ICyclamen: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya

Izimbali eziqhakazile futhi ezinhle ziyahlukahluka phakathi kwezitshalo zasendlini cyclamen noma i-alpine violet. Imvamisa, ngemuva kokuthenga nokuphela kwezimbali, uyafa ngokushesha. Ngalesi sizathu, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kubhekwa njengento enzima. Kepha ngenhlangano efanelekile yokutshala, ingakhula iminyaka eyi-10, iqhume minyaka yonke.

Incazelo

Lesi sitshalo sonyaka esiqhakaza somndeni we-primrose. Ihlukaniswa ngamahlamvu nezimbali ezinomumo wenhliziyo kuma-pedicels aphezulu. Ngobubanzi, afinyelela ku-8 cm, ukusuka kumhlophe kuya ku-nsomi. Iphunga le-cyclamen liyaphikelela futhi alibuthakathaka.

Kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-20 kuhlobo. Ziyahluka ngokuphakama kusuka ku-15 cm kuya ku-35 cm, ukuba khona kwezimbali ezi-terry nezimbali ezilula. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-cyclamen yiMedithera. Kepha ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, asakazekela emazweni amaningi.

Ikhula eSpain, e-Iraq, enyakatho nasempumalanga yezwekazi lase-Afrika. E-Russia kutholakala ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama.

I-cyclamen yase-Persian ne-European, isithombe sabo

Ama-Florists ancoma ngokuzalaniswa kwasekhaya kwaseYurophu (ngokufiphaza) nezinhlobo zasePheresiya. I-European

Lesi sakamuva siyabekezela ekhaya. Unamaqabunga amahle. Izimbali zinkulu, zintathu izithunzi. Isitshalo mude kuze kube ngu-30 cm.

Izinhlobo zaseYurophu ze-alpine violets zinamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani. Izimbali zincanyana kodwa zikhanya. Kulula ukumnakekela, ngoba akanasigaba sokuphumula.

Abafuyi bezitshalo abazama ukufuya ezinye izinhlobo zekhaya, ngokwesibonelo, i-ivy, iCretan, iKos. Kepha badinga izimo ezinzima, lokhu kuvimbela ukusatshalaliswa kwabo okubanzi. IsiPheresiya

UMnu Dachnik uyachaza: izinkathi zomsebenzi we-cyclamen

Emvelweni, i-cyclamen inezigaba ezintathu zokukhula. Ekwindla, le mbali ikhula ngokushesha, blooms ngentshiseko ebusika, futhi iphumula ehlobo nasentwasahlobo. Lo mjikelezo uhlukile ngemibala ejwayelekile. Kodwa lokhu kwenza i-alpine violet ihehe ngokukhula, ngoba imbalwa izitshalo ezijabulisa iso ebusika.

Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid eziqhakaza unyaka wonke ziye zazalelwa.

Izinkimbinkimbi zokunakekelwa kwe-cyclamen ekhaya

Sebenza nge-cyclamen ngokucophelela, lesi yisitshalo esinobuthi.

Kungcono ukugqoka amagilavu ukuze kungabikho ukucasuka kwesikhumba. Beka ibhodwe ezindaweni ezingenakufinyelela ezilwaneni ezifuywayo nasezinganeni ezincane.

Izindlela eziyisisekelo zokunakekela izitshalo:

