I-Epiphyllum, noma i-cactus ehlathini, isitshalo esivumayo sendabuko esendaweni eshisayo, eMexico naseMelika Ephakathi. Lesi sitshalo singesomndeni we-Epiphytic cactus, kepha sihlukile kuhlobo lwe-cacti elivamile ngendlela yesihlahla esineziqu ezinamahlamvu.
I-Epiphyllum imbali etholakala kalula ekhaya. Abathandi bezitshalo zasekhaya, ijabulisa ngezimbali eziningi izikhathi ezingama-1-2 ngonyaka. Iziqu zesitshalo ziyafana namaqabunga aluhlaza-aphuzi onqenqemeni olugxilisiwe kanye nezibonda emaphethelweni.
Imbali ebomvu
Uhlelo lombala lubanzi, kufaka phakathi amathunzi: ukhilimu, upinki, omhlophe, obomvu, ophuzi, owolintshi.
Nakani! Ekhaya, lesi sitshalo singathela izithelo, lokhu kudinga impova yokuwela. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, izithelo zinombala oluhlaza okotshani noma we-lilac, ombozwe ngameva ngaphezulu. Ziyadliwa, zinambitheka kamnandi, zisikhumbuza ingxube yepayinaphu kanye nesitrobheli.
Anguliger
I-Epifillum ehlukahlukene i-Anguliger isho "i-angular", iziqu zayo zinombala ophuzi oluhlaza okotshani, ezithobelana kakhulu ezansi. Ihlukaniswa ngokwahlukana okujulile okuhlukanisa iziqu ngezigaba zesimo esiyindilinga. Kokubili endle nasekhaya, isitshalo sivame ukwakha izimpande zomoya. Izimbali zifinyelela ku-10-20 cm ubude no-5-8 cm ububanzi, zinombala omhlophe, zivulekile kusihlwa nasebusuku, zinephunga elimnandi.
Ackerman
I-Epiphyllum ka-Ackerman ihlukaniswa ngemiphumela yayo yokuhlobisa, inesimo sombhishobhi onontathu namazinyo emaphethelweni. Ekhaya, ubukhulu besiqu bungafinyelela ku-5 cm ububanzi nama-60 cm ubude. Le mbali ikhula ibe ngu-15 cm ububanzi, i-epiphyllum ine-tint ebomvu, ingapendwe imhlophe noma iphuzi.
Izinhlobo ze-Ackerman
I-Oxypetalum
I-Epiphyllum cultivar i-Oxypetalum, noma i-acutifolia - izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ezitshalwa. Elinye igama lakhe ngu-Queen of the Night. Ine-stem ye-wavy stem ngaphandle kwama-spikes, ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2-3 ukuphakama. Ubukhulu bentyatyambo ububanzi bufika ku-17-19 cm, buqhakaza ebusuku, bube nephunga eliqinile elimnandi.
Isi-Guatemalan
IGuatemalan Epiphyllum iyi-cactus eyehlukile kwezinye izinhlobo ekwakhekeni kwesiqu sayo. Noma iqukethe izixhumanisi ezifika ku-5 cm ubude, ukwakheka kwazo kufana neqabunga le-oki, noma ngesimo sokuphikisana. Izimbali zincanyana, i-epiphyllum ine-pink hue.
Nakani! Iziqu zesitshalo saseGuatemalan esakhiweni sazo sifana namaqabunga e-Decembrist. Futhi zihlelwe ngokulandelana kwezigaba, eziningi zidida lezi zitshalo futhi zingabomndeni owodwa. Kunokufana okuningana phakathi kwabo, ngamunye unezici zakhe zokunakekelwa nokunisela, izidingo zokwakheka kwenhlabathi nokukhanyisa.
Futhi abanye
Ekhaya, ama-cacti atshalwe emvelweni yemvelo, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 noma izinhlobo ze-hybrid, zazo ezingaba ngu-200. Phakathi kwezitshalo zasendlini zivame ukutholakala:
- I-Epiphyllum growar Marniera. Inenqenqema yesiqu se-wavy lapho kuvela khona amahlumela. Izimbali ziqala ngasekupheleni kobusika, ama-buds apendiwe ophuzi, obomvu, owolintshi, omhlophe futhi opinki;
- Izinhlobonhlobo ezibizwa ngeLau, ezinhlanzini zayo ezinesiqu zikhula ziye kufinyelela ku-5 mm ubude. Imidumba enombala wekhilimu evulekile kusihlwa futhi iqhakaze izinsuku ezingafika kwezingu-2, inephunga elimnandi;
- I-Epiphyllum Paul de Lonpre - inhlobonhlobo enesistimu encane yezimpande, ungakhetha imbiza encane ukuyitshala;
- ICactus Just Pru yizinhlobonhlobo ezi-hybrid ezisakazwa ngokusikwa. Umbala ogqamile wembali ngomphetho omnyama uwuphawu lwalezi zinhlobonhlobo;
- I-Epiphyllum cultivars I-Phyllanthus ingakhiqiza izithombo zombili ezingashintshi nezindala zohlobo olupinki olupinki olunomgogodla ophuzi-omhlophe;
- I-epact cactus epifillum e-jagged ihlukaniswa ngenani elikhulu lamahlumela, amahlumela ayo avulekile ebumnyameni.
