I-Coleus - ukutshala nokunakekela ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe nezinhlobonhlobo

Tshala isithombe

Coleus - isitshalo esihlala siluhlaza herbaceous somndeni wamaLabretaceous. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ikhula esiqhingini saseJava, esitholakala emahlathini ashisayo omhlaba ase-Afrika nase-Asia. Isihlahla somhluzi esingu-30 kuya ku-55 cm ukuphakama kulula ukusikhulisa ekhaya. Isitshalo sikhula ngamandla.

I-Coleus yi-shrub yaphakade, kepha ngezikhathi ezithile idinga ukuvuselelwa. Kwesinye isikhathi ikhule ezivandeni njengesitshalo sonyaka. Ama-blooms ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo ngezimbali ezincane eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kufanele zisuswe ngesikhathi, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuthi isitshalo sizolahlekelwa umphumela waso wokuhlobisa. Ubuhle buqukethe amaqabunga amahle ahlukahlukene, futhi izimbali zonakalisa ukubukeka okuhle kwesihlahla futhi zenze buthaka ukukhula kwawo.

	Isiqu esincane se-coleus esitshalwe emhlabathini sithatha usayizi wesitshalo esidala ngesizini eyodwa.
	Ama-blooms ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo ngezimbali ezincane eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
	Isitshalo sikhula kalula.
	Isitshalo se-perennial.

Izici eziwusizo

Photo of coleus ebhodweni

Kusetshenziswa emithini yesintu ukusheshisa izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni. I-Coleus Forskolii ehlukahlukene iqukethe i-Forskolin. Umuthi uvula ipheshana lesisu, i-metabolism ejwayelekile; kugqugquzela ukufakwa kwamavithamini nezakhi zomzimba, ukushiswa kwamafutha.

Ngokusekelwe kulo, kukhiqizwa izithasiselo zokudla nemithi. Amafutha abalulekile athulisa izinzwa futhi asebenze ubuchopho. Amabhishi amahle anamahlamvu ahlukahlukene ahlukahlukene akhipha imizwelo eyakhayo.

Izici zokukhula ekhaya. Kafushane

UColeus ukhula kahle ekhaya. Ungakhula kalula ngumtshali wokuqalisa uma edala imibandela edingekayo imbali:

Ukushisa	Ebusika - hhayi ngaphansi kuka + 12 ° C, isikhathi sonke - +15 - 25 ° C.
Umswakama womoya	Okuphakathi isihlahla asikwazi ukufafazwa (amaconsi amanzi awela emacembe kubanciphisela ukuhlobisa), kuphela umoya ozungeze lesi sitshalo ufafazwa; isihlahla sigcinwa epanini esinamatshe abunjiwe.
Isibani	Okungenani amahora angama-4 ngosuku lokukhanya kwelanga okukhanyayo ukuze kugcinwe ukuhlotshiswa kwamahlamvu; umthunzi ovela ekukhanyeni kwasemini.
Ukunisela	Bheka inhlabathi: kufanele ihlale inomswakama; wanisela ebusika ngokulinganisela; qhubeka epallet ngodaka olunwebekile olumanzi.
Inhlabathi	1) Thatha ngokulingana imithamo ishidi umhlaba, Peat, Turf umhlaba, perlite (isihlabathi); 2) ingxenye yengxube ye-peat-sand, 2 servings of humus kanye ne-4 servings yeqabunga nomhlaba we-sod.
Umanyolo nomanyolo	Kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba, kuthambisa ngomanyolo owukezi-2 kuya kwezi-4 ngenyanga.
Ukufakelwa	Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, lapho izimpande zimboza umhlaba ebhodweni; imvamisa emva kweminyaka engama-2,5.
Ukuzalelwa kweColeus	Ukusika kwe-rooting emanzini noma esihlabathini esimanzi; ukuhlwanyela imbewu esihlabathini (ngaphandle kokujula).
Izici Ezikhulayo	Ukunakekela isitshalo akubangeli inkathazo enkulu, kepha kunezici ezithile zokukhula komkhuhlane. Ukuze isihlahla singalingani, singeluli, kwesinye isikhathi siguqulwa efasiteleni, sibambele ukukhanya kuvela ezinhlangothini ezihlukile. Entwasahlobo, amahlumela amafushane afinyelela ku-10 cm, anciphise amahlumela amasha ukuze isihlahla sihle kakhulu.