Ipharamitha	Izimo
Indawo	Indawo enhle kakhulu kungaba iwindi elibheke empumalanga noma entshonalanga. Ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu, lesi sitshalo kuzodingeka sibekelwe imithambo phakathi nosuku; enyakatho, ngeke kube nokukhanya okwanele kwelanga ukuze kukhule. Ungayimba engadini ehlobo, kepha ngokuvikela ukukhanya kwelanga. Okusalungiswa kuphikisiwe, yize umoya omusha unenzuzo. Ebusika, imbiza idinga ukubekwa kude namabhethri ashisayo futhi ithuthwe kancane ezindaweni ezahlukene.
Isibani	Esigabeni sezimbali, kungcono ukubeka ezindaweni eziqhakazile. Ehlobo, ukukhanyisa akusafuneki. Ungafaka imbali efasiteleni elisenyakatho noma endaweni emnyama. Kepha ukukhanya kwelanga okuncane kufanele kufinyelele kulesi simila. Ilungiselela ukuqhakaza okulandelayo, ukuthola amandla nezinzuzo, kufaka phakathi elangeni.
Ukushisa	Isitshalo sithanda ukuphola. Uzizwa emuhle ekushiseni kwe- + 17 ... +12 ºC ebusuku. Ebusika, i-cyclamen kumele ivikeleke kuma-radiators ashisayo, nasehlobo ekushiseni. Uma kungenzeki ukulondolozela izinga lokushisa olifunayo, isikhathi sezimbali sizoncishiswa.
Umswakama	I-violet yesiNgisi idinga umswakama ophezulu. Ekhaya, ikhula endaweni enomswakama. Musa ukufafaza kusuka isibhamu sokufafaza. Amabala ansundu azosala emaqabungeni. Udinga ukubeka isitsha esinembali esikhwameni esinobumba olunwetshiwe noma amatshe amanzi, ungabeka izinkomishi ngamanzi okuhwamuka eduze.
Ukunisela	Ukunisela kuya ngomjikelezo wokuthuthuka. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, humidization ayeki, akunakwenzeka ukuletha umhlaba ukuba wome. Lapho kuqhakaza izimbali, ukuchelela kuyanda, kepha ngaphandle komswakama ngokweqile. Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa kancane kancane i-hydration ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kodwa hhayi ngokuphelele. Ingxenye ephezulu iyafa, kepha izimpande zidinga umswakama. Amanzi hhayi aqhamuka ngaphezulu, kodwa epanini.
Inhlabathi	Inhlabathi iyadingeka kancane i-acidic, i-pH cishe engu-5. Ukuzilungiselela, hlanganisa ngokulingana kwesihlabathi, i-peat, i-turf kanye nenhlabathi enamaqabunga. Lapho uthenga, ungathatha inhlabathi yonke nge-acidity engathathi hlangothi. Kuyadingeka ukwengeza isihlabathi esincane kubo ukutholakala kwamanzi.
Isicelo somanyolo	Umanyolo we-Universal afanelekile ukondla (i-Pokon yezimbali, imbali ye-Uniflor). Ekwindla nasebusika, udinga ukondla isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-2. Ngokusetshenziswa njalo, kuzoba namahlamvu amaningi, kepha izimbali ngeke zivele. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo asivundiswa, ukuze kungalimazi, ungephuli imvamisa yentuthuko.

Ukufakelwa

Kuyadingeka ukufakelwa kwesitshalo kungasaphathwa kanye kanye eminyakeni eyi-3 ngezigaba zokuvuka, okungukuthi, ekwindla yokuqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuhluma kokuvuthwa sekuqalile ukusebenza, kepha amaqabunga awakaqhakaza.

I-cyclamen ayidingi imbiza enkulu. Uhlelo lwezimpande alusabalalisi kulo lonke ivolumu, ngenxa yalokho, ukukhula nokuqhakaza kwezimbali kunciphisa ijubane.

Inketho enhle yalolu hlobo lwezitshalo eziqhakazayo isitsha esibukeka njengendishi yesobho.

Imbiza ngayinye entsha ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kufanele ibe nobubanzi obungu-2-3 cm. Shiya okungenani u-2,5-3 cm ukusuka ezindongeni kuya kuma-tubers. Ukuvulwa kuyadingeka ezansi. Qiniseka ukuthi ugcwalisa ungqimba lwamanzi.

