IStephanotis (Stephanotis) - imbali eshisayo, yaqala ukutholakala "epharadesi" laseMadagascar. Kuyatholakala naseMbusweni oPhakathi, Umhlaba we-Rising Sun naseMalawi Islands.
Ngenxa yokwakheka nephunga le-buds, uthole igama lesidlaliso "Madagascar jasmine."
Incazelo
I-Stefantis yesikhathi eside ekhipha umoya ihlala umndeni wakwa-Lastonev, ukhula ufike kuma-6 m.
Izici zezici zembali:
- Isiqu siyashintsha futhi siyakhula esitshalweni esincane; siyathamba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Amacembe makhulu aze afike ku-12 cm, abe nesimo sokusaqanda ngethiphu ebukhali nethambo eliqhakazile phakathi nendawo. Amacembe a-Smooth, lesikhumba, anemibala e-emerald noma i-mosagated abukeka kahle, anokusikwa okude.
- Izimbali - zinama-petals amahlanu, abukeka njengenkanyezi, aqoqwe ngamabhulashi. Omhlophe, onsomi noma ophuzi, bakhipha iphunga elimnandi.
- Izithelo aziveli kaningi, ngisho nasemvelweni, njengebhokisi elinezingxenye ezimbili elinembewu, elivuleka ngemuva kokuvuthwa bese imbewu iphuma kulo njengamapharaveni amancane.
Ukubukwa etafuleni
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zokutshala ngaphakathi:
| Igama | Izici |
| UFloribunda (eziqhakaza kakhulu). | Izimbali ezimhlophe, kufika ku-6 cm ubukhulu, zifana nezinkanyezi esesimweni. |
| I-Variegate noma i-mosagate. | Ihluka ngombala wamaqabunga - inemivimbo kanye namabala amhlophe, aphuzi noma aluhlaza. Amaqabunga ayindilinga omncane. |
| Akuminata. | Inezimbali ezinombala okhilimu. |
| I-Grandiflora. | Inkulu kunezinye izinhlobo ze-inflorescence yezimbali ezingama-30. |
| Thorsia. | Ine-elikhudlwana kunezinye izinhlobo ze-inflorescence yezimbali ezingama-30, umbala opinki. |
Imithetho yokunakekelwa eyisisekelo - amatafula
Efulethini, ukunakekela lesi sitshalo esishisayo akulula, kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi nokunakwa. Ukuze imbali ibe ntofontofo ngaso sonke isikhathi sonyaka nokukhula kwayo okujwayelekile, izimo ezifana nezindawo ezishisayo zakhona ziyadingeka.
| Amapharamitha | Izidingo |
| Indawo nokukhanyisa | Noma yisiphi isiqondisi. I-Shading iyadingeka eningizimu. Enyakatho - ukukhanyisa okwenziwe ngenkani. |
| Ukushisa | Ehlobo - kusuka ku-+18 kuya ku-+24 С, ebusika - kusuka ku-+14 kuya ku- + 16С. |
| Ukunisela | Ebusika - isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku eziyi-7, ehlobo - isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku ezi-3. Khipha ukungagxili kwamanzi nokugcwala kwamanzi kwenhlabathi. |
| Umswakama | Kukhethwa umoya omanzi, noma kusetshenziswe umswakama. |
| Inhlabathi | Ngokukhethekile ubumba-Turf nomhlaba onqabile, isihlabathi, humus. Izinga elikhulu le-acidity lisuka ku-5.5 liye ku-6.5 ph. |
| Ukufakelwa | Kwanele isikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni emi-2. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Umanyolo ngokuqukethwe kwe-potassium. |
| Ukuzala | Mhlawumbe ukusika noma imbewu. |
Ukukhanyisa, izinga lokushisa, ukuthambisa kanye nomswakama - ngesizini
Ukwenza imbali ibe ntofontofo, kufanele udale imibandela elandelayo:
| Isikhathi | Isibani | Umswakama | Ukushisa |
| Intwasahlobo / ihlobo | Nikeza ukukhanya okukhona. Beka iwindi eliseningizimu-ntshonalanga noma eningizimu-mpumalanga. | Isitshalo sidinga umswakama. Inqubo yokufafaza kufanele yenziwe nsuku zonke, ngaphandle kokufaka kwamaconsi amanzi kuyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho sebenzisa i-humidifier noma beka i-filler enomswakama epallet. | Izinga lokushisa elifanele lisuka ku- + 18 ° C liye ku- + 24 ° C, ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezisheshayo. Nsuku zonke udinga ukungena ngaphakathi egumbini lapho kukhula khona imbali. |
| Ukuwa / ubusika | Kungenzeka kube ohlangothini oluseningizimu ngaphandle kokufafazwa kwewindi. Faka isikhanyiso esingeziwe ukukhanyisa ukukhanya amahora angu-12 noma ngaphezulu. | Ngesikhathi sokushisa, ukufafaza ngamanzi afudumele kuyadingeka. Lapho kushisa igumbi, kuvame kakhulu. Kungcono ukusula amaqabunga ngendwangu emanzi. Musa ukusebenzisa ipolishi. | Izinga lokushisa elifanele egumbini lisuka ku + 14C liya ku- + 16C, kodwa lingaphansi kuka + 13C. Okuqukethwe okupholile kulungile ukubeka ama-buds wezimbali. |
Imbiza, inhlabathi, ukufakelwa, ukusekelwa
Ukutshala nokuthumela isitshalo, kufanele uhambisane nezincomo ezilandelayo:
Imbiza
Kumavini amadala, umthamo kufanele ukhethwe ikakhulukazi.
