UBadan ungowokuzalwa komndeni kaKamnelomkov, owaziwa kusukela ngekhulu le-18. Elinye igama "izindlebe zezindlovu." Imvelaphi yaseSiberia. Indawo yokusabalalisa - i-Central Asia, iMongolia, Korea, China, Izintaba ze-Altai, iPrimorsky Territory. Ikhetha amabhange asemifuleni, imifudlana, amadwala, imithambeka yamatshe, amahlathi. Isitshalo sinezakhiwo eziningi eziwusizo.
Isimo sembali enhlaka yempepho
UBadan noma uBergenia (igama elisemthethweni) unama-basal leaf plates. Ziyakwazi zenani lokuhlobisa ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Amapuleti anesikhumba, ububanzi, ngesimo se-oval, isiyingi, i-ellipse, abekwe emaphethelweni. Ehlobo, kuhlaza okumnyama, kucwebezela, ekwindla kube isifuba, obomvu-onsundu, okusajingijolo, ithusi eliqhakazile. Ubude bamaqabunga buyi-3-35 cm, ububanzi buyi-2,5-30 cm. Batholakala kuma-petioles futhi baqoqwe ku-rosette ese-basal, engxenyeni engezansi lapho kwakhiwa khona amakhanda we-membranous membranous. Amaqabunga avela ngemuva kwezimbali, akhule ehlobo lonke futhi angafi ebusika.
Isiqu sesitshalo sikhulu, sibushelelezi, ngaphandle kwamaqabunga, ubude obu-15-50 cm, ngombala omnyama ngombala. Isigqi siwugqinsi, sinsundu omnyama, asijulile futhi sikhula ubude, ubukhulu baso bufika ku-3.5 cm, ubude baso bube ngamamitha ambalwa.
Izimbali ezinamakha ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence aphathekayo, zitholakala kwi-peduncle ephezulu. Isimo sakhiwe bell, sakhiwe bell. Qhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaMashi bese liqhakaza kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMeyi. Umbala - omhlophe qhwa, opinki, o-fuchsia, onsomi. Izithelo ziyibhokisi elinembewu emnyama, encane.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zenhlaka
Hlukanisa izinhlobo eziyi-10 zezitshalo, ezihlangene kuhlobo olulodwa, ezintathu zokuqala zivame kakhulu ekutshaleni ingadi.
| Buka | Ukuphakama / Ukuphakama (m) | Kushiya | Izimbali / Isikhathi sezimbali |
| Ipuleti (officinalis, isiMongolia) | Ukuqhakaza kwasekuqaleni, ukubekezelela umthunzi, okufunwa kumswakama. Itiye lokupholisa lilungiselelwe kusuka kulo. 0,2-0,5. | Inomumo wenhliziyo, oyindilinga, onobunzima obungu-20 cm, obude obuyi-30 cm. Luhlaza okotshani ehlobo nasentwasahlobo, nsundu, licwebezela ekwindla. | Ipinki emnyama. Hlela obomvu. Okuhlosiwe. Upende ophuzi. Ukuphela kuka-Ephreli. |
| Inhliziyo | Okukhulu, okwazi ubusika ngaphansi kweqhwa. 0,6. | Iminyene, inolaka esweni senhliziyo. Luhlaza okotshani ehlobo, nobomvu ngokubomvu ekwindla, ngokukhanya. | Lilac-pink. Meyi |
| I-Ciliary | Ukusuka eTibet naseHimalaya, uthanda amahlathi anomthunzi, izihlahlana zezintaba. 0,3. | Kukalwe, i-fleecy, enomngcele wepinki, ubude obungu-2,5 cm. | Okumhlophe, okupinki okumnandi, okunephunga elimnandi. Ephreli |
| Pacific | Kusatshalaliswa eMpumalanga Ekude, kuyizithombe, kukhula phakathi kwamatshe. 0,4. | Kufika ku-20 cm ubukhulu, okusaqanda, imiphetho kuhlanganisiwe, kuluhlaza ehlobo, kubomvu burgundy ekwindla. Ebusika, ngo-18 ° C, bayafa. | ILilac, kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni. |
| Swatch | Kunzima umehluko, okusalungiswa. Habitat - Afghanistan, Asia. 0,3. | I-Ovate, enobubanzi obungu-3-5 cm, ubude obuyi-8-10 cm. Kuthunyelwe, ibukhali emaphethelweni, icwebezelayo. Okuhle kakhulu okugcinwe ngaphansi kweqhwa. | Obomvu obomvu, omhlophe-opinki. Meyi kuya kuSepthemba. |
| I-Hybrid | Kutholakala ngokuwela izinhlobo ezahlukene zezilwane. | Amaqabunga amaningi makhulu, e-wavy, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi, ophuzi. | Imibala ehlukahlukene. |
| ISchmidt | I-Hybrid kusuka ku-ciliary ne-plate. 0,3 | I-Ellipsoid, eyi-15 cm ubude nama-25 cm ububanzi kuma-petioles amade, ikhombe emaphethelweni. Luhlaza okotshani nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekwindla. | Scarlet. Ukuphela kuka-Ephreli. |
