Izitshalo eziningi zezimbali ziyathengiswa, kepha ama-chrysanthemums avelele. Kwesinye isikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi isitshalo esithengiwe ekhaya siyaphela bese siqala ukubuna. Ukuze ungabhubhisi imbali, kubalulekile ukuzulazula ukuthi ikrissanthemum ikhula kanjani ekunakekelweni kwembiza ekhaya.
Ama-Chrysanthemums we-Indoor
Ngokukhula ekhaya, chrysanthemum yangaphakathi kufanelekile. Efulethini, kumane kuyimbali emfishane nje.
I-Chrysanthemum - umhlobiso wezindlu zangaphakathi
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokukhula ekhaya zithandwa kakhulu ngabatshali bezimbali:
- AmaChrysanthemums amaShayina. Izici ezihlukile zesihlahla - amahlumela angama-30 cm, iphunga elithile lamahlamvu, izimbali eziphindwe kabili. Ukuhlakulela kuzovula amathuba amahle wokwenza ukwakheka komhlaba.
- I-Shrub Chrysanthemum. Ilungele ukuhlobisa amakamelo amakhulu. Ukuphakama kwezihlahla kufinyelela kumamitha angama-1. Anamahlumela aqhakaze amagatsha, amaqabunga ahlakazekile, izimbali ziqoqwa kubhasikidi abakhulu.
- Ama-chrysanthemums amaNdiya. Zizwe umnandi njengama-chrysanthemums aboshwe, ungalahli ukuhlobisa kwawo, naphezu komoya owomile egumbini. Bangabokhokho abakude be-chrysanthemum nzalo encane.
- Ama-chrysanthemums aseKorea. Imvamisa etshalwa ngezitshalo zezimbali eziyindilinga.
Ama-chrysanthemums amaNdiya endaweni ebamba ukushisa
Imininingwane eyengeziwe. I-Chrysanthemum Crystal ifunwa ngokukhethekile phakathi kwezimbali zezimbali. Lokhu ukuhlobisa okuhle kwezangaphakathi. Isitshalo sigcina izimbali ezinkulu zephimbo elimhlophe. Ukuxuba kubhekisela ezinhlotsheni zesiko lasekwindla langemuva. Lokhu kungumhlobiso omuhle wekhaya, i-loggia, ithala, ingadi yezimbali.
Ukunakekelwa kweChrysanthemum ngemuva kokuthenga
Ngaphambi kokuthenga isitshalo esitolo, kufanele sihlolwe ngokucophelela. Khetha isihlahla esinempilo esinempilo, esinamahlamvu acebile aluhlaza ngaphandle kwamabala. Imbali encomekayo enama-buds yokuqhakaza okude ekhaya. Hlola ngokucophelela amapheshana ukuze ubekhona kwezinambuzane eziyingozi. Wabasaqalayo banentshisekelo yokuthi bangayinakekela kanjani i-chrysanthemum.
Isiko ezimeni ezintsha lizodinga ukuzivumelanisa nezimo. Isihlahla sibekwa endaweni ekhanyisiwe lapho ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kungawa khona. Uma kunesidingo, nisela isitshalo.
Kubalulekile! Ukuphonsa noma ukomisa amaqabunga esitshalweni esisanda kuthengwa uthi i-chrysanthemum ivumelana nezimo ezintsha.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14, ngemuva kokushintshwa kwembali, udinga ukufakelwa ku-substrate entsha.
Ukudlulisa ama-chrysanthemums asekhaya kuyodingeka kuhlehliswe kuze kube ukuqhakaza kuqeda.
Ukudlulisa izitshalo ebhodweni
I-chrysanthemum esanda kutholwa idluliselwa emva kwamaviki okungenani ama-2, bese izitshalo ezincane - ngonyaka, izitshalo ezindala - kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3.
Ukufakwa kwezimbali
Kungcono ukuthutha imbali entwasahlobo. Kepha lapho isihlahla sikhula phakathi nenkathi yehlobo, kungcono ukusitshala ekwindla.
Ukuhambisa i-chrysanthemum, uzodinga:
- imbiza edlula umthamo wangaphambilini ububanzi, kanye no-2-3 cm ubude;
- inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi (inhlabathi ene-acid ayifanele);
- amanzi.
