AmaMarigolds (ama-tagete) angabakhileyo kuyo yonke ingadi. Zitholakala emibhedeni yezimbali yasemadolobheni, ejabulisa amehlo abantu abadlulayo. Zigcwalisa umoya ngephunga elingenakuqhathaniswa, ziyakhazimula emaphethelweni ezindlu zedolobha. Lezi zimbali azithobeki ngokuphelele ekukhuleni. Kodwa-ke, abalimi banemibuzo eminingi uma izihlahla ngenxa yesizathu esithile ziphenduka ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zibomvu noma zibubende. Abaningi abaqondi kahle ukuthi benzeni lapho izinambuzane zihlasela lezi zitshalo. Ukuze ukugula kungathathwe ngokungamangazi, futhi kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuyiqeda ngesikhathi esifanele, kufanele wazi izifo eziphambili zama-marigolds, kanye nalezo zinambuzane ezilimaza lezi zimbali.
Izifo zikaMarigold kanye nokwelashwa kwazo
Ama-Tagete, uma eqhathaniswa nezinye izimbali, cishe awangenwa yisifo. Kodwa-ke, ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokuqala yokunakekelwa, ukunganaki komhlabathi, ukuchelela, nokugqoka okuphezulu kuholela ekutheni izitshalo ziqale ukubuna futhi zife.
Kungani amaqabunga ama-marigold ephenduka abomvu
Abanye abalimi basendaweni emile futhi abaqondi ukuthi kungani amaqabunga e-marigold ephenduka ebomvu. Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yokungabaphathi kahle. Okwesibili, kungenxa yokuthi izitshalo ziyagula.
UMarigolds
Izimbangela ezilandelayo zifaka isandla ekunciphisweni kwamaqabunga e-marigold:
- amakhaza. Kuyathinta amaqabunga esitshalo, ngenxa yalokho aphenduka abomvu;
- ilanga elihangulayo. Iphinde ibe nomphumela othile kumaqabunga, okuholela ekushintsheni kombala wabo;
- ukufakelwa. Ehlahlwini kudingeka adlule esikhathini sokuvunyelwa, futhi ngalesi sikhathi amaqabunga awo azobe ebomvu;
- inhlabathi ene-asidi. Uma amaqabunga e-marigold ephenduka abomvu, lapho-ke kudingeka uhlole ukuthi ungakanani umhlabathi wenhlabathi.
Ngokusobala, kulungile ukuthi amaqabunga ezitshalo aphenduke abomvu, cha. Kwanele ukuhlaziya isizathu sokuthi kungani kwenzeka into enjalo, futhi ngeke sikwazi ukuqeda inkinga yezabasebenzi.
Kungani ama-marigolds engaqhakaza: ukuthi enzeni
Ngokuya ngezimo zezulu, udinga ukulinda cishe izinyanga ezimbili kusukela lapho amahlahla atshalwe emhlabathini ukubona ukuthi izitshalo ziqhakaza kanjani. Uma ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi kungenzeki lutho, khona-ke izithombo zazinakekelwa ngokungafanele.
Izizathu ezinkulu zokuthi kungani ama-marigolds engaqhakaza nokuthi kufanele enzeni ngawo:
- ukuntuleka noma ngokweqile komanyolo. AmaMarigolds kufanele ondliwe ngamalungiselelo aqukethe i-potassium ne-phosphorus (ingxenye ngayinye ithathwa ku-1 tbsp.spoon futhi ichithwe ku-10 l wamanzi, ngenkathi isilinganiso sokugeleza ngesikhathi sokunisela kufanele sibe yi-2-3 l nge-1 m²);
- Ukunisela okunganele noma okweqile. Izimbali ziniselwa nsuku zonke, uma ihlobo selomile - ekuseni nakusihlwa (ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi - 20 l nge-1 m²);
- awukho umoya owenele emhlabathini. Ukwanelisa inhlabathi nge-oxygen, kuyadingeka ukuyikhulula kanye ngesonto;
- ukungakhanyi ngokwanele. Amabhasi kufanele atshalwe endaweni enelanga, uma lokhu kungenzeki, angabekwa emthunzini oyingxenye.
Nakani! UMarigolds ubekezelela ngesizotha ngesomiso, kepha ukuntuleka komswakama kubangela ukubukeka kwawo futhi kuvimbela ukuqhakaza okugcwele.
Amahlamvu kaMarigold aphenduka amhlophe
Kwesinye isikhathi kuvela ukubala okumhlophe emaqabunga ezihlahla. Lokhu kungakhombisa bobukhona besifo kanye nokwehlulwa kwezimbali izinambuzane.