Hlunga uLau
Nakani! Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zamaKaktusov ezilungele ukukhula ekhaya, ezinye zazo zikhula zibe ngosayizi obalulekile, futhi ubukhulu bendawo efulethini kungenzeka bunganele ukubekwa okujwayelekile. Isibonelo, izinhlobo ze-Epiphyllum Anguliger zinobukhulu obuthe xaxa, ngokungafani ne-Epiphyllum Oxypetalum neGuatemalense, edinga isikhala esithe xaxa.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo kusuka esikhathini sokutshala kuhlukaniswe isikhathi sokukhula kwezitshalo kanye nokunakekelwa kwezimo zokukhula ezidingekayo. Kwi-cactus, ukutholakala kokukhanya okwanele nokugcina izinga lokushisa lingaphakathi kuka-20-25 ° C kubalulekile.
Ehlobo, i-epiphyllum ingaba ngaphandle. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, indawo yezimbali enesitshalo ingakhiphelwa ngaphandle futhi imbiwe emhlabathini, kufanele ukhethe indawo ngaphandle kokubhalwa okuqinile kwalokhu.
Ngaphandle
I-Cactus Rooting
Ekuqaleni, lesi sitshalo sibekwa ebhodweni elincane, njengoba sikhula, sidluliselwa esitsheni esikhudlwana. Ukuze i-cactus ithathe izimpande futhi ikhiphe izimpande, kubalulekile ukulandela yonke imithetho yokutshala. Idinga isendlalelo se-cacti, drainage kanye nesitshalo esinezimpande. Ungatshala kanjani:
- Beka ungqimba lwamanzi angu-4-5 cm obukhulu ezansi kwembiza;
- Thela i-6-7 cm ye-substrate ngaphezulu kwe-drainage bese ubeka isitshalo phakathi, usakaze izimpande;
- Gcwalisa izikhala ezinhlangothini ze-cactus ngenhlabathi. Udinga ukuthi uthephe embizeni ngentende yesandla sakho ukuze kuphume umoya omningi, futhi umhlaba unyikime.
Nakani! Ngenkathi ebandayo, ngesikhathi sokubandakanyeka kwesitshalo, izinga lokushisa egumbini lokushisa akufanele liwe ngaphansi kuka-10-15 ° C.
Inhlabathi nokufaka umanyolo
I-cacti idinga indawo engathathi hlangothi noma ene-acidic eningi, inhlabathi kumele ivulwe ukuvumela ukushintshwa komoya. Ama-Epiphyllums atshalwa endaweni ekhethekile ye-cacti, ethengiswa esitolo. Ungenza futhi nokwakheka okuhle ngokwakho, lokhu kudinga:
- Inhlabathi enosawoti e-fibrous - 200 g;
- Inhlabathi yamashidi - 200 g .;
- Amalahle amahle - 50 g;
- Isihlabathi samalahle, mhlawumbe umfula - 50 g;
- I-Peat - 50 g.
Kubalulekile! Umhlabathi we-epiphyllum kumele uhlanzeke, ngaphandle kokungcola kamoya. Umanyolo osetshenzisiwe akumele ube ne-nitrogen.
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, lesi sitshalo sondliwa njalo emavikini ama-2 ngomanyolo we-cacti. Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa umthamo okhonjiswe kwiphakheji izikhathi ezi-2. Ngemuva kokuthi ama-buds asungulwe, kuhlanganiswa ingxube yamanzi nama-mullein ngokwesilinganiso se-4: 1 ukusetshenziselwa ukondla. Ngemuva kokuba isitshalo sesiqhakaze, ungashintsha okunye ukondla nge-mullein kanye nomanyolo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo.
