I-Alpine aster (Aster alpinus) - ekhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

I-Alpine astra - ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Korzhinsky aster noma ngamanga, futhi kwesinye isikhathi iyadideka futhi ibizwa nge-Alpine chamomile. Lesi simbozo sotshani esinezimbali esinezimbali simile ezingadini zaseRussia, njengoba sivezwa ukusinda kwaso okungajwayelekile kanye nephalethi elinothile lama-shades.

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-aster ye-alpine?

Izimbali zifana impela nonyaka ojwayelekile, kepha kulapho ukufana ne-aster yakudala kuphela khona. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isitshalo sinezici eziningi ezihehayo.

Ukuchazwa kwalesi sitshalo kusho ukuthi i-asbaceous perennial aster ikhula ize ibe ngu-35 cm ukuphakama, kepha kunezinhlobo zemvelo ezingamamitha ayi-10 kuphela. Iziqu namapheshana we-obovate wombala oluhlaza obumnyama angaba yi-pubescent.

I-Aster alpinus

Ama-inflorescences angamabhasikidi owodwa emaphethelweni e-stems aqinisile afinyelela ku-5,5 cm ubukhulu. Iqhakaza ngezimbali ezimhlophe, ezipinki, ezililac, ezimpunga kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti. Izinhlobo zokuqala ziyaqhakaza ngoMeyi futhi ziyaqhakaza kuze kube nguJulayi, futhi kamuva ngoJulayi ziqhakaze kuphela, kodwa qhubeka ujabulise iso kuze kube yilapho kuneqhwa. Ukusuka ezitshalweni zezimbali ezishwabene ezinezimbobo ezimhlophe, zivuthwa ngoSepthemba.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ziye zabelethwa kuleso siko, zinezanduleli, ezichazwe nguKarl Linnaeus ngo-1753. Sekukonke, izinhlobo ezintathu ezikhula zasendle ze-alpine aster ziyaziwa:

• I-Serpentimontanus (Zmeinogorskaya) - isitshalo se-herbaceous perennial 8-10 cm, izimbali ziyimibala engu-3.5-4 cm ubukhulu obububomvana obunsomi ngomsuka ophuzi, buthanda udwala namathafa amatshe eduze nemifula;
• I-Tolmatschevii (Tolmacheva) - ihluke kwi-Zmeinogorsk eyodwa ngembali enkulu kakhulu, enombala ophuzi ngokuphelele;
• IVierhapperi iyona enhlobonhlobo emide kakhulu kuze kube ngu-35 cm ukuphakama, izimbali ezinezimbali ezi-pink kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi, zitholakala e-Eastern Siberia, Alaska, Western Canada, naseColorado.

Emvelweni yemvelo, i-alpine aster ijwayelekile eRussia (ebhalwe ohlwini lwezincwadi ezibomvu zesifunda) naseYurophu, kanye nase-Asia, China, North America. Ukulima kwaqala ngekhulu le-XVI. I-Groundcover ihamba kahle njalo ngonyaka, kepha ingxenye enkulu isitholile isicelo ekwakheni izingadi zamadwala.

Izinhlobo ezithandwayo zezinhlobo ezimhlophe, eziluhlaza okotshani, ezibomvana

Umthunzi oludingekayo ungatholakala phakathi kwezinhlobo zombili zakuqala nezingene sekwephuzile. Inketho ibanzi ngokwanele, futhi ngokwesilinganiso inhlobonhlobo ngayinye iqhuma izinsuku ezingama-35- 40.

I-Albus yi-aster emhlophe ephindwe kabili-kabili enomgogodla ophuzi ophuzi, ukuqhuma ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi. Ukuphakama - kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-20 cm. Izimbali zifinyelela kububanzi obungu-4 cm. Prefers umthunzi osesilinganisweni nokunisela okulinganiselayo.

I-Albus

I-Happy End yizinhlobonhlobo ezinde futhi ezithandwa kakhulu, kuze kube ngama-30 cm ukuphakama, eziqhakaza ngezimbali ezikhanyayo ezibomvana noma ezimpunga ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinendawo ephakathi nendawo (ezifika ku-4 cm ubukhulu) ukusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni. Imifino ingalahlekelwa ukubukeka kwayo ngisho nangemva kokuqala kwesithwathwa.

Isiphetho esijabulisayo

UGoliyati - izinhlobonhlobo zathola igama ngezimbali zalo ezinkulu kakhulu (kuze kube yi-6 cm), umthunzi wazo ungashiyana ngokusuka pink opinki kuya ocansini ocashile (oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka). Ubisi okufika ku-20 cm ukuphakama. Izimbali zihlala wonke uJuni.

UGoliyati

I-Ruber - izinhlobonhlobo zinokuvimbela okujwayelekile kwalesi zinhlobo, izimbali (ububanzi kuze kube ngu-4 cm) zinombala okhanyayo okusajingijolo. Izimbali zakuqala - zibamba ngoMeyi noJuni. Amabhasi akhula aze afike ku-30 ​​cm ukuphakama, futhi akhule afike kuma-50 cm ububanzi.