Manje kungani amaqabunga e-marigold ephenduka aba mhlophe? Izizathu eziyinhloko:
- izitshalo zithinteka yisicabucabu - amabala amhlophe ngesimo se-spider ayabonakala emaqabungeni;
- ehlathini langenwa yisifo esinjenge-powdery lemew - ngaphezu kokubukeka kwe-plaque emaqabungeni, aqala ukugoqa emaphethelweni.
Uma amaqabunga e-marigold emhlophe, udinga ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuqeda imbangela yalesi sifo ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isitshalo sizofa, futhi yonke imizamo yokusikhulisa izoba ngeze.
UMarigold ushiya isontekile
Uma i-marigold ishiya i-curl, into yokuqala okudingeka uyinake kukhona imibala eyanele yokukhanyisa. Kuyenzeka ukuthi ekuqaleni ehlathini kwakhulelwe egumbini okwakungekho kukhanya kulo, bese kuhanjiswa elangeni. Kulokhu, amaqabunga ajika aphuzi kuqala, bese omile, asonga emaphethelweni, bese ewa.
Kubalulekile! Uma amaqabunga eqabunga e-marigold ephela futhi aqothuka, futhi ukuqothuka kufiphele, imbangela ingaba ukuthambisa okuqabile kwezihlahla. Isomiso sihlanganisiwe kule mibala!
Amaqabunga agobile angakhombisa ukuthi izitshalo zithinteka yi-chlorosis noma i-powdery hlobo.
Kubonakala kanjani i-marigold chlorosis?
IMarigold chlorosis yisifo esibonakala ngenxa yokushoda kwezinto ezithile zomkhondo. Ngalesi sifo, ukwakheka kwe-chlorophyll emaqabungeni kuyaphazamiseka. Ukuthi amaTagete agula yi-chlorosis kuboniswa yilezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- emaphepheni imithambo ihlala iluhlaza, namapuleti ayo aphuzi;
- iziqongo zezitshalo zomile;
- amaqabunga ngobukhulu aba mancane futhi awe;
- Amahlumela asonakele futhi awele phansi;
- ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwempande kumisiwe.
Ukwelashwa kwe-chlorosis ukwengeza enhlabathini ethola isici esintulelayo sesitshalo. Uma kuvela ubunzima nencazelo yayo, udinga ukusebenzisa ukugqoka okuphezulu okuyinkimbinkimbi, okuqukethe zonke izinto ezidingekayo.
Kuyini i-powdery isikhutha kuma-marigolds (lat.Erysiphaceae)
I-Powdery hlobo ithathwa njengesifo sokukhunta. Lapho kwenzeka, inhlanganisela emhlophe ivela ngesimo sempuphu emaqabungeni ezitshalo, abaningi abazithathela uthuli nje olujwayelekile. Kulula ukuyikhipha ngomunwe, kepha kungekudala iphinde ivele.
Izifo zeMarigold
Uma ungakunaki lokhu kugula isikhathi eside, sonke isitshalo simbozwe ngembozo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaqabunga awo aphuzi, futhi amasha akhula asontekile futhi amabi ngesimo.
Ukwelapha ama-bush kusuka ku-powdery hlobo, kusetshenziswa isikhunta, esuselwa kwisibabule.
Nakani! Uma izitshalo zelashwa nge-powdery hlobo, akufanele zifafazwe ngamakhemikhali amasonto amabili noma amathathu alandelayo.
Ukubola okumpunga (lat. Botrytis cinerea)
Lesi sifo sithinta izitshalo uma kubanda futhi kushubisa isimo sezulu. Kaningi ukuhlupheka kungukutshala okuminyene kwezimbali. Uma amaqabunga neziqu zezihlahla zimnyama, amabala ansundu aqala ukwakheka phezu kwawo, ngakho-ke sekuyisikhathi sokuthatha izinyathelo nokusindisa izitshalo ekubolile okungwevu.
Lesi sifo singasakazeka ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zokugula, izingxenye ezithinta imbali kumele zisuswe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lesi sifo sizoshintsha sikhule eduze kwezilimo.
Marigold black bola (lat.Guignardia bidwellii)
Umlenze omnyama yisifo esijwayelekile kunazo zonke se-marigold. Ithinta ikakhulukazi izitshalo ezincane. Ingxenye engezansi yeziqu zazo kuqala iba mnyama bese ibola, lapho imbali ifa khona.