Kukhethwa amabhodwe e-Ceramic anomgodi wokudonsa amanzi okwazi ukubamba imbali enkulu yezindawo ezishisayo, okungcono izimbali ezinohlobo lwentaba.
Ubukhulu kufanele bube bukhulu kancane kunevolumu yohlelo lwezimpande.
Inhlabathi
Ethangini lapho kukhula khona uStefanotis, kudingeka imisele engaphezulu kwamasentimitha amathathu.
Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi:
- i-peat noma i-humus (3/7);
- isihlabathi (2/7); umhlaba onqumayo (1/7);
- umhlaba wobumba-turf (1/7).
Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, le ngxube kumele ibulawe amagciwane.
Ukufakelwa
Kuyadingeka ukufakelwa umvini omusha okhula ngokushesha kabili ngonyaka. Imbali yabantu abadala - ayidluli kabili njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Izimpawu zokufakelwa izimpande zikhonjisiwe kusuka emgodini wokudonsa, uma i-substrate iqala ukoma ngokushesha kunangaphambili. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa kangcono kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuze kube kuqala isikhathi sokukhula.
Imbali idluliswa trans transmentment ukuze kulondolozwe ubuqotho bezimpande obudonsa umswakama.
Izigaba eziphambili zenqubo:
- Beka amanzi ngaphansi kwethangi, uwagcwalise ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi.
- Dlulisela ngokucophelela i-liana esitsheni esisha. Uma izimpande zonakalisiwe, engeza isikhuthazo sokukhula kwezimpande emanzini okunisela.
- Faka inhlabathi ebhodweni ngesitshalo bese unisela ngaso. Kuyadingeka ukulinda kuze kube yilapho uketshezi olwengeziwe lungena epanini, ngemuva kokudonsa.
Okubalulekile: Ungafakeli i-liana ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwayo.
Prop
Ama-stephanotis, ama-curly futhi akhula ngokushesha, kumele asekelwe. Emvelweni wemvelo, leli liana liyabuna lizungeze into noma isitshalo esiseduze.
Ukugcina isiqu, isakhiwo esisetshenziswa kakhulu sisesimweni se-arch, esingenziwa ngocingo oluqinile. Intambo kufanele igoqwe njenge-arc bese ifakwa ebhodweni. Ungakha eminye imiklamo noma uthenge ipulasitiki eyenziwe ngomumo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
I-Stefanotis kufanele idliwe kanye njalo emavikini amabili, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokubekwa kwamafibu (kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuze kube ngoMeyi). Kunconywa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi onephesenti elikhulu le-potassium.
Umanyolo one-nitrogen unomphumela omubi wokuqhakaza izimbali.
Imbali nezithelo
Isikhathi sezimbali ze-stephanotis yangaphakathi ehlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Izimbali ku-inflorescence zezicucu ezi-10. IMadagascar jasmine iyisitshalo esinamanyala. Ukupholisa okwenziwe ngengubo kufanele kwenziwe ngebhulashi lobuciko lobuciko, kudluliswa impova kusuka ezilinganisweni zezimbali ezithile kuya emaphayipini abanye.
Okubalulekile: Awudingi ukufaka umvini ogelezayo egumbini lokulala noma egumbini lezingane, ngoba ukuphefumula isikhathi eside ngephunga lawo kungadala ukuqaqamba komzimba nokungajabuli.
