Medlar - indlela yokukhula ekhaya

Ukuhamba umhlaba akugcini ngokugqamisa okuvezwa yilokho akubonayo, kodwa futhi kunikeze ukuzijwayela izithelo ezingafani namazwe afudumele. Njengoba uke wazama futhi wazisa izipho ezingaziwa zezingadi zaseningizimu, uzofuna nokukhulisa okuthile okusha kusayithi lakho, okungajwayelekile komakhelwane abamangazayo kanye nenjabulo yomndeni.

Esikhathini esingengakanani edlule, i-medlar yaqala ukuvela ezitolo ezinkulu zaseRussia, izivakashi ebezidla ngayo eTurkey noma kwenye indawo. Abalimi abanomdlandla banesifiso: kwezithelo ezi-medlar ukuthi kuyini, noma ngabe kungenzeka ukuthi bahlanganyele ekukhuleni izitshalo ezishisayo ekhaya.

Izithelo Ezingajwayelekile - Medlar

Ngaphandle kokuchichima kwezinhlobo ze-medlar, zimbalwa kuphela ezilungele ukukhula ekhaya. Kwakugcwele kuwo ayengu-2 kuwo: ama-medlar angamaJalimane namaJapan. Izitshalo zihluka kakhulu ngokubukeka, izithelo zazo kuphela ezifanayo.

Izithelo ezikhethekile ziheha abalimi be-amateur, banesifiso soku: medlar ukuthi ungakhula kanjani ekhaya, hlobo luni ukukhetha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uzijwayeze izici zalo, uthole imininingwane eminingi ukuthi i-medlar ikhula kanjani, ngemithetho yokutshala, indlela yokunakekela umuthi we-medlar.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo

Cishe zingama-30 izinhlobo ze-medlar ezikhula emhlabeni. Ngakho-ke i-medlar engaqondakali ibukeka kanjani abaningi abaye bezwa ngayo kodwa abangakaze bayibone?

Lesi sitshalo sezithelo emndenini we-Pink subfamily Apple. Kunezinhlobo ezinqabayo futhi ezihlala ziluhlaza. Indawo yokuhlala isendaweni engaseningizimu naseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ingatholakala eziqhingini zaseJapan nase-Abkhazia.

Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-medlar German, ebizwa nangokuthi yiCaucasian, neJapan - lokva. Lezi zinhlobo zifunde ukukhula ngisho naseRussia maphakathi.

Amagama e-medlar, noma ama-medlar, njengoba besho kwamanye amazwe, abelwa endaweni yokukhula:

• Abkhaz medlar e-Abkhazia;
• IsiTurkey - eTurkey, lapho ibizwa nge-eni-dunya;
• I-Azabajani - e-Azerbaijan.

Lokva waseJapan

Lesi isihlahla esihlala sikhona kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-8 ukuphakama okunamaqabunga amakhulu amile okwemise okwamaqanda. Endle, etholakala eChina naseJapan.

Lokva waseJapan

Ngenxa yezidingo eziphezulu kuhulumeni wokushisa nokunisela, kuba nobunzima lapho kukhula endaweni evulekile.

IGerman Eriobotria

Igama lesibili yi-ezgil ejwayelekile. Kwethulwa amaGrikhi emazweni aseJalimane. Endaweni yokukhula, ithole amanye amagama:

• Abkhazian;
• Isigebengu.

Isitshalo sokuhlobisa esingafika kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama, esingenakuzithoba. Ukumelana neqhwa. Izwa kahle ezindaweni ezinobusika obufudumele nehlobo elithambile.

Umsuka kanye nencazelo yokubukeka kwe-medlar Japanese

Eminyakeni engaphezu kwenkulungwane edlule, lesi sitshalo savela eJapan, manje sesingatholakala kulo lonke elase-Asia, amazwe ase-Middle East, ezwekazini laseMelika naseMedithera.

Ikhula ngesimo sesihlahla esihlala sikhula noma isihlahlana. Amaqabunga e-oval afinyelela kuma-25 cm ubude afana namaqabunga e-walnut, uhlangothi lwangaphandle lucwebezelayo, phansi luphansi oluluhlaza.

Iqhakaza ngoNovemba nangoDisemba. Izimbali zincanyana, zinobubanzi obungafika ku-2 cm, ezinamaphara amahlanu amhlophe qhwa noma aphuzi kanye nemifino yohlobo oluphuzi oluhlaza, zakha inflorescence ngesimo samaphaphu. Babekezelela iqhwa kuze kufike ku-5 ° C.

