IPassiflora isitshalo esidabuka eColombia, futhi sikhula eBrazil nasePeru. Lo mmeleli womndeni wakwaPassionflower unezindawo zokuphulukisa ezihlukile ezazisetshenziswa amaNdiya emuva ngekhulu le-16.
Passiflora
Umbali wothando ungaba isihlahla noma imbiza enamaqabunga e-oval egcwele noma egcwele. Izimbali zifinyelela kububanzi obungu-10 cm, ziyaqhakaza kuzinyawo ezinde ezinwebekile.
Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu ezifuywayo namathuna; ohlangothini oluphakathi kunezinqubo ezincane. Izithelo zePassiflora ziyizithelo ezithandekayo, ezinye zazo, ngokwesibonelo, iPassiflora Blue noma i-Edible Passionflower, ziyadliwa.
Izinhlobo zePassiflora
I-passiflora yasendle ifaka izinhlobo ezingama-400 ezinhlobo, kepha imbalwa kuphela yazo etshalwa njengezimbali zasendlini.
| Buka | Incazelo | Izimbali | Izithelo |
| Incarnata | I-Medium-urefu liana lokwelapha. | Omkhulu, onsomi, lilac noma omhlophe nge-pink tint. | Imnandi futhi imuncu, isayizi ephakathi. Kuphuzi okujulile. |
| Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Ukuya kuma-900 cm.I-liana elihlala liluhlaza, alizweli ebandayo futhi alikhohlisi ekuhambeni. Kuthunyelwe eLatin America. | 10 cm ubukhulu, omhlophe, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi. | 3-6 cm ubude, 4-5 cm ububanzi. I-Ellipsoid, ephuzi. Iqukethe okusanhlamvu okubomvu okuningi. |
| Iyadla | 800-1000 cm, i-liana eluhlaza emnyama. Ihamba nge-10-20 cm ubude ngemiphetho eyenziwe ngamaserna. | 2-3 cm. Okumhlophe okubomvu okuphakathi nendawo eluhlaza okotshani. | Iyadliwa, i-orange-green, i-spherical. Ijusi isetshenziswa ku-cosmetology. |
| Iyashintsha | Izimbali eziqhakazayo ezinezithelo ezingavuthiwe ezingavuthiwe, ezisetshenziswa ngokuqinile kwezemithi. Isiqu sinewy, fleecy. | I-4-6 cm ububanzi, grey, mhlophe noma i-beige. | Kukaliwe, owolintshi. Encane ifinyelela ku-2-3 cm ubukhulu. Ukuvuthwa kudliwe ngentshiseko. |
| Inyama ibomvu | 900 cm, umvini wamagatsha otshani. Inesistimu yezimpande ende. Kushiya kufika ku-20 cm ubukhulu, kuvuthayo. | 8-9 cm, umqhele umbozwe umphetho wombala onsomi. Ama-petals ahlungwe amhlophe. | Amajikijolo aluhlaza-ophuzi owela ngemuva kokuvuthwa. Kusetshenziswe kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kokudla. |
| Laurel | I-liana elukhuni kuze kufike ku-1000 cm. Amaqabunga ama-oval akhombewe ambozwe nge-wax, afinyelela ku-17-20 cm ubude, ama-5-8 cm ububanzi. | Sherical, white-violet, usayizi ophakathi. | I-Ellipsoid, i-7-8 cm ubude, 3-6 cm ububanzi. I-pearl ephuzi e-orange kanye ne-pulp emhlophe ebonakalayo enezinhlamvu. |
| Ithenda | Ummeleli weShrub noma i-lianar aze afike ku-500-700 cm amade. Kusatshalaliswa e-Andes naseNew Zealand ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingaphezu kwama-3,000 m. | 6 cm cm.Imhlophe-pink ne-tint ebomvu. Azinamakha. | Ifinyelela ku-12 cm ubude, 5 cm ububanzi. Kuqukethe ipulpiti eyi-burgundy enoshukela omnyama. Iyadla. |
| Umhlanga | I-liana, enamapulangwe phansi, ingamasentimitha angama-400-500. Iziqu zibushelelezi, amaqabunga anomumo wenhliziyo u-10-15 cm. | I-7 cm cm, i-lilac-white, pinkish noma ebomvu nge-tint grey. | 6-7 cm ubukhulu, okusaqanda, obomvu ophuzi. Ikhasi libushelelezi, inyama ibonakala ngembewu emnyama. |
Ukunakekelwa kwePassiflora Ekhaya
Ukuze imbali yothando lwaphakade ikhule ngenkuthalo futhi ijabule ngezimbali zayo ezihlukile, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa okufanele.