Irubber

UVioletta - inhlobonhlobo entsha ye-hybrid, ungowezinhlobonhlobo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ze-alpine asters (okwesibhakabhaka). Iqhakaza kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni ngezimbali eziqhakaza kakhulu zommbila (kuze kufike ku-5 cm ubukhulu). Ukuphakama kwezihlahla kufike ku-40 cm.

UViolet

I-Dunkle Schone - ilungele abalandeli bemibala ebubende. Emabeleni afinyelela ku-30 ​​cm ukuphakama, izimbali eziningi ziyaqhakaza (ubukhulu kuze kube ngu-5 cm) wesigaxa onsomi esimfushane. Amahlamvu ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwembewu ekuqaleni ayimpunga, bese iba luhlaza okotshani.

I-Dunkle schone

I-Astra perennial alpine: ekhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Ukukhula ngale ndlela kulula, kepha yinde: isikhathi sokulinda izithombo sisuka kumaviki amathathu kuya kwayi-4, kubalulekile ukucubungula lapho uhlela ukutshala.

Umthamo wokufika kanye nenhlabathi

Ukujula kohlelo lwezimpande kuze kufike ku-30 ​​cm, ngakho-ke iziqukathi zokutshala izithako zithathwa ngokuphakama okungama-35 cm (ngomugqa wedonsa). Ngezithombo, izingilazi ezi-10-15 cm ukuphakama kufanelekile.

Inhlabathi ivundile, inezela i-humus, i-peat nesihlabathi kuyo ngokulingana okulinganayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwethulwa ufulawa we-dolomite (ungathathelwa indawo ngamagobolondo amaqanda aqhekekile).

Ukulungiselela imbewu nokutshala

Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngokujula kwe-1 cm yembewu ngayinye.Inhlabathi iniselwa kakhulu futhi imbozwe ngengilazi noma ifilimu ukudala umphumela wokugcina ukushisa.

Amahlumela avela ekushiseni kuka + 15-18 ° C. Phakathi kwezimbewu, kungakuhle ukuthi ulondoloze ngokushesha ibanga elingama-20 cm emhlabathini ovulekile, kanye nasezitsheni ukuze kube lula ukuzishonisa.

Isikhathi

Uma indlela yezithombo ikhethiwe, khona-ke ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngoFebhuwari.

Ukuhlwanyelwa endaweni evulekile ekuqaleni kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kwezindawo ezimbalwa eziseningizimu (Krasnodar naseStavropol Territories). Uma wehlisela ukutshala, khona-ke izimbali zizofika kuphela ngonyaka olandelayo.

Ungazinakekela kanjani izithombo

Izithombo ziyantshontshelwa esiteji 2-4 salawa maqabunga. Uma izithombo zivele engxenyeni yokuqala kaMashi noma ngisho nangaphambilini, khona-ke ukukhanya okwengeziwe kuyadingeka (amahora wemini - amahora ayi-10).

Kunamanzi kancane lapho inhlabathi yomile. Izinsuku ezingama-7-10 ngaphambi kokufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, ukuqina kuqala kusuka engxenyeni yehora ngosuku, kukhula kancane kancane kuye emahoreni angama-2-3.

Ukufakelwa

Izithombo atshalwe engadini yezimbali lapho usongo frost, okuyinto ebulala kakhulu asters abasha, 100% esedlule. Uma intwasahlobo isephuze, ungayilahla ngaphansi kwefilimu, ekhishwa ngemuva kwesonto.

Indlela yokufaka esikhundleni

Uma uthengiswa ungathola kalula ama-alpine aster anemibala ehlukahlukene, eyethulwa ezitsheni.

Le yinto enhle yokutshala engathengwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba futhi itshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo. Bajwayele ukuyikhetha, ngoba kunzima kakhulu ukukhulisa izithombo.

Ukuhlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, kugcina isikhathi sokukhula okungamasentimitha angama-20 phakathi kwezitshalo ngazinye. Ngemuva kokuvela, ziniselwa kuphela uma kunesidingo, ngoba ukweqisa ngokweqile kulimaza zona.

I-asterine ye-alpine ehlala isikhathi eside kangakanani izala kabusha

I-aster ene-alpine ye-vegetative izala kalula. Ehlobo kuyizinto ezisikiwe, kuthi ngoSepthemba zihlukanise izihlahla ezineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala.

• Ukwehlukaniswa nge-Bush

Lapho nje isihlahla sifinyelela eminyakeni engu-3-4, singabumbeka ngoSepthemba noma ngoMeyi, sihlukaniswe ngokucophelela ezingxenyeni ezi-2-3, ukuze sitshale ngokushesha ezindaweni ezintsha. Inqubo inconywa ngokuqinile, njengoba isihlahla esinezimbali ezinamandla siqala ukuguga, silahlekelwe umphumela waso wokuhlobisa, izimbali ziphela.

• Izimbumbulu

Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa izinhlobo ezikhethekile.

Thatha i-twig 6-8 cm ubude ngamaphoyinti angu-2 okukhula. Hlanganisa inhlabathi ngomlotha, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat bese ugcwalisa iziqukathi lapho izingcembe zisuselwe (zingcwatshwe ngo-4 cm). Ukwenziwa kwezimpande kungamaviki ama-4, emva kwalokho atshalwe ngokushesha endaweni ehlala njalo.

