I-Ipomoea uhlobo olukhulu kunazo zonke emndenini uConvolvulus. Kuvamile emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo nasendaweni engaphansi kwendawo yonke. Imivini eguquguqukayo, izihlahlana nezihlahla ezincane, embozwe ngamahlamvu enhliziyo anezimbali ezinkulu, zihlobisa kakhulu, ngakho-ke zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ingadi, ithala kanye ne-balcony. Ngokwesiko, amafomu ama-curly asetshenziswa kaningi. Ithenda yokusa yasebusuku nekhohlisayo idingeka kakhulu kubalimi. Imivini ekhula ngokushesha idala isithunzi esilindwe isikhathi eside ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kanti nezimbali ezinamakha zinegalelo ekuphumuleni nasekujabuleni kwenjabulo.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Ipomoea ingumvini waminyaka yonke futhi ongapheli wokukhuphuka umvini, utshani, izihlahlana nezihlahla ezimfushane nge-caudex eqhakazile. Igama lohlobo luhumusha ngokuthi "-kufana nesibungu." Lokhu kubhekisa ekwakhiweni kwembaza. Amahlumela abushelelezi abushelelezi asakazeka kuzo zonke izinkomba kude nendawo yokukhula. Imvamisa izimbotshana ezicebile kwezakhi zomzimba zakhiwa kwi-rhizome. Zingadliwa.
Amahlumela ambozwe ngamahlamvu amade anemibala eluhlaza okotshani. Amahlamvu enomzimba owenziwe ngenhliziyo noma oyindilinga onama-radial veins ebusweni. Imiphetho yamaqabunga iqinile, futhi isiphetho sivame ukuphakama futhi sikhombe.
Izimbali zokuqala zivela maphakathi noJulayi. Esikhundleni somunye nomunye, zijabulisa iso njengeqhwa. Emvelweni yemvelo, ukuqhakaza kwenkazimulo yokuqhakaza unyaka wonke. Kumahlumela amancane agobekayo, kuma-axils amaqabunga nasemikhawulweni yamahlumela, kuqhakaza izimbali ezinezimbali eziqhakaza izimbali ezinkulu. Ububanzi be-corolla ye-congenital bufika ku-12 cm. Ama-buds avula ekuseni kakhulu, esimeni sezulu esicacile. Ebusuku nasezinsukwini ezinamafu ziyagoqana. Ama-petals angaba nombala omhlophe, obomvu, opinki noma ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, abe-monophonic, amabili noma amathathu anemibala. Ama-stamens ahlanzekile anama-anthers amakhulu kanye nekholamu ye-ovary peep iphuma kumbhobho ophakathi.
Ukungcola kwenzeka ngosizo lwezinambuzane nomoya. Ngemuva kwalokho, imbewu enkulu emnyama ivuthwa emabhokisini embewu avaliwe. Banesimo esingunxantathu nendawo engaphezulu.
Ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo
Uhlobo i-Ipomoea lubhekwa njengolukhulu emndenini. Kubandakanya izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-1000. Ngaphezu kwesigamu sazo asetshenziswa ekwakhiweni komhlaba. Ngaphezu kokuphambili (kwezinhlobo) zokukhazimula kwasekuseni, kunezinhlobo zokuzalela. Cishe yonke ingadi ekhazimulayo yasekuseni iyizitshalo zisetshenziswa, kodwa ayisebenzi kahle ekupholiseni okuncane, ngakho-ke ikhule ezivandeni njengonyaka.
Ipomoea Neil. Kuhlotshiswe bonke ubude bomvini ngamahlumela otshani athambile akhula aze afike ku-3 m ubude. Imbozwe ngamahlamvu amakhulu ama-oval ebanzi akhula maqondana ne-petioles ende. Amahlamvu apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Phakathi kwabo, izimbali ezimise okomhloshana obomvu, opinki, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ububanzi bomsipha ovulekile bufika ku-10 cm. Izinhlobo:
- I-Serenade - inkazimulo yasekuseni enezimbali ezimnyama ezibomvu ezihlanganisiwe ezinobubanzi obungu-8 cm;
- I-Picoti - iqhakaza izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezibomvu ezinomngcele omhlophe.
Inkazimulo yasekuseni Ipomoea. Izithombo zotshani ezingaguquguquki zikhula ngo-3-6 m ubude. Zimbozwe ngamaqabunga amise okwenhliziyo futhi ziyaqhakaza izimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe qhwa ezinobukhulu obufika ku-10 cm. Ama-buds avula ebusuku noma ngezinsuku ezinamafu. Bakhipha iphunga elinamandla.