I-Lokva blooms (medap yaseJapan)

I-Medlar, yisiphi isithelo esiyingqayizivele, ingabe izithelo zika-medlar zingabizwa ngokuthi i-berry? I-ovary ivela amahlumela amancane. Ukuvula kabusha kwenzeka ngo-Ephreli-Meyi. Izithelo ezimnandi ezinomuncu ophuzi noma ophuzi we-orange fomu amabhulashi wezingcezu eziyi-10-12. Ijusi, enemigodi emikhulu ecwebezelayo engu-1-6, efana nokunambitheka kwe-apricot noma iplamu, abanye bathi ifana ngasikhathi sinye amakherubhi, ama-sitrobheli namapheya. Isisindo kufika ku-100 g.

Ezithelo ongazipheka:

• ujamu;
• uswidi;
• jelly;
• iphutha.

Izithelo ezinempilo zingcono ukudla okusha, zinothile:

• amavithamini (A, iqembu B, C, E, K):
• ukulandelela izinto (iodine, i-magnesium, potassium, selenium, phosphorus).

Ukudla izithelo kuzosiza ukuqeda izifo zamathumbu, yenza umsebenzi wesisu ube ngawobujwayelekile.

Umsuka nokuvela kwe-medlar yaseJalimane noma yobuCrimea

Kutholakala endle emazweni ase-Asia Minor, e-Iran, ezindaweni eziseBalkan naseCrimea, eCaucasus. Ikhula esifundeni seCaspian nasezifundeni zeBaltic.

Umuthi omncane osabalalisa onamaqabunga amade ama-waxy anemibala eluhlaza okotshani. Kumuntu omdala, isiqu saso sifinyelela ku-15 cm ubukhulu, embozwe ngegxolo eliqhekekile lohlobo olimpunga onsundu. Emagatsheni kukhona ameva amancane. Izimpande zinamandla, zingashona phansi ebusweni bomhlaba. Ukuhlobisa kwakhiwa ngamaqabunga ahlelwe ngokwamazolo, athola umbala okhanyayo obomvu ekwindla.

Blooms ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Izimbali ezibonakala zimhlophe, ngemuva kwesikhashana zithola i-pink hue, zitholakala emaphethelweni amahlumela, zifana ne-apula elisesimweni, likhipha iphunga lama-alimondi.

Izimbali ezi-Eriobotria (i-Medlar German)

I-ovary yakhiwa amahlumela ngonyaka owedlule, izithelo ziyavuthwa ekwindla. Ziqinile, zifana ne-rosehip enkulu, enezinhlamvu ezi-5. Zine-turacotta hue, eziyindilinga ngesimo, ifinyelela ku-5 cm ngosayizi. Isikhumba sikhulu. Amasha awadliwa ngenxa ye-astringency. Ngemuva kokuguga efrijini, amandla okuthuthuka ayathuthuka. Banambitha njenge-apula nge-quince.

Ukufakelwa kwe-medlar emhlabathini ovulekile

Isikhathi esifanele sokufakelwa izihlahla kusentwasahlobo noma ekwindla, ngaphambi kwesithwathwa.

Ngaphambi kokutshala, kufanele ukhethe indawo engadini. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-medlar ngeke ikhule ezindaweni ezinamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Kuyinto ye-Photophilous, kepha futhi izizwa igculisekile ezindaweni ezinomthunzi, kepha izithelo ziba zincane.

Indawo enhle

I-Medlar ayinciphisi kuhlobo lomhlabathi, kepha ukungathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic okungcono kakhulu kukho.

Indawo enamanzi angaphansi komhlaba nayo ayilungele ukutshala isitshalo. Indawo enamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ayi-1 m ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba akufanele yakhethelwe ukutshala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ukugeleza okungenzeka kanye nezinga lamanzi ngesikhathi semvula.

Ngaphambi kokutshala, i-turf isuswa endaweni ekhethiwe bese umgodi wosayizi odingekayo uyambiwa.

Inqubo yesinyathelo sokufika

Ukutshala isithombo kulula. Ukulandelana kokufika kokusebenza:

1. emgodini olungiselelwe walala ungqimba lwamanzi;
2. yenza umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi ngokungezwa kokudla kwamathambo;
3. maphakathi nomgodi sungula isithombo;
4. eceleni kwaso bashayela ngokusekelwa kokufaka ngokushesha;
5. okunamanzi;
6. lala ngomhlabathi;
7. ukunyakaza;
8. i-mulch ngokungeza ungqimba we-compost noma i-humus;
9. qinisa isithombo ekusekeleni.

I-Medlar ingatshalwa ku-hawthorn, quince noma pearl. Ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-medlar, bakhetha izindlela zabo zokuzala, ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kuzici. Indlela yembewu ilungele ngamunye wabo. Inhlabathi ilungiswa kusuka kwinhlanganisela yesihlabathi, i-humus, i-turf kanye ne-sheet yomhlaba ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo.