Ngaphambi kokugcwala emuva, inhlabathi kumele ihlanzeke. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuthosiwe, kufuthelwe kuhhavini noma kufrithwe ebusika emoyeni. Indlela esheshayo yokuthela amanzi abilayo phezu kwenhlabathi. I-European

Ukufakelwa kwe-cyclamen kufana nenqubo efanayo nezinye izitshalo zasendlini. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezisezimbali ezimbili zimbozwe ngokuphelele ngenhlabathi. Emibonweni emidala, ingxenye yesithathu ishiywe ngaphandle. Lapho ufakelwa, hlola ngokucophelela izimpande. Sika izingxenye ezibolile ngommese, ufafaze ngethebhulethi elichotshoziwe le-carbon eyenziwe ngeso lokhozi noma ngamafutha aluhlaza okotshani.

Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga okuqala, cishe izinsuku eziyi-10, imbali ayidingi kuniselwa. Kepha kufanele ivikelwe elangeni elikhanyayo kanye nokuntuleka komswakama.

I-cyclamen ethengiwe iyabatshazwa ngokushesha, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokukhula kwayo. Uhlelo lwezimpande lokuthaza ukubulala amagciwane luthambisa amahora ama-2 kusisombululo esikhanyayo se-potanganum permanganate. Ngemuva kwalokho inani elifanayo ku-biostimulator yokukhula, isibonelo, iKornevin.

Ukuzala

Lesi sitshalo sihlangabezana ngempumelelo nokusakazwa ngokuhlukanisa imbewu yeshubhu nembewu ekhulayo. Abatshali bezimbali abanokuhlangenwe nakho bathanda ukuqoqa ngokuzimela imbewu bese imila. Esetshenziswni, ukuqhuma okungekuhle kwembewu ethengiwe kuyatholakala, kepha kuqoqwe ngezandla zazo kuhlume ngokuphelele.

Ukuze kuhlanganiswe kangcono, impova evela ezimbali zamanye ama-cyclamens idluliselwa kumaphampu abanye ngebhulashi elithambile. Ngakho-ke yenza izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Uma konke kuhambe kahle, khona-ke izinyawo ziyokonakala - ziba mkhulu, zihlanekezele. Ukwakheka kwesibeletho nokuvuthwa kwembewu kuyaqhubeka isikhathi eside. Kwakhiwa ibhokisi esitshalweni lapho kuzoba khona imbewu. Azidingi ukuba zome ukuze zinganciphisi ukuhluma. Ngaphambi kokutshala, cwilisa usuku ukuthola isixazululo se-biostimulant kanye nama-crystal angu-2-3 we-potanganum permanganate.

Isitsha esithambile kumele sigcwaliswe ngenhlabathi, sikanyiswe futhi sakhiwe. Hlwanyela imbewu ngokulinganayo. Thela isihlabathi esihle ku-1 cm. Mboza isitsha nge-foil, ingilazi. Isitshalo asidingi kukhanya ngaphambi kokukhula, kepha kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lokushisa + 18 ... +20 ºC. Ngezansi kwe + 18 ºC imbewu izokubola, ngo-2020 ºC zizophumula. Udinga ukuthola indawo ephakathi yokuhluma okuphumelelayo.

Nsuku zonke kuyadingeka ukungena ngaphakathi kwesitsha, futhi uma somile, fafaza kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza. Kungenzeka ngenyanga, kwesinye isikhathi kube mbalwa. Kuya ngohlobo lwembali.

Amahlumela abonakalayo akhipha ukukhanya, kepha hhayi ngaphansi kwelanga elisebenzayo. Amazinga okushisa ancishiswe abe ngu- + 15 ºC. Ngaphambi kokuba ihlumela lokuqala liqhume, umhlaba uyanyiswa nsuku zonke. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga angama-2-3 (ngoDisemba), dive bese utshala ezitsheni ezincane zepulasitiki. Ngemuva kwesonto, bondliwa nganoma yimuphi umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi, ngenkathi kunciphisa ukugxilisa ingqondo ngesigamu. Maphakathi nentwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo, ukutshala ezimbizeni zobubanzi obufanele kuyadingeka. Cishe izinyanga eziyi-15 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu, i-cyclamen izothokozela izimbali zokuqala. IsiPheresiya

Indlela ye-vegetative ilula. Kuthiwa "izingane" zakheka kwi-tuber, okungukuthi, ukukhula okungajwayelekile.