Empini yokulwa nokubola okumnyama, kubhekelwa ngokukhethekile ezenzweni zokuvimbela. Ngezikhathi ezithile ungamphuzisa izitshalo ngesixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate. Uma abanye babo begula, basuswa ngokushesha ukugwema ukutheleleka kwamanye amahlahla.
Kubalulekile! Ukubola okumnyama akuphathwa, kepha izindlela zokuvimbela kungakuvikela.
Izimpawu zokulimala sekwephuzile (i-lat. Phytophthora infestans)
UMarigolds akahlushwa ukulimala sekwephuzile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, lezi zimbali zitshalwa eduze kwamazambane, upelepele, utamatisi nezinye izitshalo ezitholakala ngokutholwa isikhunta sezinhlobo ze-Phytophthora infestans, okusho ukuthi "ukutshabalalisa izitshalo."
Ukubona amabala ansundu (mar. Phyllosticta petuniae Sp.)
Ukubona amabala ansundu akwesabi ama-marigolds, ngoba nawo awathinteki kulesi sifo.
Izimbangela zesifo iMarigold
AmaMarigolds ayizitshalo ezingenakudalwa. Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa okungafanele kubo kucasula ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezahlukahlukene.
Ukwephula izinga lokushisa
Ngenxa yokwephula umbuso wokushisa, izifo ezilandelayo zingakhula:
- i-powdery hlobo (umoya ongaphandle ngaphansi kuka-15 ° C);
- ukubola okungwevu (ukubanda, isimo sezulu esishisayo).
Nakani! Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lokukhula kwama-marigolds emhlabathini ovulekile ngu-18-26 ° C.
Ukwephula ukwephula
Ngenxa yokwephulwa kwemithetho yokunisela, kungavela lezi zinkinga ezilandelayo:
- i-powdery hlobo (inhlabathi ihlala yomiswa bese ithululelwa);
- umlenze omnyama (ukubamnyama nokubola kweziqu ngezihlwayi ngokweqile);
- ukunqamuka kokukhula (inhlabathi ayinamanzi kahle);
- inflorescence encane (ukuntuleka komswakama).
Umswakama owengeziwe uholela ekungenzeki kokuthuthukisa ama-inflorescence ngemuva kokuqhuma kwama-marigolds. Ziyabola, ezigcina zibhubhise isitshalo.
Ukushoda kwensimbi
Uma izitshalo noma izithombo ziphenduka ziphuzi, lokhu kungaba wuphawu lokuntuleka kwensimbi. Inkinga ingaxazululwa kalula uma ungeza ukugqoka, okuqukethe into engekhoyo yomkhondo.
Izinambuzane
Kwesinye isikhathi akuqondakali ngokuphelele ukuthi kwenzekani ngezimbali: noma othile udla ama-marigold, noma bake babhekana nohlobo oluthile lwesifo, noma nje banakekelwa ngokungafanele. Eqinisweni, kulula ngokwanele ukubona ukuthi kwenzakalani ngamakati. Into esemqoka ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinambuzane ezingazihlasela lezi zitshalo nokuthi umphumela wemisebenzi yazo ebalulekile ubukeka kanjani.
Ngubani odla ama-marigolds
Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu zalabo abadla ama-marigold yile:
- imvelo eluhlaza okotshani. Ithinta izitshalo ezikhula ngaphansi kwezimo ezishisayo. Isibonelo, ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ezinomoya omncane noma endaweni evulekile enamahlobo afudumele ngokweqile. Ubhabhathane omncane. Ukudla kwalo okuyinhloko yijusi elivela emaqabunga ezimbali. Ezitshalweni, lesi sinambuzane singashiya izibungu zaso, ukuminyanisa okuye kube yindawo yesikhunta se-sooty. Ukuba khona kwalesi sifo kufakazelwa ukuhlanganiswa okumnyama emaqabungeni ezitshalo;
IGreenhouse Whitefly
- iminenke nezihlakala. Lezi zinambuzane zesigaba se-mollusk class gnaw busesimweni sezulu esinethayo. Zidla amaqabunga neziqu zezitshalo zombili;
- Ama-thrips ayizinambuzane ezincane eziphuza ujusi kusuka kuma-marigold buds futhi uwaqede. Baqala ukubola, ekugcineni bome bese bawela phansi. Izindawo ezithintekile kulula kakhulu ukuzibona: zibukeka njengezikhonkwane ezinobukhulu obukhulu endaweni yamaphilisi e-buds;
- amacimbi. Zidla ngamaqabunga ezimbali, ngenxa yokuthi lesi sitshalo silahlekelwa umphumela wazo wokuhlobisa.