| Bach | IsiDashi Ukumelana neqhwa. 0,3-0,4 | Luhlaza okotshani, onsundu ngo-Okthoba. | Okumhlophe. Meyi-Juni. |
Izinhlobo zePlatyphyllum
| Ibanga | Ukuphakama (cm) | Izimbali | Isikhathi sezimbali |
| I-Purpurea | 50 | Hlela obomvu. | Meyi-Juni. |
| I-Hiderruspe | 200 | Upende ophuzi. | |
| Señor | 40 | Okuhlosiwe. | Meyi |
Izinhlobonhlobo Zenhliziyo
| Ibanga | Ukuphakama (cm) | Izimbali | Isikhathi sezimbali |
| Inkanyezi ebomvu | 50 | UCarmine pink. | Meyi |
| Ukukhanya Kokusa | 35 | Umbala opinki, omnyama phakathi. | |
| Cordifolia | 30-40 | Ipinki emnyama. | Ephreli-Meyi. |
Izinhlobo zeStrechi
| Ibanga | Ukuphakama (cm) | Izimbali | Isikhathi sezimbali |
| Belvedere | 20 | Ipinki ekhanyayo. | Ephreli-Meyi. |
| UBeethoven | 40 | Ipinki futhi imhlophe. | |
| Alba | 5-100 | Mhlophe qhwa. | Meyi |
Izinhlobo Ezinhlobonhlobo
| Ibanga | Ukuphakama (cm) | Izimbali | Isikhathi sezimbali |
| I-Bressingame White | 30 | Okukhulu, okumhlophe. | Meyi-Juni. |
| Idola Lezingane | Okupinki okukhanyayo. | ||
| I-Edene Emnyama Margin | Hlela obomvu. | ||
| I-magic jain | 35 | Pearl. | Ephreli-Meyi. |
| Ukukhanya kwe-Lanur | 40 | I-eggplant pink. | NgoJuni-Agasti. |
Ukutshala imbali yenhlaka yempepho
UBadan uyakwazi ukuhlobisa isiza, ingadi, edingeka ekuklanyweni kwesakhiwo se-rabatok, imingcele, amagquma ase-alpine. Imbali ayisiyisiyolo, kepha ukutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile kudinga ukuhambisana nemithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Imbewu iyathengwa noma ivunwa ezihlahleni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha i-inflorescence ethambile, kodwa enkulu, ubeke phezulu esikhwameni bese usika. Isikhathi sokuvuna nguSepthemba. Yoma amasonto ambalwa endaweni enomoya, bese unikina, uhlanzekile. Gcina emasakeni endwangu.
Ukuhlwanyelwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, esitsheni esibanzi samapulangwe, phansi kune-drainage yesihlabathi, amatshe amatshe amancane. Ngokuhlwanyelwa thatha inhlabathi ethengiwe yezimbali. Imisele yenziwa i-0.5 cm ejulile futhi ihlukaniswe ngo-3 cm. Igcotshwe ngamanzi afudumele, imbewu isakazeka ngokulinganayo ngemuva kokufakwa. Bafaka umthunzi oyingxenye, lapho izinga lokushisa liyi-+18 ... +19 ° ะก, umswakama ungama-75%.
Kwesinye isikhathi imbewu ihlwanyulwa ngoNovemba, ikhishwe ngaphansi kweqhwa ukuze ikhulele phansi. NgoMashi, hlela kabusha ekushiseni futhi uhlale ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli.
Ukunakekela izithombo
Izithombo kulindeleke ezinyangeni ezi-3. Inhlabathi ihlala idedelwa, ikakhulukazi lapho kuqhuma ukugqwala. Gcobisa hhayi kakhulu, shayela egumbini. Afakwe umbala elangeni eliqondile ukuze agweme ukushiswa. Umanyolo awudingiwe, i-activator yokukhula ngeke iphazamise. Ngemuva kwenyanga, amahlumela ayahlungwa. Dive izithombo ngoMeyi, ebhokisini elilungiselelwe ebangeni elingama-5-7 cm no-15 cm phakathi kwemigqa. Ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo ziyavutha emgaqweni, kuvulandi, zandisa isikhathi nsuku zonke. Lapho izithombo zimile zingenzi lutho emoyeni omusha wosuku, isikhathi sesifikile ezweni engadini.
Ukufika kwangaphandle
Ekupheleni kwehlobo, impepho itshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Indawo enokhanyo olula, oluxegayo, kuphela umhlabathi we-alkaline othukile kancane. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze izimpande zingapheli. Ngaphansi kwethonya lokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, ama-inflorescences kungenzeka angakhi, kepha amaqabunga ayoba aluhlaza.
Okokuqala, imigodi yenziwa, i-6 cm cm ejulile. Phansi ubeke inhlanganisela yenhlabathi enwebekile, i-loamy, humus, isihlabathi (1: 1: 2: 1). Isithombo, kanye nenhlama, kuphinda kubuyele emgodini ngendlela yokudlulisela. Inhlabathi ifakwe ngotshani, sawdust. Imbali ikhula kancane, ukuqhakaza kwenzeka iminyaka engu-3-4.
