I-Aronia chokeberry (umlotha wentaba) - isigaxa sokwelapha esine-antioxidants ezithelo. Isitshalo sinokukhiqiza okuphezulu, akudingi ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo.
Ukwakheka kwezithelo ze-aronia nezakhiwo eziwusizo
Izithelo ze-chokeberry ku-botany azibhekwa njengezithelo. Igama labo elifanele ama-apula amancane, angaba mnyama noma onsomi ngombala, aqukethe imbewu.
Uma sikhuluma ngokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali, khona-ke amagremu ayi-100 amajikijolo aqukethe i-1.5 g yamaprotheni, u-0,2 g wamafutha, u-10.9 g wama-carbohydrate kanye no-4.1 g wefayibha yokudla.
Ubumnandi besitshalo abuthinti amakhalori. I-100 g iqukethe ama-kcal angama-55 kuphela. Ukwakheka kwamajikijolo kuqukethe:
- i-sorbitol;
- potaziyamu
- phosphorus;
- i-magnesium
- calcium
- insimbi
- ama-organic acid (malic, citric, acetic);
- izinto zokuthunga;
- flavonoids;
- amavithamini A, B, C.
Izici ezizuzayo zesitshalo kungenxa yenani elikhulu lamavithamini nezakhi zomzimba. I-Chokeberry isetshenziswa njengesitshalo sokwelapha. Kuyasiza ukuqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi, kulawula amazinga kashukela ne-cholesterol, kuqinisa amasosha omzimba.
Umlotha wasentabeni ucebile ku-iodine, ngakho-ke uvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuntuleka kwe-iodine. Ungadla izithelo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngoba kunciphisa i-toxicosis. Ijusi le-berry elisha lisiza ngomfutho wegazi ophezulu.
Izidingo ze-Rowan zezimo ezikhulayo
Lesi sitshalo sinobusika obunzima, abunakudumela kuhlobo lomhlabathi kanye nezimo zezulu, ngakho-ke singatshalwa kulo lonke elaseRussia. I-Rowan ikhule kahle ezindaweni ezigqamile. Emthunzini, nawo uyashintsha, kepha isivuno sizokwehla. Amathafa asenhla ayisihlahla, ngoba izimpande ze-rowan azixekile.
Kungcono ukunikeza ukukhetha kuma-chernozems, Peat bogs, grey and sod-podzolic nenhlabathi. Ayilungele ukukhula kwe-chokeberry stony nezinhlobo zenhlabathi e-boggy. Kubalulekile ukuthi umhlaba ube nomswakama owanele wezimpande, ngoba ukuntuleka kwawo kubambezela ukukhula kwesitshalo.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-chokeberry nokukhetha izithombo
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-chokeberry ziningi. Abadume kakhulu kubo yilaba:
- hakkiya;
- i-ruby;
- I-Viking
- ngamehlo amnyama.
Izinhlobonhlobo ziyehluka ukunambitheka kanye nesikhathi sokubukeka kwezithelo. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukukhetha isithombo kwizithombo ezikhethekile noma uthathe njengesisekelo isihlahla esizeni esiseduze.
Kufanele ukhethe isitshalo sonyaka noma se-biennial. Izithombo ukuphakama kufike kumamitha ayi-1,3, amagxolo ngaphandle kokulimala, nezimpande okungenani ezingama-25 cm. I-Aronia ingathela izithelo iminyaka engama-30.
UMnu Dachnik uyachaza: kanjani nokuthi ungitshala kanjani i-chokeberry
Isihlahla sihlala sitshalwe ekwindla, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi kungcono ukuthatha izimpande. Ngokutshala, udinga ukulungiselela umgodi ngokujula kwama-50 cm nangobubanzi obufanayo. Ungqimba olungaphansi lomhlaba aludingi umanyolo, ngoba izimpande ngeke zilufinyelele. Okulandelayo kungezwe ngaphezulu komhlaba:
- ibhakede le-humus;
- I-100 g ye-superphosphate;
- 60 g we potassium sulfide.
Ungqimba olungaphansi lwenhlabathi luyathululela emgodini, khona-ke isigaxa sicwiliswa lapho. Ngaphezulu kwayo, udinga ukugcwalisa ngenhlanganisela yamanyolo nomhlaba. Izimpande akufanele zijule hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-15 mm. Ngemuva kwalokhu, yisithombo sithululelwa ngebhakede lamanzi, bese umhlabathi umbozwe ngokhuni noma nge-humus.
Ngemuva kokunakekelwa kokufika
Isitshalo asidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. IShrub akuhlaselwa kalula izinambuzane.