Ingxube ithengwa esitolo noma ilungiswe ngokuzimele.
Hlanganisa izinto ezifana:
- umhlaba wegadi ne-turf - izingxenye ezi-4 ngasinye;
- humus nesihlabathi - 1 ingxenye ngayinye.
Inothi. Ngaphambi kokutshala lesi sitshalo, inhlabathi iyabulala amagciwane isebenzisa isisombululo se-potassium permanganate noma i-var mwinthango.
Okokuqala, ungqimba lomsele lubekwa ezansi kwembiza, bese kuba nengxube yezakhi.
Ukuze udlulise ngempumelelo isiko futhi ugweme ukucindezela, badlulisa ama-chrysanthemum kusuka ezitsheni kuya ezitsheni:
- hydration lwenziwa ngosuku ngaphambi transplantation;
- isuswe embizeni ngesigaxa sobumba;
- ibekwe ebhodweni ungqimba lomhlabathi;
- umhlaba uzungezwe ngapha nangapha kwezimpande.
Isitshalo siyaniselwa bese sifakwa endaweni enomthunzi izinsuku ezimbalwa. Indlela ye-transshipment nayo ilungele izitshalo eziqhakazayo.
Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi bancoma ukungeza amaconsi amancane enyoni enhlabathini entwasahlobo lapho betshala i-chrysanthemum yegumbi. Isihlahla sizobonga izimbali eziningi ehlobo.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Chrysanthemum enamanzi ngokunakekela. Imbali iyadingeka kumswakama. Umswakama owengeziwe uvusa ukubola kohlelo lwempande noma ukutheleleka ngefungus.
Kulesi simo, ukudonsa amanzi kuzosiza: umgodi unikezwa endaweni yokufaka izimbali, ubumba olwandisiwe noma imousse ibekwe ngezansi. Isendlalelo samadayimane - isisombululo esihle kakhulu sokususa umswakama ngokweqile ethangini.
Ukunisela izitshalo kwenziwa kakhulu izikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto. Baqapha isimo somhlaba, ukuvimbela ukoma ukuphuma.
Ukunisela izitshalo ngamanzi afudumele
Musa ukusebenzisa amanzi ompompi ajwayelekile ukunisela. Ukudlula kusihlungi nokuxazulula izinsuku eziyi-1-2 kuzodingeka. Amanzi abandayo awasetshenziselwa ukugwema izifo ze-phyto-.
Ngombali, umswakama owandayo ungcono. Ukufafaza amaqabunga kuvikela i-chrysanthemum ekuqothulweni komzimba. Ukufafazwa kaningi kunconyiwe: Izikhathi eziyi-1-2 nsuku zonke.
Inothi. Lapho kungekho sibhamu sokufafaza, babeka imbiza yamanzi eduze kwembiza yezimbali.
Isibani, izinga lokushisa
Ukuze uqhakaze kakhulu, ama-chrysanthemums anamahora anele wemini amafushane. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo nokuqhakaza, badinga indawo enelanga, lapho bengahlushwa imisebe yasemini futhi bengagudlulwa izitshalo endaweni.
Ebusika, izitshalo zigcinwa emagumbini amnyama, ngaphandle kwabantu abaqhubeka ukuqhakaza. Adluliselwa kumagumbi aqhakazile.
Uma ama-chrysanthemums akhula ekhaya, ukuhamba kubandakanya ukubuka umbuso wokushisa. Ukushisa nokukhanya kwelanga ngqo kuthinta kabi izimbali. Ukuqhakaza okuhlala isikhathi eside kwe-chrysanthemum, izinga lokushisa elikhulu ngu-+15 ° C, ekukhuleni okujwayelekile - ku-+18 ° C.
Ngemininingwane. Uma isitshalo sinezimbali ezomile, imbangela ingukushisa okuphezulu.