Nakani! Isilinganiso esiyinhloko sokulawulwa kwezinambuzane kuma-marigolds ukuhlolwa okuyimfihlo kwezitshalo. Le ndlela ukuphela kwendlela yokuqaphela ngesikhathi esifanele ukuthi izinambuzane ziqale ukubhubhisa izihlahla, futhi zithathe izinyathelo ezifanele ukuvimbela ukufa kwamaTagete.
Marigold spider mite
Lesi sinambuzane singena ezitshalweni ezincane. Kodwa-ke, uma ihlobo lishisa futhi lomile, lingakwazi ukuhlasela amatshana abantu abadala. Lesi sinambuzane sisakazeka endaweni eyomile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile lapho ama-marigolds ekhula ukuze alondoloze umswakama owanele womoya futhi afafaze izitshalo kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Lapho kuvela isimungulu sesicabucabu emarigolds, amaqabunga ezihlahla athole ukuqhakaza okumhlophe. Ngemuva kwalokho bayoma bese, bafa, bawa. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi ukulwa nalesi sinambuzane. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ingadi izolahlekelwa izakhamizi zayo ezinhle.
Uma kuphakama umbuzo, ungabhekana kanjani nama-cobwebs kuma-marigolds, khona-ke izindlela ezifanele kuphela zigcina umoya umswakama futhi ufafaza izihlahla njalo.
Izikhala zesicabucabu zingalahlwa ngokulandelayo. Udinga u-200 g kagwayi uthele amalitha ama-2 amanzi. Faka izinsuku ezimbili, hlunga bese ungeza amanzi kuze kugcwaliswe umthamo wamalitha ayi-10. Kulesi sixazululo, udinga ukufaka u-50 g wezingubo zensipho yokuwasha bese uxuba konke kahle. Ama-taghes afafazwa ngalokhu ukumiliswa ekuseni nakusihlwa kuze kube yilapho inkathazo inyamalala ngokuphelele.
Nakani! Ngenkathi kulungiswa ama-infusions ahlukahlukene wokufafaza ehlathini, lapho kuzalaniswa umanyolo wokudla kanye namakhemikhali ekwelashweni kwezifo nezinambuzane, iziqukathi zensimbi engenasici ngeke zisetshenziswe. Inketho engcono kakhulu ngamabhakede epulasitiki nezitsha.
Ama-aphid kaMarigold
Lezi zinambuzane zinosayizi abancane abangama-3 kuye ku-7 mm. Ekhanda lesi inkathazo kukhona i-proboscis ehlaba ngayo isiqu namaqabunga esitshalo, incela ujusi. Izinambuzane zihlasela izihlahla emakoloni.
Ama-aphid kaMarigold
Lapho kuvela ama-aphid kuma-marigolds, indlela eyinhloko yokulwa nakho ukusebenzisa ama-insecticides. Ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa, udinga ukugeza izinambuzane ezihlahleni ngengcindezi enamandla yamanzi. Uma lokhu sekwenziwe, amakhemikhali angasetshenziswa ukuvikela izinambuzane ukuthi zingabuyeli ezimbali.
Amakhemikhali wezolimo nokuvikelwa kwezitshalo
Ukuze amaTagete athokozise iso ngokubukeka kwawo, kuyadingeka ukuthi unakekele izindlela zokuvikela izitshalo ezifweni ezisesigabeni sokutshala imbewu.
Ungawaphatha kanjani amakhambi abantu
Ukugula okuthile kwama-marigolds kungalapheka ngezindlela ezingezona ezendabuko:
- I-Chlorosis Ungasindisa isitshalo kulesi sishayo uma uphonsa izipikili ezigqwala ebhodweni lapho ikhula khona (okunye kususa ukugqwala kusuka ezintweni zensimbi ezindala bese usifaka enhlabathini).
- Izifo ze-fungus ziphathwa ngalezi zakhi ezilandelayo: 40 g we-ash ash ehlanganiswe ne-10 g yesikhunta, okuncibilikisiwe ku-10 l wamanzi asishisayo futhi selehlile (izihlahla ezifafazwe nenhlabathi); I-80 g ye-mustard powder ithululelwa kumalitha angama-20 amanzi, isixazululo esiphumela sifafazwa ngaphezulu kwezimbali; Ama-60 g wegalikhi oqoshiwe athululelwa kumalitha ama-2 amanzi, afakwa ngosuku, ahlungiwe, asetshenziselwe ukufafaza.
