Ama-Strawberries, noma ama-strawberries engadini-elinye lamajikijolo okuqala ehlobo, okubonakala okulindelwe ngabombili izingane kanye nabantu abadala. Ngakho-ke, abanikazi bezindawo zasemaphandleni bakhetha ukubeka okungenani indawo encane yokutshala kwayo ukuze badle amajikijolo enomsoco anempilo. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, ngamamitha ayikhulu angamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye womhlaba, ufuna ukubeka izitshalo eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kube nemifino, nemifino yakho, namajikijolo ahlukahlukene etafuleni. Kodwa-ke, isayithi, njengoba bethi, akuyona i-rubber. Kulesi simo, abanikazi bama-cottage baqala ukubheka izinhlobo ezinezivuno eziphezulu. Uma sikhuluma nge-strawberries, khona-ke lokhu kuqondile ezihlukahlukene "Elsanta", izici zokulima okuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko.
Uyazi? Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho baye bavumelanisa ukutshala ama-strawberries engadini kulo lonke unyaka - ezindaweni zokuhlala ezikhungweni ezifudumele. Ngakho-ke, isivuno sokuqala se-sitrobheli "i-Elsanta" singabuthwa ngoJuni, kepha ngoDisemba, ngokuhlobisa ithebula leNcibijane Lonyaka omusha nge amajikijolo akhiwa ekhaya.
Umlando wokuzalanisa ama-strawberries izinhlobo "Elsanta"
Strawberry "Elsanta" yabonakala ngenxa yemizamo yabalimi baseDashi kungekudala - ukukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo kwenziwa ngo-1981. Wayengumphumela wokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili - "Gorella" ne "Holiday". Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ngezici zalezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-strawberry ziqhathanisa konke okunye. "Elsanta" ifakwe ohlwini lwezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle futhi iyinhlangano evamile, uhlobo oluthile lokuvunwa.
Uyazi? Amajikijolo athandwa kakhulu "Elsanta" asetshenziswa ekhaya - eHolland naseBelgium. Lapho bakhule kakhulu ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo endaweni yezimboni.
Incazelo ehlukahlukene
Ngakho ake sihlolisise izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene ezihlukene ze-sitrobheli "i-Elsanta", ufunde kabanzi mayelana naso incazelo eningiliziwe. Ake siqale ngezithelo - zikhona kulo mkhuba wohlobo olunezinhlangothi eziningi, oluncane, obomvu obomvu ngombala we-varnished. Inyama yabo ibomvu, imnandi. Ekubukeni izithelo zithandeka kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, futhi ukunambitha - bumnandi nge-asidi encane, aqukethe u-7.3% ushukela no-0.77% we-asidi. Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo emkhakheni we-dessert kulinganiselwa kumaphuzu angu-4.7-5. Bayizilinganiso ezincane - banesisindo esilinganisiwe esingu-45 g. Ukulinganisa kungenezelwa ezinkambisweni zabo eziyinhloko. Zihamba kahle futhi zigcinwe kahle ekamelweni lokushisa - kuze kube yizinsuku ezintathu. Izithelo kalula zivela esitsheni.
Ukutshala izitshalo zikhule zibe usayizi ophakathi, azihlakazekile. Bakha inani elincane lezintshe nezitolo. Izinzuzo ze-strawberries "i-Elsanta" kufanele ziqoshwe, yiqiniso, zithele: kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa kungenzeka ukuqoqa kuze kufike ku-1.5 kg ngesikhathi sonyaka bese kufika ku-74 kg ngehektha ngalinye lezitshalo ze-strawberry. Futhi futhi inkathi ende ye-fruiting.
Enye inzuzo yesitshalo ibhekwa ukuphikiswa okukhulu kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukumelana okuhle nokuvimba kwefungal, i-verticillary wilt. Ngokuvamile, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingabizwa ngokuthi zingenakuzithoba - azidingi imizamo yokunakekelwa eyengeziwe nokuqothula njalo.
Phakathi kokungalungi kwe-sitrobheli "Elsanta" - ubumpofu obunzima obusika (kuze kube ku -14 ºС) nokumelana nesomiso, ukutholakala kwezimpande ezibolile kanye nomoya we-powdery.
