engama-2-3.
- Umthamo wokubeka ukhethwe ngosayizi omkhulu kangangokuba ulungele uhlelo lwezimpande olunobukhulu. Lapho ukhetha ibhodwe, bheka ubukhulu bekhorali, kufanele kuhambisane nobubanzi bembiza.
- Inqubo yokunciphisa izosiza ekutholeni isihlahla esikhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizokhula njengoba isilungele ngokwengeziwe, lokhu kwenza kungasebenzi.
- Okuphakelayo kwenezelelwa njalo ngenyanga, kubangezwa emhlabathini. Umanyolo odingekayo uyathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile.
Isihlahla semali esikhulu
- Ukunikeza ukukhanyisa okulungile. Thola isiko elikhulu ngeke lisebenze uma lingenakho ukukhanya okwanele. Lapha kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi umuthi wemali ungowokuzalwa ezwenikazi lase-Afrika, ngoba idinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi.
- ICrassula idinga ukuthambisa ngokulingana. Zenziwa njengoba umhlaba womile. Umswakama owedlulele uholela eqinisweni lokuthi amapuleti amaqabunga aba ithambile futhi abe mnyama ngombala. Ngaphandle kokulungisa isimo, lesi sitshalo simane nje sife.
- Kunconywe ukufafazwa kwimbali nsuku zonke, njengoba ungumthandi omkhulu womswakama.
Iphuzu elibalulekile. Ngaphambi kokutshala umfazi omkhulu onamafutha, udinga ukunakekela ukuba khona kokudonsa okusindayo ezansi kwembiza. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngenxa yobucayi bomqhele, umuthi umane uwe.
Ingakanani isihlahla semali esihlala
Izimo zokuphila zithinteka ngqo yizimo ezikhulayo. Uma isihlahla semali sakhiwe nge-microclimate efanelekile, khona-ke sizokhula iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi elilodwa bese sifaka ngempumelelo usayizi. Kukhona abamele lo mndeni nabaneminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ubudala, umbuzo uwukuthi, ingabe umnikazi uzoba nokubekezela okwanele ekunakekelweni okungaka?
Izinhlobo
Izinhlobonhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zeCrassulaceae yi-oval; ifaka izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo. Amaqabunga ama-6 cm ubude nama-3 cm ububanzi. Ayikho i-petiole, ipuleti ngokwayo linamathiselwe isiqu.
Umbala wamaqabunga ungagcwaliswa okuluhlaza okotshani noma ube ne-tint yesiliva, imiphetho yazo ihlotshiswe ngomngcele obomvu. Izimbali ezinamafutha ezi-oval zipinki noma zimhlophe. Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu ukuhlukahluka kuthathwa njengento engenakuqhathaniswa nokunakekelwa.
Isihlahla rossula
Ekuphakameni, umuthi ungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5 ukuphakama. Amapuleti eshidi Grey nawo ahlanganiswa umngcele obomvu. Cishe 9 cm ubude no-4 ububanzi.
Isihlahla seCrassula
Izimbali zinombala omhlophe, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zithola i-pink hue. Kunconywa umuntu omelele esihlahleni entshonalanga noma empumalanga.
Fatty Schmidt
Amacembe abonakala ngesimo se-lanceolate ngamathiphu akhombe. Ingxenye engenhla yepheshana inguhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukubuyela emuva kubomvu. Izimbali ezisesihlahleni nazo zibomvu. Le nhlobonhlobo iyathandwa emazweni aseYurophu, njengesitshalo saminyaka yonke esitshalwa njalo ngesizini.
Ukuqhuma kweCrassula Schmidt
Inothi. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile embali kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ubomvu, ukufiphala nokuwa kwamaqabunga kuqala. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo sinconywa ukuba siphinde sithuthelwe kuvulandi, lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo sifakwa efasiteleni elibheke eningizimu.
I-Plaudiform Crassula
Isitshalo singumnikazi wezinyama ezinamaqabunga, ezinamacembe amancanyana anendawo ekhonjisiwe, efana nesikali. Umbala wezimbali uphuzi, kepha bayasazisa isiko lamagatsha okuqala ancike kusuka ebhodweni lapho lukhula.
Izinhlobo ezintantayo
Owesifazane onamafutha ukhula aze afike kubude obungamasentimitha angama-25. Abanye abathandi bezimbali zasendlini bawutshala esitsheni sinye namanye ama-depulents, ukuthola izingoma ezinhle kakhulu. Ukunakekela lokhu okuhlukahlukene kulula, ngoba isitshalo singelutho. Iminyaka yokuphila engaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10. Ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka njengamaqabunga nokusika.
Rock Crassula
Ingumfanekiso wezitshalo ezinwabuzelayo ezifinyelela kubude obungamamitha ayi-0.5. Iziqu zincane, zinamaqabunga amancanyana aminyene ahlotshiswe ngomngcele obomvu.
Rocky
Ngombala, izimbali zingaba zipinki noma ziphuzi.
Amafutha anamachashazi
Isihlahla esinamaqabunga amaqabunga aseduze kwesiqu. Amaqabunga e-ovoid uqobo akhonjwa phezulu. Anombala oluhlaza ngombala, kukhona i-tint yesiliva namachashazi anemibala emnyama. Isiko lezimbali liyoba izimbali ezimhlophe.