Inqubo yokwanda kusuka ku-tuber:

Isitshalo kumele sisuswe ngokucophelela emhlabathini, sisuswe kancane, ngommese ukwahlukanisa "izingane".
Zibekele eceleni ukuze zome.
Gcoba ebusweni bezingcezu ezikwi-tuber ngokuluhlaza.
"Izingane" zidinga ukutshalwa emabhodweni amancane, ambozwe ngenhlabathi yezitshalo zabantu abadala.
Amanzi ngokulinganisela kuze kuvele amaqabunga amasha.
Gcina ukusika kusuka emoyeni owomile nemisebe yelanga esebenzayo.

I-tuber eyodwa nayo inqunywa ibe yizicucu ngesikhathi sokutshala. Kepha phezulu kukhona iphuzu lokukhula; lapho usikwa, uvame ukonakala. Izitshalo ezintsha zingaphenduka zibe mswakama futhi zife ngaphambi kokuba ziqine. Ivy

Izifo nezinambuzane ze-cyclamen

Ukunakekelwa abangafundile kuholela ezifweni. Ukusuka etafuleni kuzoba lula ukubona ukuthi kwenzekani nge-cyclamen.

Izimpawu	Isizathu	Izindlela zokulungisa
Ukubola okumpunga. Amahlamvu athambisayo, ukubonakala kwesendlalelo esimpunga ebusweni.	Umswakama ophezulu, ukugqoka okuphezulu okungeziwe, ukuthambisa okuningi.	Dlulisa imbali, unciphise ukuchelela, phatha ngeFundazole.
Rhizoctonia bola. Inhlanganisela emhlophe, izinhlaka.	Inhlabathi umswakama, ukushisa, ukuntuleka umswakama.	Yehlisa ukuthambisa, uthuthukise ukudonsa kwenhlabathi. Dlulisa isitshalo, faka iRovral.
Ukulimala ukubola. Amaqabunga omile, ingaphezulu le-tuber liwohloka.	Ukungcola kwenhlabathi.	Dlulisa isitshalo, phatha inhlabathi ngama fungicides.
I-Fusarium wilt. Phenduka ophuzi, amaqabunga omile, isibani siyathinteka.	Ukungcola kwenhlabathi.	Izenzo aziholeli kumphumela omuhle.

Kos

Eduze kwezimbali ezithelelekile, izinambuzane zihlasela izitshalo ezinempilo. Lokhu akuqapheleki njalo kubalimi abangenalwazi. Ithebula lizosiza ukunaka ngesikhathi izimpawu zezinambuzane futhi ulondoloze i-cyclamen.

Ukuboniswa kwamaqabunga	Isizathu	Izindlela zokulungisa
Ukunamathela okuqinile esithelweni. Basontekile.	Ama-aphid. Ukutheleleka, isitshalo sibuthakathaka.	Ukucubungula isixazululo sensipho, i-Actellik yezidakamizwa.
Isiqu sisontekile, izimbali ziyalahlwa. Kukhona ukuguqulwa.	I-cyclamen uphawu. Akukho umswakama owanele, ukutheleleka kwezinambuzane kwenzeke.	Susa amaqabunga athelelekile, fafaza ngama-insecticides.
Isitshalo siyanamathela. Amabala akhanyayo, ama-plaque avela.	Isihlangu. Umoya omile kakhulu, ukutheleleka sekwenzekile.	Sebenzisa utshwala kanye nama-insecticides.
Kukhona ukusonteka, amachashazi amhlophe kanye nenhlanganisela yesiliva.	Ama-Thrips. Umswakama ophansi.	Phatha ngama-insecticides.