Leli banga lifanelwe ukulima endaweni evulekile nasendlini yokushisa. Kunconyelwe ukulima emgwaqeni ophakathi naseningizimu. Umjikelezo okhulayo uneminyaka emine. Ukuphuza ama-strawberry "Elsanta" - aphakathi.
I-Berry iyinhlangano yonke: efanelekayo ukusetshenziswa okusha, okwenza imishado, imishaja, ukukhanda.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela ngaphambi kokufika
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala lezi ezihlukahlukene yikwindla, kodwa hhayi ngaphambi kwengxenye yesibili ka-Septhemba. Uma unquma ukutshala entwasahlobo, ulinde amajikijolo amancane.
Kubalulekile! Akufanele utshale ama-strawberry ngesikhathi sezulu eshisayo, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukubola nokulimaza uhlelo lwempande.Indawo esakhiweni ngaphambi kokutshala kufanele ilungiselelwe ngokucophelela: ukulima, ukuphumula zonke izibani zomhlaba. Bese uthele kahle bese ushiya kulo mcimbi usuku. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukhulule inhlabathi wenze izimbobo.
Uma utshala inhlabathi ingakwazi (kodwa hhayi) ukutshala umquba ophilayo noma we-nitrogenous. Ngakho-ke, ingxube ye-humus noma i-compost ebolile kahle (3 kg / 1 sq. M), i-potassium chloride (10 g), i-superphosphate (30 g) ifakwe emigodini yokufika.
Ngemuva kwalendlela, inhlabathi ngaphansi kwamahlumela kufanele iphuze futhi igubungulwe ngendwangu yamanzi utshani obomile, i-humus, i-peat noma i-compost. Uma utshala ngale ndlela, ama-strawberries ngeke adinge umanyolo kuze kufike isikhathi sokuhluma.
Uhlelo lokutshala ama-Strawberry "Elsanta"
Indlela engcono yokutshala kulezi zihlukahlukene kuyoba yindlela emibili - 30 × 30. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezimbobo lapho i-cluster landing kufanele ishiywe okungenani ngu-25 cm, phakathi kwemigqa - 40 cm. Ungasebenzisa futhi uhlelo lokutshala ibhanbhisi emibili: 80 × 30 × 30. I-strawberries eqhubekayo itshalwe ngo-8 cm.
I-strawberries yezitshalo cishe kunesimo sezulu esinamafu.
Ukutshalwa kwe-agrotechnical kwe-strawberries izinhlobo "Elsanta"
Kusukela ukubekezela kwesomiso kwe-sitrobheli "Elsanta" kuncane kakhulu, Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kuthathwe ngenkathi kunisela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcoba njalo inhlabathi ngenyanga yokuqala emva kokutshala. Isonto lokuqala lokunisela kufanele lenziwe nsuku zonke. Ngemuva - inombolo yabo kanye nevolumu kuncishiswe kube kanye ngesonto. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuhluma, inhlabathi iyanisela kuphela ngoba idla kalula. Esikhathini esishisayo, le nqubo yenziwa kanye ngezinsuku ezingu-4-5, besebenzisa ama-8-10 amalitha amanzi ngalunye imitha eyi-1. m. Ezinkathini ezomile ikakhulukazi, ezihambisana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu, ama-strawberries adinga ukuchelela ukuchelela, kanye nendawo yokuhlala yokushisa kwelanga.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphandle kokushisa okungaphezulu kokushisa nokushayela + 35-40 ºI-C ingaba yingozi kuma-strawberries.Imisebenzi yokunakekelwa kwe-sitrobheli ihlanganisa nokukhulula inhlabathi. Yenziwa kanye kanye nezinsuku ezingu-10-15. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukubhujiswa okwesikhashana okukhula kokhula.
Abanini bezandla ngeke batusa ukufaka umanyolo kulezi ezihlukahlukene. Okuhlukile kungenziwa kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila.
Kubalulekile! Isici sesici sebanga elithi "Elsanta" likwazi ukuqina kanzima. Uma ingasetshenziselwa ukukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokuqala, khona-ke i-berry iyakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukukhuthazela nokuzinza esikhathini esizayo.