Shelter ebusika
Isithombo kudingeka silungiselelwe isikhathi sasebusika. Kuyadingeka ukugoba phansi bese uyicindezela ngamabhodi. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphambi kokushisa kwehle kuya kwezinkomba zokukhipha.
Uma ungazenzi lezi zinyathelo, isiqu singaphuka, ukuqina kwaso kuyawohloka. Lapho isihlahla siguqa phansi, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphakama kwe-arc akuyona phezulu kuno-25 cm.
Ngemuva kokumiswa kokushisa kwentwasahlobo okuzinzile (ama-degrees angu-15), isitshalo siqondile, ngoba ngesimo eside esigogekile, amahlumela ayavutha.
Ngabe ngidinga ukusika amahlumela
Izihlahla zakhiwa ezihlahleni ezincane masisha ngokwanele, ngakho-ke udinga ukubhubhisa minyaka yonke iziqu zezimpande ukugwema ukuqina. Kusele amagatsha ama-5 kuphela aqukethe izinhlamvu.
Kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuthuthwa kwendle, ukususa amagatsha amadala futhi abolile. Akunakwenzeka ukususa amahlumela waminyaka yonke, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi kuzoba nezithelo kuwo.
Kufanelekile nokuthi kuncishiswe iziqu ngesigamu, njalo eminyakeni emi-3, okwandisa isivuno sesitshalo. Ukuthena i-Autumn kwenziwa kuphela lapho i-rowan ilinyazwa izifo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukondla kwenziwa kabili ngonyaka. Lokhu kudinga i-ammonium nitrate nosawoti we-potassium. Kungenzeka ukufeza ukugqokisa okuphezulu kwefoliar ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuqediwe. Kuqukethe ukufafaza ngesisombululo se-urea.
Ukunisela nokukhulula inhlabathi
Umlotha wasentabeni udinga ukuthambisa okuningi ngenkathi yokukhula. Ngesikhathi sokushisa kwehlobo, isihlahla sidinga ukuthanjiswa masonto onke. I-chokeberry yabantu abadala idinga amalitha angama-30 amanzi.
Kabili ngesizini, kukhulula inhlabathi futhi kususe nokhula. Kuyafaneleka ukunaka ukukhululwa komhlaba ekwindla, ngoba inhlabathi edidiyelwe izoholela ekuqothulweni kwenhlabathi.
Izifo Nokuvimbela Izinambuzane
Isikhathi esifanelekile sokuvimbela ukuqhuma kwezimbali nokuphela kokuqoqwa kwazo zonke izithelo. Njengezinyathelo zokuvimbela ukukhula kwezifo, kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa nge-fungicides, okungukuthi ukufafaza isihlahla nge-Bordeaux liquid. Uma izinambuzane zilimaza isihlahla, udinga ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali, kepha, njengomthetho, i-chamomile iyamelana nezilokazane.
Ungazalela kanjani i-chokeberry
Ukuzala kabusha kwenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, ezithandwa kakhulu zithathwa njengezinamandla futhi ngosizo lwokusika.
Isitshalo esiphilile ngokweqile silungele isibambo. Ubude bawo buvame ukuba yi-10-15 cm. Amaqabunga angezansi asuswa ngokuphelele.
Esibayeni, amagxolo asungulwa isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezinso ngamunye, insimu yawo ehliselwa amahora angama-6 entweni evuselela ukukhula kwezimpande. Ngemuva kokuba igeziwe futhi itshalwe, ibheka ibanga elingamasentimitha angama-30 30. Enye into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuphazamisa inhlabathi. Izinga lokushisa ku-greenhouse lingaphezu kwama-+20 degrees. Uma ulandela zonke izincomo, izimpande zizovela ngenyanga.
Izifo ze-Aronia
Izifo ezivame kakhulu:
| Lesi sifo | Izimpawu | Ukwelashwa |
| Ukubola okuphelele kwezinkuni. | Kuvela amakhowe anensundu aphuzi kulesi sitshalo, okudala ukubola kwegxolo. | Futha nge-Bordeaux fluid. |
| I-Moniliosis. | Ukugoqa izithelo. | Sebenzisa i-Bordeaux uketshezi noma i-oxychloride yethusi, uchithe izithelo ezinegciwane. |
| Ukubuka okuqinile. | Izindawo ezinsundu ezinsundu ngamahlamvu. | Futha uketshezi lwe-Bordeaux, uchithe ngesikhathi amaqabunga awileyo. Phatha isihlahla esinegciwane nge-oxychloride yethu noma i-Abiga peak. |
| Hlanganisa | Ukwakheka kwesikhunta emagatsheni. | Nquma amagatsha athintekile. Futha u-Abiga Peak. |
Ngokuhambisana nale mithetho, amathuba okulimala kwezitshalo ngezifo ancishiswa kakhulu.