Izithelo zeStefanotis zivuthwa izinyanga eziyi-9. Amajikijolo angafinyelela ku-10 cm, aluhlaza okokuqala, bese ephenduka ophuzi futhi ancibilike. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwembewu, izithelo ziyaqhuma nembewu ziphuma kuyo. Isithelo ngasinye sinesilinganiso sembewu eyi-100. Imbewu ngayinye ineparashuy enempilo, ngosizo lwayo ingandiza emoyeni ibanga elide. Ukuze ulondoloze imbewu ngaphambi kokuvuthwa, kufanele kufakwe isikhwama esikhwameni.
Ukuzala
IStefanotis ingasakazwa ngezindlela eziningi:
- ngembewu;
- ukusika.
Imbewu
- Cwilisa imbewu izinsuku ezimbili.
- Lungisa isitsha nenhlabathi yokutshala. Ingxube engcolile ye-peat nesihlabathi (50/50) ilungele inhlabathi.
- Gcwalisa isitsha ngomhlabathi bese uthambisa ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.
- Cindezela imbewu kwi-substrate elungiselelwe.
- Mboza isitsha ngesitsha sengilazi nendawo endaweni yokukhanya. Ukushisa kufanele kube ngokwesilinganiso + 26C.
- Ngemuva kokumiswa, gxilisa inhlabathi ngebhodlela lokufafaza ngaphandle kokuthambisa ngokweqile. Susa i-condensate enqwabelene engilazini ngefasitela.
Imbewu izokhula ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlamvu amancane, izinqubo zidinga ukuthululiselwa ezitsheni ezincane ezinengxubevange.
Kubalulekile: Ngokukhanya kosuku olufushane, amahlumela amancane adinga ukukhanyiselwa.
Izimbumbulu
Imbali kunzima kakhulu ukusiphula ngaphandle kwama phytohormones. I-Rooting yenziwa kahle kakhulu entwasahlobo nasehlobo ihlobo. Izigaba eziphambili zenqubo:
- Abasiki bengqephu - bancishisiwe, banamaqabunga ama-2. Isilayidi sidinga ukwenziwa ngo-2 cm ngaphansi kwefindo futhi siphathwe ngeKornevin.
- Namathela ukusika okulungiselelwe esitsheni ngesihlabathi, ukujula ngo-1.5 cm, amboze ngengilazi.
- I-Rooting yenziwa ngokushisa okuphansi kanye ne-hydration esifike ngesikhathi, kuthatha cishe amasonto ama-3.
- Ngemuva kokususa umsuka wokusika kanye nokuvela kwamaqabunga kanye namahlumela amasha, amahlumela kufanele atshalwe ezitsheni aze afike ku-9 cm ukuphakama. Beka endaweni ekhanyisiwe, lapho izinga lokushisa lilinganisa + 18C. Ukushisa okuvumelekile ebusuku - kuze kufike ku- + 14C.
- Izitshalo ezikhulayo ezinezimpande zidinga ukutshala izimbotshana ezinobukhulu obukhulu.
Amaphutha Okunakekela, Izifo Nezinambuzane - Ithebula
Ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungafanele, iStefanotis ilahlekelwa ukukhanga kwayo futhi iyeke ukuqhakaza.
| Iphutha | Ukubonakaliswa | Ungakuqeda kanjani, ukuvimbela |
| - Okusalungiswa, ukwehla okubukhali kokushisa. | Amahlamvu ayawa. | Beka imbali kude kokusalungiswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. |
| - Akukho ukukhanya okwanele. - Amanzi okunisela okunzima. - Ukushisa komoya okuphezulu. | Amacembe aphenduka aphuzi futhi awe. | - Beka imbali ekukhanyeni. - Amanzi ngamanzi asezinze okungenani amahora angama-24. - Uma kushisa, wandise umswakama. |
| - I-nitrogen eningi kakhulu. - Akukho ukukhanya okwanele. - Isitshalo siyaphumula. | Aluqhakaza. | - Musa ngokweqile nge-nitrogen. - Sebenzisa ama-phytolamp. - Ekuphumuleni, faka endaweni epholile. |
| Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo. | Ukwehla noma kumile ukukhula. | Umanyolo wembali, ikakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwezitshalo. |
| - Okusalungiswa. - Ukuntuleka kokunisela. - Ukushintsha kwendawo. | Amahlumela ayawa. | - Gwema okusalungiswa, ukomisa inhlabathi, ugcine umswakama olinganiselayo. - Musa ukusonteka noma ukudlulisa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali. |
Ukunakekelwa okungekho emthethweni kwenza buthaka imbali, okwenza kuthambekele ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni.