Kubalulekile! Ngemuva kokuba izitshalo zifafazwe ngesakhiwo esisodwa, ukwelashwa ngesinye kungenziwa ngaphambi kokuphela kwesonto.
Ukuvimbela nokuvikela ama-marigolds ezinambuzaneni nasezifo
Izindlela zokuzivikela zimi ngalendlela elandelayo:
- ukuhambisana nombuso wokushisa, imithetho yokunisela izihlahla, ukutshala izitshalo ezindaweni ngokukhanya okuhle;
- ukuthatha isinqumo sokutshala imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile, lokhu akumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kwengxenye yesibili kaMeyi (inhlabathi imbozwe ngezinto zokuvikela hhayi ukususwa kuze kuvele izithombo zokuqala);
- lapho kukhula izithombo emabhodweni noma ezinkomishini, amanzi kufanele abekwe ezansi zawo (isihlabathi samalahle noma amatshe angasetjenziswa). Lesi yisinyathelo sokuvimbela ukuvikela ukukhula kwezifo zokukhunta;
- entwasahlobo, izitshalo zivundiswa ngokulinganayo, ngoba ukugqoka okuphezulu okuphezulu kungavusa ukukhula okusebenzayo kwesisindo esiqandayo nokubambezeleka kwezimbali.
Nakani! Ukubukeka okunempilo kwezimbali kuncike ekutheni zinakekelwa kanjani. IMarigolds ayisiye walezo zitshalo ongazitshala futhi ukhohlwe ukuthi zikhona. Isimo sengqondo sokunakekela kubo isihluthulelo sobuhle nokunethezeka kwanoma iyiphi ingadi.
Ukuvikelwa kwama-marigolds ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni:
- I-greenhouse whitefly. Izindlela zokuzivikela zifaka ukwelapha amahlahlandlela ngesinaphi namanzi. Ukuyipheka, udinga ukuthatha u-2 tbsp. wezipuni of lwesinaphi owomile kanye 0,5 amalitha amanzi. Izithako zihlanganiswa bese zifakwa kubhavu wamanzi. Lapho lwesinaphi seluchithile, umkhiqizo uyapholiswa futhi ufafazwe ngamakhasi.
- Iminenke kanye nama-slugs. Ukuvimbela ekudleni izitshalo, lezi zinambuzane kufanele ziqoqwe ngesandla. Futhi, amapulangwe enkuni abekwa eceleni kwezihlahla zemarigold. Ziyisithiyo kuma-slgs neminenkezo endleleni eya emaqabunga ezitshalo.
- Ama-Thrips. Ukuvimbela ukuvikela kubo kuqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Lapho ingadi iphathwa ngokulimala kwezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, ama-marigold nawo afafazwa ngamalungiselelo akhethekile. Njengama-thrips, umthetho, uthinta izihlahla zezithelo futhi usuvele usuka kubo uye ezimbalini. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwenza ukwelashwa okuphelele konke okungaqhakaza engadini.
Izinambuzane zikaMarigold
- Amakhokho. Izinyathelo zokuvikelwa zehla ukuze zifafaze izitshalo ngamakhemikhali. Ungase futhi uthulise amaqabunga ezihlahla ngomlotha.
- Isikhala sesicabucabu.Izindlela zokuvimbela zifaka ukufafaza njalo kwezitshalo, ngoba lesi sinambuzane asikubekezeleli umswakama ophezulu.
- I-Chlorosis Ukuvikela izitshalo ekukhuleni kwalesi sifo kuqukethe ukubheka indlela eyiyo yezimbali ezikhulayo, kanye nasekusetshenzisweni okufika ngesikhathi kokufaka umquba.
- Ukubola okumnyama. Izindlela zokuzivikela zibandakanya ukuthi imbewu yezimbali ngaphambi kokutshala ifakwe emanzini ukhunta, iphinde ingene enhlabathini lapho izitshalo zizokhula khona.
Izindlela zokuvikela ngesikhathi zingasusa isitshalo semiphumela yamakhemikhali angalwa nezilokazane nezifo.
Ama-Tagetees avikela ngokweqiniso amasiko amaningi ezinambuzaneni nasezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimbali ngokwazo zingathola ukugula okuthile. Ukuvikela izilwane zakho ezifuywayo esimweni esinjalo, udinga ukuzinika isikhathi esithe xaxa futhi ususe noma isiphi isibonakaliso senkinga evelayo ngisho nasesigabeni sokuqalwa kwayo.