Ukunakekelwa kweColeus ekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Imvamisa, imbali ye-coleus ikhula kahle ekhaya. Kepha ukuze athokozise isikhathi eside ngamahlamvu akhe anezimpawu nokubukeka kwe-peppy, udinga ukwazi ezinye izinto ezingaphansi kokunakekela isitshalo.

Ukufakelwa

Ukutshala amaColeus kudlala indima enkulu ekubumbeni isitshalo esihle futhi esinempilo. Etshalwe ngenkathi efudumele. Phansi kwembiza kubeka ungqimba lobumba olwandisiwe lokudonsa amanzi. Thela inhlabathi evulekile uma usabela kancane noma ungathathi hlangothi. Bakha umgodi, bawunisele, bese kuthi lapho inhlabathi "iphuza" amanzi, bayifaka emgodini.

Spread izimpande, cindezela inhlabathi uqine kubo. Inhlabathi ithululelwa ukuze izimpande zimbozwe ngayo, indawo yokukhula ayimbozwa, futhi cishe i-1.5 cm isala emaphethelweni aphezulu esitsheni (kuzoba lula ngokwengeziwe ukunakekela imbali). Amanzi ne-mulch nge-coconut substrate noma i-sphagnum. Ngemuva kokutshala, lesi sitshalo sigcinwa endaweni enomthunzi izinsuku eziningana.

Izimbali

Izimbali coleus kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Amaqabunga amancane avela esiqongweni sesitshalo, okuthi ngezinsuku ezimbalwa aphenduke ama-panicles enombala we-lilac, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma umbala. Izimbali ezincane ze-nondescript zinikeza isitshalo ukubukeka okumbudlakudla futhi senze buthaka ukukhula kwalo.

Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile ama-panicles asuswa ngokushesha. Lapho i-coleus igaya umcibisholo ngemuva kokuqhakaza, iyasuswa masinyane ukuze imbali ingayeki ukukhula. Ukuphina iphoyinti le-apical kuvuselela ukuqhakaza nobukhazikhazi besihlahla.

Imodi yokushisa

Ukuze imbali ijabule isikhathi eside ngamahlamvu ayo ahlukahlukene futhi uzizwe kahle, gcina umthetho wokushisa. Ebusika, i-thermometer akufanele iwele ngaphansi kuka-12 + C, kwezinye izikhathi lesi sitshalo sigcinwa ku + 15 - 25 ° C.

I-coleus yasendlini ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ithanda umoya ohlanzekile, ngakho-ke izitshalo ezihlala eziqongweni zezimbali zibekwa kumakholoni, emithanjeni, engadini bese zibekwa ohlangothini olusentshonalanga noma olusempumalanga lwendawo, evaliwe kusuka emoyeni odlayo. Ngesikhathi esipholile, imbali ilethwa endlini. Uthanda izinga lokushisa elizimele ngaphandle kokugxuma okungazelelwe. Ukupholisa kubambezela ukukhula kwembali, konakalisa ubuhle bamaqabunga.

Ukufafaza

Ivela ezindaweni ezishisayo ezishisayo, i-coleus yasekhaya ibonga umswakama futhi ayibekezeleli umoya owomile egumbini. Ukufafaza kusiza ukubhekana nalokhu. Imbali ngokwayo ayikwazi ukufafazwa: amanzi awele emacembe ashiya amabala kuwo, anciphisa ukuhlobisa.

Fafaza kaningana ngosuku umoya ezungeze isitshalo. I-Coleus isethwe esikhwameni esinamatshe abunjiwe, iqinisekise ukuthi izimpande zesitshalo azihlangani namanzi.

Isibani

Uthanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha kufaka ukukhanya. Konke kufanele kube ngokulinganiswayo. Kusukela emisebeni yelanga eqondile eqondile, isihlahla siyayeka ukukhula, amaqabunga aso aqhume, asha. Ngakho-ke, i-coleus ezimweni zamakamelo ibekwa kahle ezindaweni lapho izokwamukela khona isilinganiso sokukhanya esifanele, ngenkathi ukuvezwa kwelanga kungabi nolaka kakhulu. Izindawo ezilungele imbali kungaba amafasitela abheke entshonalanga noma empumalanga.

Ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu, lesi sitshalo sinombala kusuka ekukhanyiseni okukhanyayo kwemini, kuthi ohlangothini olusenyakatho kufakwe izibani ze-fluorescent. I-Coleus ye-mosagated idinga ukukhanya okungaphezulu kokuluhlaza.

Ukunisela

Ukunisela kubalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuhlakuleleni kwembali. Ebusika, uColeus akavamile ukuniselwa - lapho indawo yomile engaphansi komhlaba. Isikhathi sonke inhlabathi ihlala inomswakama. Ukusetshenziswa kokunisela amanzi afudumele axazululiwe.

Amanzi ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokuwa emacembe. Kwesinye isikhathi amanzi angafakwa kancane ijusi kalamula noma i-acid (amaconsi ama-3-5 noma ama-0,2 g ilitha lamanzi), ukuze amaqabunga aqhakaze. Ngenhloso efanayo, kusetshenziswa i-hydrogen peroxide (i-20 ml yesidakamizwa iyachithwa 1 litre lamanzi). Kuyasiza ukugcina imbali ipallet ephethe amatshe amanzi ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama womoya nenhlabathi.

Imbiza

Imbiza ye-coleus ikhethwa ngokuya ngosayizi wezimbali. Okokuqala, isitshalo sitshalwe ebhodweni elincane elinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-5 - 9. Lapho isihlahla sikhula (futhi sikhula ngokushesha), ububanzi besitsha buyakhula.

Isidingo sokukhetha ibhodwe ukujula okwanele (mayelana ne-15 cm) ukuze izimpande zikhule zingahambisani.

Izimbobo zamanzi kufanele zenziwe ezansi.

Inhlabathi

Inhlabathi ye-coleus idinga ukukhululeka futhi ivundile, ibe nokuphendula okungathathi hlangothi noma okune-acidic kancane. Ingxube yomhlaba yenhlabathi yezimbali zasekhaya imfanele kahle. Ungenza i-substrate ngokwakho ngokuthatha ama-servings ama-4 weqabunga kanye ne-turf land, ama-servings ama-3 we-humus, i-1 service ye-peat nesihlabathi.

Uhlobo lwesibili lomhlabathi - kusuka ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo zomhlaba weshidi, isihlabathi (perlite), indawo yezilwane ezinotshani kanye nezwe. I-powder yamalahle, i-coconut substrate, ama-chip wezitini, i-moss oqoshiwe angafakwa kunoma iyiphi ingxube

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Ekukhuleni okusebenzayo kanye nokugcina ukuhlobisa amahlamvu, ukondla nokufaka umquba kumanyolo kuyadingeka. Ukugqoka izimpande kuphela kuyasebenza. Kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba imbali idliwe izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-4 ngenyanga buhlanjululwe kabili umanyolo wamaminerali wezitshalo zasekhaya.

Ngezikhathi ezithile "ungaphatha" lesi sitshalo nge-potassium, ayithandayo. Njengomthombo we-potassium, ungasebenzisa izithasiselo zamaphikili we-banana, engeza umlotha emanzini wokunisela. Konke ukugqoka kwenziwa kusihlwa ngemuva kokunisela. Ebusika, isitshalo asihlanganisiwe. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, amasonto ama-2 kufanele kudlule, kuphela lapho ukugqokisa okuphezulu kuqala.

Ukufakelwa

Ukufakelwa kweColeus kwenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka lapho izimpande zaso zizofaka isigaxa sobumba. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2, emi-5, kodwa lapho imbali indala, kuvame ukuthi kudalwe kabusha. Kumabheki amadala, kuphela ungqimba oluphambili lwesiqalo esishunqiwe (cishe ama-5 cm).

Lapho befaka isitshalo esikhundleni, bacosha imbiza entsha, enobuningi obukhulu, enezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Ngokuvamile kukhule njengesitshalo sonyaka, okusakazwa ngokusikwa, kulokhu, isidingo sokufakelwa siyanyamalala.

Izihlahla

IColeus ilungiswa kanye ngonyaka, entwasahlobo. Inqubo isiza ukunciphisa ijubane ukukhula kwembali futhi kwandise inani lamahlumela namaqabunga aseceleni. Isihlahla esiqhakaza ngenxa yokuthena kuzoba lula ukwakheka.