Nakani! Ebusika, imbali kufanele iphumule amasonto amane, ngaleso sikhathi iniselwa kancane hhayi ukuvundiswa.
Umswakama womoya
Ngokuqukethwe kwe-epiphyllum, akudingekile ukugcina umswakama othile womoya. Kudingeka umswakama owengeziwe ngenkathi eshisayo, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lidlula i-25 ° C. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungafafaza isiqu sesitshalo noma usule ngendwangu emanzi, uma ukwakheka kwawo kuvumela. Esikhathini esibandayo, inani lokunisela lincishiselwa isikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga noma liyeke ngokuphelele.
Imbali ngesizinda esimnyama
Ukunisela
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-epiphyllum ingeyomndeni wakwaCactus, idinga ukuthambisa okuningi. Kuyadingeka ukuyinisela lapho ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlabathi ebhodweni loma, kungabi ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezi-2-3 phakathi nenyanga.
Ungasebenzisa kuphela amanzi axazululiwe, ngaphandle kokungcola kwe-chlorine, kufanele kube emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. Imbiza yezimbali kufanele ime epallet lapho kuzokhela khona amanzi amaningi.
Uma isitshalo sisendaweni epholile, ngesikhathi sekwindla-ebusika, ukuchelela kungamiswa noma kuncishiswe isikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukuthambisa sekuqala kabusha kancane kancane, umuntu akakwazi ukuvele abuyele esimweni sangaphambilini, inani lamanzi liyakhula kancane kancane. Ungaqala ngokunisela okungu-1 njalo emavikini ayi-2.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukufafaza isitshalo ngokukhanya okukhulu kwelanga, ngenxa yalokhu, ukushiswa kungavela ngeziqu.
Izinhlobo ngayinye yezitshalo iqhakaza ngokuhlukile, inesikhathi sayo sezimbali. I-Epiphyllum imhlophe nebomvu ingahluka hhayi ngombala kuphela, kepha futhi ngesimo, iphunga nosayizi walembali. Ukuze isitshalo siqhume, imbiza kufanele ime efasiteleni elisempumalanga noma ngasentshonalanga. Ehlobo, i-cactus ingaba ngaphandle, kepha ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kufanele kugwenywe.
Izimbali ziyaqhakaza, ukuqhuma ngakunye kusuka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya kwesonto. Izimbali ziqala entwasahlobo, imvama maphakathi no-Ephreli, kepha ezinye izinhlobo ze-phylloctactus eziqhakaza ziphindaphindeka ekwindla.
Ukuqhakaza okumnandi
Izizathu zokuthi kungani kungaqhakaza
Uma isitshalo sinakekelwa ngendlela engafanele, singayeka ukuqhakaza. Ukungalandelwa kwezimo zokushisa, ukuntuleka noma ukweqisa komswakama kuthinta i-cactus yehlathi. Kungani i-epiphyllum ingakaze iqhume isikhathi eside:
- Ukushisa komoya okuphezulu kakhulu ngesikhathi sebusika;
- Ukweqile kwe-nitrogen emhlabathini wokutshala;
- Ukunisela okunganele ngesikhathi esishisayo;
- Ukunisela ngokweqile ebusika;
- Ukuntuleka kokukhanya;
- Ukuba khona kwezifo zokukhunta kulesi sitshalo.
Nakani! Awukwazi ukuhambisa noma ukujikeleza imbiza nesitshalo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali - i-epiphyllum ingalahlekelwa izimbali kanye nemiqumbe.
Izindlela zokwenza ukuqhakaza
I-cactus ingaqhakaza kuphela uma ikhula endaweni enhle. Akuwenzi mqondo ukwenza iqhakaza lesitshalo uma lisesimweni esingalungile. Uma bekungekho zimbali isikhathi eside ngokwanele, imithetho yokunakekela isitshalo yokwephulwa kungenzeka.