| I-Factor | Intwasahlobo / ihlobo | Ukuwa / ubusika |
| Indawo / Isibani | Ukubeka engxenyeni eseningizimu noma esentshonalanga yegumbi, ukugwema ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Kungakhishwa kumoya omusha ngesimo sezulu esifudumele. | Vimbela okusalungiswa nomoya owomile ngokweqile. Kuyadingeka futhi ukwelula amahora asemini ngosizo lwe-phytolamp noma i-luminescence. |
| Ukushisa | Gcina ngaphakathi + 22 ... +25 ° C. Okuphezulu yi-+30 ° C, kepha kuleli nani kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa umswakama ofanele. | Kuyadingeka ukuyihambisa emoyeni opholile nezinkomba ze- + 10 ... +14 ° C, esitshalweni esiphansi siyafa. |
| Umswakama | Cishe ama-70%. Fafaza i-passionflower ngokucophelela njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3, ugweme ukuxhumana nezimbali. | Ngokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa, yehlisa umswakama ngokufanelekile ukuze ubeke eceleni kungenzeka kwesifo noma ukubola. |
| Ukunisela | Imvamisa kepha ingejwayelekile. Qiniseka ukuthi inhlabathi ayomile kuze kube sekupheleni, futhi udaka olwandisiwe lwalunomswakama owenele. | Yehlisa isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku eziyi-10. Ikakhulu isitshalo asiphazamisi. |
| Umanyolo | Sebenzisa ukugqoka okuphezulu kweweloli ephezulu njalo ezinyangeni ezi-1-2. Umanyolo wamaminerali nezinto eziphilayo ezisuselwa ku-moss, izinaliti, i-peat kanye ne-sawdust nazo ziyafaneleka. | Gcina ukugcotshwa kwenhlabathi, kepha ngaphandle kwesidingo esingadingekile hhayi sokufaka umanyolo. |
Ukukhulisa i-Passiflora ku-Open Field
IPassiflora nayo ingatshalwa esizeni, uma kuhlangabezana nemibandela efanele.
| I-Factor | Intwasahlobo / ihlobo | Ukuwa / ubusika |
| Indawo / Isibani | Khula endaweni efinyeleleka ukukhanya kwelanga, akufanele kube khona ama-canopies ngaphezulu. Kubekwe phambili ohlangothini oluseningizimu yengadi. | Ngokunciphisa izinga lokushisa ku-+15 nangaphansi, ulethe isitsha nesitshalo egumbini elipholile (+ 10 ... +16 ° C), ngaphandle kwalokho isithwathwa sizobhubhisa amahlumela womvini. I-Blue Passiflora ingashiywa ubusika emhlabathini ovulekile, inengcambu eyanele futhi eqinile yokubekezelela ukubanda. |
| Ukushisa | U-Ephreli-Okthoba ulungele ngokuphelele ukutshala kwangaphandle, uma kwenzeka isimo sezulu esibi nesithwathwa kungazelelwe, udinga ukuhambisa imbali egumbini elifudumele. | + 10 ... +16 ° ะก, uma iphakanyisiwe, isitshalo sizophulukana nawo wonke amaqabunga futhi ngeke siqhume. |
| Umswakama | Khonza nsuku zonke, ususe amaconsi uma ihlangene nezimbali. Ngezinsuku ezomile, qinisa kancane kaningi. | Kufanele incishiswe ukuze i-passionflower ingafi. Umoya akufanele womile. |
| Ukunisela | Inhlabathi kufanele ibe nomswakama, ikakhulukazi uyiqaphe ngokucophelela ngezinsuku ezishisayo. Kaningi kusukela ngesikhathi kuvela amahlumela amasha (ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo) kuze kube sekwindla. | Akudluli isikhathi esinge-1 ngeviki, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizobola size sife. |
| Umanyolo | Amaminerali ajwayelekile noma i-organic, ukuhlinzeka ngomanyolo wenhlabathi ngamathebhulethi we-peat, umlotha noma isihlabathi. Sebenzisa izidakamizwa hhayi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezi-5 ngesikhathi sokukhula. | Ungasebenzisi. |
Ukufakelwa kwePassiflora
I-passiflora yabantu abadala isitshalwa kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-3-4, lapho imbiza iba yincane kakhulu.