Ukugqokisa okugqamile kwezimbali
Ekhaya, ukunakekela ama-chrysanthemums kuhlanganisa ukondla umanyolo. Imbali esembombeni yezimbali isheshe icoshe izakhi zomzimba enhlabathini. Ukuvunyelwa kokugqokwa okuphezulu kokuthuthuka okugcwele nezimbali ezisebenzayo kuyaziswa. Basebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali. Kulungile ukuthi ikhambi le-monophosphate potassium, ukuntuleka kwalo kubhekele ukuthi kungani ama-chrysanthemums eqhakaza sekwephuzile.
Zondliwa ngezinye izengezo ezinhlobonhlobo eziqukethe:
- potaziyamu
- nitrogen
- phosphorus
Umanyolo weChrysanthemum
Ngenkathi yokukhula, abantu abadala bavundiswa ngezinto eziwuketshezi njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10. Lapho kukhula izitshalo emhlabathini ompofu, ukondla nge-mullein ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuya ku-10 kusetshenziswa njalo ezinsukwini ezi-4. Kwenze ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Ukususwa kwephunga elisindayo lokugqoka okuphezulu egumbini kuzothatha lesi sitshalo kusiyise kuvulandi endaweni enomthunzi izinsuku ezingama-1-2.
Ukunciphisa nokubumba isihlahla
I-Chrysanthemum ithunyelwa minyaka yonke. Ukukhwabanisa kwenziwa lapho isitshalo siphela. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, ebusika, imbali ibekwa emiphongolweni. Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, isiko liqala amahlumela amasha, ngakho-ke ukufakelwa kufanelekile. Kwabadala, inqubo inketho.
Ubukhazikhazi nobuhle besihlahla, kudliwa amaqabunga aphuzi noma omisiwe nezimbali. Ukuthena nokuncipha kwezimpondo kuyadingeka, okuzoqinisekisa ukukhula kwesiko ububanzi, hhayi ukwelula.
Ithiphu. Kuma-chrysanthemums amade, izixhaso ziyadingeka ukugwema ukuqhekeza amagatsha abuthaka.
Isikhathi sebusika, ama-perennials ayathulwa ngaphambi kokuba akhishwe. Imbali ifushaniswe, ishiya u-10 cm we-hemp.
Izinkinga ezinkulu lapho kukhula izitshalo
Kungani amahlamvu ephenduka aphuzi
Amahlamvu aphuzi akahlobisi isihlahla, asibonise inkinga.
Uma amaqabunga imbali ephenduka ephuzi kwimbali, lokhu okulandelayo kungafakwa ngezizathu ezingenzeka:
- Ukudonsa amanzi ampofu. Inhlabathi eminyene iyisithiyo sokuswakama ezimpandeni.
- Vala umthamo. Isiko alinazo izakhamzimba.
- Izifo - i-septoria nokugqwala, okualwa nge-chloride yethusi neFundazol.
Isifo seChrysanthemum
Kubalulekile! Lapho amaqabunga esitshalo engadini aphuzi, kungakuhle ukuthi uhlole i-chrysanthemum. Mhlawumbe udinga ushintsho embhedeni ophakeme noma ushintsho kuhulumeni wokuphuza.
I-aphid kanye nesicabucabu
Lapho kuvela izinambuzane, abatshali bezimbali baziqeda ngezindlela zabantu:
- uphathwe ngegalikhi noma umhluzi we-anyanisi;
- kuhlanzwa ngesandla ngamanzi anensipho;
- bafaka impova emhlabathini eduze kwesilimo ngogwayi.
Gwema ukubulala izinambuzane izinambuzane eziyingozi.
Uhlelo olufanele:
- UFitoverm noDecis;
- UDerris no-Actellika;
- I-Mospilan ne-Confidor.
Ukuphindaphinda okuphindaphindwayo kwezihlahla ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-5, uma izitshalo zilimele kakhulu.
Uma i-chrysanthemum ilinyazwa umkhaza, kuthathwa izinyathelo eziphuthumayo:
- Susa ngokunisela ngomthombo wamanzi.
- Kusetshenziswa isisombululo sethusi-yethusi, esilungiselelwe kusuka kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi ngokufakwa kwesepha eluhlaza (200 g) ne-sulfate yethusi (20 g).
- Ukusebenza kahle kujwayele ukubulala izinambuzane: i-Akarin, iFufanon, iBazudin, i-Kleschevit.