| Izinambuzane nezifo | Ukubonakaliswa | Ukwelashwa | Ukuvimbela |
| Impande kanye nesisekelo sokubola kwesiqu. | Izimpande, stem mnyama, ukubola. | Lesi sifo siyelapheka ekuqaleni kokudlulisa imbali endaweni eyi-substrate ebisuswe ngokuphelele ngokususwa kwezimpande ezibolile, ukwelashwa neFundazole. | - Ukuhambisana nemibuso yokunisela. - Inhlabathi yokubulala amagciwane. - Ukuvimbela okusalungiswa nezinguquko zamazinga okushisa. |
| I-Powdery hlobo | Esikhathini sokuqala - ukugcotshwa okumpunga okumhlophe emaqabunga. Kancane kancane, amaqabunga avela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ayaqina, aphazamisane ne-photosynthesis evamile. Ngenxa yalokho, ayoma. Ngemuva kwalokho imbali iyafa. | Sula amaqabunga athintekile. Phatha lesi sitshalo ngomuthi okhethekile, isibonelo, uFundazole. Ungafafazi amaqabunga ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ngokuvimbela noma ekuqaleni kwesifo, ungasiphatha ngesixazululo se-potanganum permanganate - 2,5 g nge-10 wamalitha amanzi. Kuhluma ama-3 kuphela njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. | - Bheka umbuso wokunisela. - Beka imbali endaweni enelanga. |
| Umiyane omiyane | Ingozi imelelwa izibungu zezinambuzane ezidla ezimpandeni zezimbali ezincane. | Ungalwa ngokufafaza iRaptor eduze kwembali. Ngokulwa nezibungu zomiyane, kusetshenziswa indle-kudla. Ukuze umuthi ube nesikhathi sokusebenza, akufanele unisele inhlabathi izinsuku ezinhlanu. | - Vimbela acidization yenhlabathi, landela imithetho kanye nohlelo lokunisela. - Bamba izinambuzane ngezicupho ezinamathelayo noma wesabise iphunga le-citrus. |
| Ama-aphid | Ukugoba ushukela emaqabungeni, khona-ke akonakalisiwe futhi afe. | Kusetshenziswa amalungiselelo akhethekile wokulwa nalezi zinambuzane: i-Aktara, i-Actellik, i-Decis. Phatha imbali ngomuthi, uphinda ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene ngokushintshana. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu, phinda inqubo amahlandla ama-3. Esibonakaliso sokuqala, kwanele ukugeza amaqabunga ngamanzi afudumele. Umphumela omuhle kakhulu utholakala ngokwelashwa ngesisombululo sensipho. | Gcina indawo efanelekile yomswakama emoyeni lapho kukhula khona imbali, ngoba ama-aphid akhona emoyeni opakwe emanzini. |
| Isihlangu | Idla ngejusi lembali. Ngenxa yalokho, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi futhi awe, imbali ngokwayo iyafa. | Phatha isitshalo ngamalungiselelo, isibonelo, i-Fitoverm, kaningana. Ukucutshungulwa kwenziwa kanye ngesonto kuze kube yilapho kulahlwa okokugcina kwenkathazo. Isitshalo esithintwe yisibazi, kufanele usheshe wasibeka ngokwahlukana nokuphumula. Sula amaqabunga ngesisombululo sensipho yokuwasha noma ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka seseti kaviniga. | Ngemuva kokuqeda lesi sinambuzane, hlola lesi sitshalo ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuba khona kwaso, ngoba kungavela futhi. |
Izimpawu
Cishe yonke indawo eyakhiwe ngayo inezimpawu ezithile, izinkolelo-ze nezinganekwane. Kuyemukelwa ukuthi, ukungena endlini, kusabalalisa amandla ayo nxazonke. Kunezinkolelo maqondana nembali uStefanotis. Ngokusho komunye wabo, lesi sitshalo sivikela indlu yowesifazane emadodeni (ngokwesibonelo, ukuvikela umakoti). Okunye, okuphambene nalokho, ukuthi ngokunakekelwa okuhle kuzoheha umlingani womshado empilweni yalowo ozihambelayo noma avumelanise ubudlelwano obukhona. Ukuqhakaza kwayo, okwenzeka kakhulu kakhulu, kuzoba yisikhathi esihle. Shono abizwa ngokuthi "imbali yomakoti."
Ukunakwa ikakhulukazi akufanele kunikezwe izinganekwane nezinsolo ezungeze imbali, konke okuphikisana kakhulu. Udinga nje ukukhumbula ukuthi lesi sitshalo esinephunga elimnandi nokubukeka okungajwayelekile sinjusi onoshevu. Lokhu akuwathinti amakhaya nganoma iyiphi indlela uma ubuthi bungangeni emzimbeni.
Kuyadingeka ukugcina uStefanotis engafinyeleleki ezinganeni nasezilwaneni futhi usebenze naye kumagilavu.