Ungayenza kanjani i-epiphyllum ukuthi iqhume ukuqhakaza:
- Hlola inani lomswakama. Umswakama akufanele wandiswe, futhi nesitshalo akufanele sibe semhlabeni owomile;
- Nikeza ukukhanya okukhanyayo okwanele. Uma imbali isemafasiteleni ohlangothini olusenyakatho, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuyibeka entshonalanga noma empumalanga, kubalulekile ukuyihambisa eduze kwewindows ngangokunokwenzeka;
- Yethula ukugqoka uma lokhu kungenzekanga isikhathi eside;
- Bheka ukwakheka komanyolo okusetshenziselwa i-nitrogen. Umanyolo ungaphazamisa ukuqhakaza;
- Nikeza isitshalo isikhathi esomile, usibeka egumbini elipholile phakathi nobusika;
- Nquma amahlumela neziqu ezindala ezinamatshe;
- Susa amahlumela wesimo sobukhosi, izimbali azivamile ukwakhelwa kuzo;
- Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ungakwazi ukunisela i-cactus ngamanzi afudumele ebhodleleni lokufafaza. Abalimi abaningi basebenzisa le ndlela ukusiza isitshalo "ukuba sivuke", ngokushesha ukuqina kube ngeziqu - izihluma zesikhathi esizayo;
- Bheka iziqu zesitshalo ukuthola ukuthi zingakanani noma zikhula kanjani. Mhlawumbe i-cactus itholakala kalula kufungus, ebambezela ukukhula kwayo futhi iphazamise nokuqhakaza.
I-Epiphyllum ibonakala ngokusakazwa ngokusikwa kanye nembewu, indlela ngayinye inezinzuzo nobubi.
Izilimo ezisikiwe
Imbewu
I-Epiphyllum ingatshalwa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, ezizodinga:
- Imbewu
- Imbiza enezinhlangothi eziphansi;
- Isendlalelo se-cacti nabahluleli;
- Ingilazi noma i-polyethylene;
- Amadreyini (amatshe amatshe, i-polystyrene);
- I-Shovel.
Ungakhula kanjani:
- Phansi kwembiza lapho kukalwa khona amanzi, kubethelwa phezu kwawo amasentimitha angama-3-4. Konke kuniselwa kakhulu ngamanzi;
- Imbewu isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ngaphezulu, zidinga ukufafazwa ngenani elincane le-substrate. Kufanele zijuliswe ngu-5-6 mm;
- Imbiza iqiniswa ngesongelo sepulasitiki noma embozwe ngengilazi. Kufanele ime endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle emazingeni okushisa angama-20-25 ° C;
- Nsuku zonke, izitshalo kufanele zithunyelwe ngokuvula ingilazi noma ifilimu imizuzu engama-45-50. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, ungqimba oluvikelayo luyasuswa;
- Amahlumela angadluliselwa kumabhodwe ahlukile lapho efinyelela usayizi 4-5 mm ubude.
Isendlalelo esinezinhlamvu kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sibe simanzi, ngoba lokhu kuthelwa ngamanzi asuka ebhodleleni lokufafaza. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iziqu zithola ukwakheka okuyisicaba, izitshalo ezikhule kusuka ezinhlwanyini ziyaqhakaza kuphela emva kweminyaka emi-5.
Izimbumbulu
ICactus epiphyllum isakazwa ukusikwa kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, okufanele kwenziwe:
- Sika isiphetho sanoma yisiphi isiqu esingu-5-10 cm. Uma ububanzi besiqu bungaphezu kuka-5 cm, kufanele senziwe sesivele esisekelweni. Ububanzi bawo kufanele bube phakathi kwama-3-5 cm;
- I-shank kufanele yome ekushiseni kwegumbi, ngoba lokhu kubekwa ephepheni elingenalutho bese kushiyelwa izinsuku ezingama-1-2;
- Ingqimba yokudonsa ibekwe phansi phansi kwembiza, umhlaba ulele usuka phezulu;
- Leli hlumela litshalwe enhlabathini emanzi elungiselelwe ukujula kuka-5 mm. Uma kungazinzile, kufanele ubambe isibambo kwisikhonkwane.
Nakani! Izimbambo zisuka kahle nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka uma kunokukhanya okwanele egumbini. Esikhathini sasebusika, ungasebenzisa ukukhanyisa okwenziwe ngobuciko.
Usuku lokuqala ngemuva kokutshala, inqubo kayiniselwa, kufanele ibe semthunzini. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, ifomu lezimpande, sonke lesi sikhathi inhlabathi kufanele ibe umswakama, ngaphandle kokuswakama ngokweqile. Ama-cutways anakekelwa njengembali endala, ngemuva kweminyaka engu-1-2 i-epiphyllum izoqhakaza.
Abathandi bezitshalo abaningi bakhetha i-epiphyllum yekhaya labo, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwalesi sitshalo akudingi isikhathi esiningi nezinsizakusebenza. Ibizwa nge- "Cactus Orchid", izimbali ze-epiphyllum zinesimo nobukhulu obuhlukile, imibala ehlukile. Uma i-cactus ibhekelelwa kahle, minyaka yonke izokujabulela ukuqhakaza okugcwele.