Amahlumela anqunywe, ashiye ephansi (kufika ku-10 cm) hemp. Susa amahlumela abuthakathaka nanobusika phakathi nobusika, amaqabunga onakele. Izicucu ezinamandla zokukhiqiza kabusha zinqunywa kusuka phezulu.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

I-Coleus dormancy iwa ebusika. Lungiselela lesi sitshalo kusenesikhathi, kancane kancane unciphise ukuchelela nokugqoka okuphezulu. Okwamanje, kungakuhle ukuwugcina epanini enamatshe amanzi agcobhoziwe. Iyinkcenkceshelwa kakhulu, ilinde ungqimba oluphezulu lwengqimba ukuze lome. Ukondla akwenziwa.

Isitshalo sigcinwa ku + 12 ° C; izinga lokushisa eliphansi liyonakalisa imbali.

Ukuzala

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-coleus ekhaya kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ukusika nokutshala imbewu.

Ukusakazwa kweColeus ngokusikwa

Ukusakazeka ngokusika kusithandwa kakhulu.

Entwasahlobo, ukusikwa okungenazimbali noma ukuqhakaza kusikwa kusuka phezulu kwe-coleus.
Amaphuzu asikiwe afafazwa ngamalahle efulawa.
Ukusika okufika ku-10 cm ubude kufakwa engxube emanzi ye-peat-sand, ukujula ngo-2,5 cm.
Mboza ngebhodlela leplastiki elilinywe, wenze izimbobo kuso.
Imile ku + 20 ° C. I-cap isuswa ukuze ingene umoya namanzi.
Imvamisa, izimpande zivela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14. Ngemuva kwalokho isiqu sidluliselwa ebhodweni elihlukile.

I-Coleus Ekhulayo Imbewu

Ukuzala kabusha ngembewu kudumile, kepha kungenzeka uma uthenga imbewu (ayinaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa ekhaya). Sebenzisa isitsha esingajulile. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ingxube emanzi yesihlabathi se-peat, ishiya ibanga eli-3-5 mm phakathi kwabo. Fafaza kancane ngenhlabathi bese ufafaza ebhodleleni lokufafaza. Mboza ngefilimu, ebese isuswa ukuze inisele futhi inikeze umoya. Ezinsukwini eziyi-12, kuzovela amahlumela anobungane. Izithombo zingena ezimbizeni ngazinye lapho kuvela amahlamvu ama-3 kuzo. Lapho izithombo zikhula zibe ngu-15 cm, zidluliselwa ku-imbiza ehlukile.

Lapho i-Coleus isatshalaliswa yimbewu, amahlumela amaningi amancanyana ayafa, izinto ezihlukahlukayo zesitshalo ziyalahleka, ngakho-ke le ndlela ayithandwa.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo okwanele kungakuvikela ezinkingeni eziningi. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi ngenxa yezizathu ezingaphezulu kokulawulwa kokunakekelwa, izizathu zangaphandle zingathela izifo kanye nezinambuzane. Lokhu kungabonakala ngokushesha ngokubona izimpawu:

amaqabunga aphansi ayawa - ukuntuleka komswakama nokukhanya, ebusika - inqubo yemvelo (amanzi, ahlele kabusha endaweni efudumele);
amaqabunga abuna futhi awe - kwehlise izinga lokushisa libe ngu-+ 12 ° C (phinda uhlele endaweni efudumele);
amaqabunga alahlekelwa yi-turgor - ukuntuleka komswakama (faka imbali esikhwameni ebhakedeni lamanzi; lungisa ukuthambisa);
amaqabunga fade - ukukhanya okuncane (hlela kabusha endaweni ebonakalayo);
amaqabunga coleus phenduka ophuzi uwe - Ukudonsa amanzi ampofu, ukuthambisa amanzi kwenhlabathi (shintsha inhlabathi bese uyifaka kwelinye ibhodwe, ulungise ukuthambisa, ukwandisa ukudonswa kwamanzi);
amathiphu amaqabunga owomile - umswakama ophansi, ukuthambisa okunganele (fafaza umoya uzungeze imbali, uwufake kutreyi ngobumba obunwebekile obumanzi; umthombo wamanzi);
amaqabunga awile ngokuphelele - i-hypothermia noma okusalungiswa (hlela kabusha endaweni efudumele, evikelekile endaweni yomoya);
kukhona amabala akhanyayo emaqabungeni - ukukhanya ngokweqile (umthunzi);
ukukhula kancane - ukuntuleka kwezakhi (okuphakelayo);
ukhipha izindiza zibe mnyama futhi zibole - ukukhipha amanzi ampofu, umswakama okweqile (ukufakelwa, ukuqinisa amanzi, lungisa ukuthambisa);
imiphetho yamaqabunga iba nsundu - umswakama omncane nomoya owomile (uthele, uthele imbiza emgqonyeni wobumba olumanzi olwandisiwe, fafaza umoya uzungeze imbali);
amabala aphuzi kumaqabunga - ukushiswa yilanga (susa amaqabunga alimile, imbali ye-pritenit);
amahlumela amade - isitshalo isikhathi sokuvuselela nokucindezela; ukukhanya okuncane (unciphise amahlumela, ingcosana; hlela kabusha endaweni elula).