Inkomba Crassula
Kuhle ukwazi. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, umuthi wemali ungena esimweni sokuphumula, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi kunconywa ukusibeka egumbini lapho izinga lokushisa lisondele ku + 5 ° C. Ukunisela kwenziwa kanye njalo ngezinsuku ezingama-20.
Purslane Crassula
Inamaqabunga aluhlaza acwebezelayo njengohlobo lwe-ellipse ene-thickening phakathi nendawo nengxenye emincane evela emaphethelweni. Lapho amahlumela eqala ukukhula, aya eba mkhulu. Ekuphakameni, isitshalo esinjalo singafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2.
EPortulakova
Amafutha Cooper
Okuthakazelisa kakhulu amahlumela alesi sitshalo. Engxenyeni engezansi, ukukhula okumi mpo kuwuphawu, engxenyeni engenhla, kwehla umfula. Lapho zona (amahlumela) zikhula, ziba zinamandla ngokucindezelwa emhlabathini. Amaqabunga imbali akade, enamachashazi abomvu, enikeza isiko ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu.
Amafutha Cooper
Ukumnakekela kulula njengokuthola ukunakekela umndeni wonke.
Ukunakekelwa
Ukutshala isiko lasekhaya enhlabathini evulekile akunconywa. Uma kunesimo sezulu esihle, ungathatha imbiza uye nomoya ohlanzekile. Le nqubo izoba nomthelela omuhle enhlalakahleni yesitshalo.
Kukufanele ukwazi! Ukuba semgwaqweni, emoyeni ophilayo, kuvame ukuphela ngokuthi i-aphid ihlasele isihlahla semali. Ukuze uqaphele le nkinga ngesikhathi futhi uqale ukulwa nezinambuzane eziyingozi, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole amasiko ngezikhathi ezithile.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ezweni laseCrassula, izimo zokuphila zinzima kunalokho, kunezici ezithile okufanele uzazi ukukhulisa imbali enempilo endlini. Ukunakekelwa kwesihlahla semali ekhaya:
- Intombazane enamafutha ithanda ukukhanya, kepha isitshalo asithandi ukukhanya kwelanga. Ukuhlinzeka imbali ngokukhanya okungafani, kunconywa ukubeka umuthi esitobhini noma eshalofini ngaphansi kwewindi. Ehlobo, kufanele ucabangele ingilazi ene-shading (ikakhulukazi amawindi aseningizimu nasentshonalanga). Ngasohlangothini olusenyakatho, lesi sitshalo sibekwa ngqo kwiwindows;
- Umoya omile akuyona inkinga yama-presulents, ngenxa yezinguquko ezivame kusibonakaliso somswakama, izifo ezahlukahlukene zingakhula. Isitshalo kunzima ukuzivumelanisa nezimo eziguquka njalo;
- I-crassula yabantu abadala ihlobana ngokungafani nokufakelwa, ngakho-ke, uma kungenazinkomba ezibalulekile, isitshalo sihamba kahle sodwa;
- Ukunisela ngokweqile kuholela ekuboshweni kohlelo lwezimpande, oluphela ngokufa imbali. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, isiko liniselwa kanye ngesonto. Amanzi asetshenziswa ethambile, axazululiwe, okushisa kwekamelo;
- Ukugqoka okuvama kakhulu kufanele futhi kulahlwe. Kwanele kulesi sitshalo ukuthi sizokhiqizwa kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha;
- Contraindication - okusalungiswa, bavusa lesi sifo. Uma ngesikhathi sasebusika kubalulekile ukungena egumbini, kunconywa ukuthatha imbali egumbini lokuphumula ngalesi sikhathi noma ukusimboza. Ukuhlala isikhathi eside emoyeni obandayo kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi amaqabunga aqala ukubuna kusuka kusiko.
Inothi. I-mealybug akuyona into ephambene nokuzinza esihlahleni semali, esizodala isitshalo nomniniyo inkathazo enkulu. Ukuhlola imbali ngezikhathi ezithile nokwenza izindlela zokuthintela kuzosiza ukugwema lokhu. Uma nokho kutholakele izinambuzane eziyingozi, kuzofanela usebenzise izinambuzane ukwelapha isitshalo.
Ukushisa kokuqukethwe
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, izinkomba zokushisa eziphezulu zeCrassula zingama-20-25 ° C. Ngokuqala kwezimo zezulu ezifanele, kunconywa ukuthatha imbali uye nayo emgwaqweni noma kuvulandi, njengoba umuthi uphathwa kabi ukuntuleka komoya omusha.
I-Mealybug
Ebusika, imodi entofontofo kunazo zonke ingu- + 15 ° С futhi iphansi, kepha kungaphansi kuka- + 4 ° С. Uma uhlela ubusika busetshenziselwe isihlahla semali emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, ungahlangana nezikhathi ezingezinhle njengokugawula namaqabunga awayo. Ukubeka imbiza eduze kwebhethri eliphakathi nendawo akukukhuthaziwe.
Ukungathobeki kowesifazane ononile kwenza umuthi wemali ube yintandokazi yabalimi abaningi. Ngokuncike kuzo zonke izincomo zokunakekelwa, isitshalo sizobukeka sikhulu, sijabulise umnikazi amashumi eminyaka, futhi ngeke adinge ukwelashwa.