Isifo se-Fungal Chrysanthemum
Ukubola okumpunga
Izifo zokukhunta ziyimbangela:
- ukushintshana komoya ompofu;
- ukukhuphuka kwe-acidity enhlabathini;
- i-nitrogen eyeqile emhlabathini;
- umkhuhlane omkhulu.
Ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo kukubona kumashidi aphansi, ahlukaniswa ngombala ophuzi, emva kwalokho aphenduka abe nsundu nomnyama, anda ngosayizi.
Kuzothatha ukusikwa kanye nokubhujiswa kwamaqabunga athelelekile. Ukuvimbela kuhlinzeka ngokuhlanzisisa kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwemfucumfucu yesitshalo ekhotheni lasehlobo. Ngokusakazeka kokutheleleka, ama-fungicides asetshenziswa.
Ukugqwala
Izimpawu zalesi sifo - izindawo ezimibalabala ebusweni beqabunga, amabhlunga obomvu obunwolintshi ohlangothini olungaphansi kweqabunga.
Lwa nokugqwala ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Amahlamvu athelelekile ayasuswa.
- Ukutshala izihlahla ezihlahleni ukunikeza umoya omncane.
- Ungavumeli amanzi ukuthi angenele i-chrysanthemum lapho uthambisa.
Ukugqwala ezimbalini
Futhi, izitshalo zisebenzisa i-fungicides ukusindisa isitshalo, uma isifo se-phyto-sanda.
I-Fusarium
Amaqabunga aphuzi futhi ansundu ayizimpawu zokutheleleka. Amasiko athintekile asalela emuva entuthukweni futhi ngokuvamile awaqhakaza. Ukhunta olungena imbali evela enhlabathini ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwezimpande luvimba ukuhamba kwamanzi kuzicubu zezitshalo.
Ukubhekana nalesi sifo kuzosiza:
- ukususwa kwezingxenye ezithintekile zezilimo;
- ukutshala ukumelana nezinhlobo zokufisa;
- phambi kwe-Fusarium fungus, kuyinto efiselekayo ukwandisa i-pH yenhlabathi, okuyi-6.5-7.0.
I-Powdery hlobo
Lesi sifo sibonakaliswa ngokuhlanganiswa kwama-plates amaqabunga nge-grey-ash ashy coating. Ama-fungal spores afana nendawo enomswakama - lesi yisimo esidingekayo sokuzala.
Empini yokulwa nokutheleleka:
- ukuqothula izinto zezimbali ezithelelekile;
- isikhunta.
Inothi. Isikhunta simelana ngempumelelo ne-chloroxide yethusi, iFundazole, ingxube yeBordeaux, i-colloidal sulfure (1%).
Ukusakazeka kwama-chrysanthemums abunjiwe
Ama-Chrysanthemums ayanda:
- Imbewu. Zibonakaliswa ukuhluma okuhle, ukulinda isikhathi eside ukuqhakaza.
- Ngokuhlukanisa izihlahla. Ukuzala kabusha kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwesizini yentwasahlobo noma ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
- Izimbumbulu. Isikhathi esifanele sokutshala amahlumela ihlobo, intwasahlobo. Izimpande zokusika kwe-10 cm cutical aplic zenzeka emanzini noma enhlabathini emanzi. Kuzoba nesidingo sokudonsa abantu abathathu ethangini. Lapho ikhula emhlabathini, inqubo embozwe isikhwama noma i-glassware. Hlola nsuku zonke umswakama womhlaba bese ufaka umoya wokutshala. Ukubuyiselwa kokuqina kwamahlamvu kukhombisa ukusinda kwemisiko kanye nesidingo sokususa indawo yokukhosela. Ukuvuselela ukukhula kwamahlumela, ukucindezela phezulu kwesitshalo kuyenziwa.
Ukusika - indlela eyinhloko yokuzala
Uma uhlakulela ama-chrysanthemums ezimbizeni, ukuthi ungawanakekela kanjani ekhaya, izeluleko zabalimi zizosiza. Ukuhambisana nemithetho kuzonikeza intokozo nobumnandi obuvela ebuhleni bezimbali.