- Okokuqala udinga ukulungiselela i-substrate sheet noma i-turf land, i-peat, isihlabathi, umlotha.
- Umthamo kufanele ube mkhulu ngo-2-3 cm kunowedlule, ukuze izimpande zesitshalo zizizwe zikhululekile.
- Yenza izimbobo zokufaka amanzi ngaphansi kwembiza bese ubeka i-polystyrene, ubumba olunwetshiwe noma isigaxa seqanda.
- Hlukanisa ibhola lomhlaba esitsheni esidala ngommese onamagciwane bese ubeka ngokucophelela okusha.
- Faka inamba edingekayo yenhlabathi namanzi ngokucophelela.
Izindlela zokuzala zama-Passfilora
I-Passionflower isatshalaliswa ngezindlela ezimbili: ngezimbewu nangamahlumela.
Ukusika kwenziwa kangcono entwasahlobo.
- Lungisa iziqukathi ezinamanzi ne-substrate ngokususelwa ku-peat, izinaliti nesihlabathi.
- Hlukanisa amahlumela ngamaqabunga aphilile angama-2-3 nesikere sanitised.
- Phatha amasayithi asikiwe ngemvuthuluka yamalahle noma isinamoni.
- Faka ukusika ezitsheni ezilungiselelwe ngazinye.
- Dala izimo zokugcina ukushisa: ukumboza ngesikhwama noma ngefilimu, komoya opholile, indawo ohlangothini lwelanga, gcina izinga lokushisa elihle nomswakama.
- Lapho amahlumela akha uhlelo oluqinile lwezimpande, adinga ukudluliselwa kumabhodwe ajwayelekile.
Ngokuhlwanyela, ukusakazeka kunzima kakhulu. Le ndlela kuhle ukuyenza ehlobo.
- Okokuqala kudingeka ulimaze igobolondo langaphandle lembewu ngokuyihlikihla ku-sandpaper enhle.
- Faka amanzi usuku.
- Lungisa inhlabathi enomsoco nge-peat bese usakaza imbewu ebusweni besitsha esijwayelekile.
- Cindezela, kepha ungazingcwabi engxenyeni engaphansi kuka-0.5 cm.
- Dala izimo zokugcina ukushisa: ukumboza ngesikhwama noma ngefilimu, umoya omncane, indawo ohlangothini elangeni, gcina okushisa okuntofontofo (+22 ° C) nomswakama.
- Ngemuva kwenkathi ende (kuze kufike unyaka 1), amahlumela okuqala avele, khona-ke ukuhlanganiswa kufanele kususwe futhi imbali yothando kufanele idluliselwe esitsheni esisodwa.
Izinambuzane, izifo kanye nezinkinga ezikhona kungenzeka kube ngama-Passfilors
| Izimpawu Ukubonakaliswa kweLeaf | Izizathu | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| Izimpande neziqu zimbozwe ngengubo emnyama emnyama. Yomile, fade. | Ukubola kwegciwane. | Sika ngokushesha izindawo zokutheleleka, usule ngezixazululo ezinosawoti obukhulu, bese ukhipha umhlabathi emgomeni. |
| Kuyaphela ukuphela. | Umoya omile, ukuchelela okungajwayelekile. | Khulisa umswakama nomoya. |
| Amahlumela amancane obuthakathaka. Ukugula. | Ukuncipha kokudla okunempilo, ukukhanyisa okungekuhle. | Faka imbali engxenyeni engagcwele, sebenzisa ama-phytolamp. |
| Isiqu sinamachashaza ansundu. | Ukutheleleka ngegciwane | Susa isitshalo esizeni, ngaphandle kwalokho ukutheleleka kuzothinta ezinye izimbali. Ayikwazi ukwelashwa. |
| Amahlumela nokuhluma kuyafa, kuvela amabala wesici. | Isihlangu. | Ezikhiqiza kakhulu i-Bi 58 noma isisombululo sensipho. |
| Izinambuzane ezincane eziningi, amaqabunga ancibilikile, isiqu esiphela amandla. | Ama-aphid. | Isixazululo se-lemon zest, i-Actofit. |
| Thin web kuso sonke isitshalo. | Isikhala sesicabucabu. | Thuthukisa ukuchelela njalo, Neoron, Fitoverm. |
| Imithambo emhlophe, isiqu sisindekile, siyafa. | Ama-Thrips. | I-Fitoverm, i-Aktara, iMospilan, i-Actellik noma iCalypso. |