Ipomoea Kvamoklit. Izinhlobonhlobo zonyaka zinohlaka lwamahlamvu angajwayelekile. Amaqabunga e-Openwork dissected enza amahlumela obomvu asontekile ukuba abe airy, afane nentambo. Izimbali ezincane zeshubhu ziyaqhakaza phakathi kwamaqabunga zinobubanzi obungafika ku-2 cm. Lapho ziqhakaza, ihlumela ngalinye elibomvu liba mhlophe ngo-ukhilimu.
Ipomoea tricolor. Ngenxa yezinqubo ezilandelwayo, umvini omkhulu ongapheliwa ufana nesihlahla esihlumayo esifinyelela kububanzi obuyi-5 m. Izimbali ziqala eminyakeni embalwa. Esitshalweni esidala, izimbali ezinkulu (ezifika ku-10 cm) ziyaqhakaza phakathi kwamaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakaza okuhlaza okotshani. Aqoqwe ngamaqembu ama-buds ama-3-4. Izinhlobo:
- Isibhakabhaka esibhakabhaka - sinombala ogqamile ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka onemithambo emincane ye-violet eduze nendawo;
- Isoso lendiza - izimbali ezinobubanzi obungafika ku-15 cm zimbozwe imivimbo eluhlaza okotshani nomhlophe.
Ipomoea Batat. Isitshalo esinezithombo ezinotshani eziguquguqukayo sikhula sibe ngamamitha ayi-5 ubude. Inyama yabo enempilo ibubende. Isisindo se-tuber sehluke kakhulu futhi sifinyelela ku-0,2 kg. Kuwo wonke ubude bemivini, kukhula amaqabunga enhliziyo noma asentendeni yesandla. E-sinuses kukhona izimbali ezinkulu zombala opinki, omhlophe noma o-lilac.
Izinhlobonhlobo zibukeka zithakazelisa kakhulu USomnandi waseGeorgia. Le nkazimulo yasekuseni enhle ikhula ngamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani obomvana noma omile ngenhliziyo. Ubude beqabunga bufika ku-15 cm. Izimbali ezimise okomhluzi obomvana obomvana obomvana kuzindawo.
Ipomoea Mina Lobata. Izimo minyaka yonke ezinamahlumela angama-1-3 m ubude. Iziqu zimbozwe ngamahlamvu amahle amahle anombala oluhlaza okhanyayo. Amacembe ane-lobed amathathu akhula kuma-petioles amade athambile. Ezonweni zabo maphakathi nehlobo, kuvela izimbali ezincane zesimo esingajwayelekile. I-bud eneshubhu emincane ayivuli futhi ingaphandle libukeka njengobhanana omncane. Ama-petals aguqula umbala usuka ebomvu uye kolintshi nophuzi.
Ukusakazeka kwenkazimulo yasekuseni
Indlela elula futhi elula kunazo zonke yokusakaza inkazimulo yasekuseni yimbewu. Njengoba ngesimo sezulu esipholile, izitshalo zitshalwa njengonyaka, imbewu ihlwanyelwa kuqala izithombo. Uma uhlwanyela ngoMashi, khona-ke ukuqhakaza kuzoqala maphakathi nehlobo. Izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, zifakwe emanzini afudumele (25-30 ° C), amanzi ahlanzekile. Uma igobolondo lingahambi, lilinyazwa ngefayela noma ngenaliti (nciphisa).
Ngokutshala, sebenzisa ingxube yenhlabathi yengadi ngobumba olwandisiwe kanye nopiyathi. Inhlabathi ithululelwa emigqonyeni yokudonsa noma izinkomishi ze-peat. Imbewu ingcwatshwa ngamasentimitha ayi-1-1,5. Inhlabathi iyaniselwa futhi iziqukathi zimbozwe ngefilimu. I-greenhouse iyangena umoya nsuku zonke futhi ifafazwe emhlabathini. Ngokushisa kwe + 18 ... + 20 ° C, kuvela izithombo ngemuva kwamasonto amabili. Izithombo ezinde zingama-15 cm ziqala ukubopha, ukuze umvini ukhule ube namandla. Ukuthola isihlahla esixakile ngalesi sikhathi, thinta phezulu.