Ukufakelwa kwenziwa emgodini ngamunye wokufika, omba kude ne-20 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye noma ngaphezulu. Gcwalisa izimpande ngomhlabathi ovundile, bese ubopha izithombo zezihlahla kahle, ukuze ungadingeki ukhulule inhlabathi futhi uvame ukhula.

Izici zokunakekela i-Aster alpinus ekhaya

Uma ukhetha ukukhula esitsheni ku-windowsill, kufanele ulandele imithetho embalwa ebalulekile. E-alpine chamomile ebizwa ngokuthi i-alpine chamomile, ukukhula, ukukhathalela, ukufaka okunye ekhaya kulula kakhulu.

Izinga lokushisa lika + 15-18 ° C (amasonto angama-3-4) lanele ukuhluma kwembewu. Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu, izithombo zizovela ekuqaleni. Ku-20- 20 ° C lesi sitshalo sizizwa sithokozela kakhulu unyaka. Ebusika, ngesikhathi sokuphumula, kuyadingeka ukwehla ebangeni ukusuka ku-0 kuye ku- + 10 ° C.

Izimbiza ziniselwa kuphela lapho inhlabathi yomile yafika ekujuleni kuka-5- 10 cm ukusuka phezulu. I-bay iyingozi ohlelweni lwezimpande.

Ukufafaza akudingeki, kepha ngokuvamile ama-bush ayaphendula kahle kuwo uma lesi sitshalo siseduze komthombo womoya omusha (kuvulandi noma eduze kwewindi elivulekile).

Izinga elijwayelekile lomswakama egumbini (50-60%) lama-asters lanele.

Inhlabathi ilungisiwe ivundile futhi iyaxega. Izakhi ezithukululwayo zingeniswa kuwo impela: isihlabathi, amatshe amatshe amancane kanye ne-peat. I-Astra idinga i-calcium yokudla okunempilo, ngakho ufulawa we-dolomite noma amagobolondo amaqanda aqunjelwe axutshwe enhlabathini.

Umanyolo we-mineral complex unikezwa amahlandla ama-1-2 ngesizini, ngoba lesi sitshalo singesalabo abakhula kancane futhi kusukela kumanyolo omningi singabuna.

Iqhuma nini futhi kanjani

Ngokwesilinganiso, izimbali zohlobo ngalunye zihlala izinsuku ezingama-30-45.

I-inflorescence ubhasikidi lapho izimbali ezimaphakathi zangaphakathi zinama-corollas amafushane aphuzi, bese kuthi kwakhiwa ihlaza elingaphandle kusuka ezimbali ezinde zepinki, ezimhlophe, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nezinsomi. Amanye ama-hybrids angaba nebhasikidi eligcwele umbala ofanayo.

Ngokwesimo, i-inflorescence imvama ibukeka njenge-chamomile, lapho amacembe amade angaba nesimo esilula, esikhombe, ngomphetho we-wavy.

Iningi lezinhlobonhlobo ezitholakala ngokuthengiswa eziqhakaza ngoMeyi-Juni, kodwa ezinkulisa futhi ungathola ezinye ziyaqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwehlobo.

Lapho izihlahla ziqhakaza, ukusetshenziswa kwazo kwamanzi kukhuphuka kakhulu. Uma isikhathi sonke ngesilinganiso semvula esanele, ukutshala akukwazi ukuniselwa nhlobo, khona-ke ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukuthambisa kuyadingeka masonto onke. Izimbali ezomile, uma imbewu zingadingeki, ziyasuswa ukuze zenze ukuba izihlahla zibukeke zihle kakhulu.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni

Ngokuvamile, ngobuchwepheshe obufanele bezolimo, i-Alpine aster ayibangeli bunzima. Izimbangela zezinkinga ezingaba khona ziqondakala kahle.

Uma ingxenye eluhlaza ezintabeni iqala ukuphenduka iphuzi, khona-ke lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi lesi sifo sihlasele isitshalo noma somile. Ukwelashwa kokuzivikela kwenziwa kanye nomuthi ofanele, ukuthambisa kuyanda.

Iminonjana ye-powdery isikhutha ingabonakala emasimini. Umthombo wayo ungaphezu kwe-nitrogen emhlabathini kanye nesimo sezulu esishisayo. Isiza ukunciphisa ukunisela nokwelashwa nomuthi i- "Topaz", kwathi ekwindla izihlahla ziyafafazwa ngesisombululo se-sulfate yethusi.

Inani elincane lezimbali nokubukeka okuphaphathekile kukhombisa ukuqina kokutshalwa. Ngomswakama owedlulele, ama-aster abuna futhi afe ngokushesha. Uma isiza sokufika sikhethwe mnyama kakhulu, khona-ke ama-buds kungenzeka angaboli nhlobo.

I-Alpine aster iyintandokazi yaphakade yabalimi, ehlukahlukene ngemithunzi nosayizi wamabhishi. Engadini ngayinye, ungakhetha izinhlobo ezihehayo!