Izimbumbulu

Ngokusika, amagatsha okukhula konyaka odlule asetshenziswa. Izisiki ezisikiwe ngobude be-15 cm ngezindawo ezimbili ezithuthukisiwe. Ukuze ukhiphe ukuhwamuka okukhulu komswakama, uhhafu wamaqabunga avela phansi asuswa. Izingxenye ziphathwa ngomlotha wokhuni ngokumelene nokubola namagciwane. Phansi ebhodweni, kubekwa amanzi, okusebenza njengesivikelo ekugxambeni kwamanzi nokubola kwezimpande.

Thela inhlabathi elungiselelwe. Beka kahle isiqu, usijule ngo-4-5 cm futhi uthathe umhlabathi, onamanzi amaningi. Ezinyangeni ezi-2-3, uhlelo lwezimpande luyavela. I-cutlery isilungele ukutshala ebhodweni.

Ukukhula medlar kusuka ithambo

Ungayikhulisa kanjani i-medlar exotic kusuka embewini ekhaya? Le ndlela yinde kakhulu ngesikhathi - kuzokwazi kuphela ukumila imbewu ngonyaka. Sebenzisa amathambo amasha akhishwe ku-fetus ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo.

Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu ifakwe emanzini afudumele amahora angama-24. Ukunquma inani lokuhluma, la avelayo ayaliwa; awakulungele ukutshala.

Ukuvuthwa amajikijolo medlar yaseJalimane

Phansi kwezimbiza ezinezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi, beka ungqimba lwamanzi, lungiselela ingxube yenhlabathi elungiselelwe ukusuka phezulu.

Imbewu yekhwalithi ekhethiwe ihlwanyelwa eyodwa ngasikhathi sinye emabhodweni anomhlabathi oswakanyisiwe kuya kumamitha ayi-2. Afakwe egumbini elikhanyayo elinokushisa okungu-10 ° C, embozwe ifilimu. Inhlabathi kumele igcinwe inomswakama ngokunisela izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto.

Ngenyanga eyodwa, kuzovela amahlumela okuqala, okuzodingeka ukuthi akhishwe nsuku zonke futhi asuse i-conduction kwifilimu, engadala izifo zokukhunta.

Lapho ukuphakama kwezithombo kufinyelela ku-2 cm, ifilimu iyasuswa bese iziqukathi zihlelwa kabusha endaweni efudumele. Ehlobo, izithombo zingahanjiswa emoyeni omusha ngokubeka kuvulandi noma kuvulandi. Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakusebenza, umoya kanye nelanga elishisayo.

Ukubekwa

Ekwindla, ukusikwa kwenziwa egatsheni elise-cortex, liphathwa nge-ivuselela ukukhula kwezimpande, ifakwe emhlabathini, futhi ifakwe ngomphelezo. Fafaza ngomhlaba, u-moisturize uvundise kahle.

Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2, ungqimba lwezimpande lwakha owalo uhlelo lwezimpande, futhi amagatsha amasha amaningi akhula.

Izendlalelo ezihlukile kwisitshalo somzali ngemuva kokuphela kokuwa kwamaqabunga bese zidlulela esikhaleni esinikezwe zona. Isilimo esikhulile sizoqala ukuthela izithelo eminyakeni emi-3 noma emihlanu.

Nakekela medlar

IMedlar isitshalo okunakekelwa kuso kungafani nokunakekela izihlahla zezithelo ezijwayelekile.

Izihlahla zisetshenziselwa ukwakha umqhele, ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona izihlahla zokucocwa kwendle, lapho kudingeka ukususa amagatsha owomile nawonakele.

UMedlar waseJalimane

Entwasahlobo, ukuthamba okunciphayo kwenziwa ukuze lesi sitshalo siqondise amabutho aso ekwakhekeni kwezithelo.

Ukuvikela i-medlar ezinambuzaneni eziyingozi kulesi sitshalo, kufafazwa izinambuzane. Futha kabili ngesizini. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo nokugqoka okuphezulu njalo.

Imodi yokunisela

Ukunisela isitshalo ngesizotha, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi akukho ukukhukhumeza ngokweqile nokudonsa kwamanzi embuthanweni osusondele.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Izithombo nezihlahla ezincane zidinga ukondliwa njalo: isikhathi esingu-1 emasontweni ama-3. Kubantu abadala, izikhathi ezingama-23 ngesizini zinanele.

Ingxube ye-mullein enomanyolo we-organic: i-peat, umquba, isidlo sethambo sihle ngale njongo. Ingxube yayihlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-8: 1. Ukugqoka okuphezulu njalo kufinyelela ukwanda kwesivuno.

Njengoba usujwayele ukuthi iyini i-medlar, uqiniseka ngokuhlobisa okuphezulu kwesitshalo, kuhlangene nokunambitheka okumnandi nezinzuzo zamajikijolo ayo egolide, ehlome ngolwazi ngezindlela zokutshala nokunakekela, ungalokotha ukhulise izandla zakho izithelo ezingavamile ezihlobisa noma yiliphi ikhaya.