Inkazimulo yasekuseni yangemuva ingasakazwa ngokusikwa. Kulokhu, amahlumela anqunywa entwasahlobo yobude be-15-20 cm. Ngamunye kufanele aqukethe imimese eyi-2-3. Ukusika okuphansi kwenziwa kude kwe-1.5 cm ukusuka esizeni, nge-angle engu-45 °. Amahlamvu aphansi ayasuswa. I-Rooting yenziwa emanzini at lokushisa lika + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Lapho kufika izimpande zokuqala, izitshalo zidluliselwa enhlabathini enesihlabathi se-peat. Ngemuva kwesonto, bazivumelanisa ngokugcwele futhi baqala ukukhula ngokushesha.
Ukuhamba nokunakekela
Izinhlobo zezingadi zenkazimulo yasekuseni zikhula ngokushesha futhi azikhathaleli. Zingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile noma zikhule kuvulandi ezitsheni. Izithombo zithuthelwa endaweni yezimbali ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Inhlabathi kufanele ifudumale kahle futhi iqine ngokuphelele iqhwa.
Ukuze uthole isitshalo, udinga ukukhetha indawo enelanga, evulekile ngaphandle kwethrafikhi eqinile. Amagagasi omoya angawukhipha umvini ekusekelweni kwawo. Izithombo zisatshalaliswa emigodini engaxutshwe nebanga elingaba amasentimitha angama-20. Ukuze ungalimazi izimpande, kubalulekile ukugcina inqwaba yomhlaba endala noma ukutshala izitshalo kanye namabhodwe we-peat.
Ngokushesha emva kokutshala, kusekelwa isisekelo ngesimo se-trellis, izinduku noma umugqa wokudoba. Ukuze wenze igatsha lama-liana libe ngcono, cindezela phezulu ihlumela eliyinhloko. Umhlabathi wokutshala inkazimulo yasekuseni kumele ukhululeke uvunde. Umhlabathi ofanele ngokuphendula okungathathi hlangothi noma okune-asidi. Uma kudingekile, i-peat, isihlabathi kanye namaqabunga ama-humus kulethwa emhlabathini.
Ipomoea ithanda umswakama. Udinga ukuthambisa njalo futhi maningi. Uma kungekho kwezulu lemvelo, liniselwa njalo ngosuku olunye. Ingaphezulu lomhlabathi kufanele lihlale linomswakama omncane, kepha ukuzimela kwamanzi akwamukeleki. Kusukela ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, ukuthambisa kwenziwa kaningi, kuvumela ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlabathi lome.
Kabili ngenyanga, izitshalo zondliwa indawo yonke yezimbiwa eziyimithi yezimbali. Kungcono ukukhetha amakhompiyutha anokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephansi. Izikhathi ezithile, kufanele uhlole izitshalo, usike amagatsha awomile futhi aphukile, kanye nama-inflorescence afihlekile.
Ekwindla, inkazimulo ekuseni yengadi iqala ukoma. Ngeke akwazi ukusinda ebusika obandayo, ngakho-ke izimila ziyanqunywa futhi zichithwe, bese kuthiwe indawo. Kubhaluni ofudumele, inkazimulo yasekuseni ingadlula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa elingaba ngu- + 15 ... + 18 ° C nokukhanya okuhle.
Ipomoea ihlukaniswa nokungatheleleki okuqinile. Kungukukhukhula isikhathi eside kwenhlabathi, ukuqina nokushisa okuphansi lapho kuvela khona isikhunta. Izinambuzane eziphambili zesitshalo ama-spider mites kanye ne-aphid. Bahlala emaqabungeni baphuze bonke ujusi. Lapho kuvela ama-punctures amancane nama-cobwebs emaphethelweni eqabunga, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ngokucophelela sonke isitshalo nokuphatha izinambuzane (Actellik, Aktara, Fitoverm).
Sebenzisa ekwakhiweni komhlaba
Udumo lwasekuseni lusebenza njengomhlobiso omuhle kakhulu waphezulu. Ngosizo lwayo, kungenzeka ukufihla izindawo eziyinkinga, ukuhlobisa i-arbor bese udale isikrini esivela emehlweni prying. Ezinye izinhlobo zitshalwa njengezitshalo ezinkudlwana, zizibeka kuvulandi, iveranda noma ithala.
I-Ipomoea ingahlanganiswa namagilebhisi asendle, i-ivy, ama-hops noma ezinye izitshalo ezikhuphukayo. I-Liana ingagijima ngokuphepha ngokusebenzisa iziqu zemithi, uthango nezindonga. Isebenza ngokungahambisani nolaka futhi ngeke ishiye ukulimala ebusweni.