Uma uthanda ukutshala ama-strawberries, "Elsante" izoba izithako ezimbili ezanele - entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukugqoka i-Spring kwenziwa lapho iqhwa liyancibilika futhi isimo sezulu esifudumele sishintsha. Umanyolo osetshenziswe ngalesi sikhathi kufanele ube nesamba esanele se-nitrogen.I-strawberries ye-autumn ihlwanyelwa ngo-Septhemba. Sebenzisa ama-organic, amaminerali, ahlanganisiwe, ama-fertilizer aluhlaza, aphekwe ngezandla zakho siqu, noma umanyolo obunzima we-strawberries, athengwe esitolo esikhethekile.
Uma usebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali, umuntu kufanele aqaphele ngokucophelela futhi asebenzise amanzi kuphela ukuze avimbele izixazululo ezivela emaqabeni asitshalo. Futhi Ungasuki emithini, ukuze ungalimazi ama-strawberry.
Ukulungisa ama-strawberries "i-Elsanta" ebusika
Njengoba lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibizwa ngokuthi i-thermophilic futhi azibekezeli amaqhwa, ingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwezitshalo izobe ilungiselela ubusika. Imisebenzi yase-Autumn ibandakanya ukusika iziqabunga kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekwindla akufanele umise ukutshala izitshalo, ngoba ngoSeptemba kusekhona isimo sezulu esishisayo nesomile. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthatha izinyathelo zokulawula izinambuzane nezifo uma kwenzeka bese ususa izitho ezikhuthele nezonakele zesitshalo.
Ngidinga ukusika amaqabunga e-strawberry? Lo mbuzo awunayo impendulo eqondile. Abaphikisi bale nqubo bafakazela lokho umuntu uphazamisa izinqubo zokuthuthukiswa kwemvelo yensimu yeberry futhi, ngokufanele, uyalimaza. Baphikisa umbono wabo ngokuthi ama-strawberries anamaqabunga aphilile ahlala ebusika kalula, njengoba asiza ukusindisa amaqabunga kusuka emaqanda. Abasekeli bokususa amaqabunga ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubusika ukukhipha izihlahla kuhlanganisa ukwanda komkhiqizo ngonyaka ozayo.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi le nqubo ifanelekile, khona-ke kudingeka udinga ukusika izihlahla kahle, ukuze ungalimazi isitshalo. Ngemuva kokuhluma, amaqabunga e sitrobheli anqunywa ngezikhali noma amasheya. Kungcono ukukwenza ngo-Agasti. Sika kuphela ipuleti leqabunga. Kubalulekile ukushiya izitshalo eziqinile ukuze ungalimazi ngengozi iphuzu elikhulayo. Wonke ama-antenna nawo angaphansi kokususwa.
Abanye abanikazi bemibhede ye-sitrobheli ngesikhathi esifanayo kanye nezihlahla zokusika izihlahla ezikhululekayo nezintaba.
Okulandelayo, imibhede iniselwa kakhulu futhi ixubha inhlabathi. I-Peat, conifer izinaliti, amaqabunga owomile, kanye utshani lisetshenziselwa umquba. Ungalusi ukhula ekwindla, kungcono ukushiya le nqubo entwasahlobo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, asiseyingozi ama-strawberries, kodwa uma esuswa, ungalimaza izimpande zezitshalo ezingenaso isikhathi sokubuyisa ebusika.
"I-Elsantu" ihlanganisa. Ukuze uhlasele amagatsha afanelekayo ama-conifers, utshani, amaqabunga owomile, iziqongo. Ungasebenzisa futhi izinto ezikhethekile zokumboza (agrotex, spunbond, njll) ngobuningi be-60 g / sq. m. Basolwe ku-arc. Lapho ukhetha indawo yokukhosela yemvelo, ukhetho kufanele lunikezwe i-lapnik, okuphefumula kahle futhi ayivumeli ukuhlambalaza kwe-strawberry.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi indawo yokukhosela kufanele yenziwe kuphela emva kweqhwa lokuqala. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuthi isitshalo sibe nzima.
Uma usesha okusemandleni akho okuhlukahluka kwama-strawberries engadini, Sikukwazisa ukuba ukhethe sitrobheli "Elsanta", ukufika nokunakekelwa okungeke kukunikeze izinkinga. Kodwa inqwaba yokuvuna iyojabula kakhulu.