Kuthinteke yizinambuzane: izibungu zesicabucabu, izimhlophe, izidlele.

Izinhlobo ze-coleus zasendlini ezinezithombe namagama

Kunezinhlobo ezifika ku-150 ezivamile endaweni yemvelo. Njengesitshalo sasekhaya, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo nezinhlobo zohlobo lwe-polyhybrid, ngokusekelwe UColeus Blume (Coleus blumei x hibridus).

Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezinjalo, kepha kunezici ezibahlanganisa: iziqu ze-tetrahedral eziqinayo namaqabunga e-ovalvety oval atholakalayo. Okuthandwa kakhulu yizinhlobo eziphansi (19 - 29 cm) kanye naphakathi (31 - 51 cm).

Izinhlobo ze-Coleus eziphansi

Uchungechunge lokunakekelwa

Ukuphakama kwezihlahla ezivuthayo kusuka ku-25 kuya ku-30 cm. Umbala wamaqabunga ungahluka: kusuka ku-burgundy yasendulo ngemithunzi ehlukene, kuya kokuluhlaza okotshani ngokuhlaza okotshani okufakiwe kwe-lilac.

Fairway F1 Uchungechunge

Isici sezitshalo zalolu hlobo ukuthi zakha isihlahla esicwebezelwe kahle esifinyelela ku-20 cm. Izitshalo ezigqamile ze-motley ezinamaqabunga amakhulu ama-velvety. Umbala uyakhanya. Igcina ukuhlobisa isikhathi eside. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kungekudala.

Uchungechunge lwewizard

Izitshalo zalolu hlobo zibukeka njengamabhishi acwebile afinyelela ku-25 cm ukuphakama, anamaqabunga ama-velvety burgundy anemiphetho eyenziwe nge-serated. Iphethini noma umngcele omncane woqwembe lweshidi unemibala e-pastel. Imvamisa amaqabunga anombala wegolide, owolintshi noma owenziwe nge-mosaic kanye nomphetho omncane we-pastel edging.

Amabanga aphakathi

Udrako omnyama

Izitshalo zalolu hlobo zifinyelela cm angama-30- 35. Ziyahlukahluka kuzo zonke izinhlobo ngombala omnyama kakhulu wamaqabunga. Amaqabunga ama-brown aqhamuke ne-violet hue enemithambo ebomvu, imiphetho eboshwe ngokuqinile emzimbeni. Kwesinye isikhathi ngombala wepinki ophuzi. Zingakhula emthunzini naselangeni.

Uchungechunge lwaseKong

Izinhlahla ezinamagatsha anamandla amakhulu eziphakeme kakhulu ezingama-30 - 35 cm.Ukukhula okusheshayo kwamaqabunga amakhulu ahlukahlukene. Ungalahlekelwa ukugqama emthunzini. Umbala weqabunga: luhlaza ngemithambo enokhilimu, luhlaza okotshani obunama-veins abomvu namakhilimu, ama-maroon onqenqemeni oluhlaza, opinki omnyama onqenqemeni oluhlaza. Zishona ngokushesha elangeni. Kutshalwe eceleni kwemiphetho yezingoma.

I-Coleus isitshalo esingajwayelekile esihlanganisa ubuhle bamaqabunga aqhakazayo amnandi nokungathobeki okuyingqayizivele. Le mbali ilungele ukukhula engadini kanye nasekhaya, emapaki ezindawo ezigcotshwayo nasezigcawini. Nomaphi lapho uyoba umhlobiso ofanele wesikhala. Ngakho-ke, i-coleus iya ngokuya ithandwa njalo ngonyaka.