Ukunakekelwa kwezimbali
Ukunakekela imbali akunzima. Ekwindla, amahlamvu omile kanye nama-inflorescence ayahlanzwa, futhi entwasahlobo - amaqabunga angonyaka odlule, amahlumela aphuliwe, abuthakathaka, angenamandla. Inhlabathi ibanjisiwe. Isimo sezulu esomile, ama-bush adinga ukuthambisa okuphindaphindiwe: lapho amafomu efihlekile, phakathi kokuqhakaza izimbali, ngemuva kwamanye amasonto angama-2-3.
Kubalulekile ukuvimba ukoma ukuphuma nokuqina kwamanzi. Uma lina, ukuthambisa akufuneki.
Gcoba amahlandla ama-2, entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuqhakaza nasekwindla. Izingxube eziyinkimbinkimbi ziyasetshenziswa, ngokwesibonelo, iKemira - 1 tbsp. l ebhakedeni lamanzi no-2 sq.m. uzungu. Okwesibili superphosphate - 20 g ngama-10 amalitha amanzi (1 sq. M).
Ezifundeni ezibandayo, ngaphandle kokuthi lesi sitshalo simelana neqhwa, izinhlobo ezithile zingase zingahambisani nokubanda. Amabhasi ambozwe ngamahlamvu awile, amagatsha e-spruce.
Ukuzala futhi ukuthunyelwa kwempepho
Isitshalo sisakazeka ngembewu, sihlukanisa isihlahla. Izisekelo ezincane ezifundisiwe ezinezimpande ziyakhiwa ngaphandle kokuthinta owomama. Kukhethwa isihlahla esinempilo seminyaka engu-4-5 esinamaqabunga amakhulu. Imvamisa yenza inqubo ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. Kokwahlukaniswa ngakunye, ubude be-10-20 cm, okungenani izinso ezintathu kufanele zitholakale. Hlukana namaqabunga, ushiye omncane. Bumba izimbobo ngokujula kwama-3-5 cm ngokuhlukaniswa okungama-30-40 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Kugcwele kakhulu emavikini amathathu okuqala. Ngemuva kokubuna, lesi sitshalo sizokhula irosette lamaqabunga, liqhakaza kuphela emva kweminyaka emibili.
Imbali iyakwazi ukuba khona iminyaka eminingi endaweni eyodwa, ikhula kancane futhi imboze isikhala esengeziwe. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukufakelwa kunconywa njalo eminyakeni engama-5-6. Ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, isihlahla sihlukaniswe futhi sitshalwe. Izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala zidinga ukuthambisa okuningi.
Izifo nezinambuzane zenhlaka
Lesi sitshalo asivezi obala ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni.
Ngokuqina komswakama, kunengozi ye-ramulariosis - ukutheleleka ngefungal. Ngaphezulu kwamaqabunga ambozwe izindawo ezinsundu ezinomngcele, kusuka ngaphansi kokuhlanganiswa okumhlophe. Bese ziyoma. Amapuleti amaqabunga athintekile ayasuswa. Isiza ukwelashwa nge-Bordeaux ketshezi, iFundazole, i-sulfate yethusi.
Amabhasi akhula emjondolo angaba ngaphansi kwamaphenti we-slobbery. Utshani obukhulu yindawo yokubeka izibungu zabo. Izinambuzane zikhipha amagwebu afana namathe. Ukuze ulwe, sebenzisa insipho yasendlini, ukufakwa umhlonyane, iKarbofos, i-Intavir, uphatha izitshalo kabili ngosuku olomile nolushisayo ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali.
Ama-roundworms noma ama-nematode abeka izibungu ngendlela yamabhola ezimpandeni. Lapho zitshalwa, zilashwa ukuvimbela. Lapho izinambuzane zihlasela ngokuphelele lesi sitshalo, ziyasigaya, isimbungulu sigcinwa kwikhambi le-manganese. Kuthuthelwe endaweni entsha. Inhlabathi lapho ihlathi likhule khona iyafakwa ngama-insecticides. Abatshali lutho kuwo unyaka wonke.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyancoma: inhlaka yempepho - imbali yokuthola isiphuzo sokupholisa
Izici zokwelapha yilezi: i-rhizome yesitshalo, amaqabunga, izimbali, nezithelo. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwama-tannins, ukulandelela izinto, amavithamini C, inhlaka yensimbi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwelashweni. Lesi sitshalo sinezinto ezilwa nokuvuvukala, ukuphulukisa, ukubulala amagciwane, izakhiwo zokugaya.
Amabhola ayenziwa ngoJuni-Julayi. Impande iyagezwa futhi yomile, ingagcinwa iminyaka engafika kwe-4. Amaqabunga aqoqwa kuphela entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, ahlanjiwe, omisiwe, ochotshoziwe. Gcina esikhwameni sendwangu.
Ama-decoction alungiswa kusuka kumikhiqizo eluhlaza eyomile, itiye kusuka emaqabungeni angonyaka odlule, ubusika ngaphansi kweqhwa, kodwa hhayi omncane, anobuthi futhi azolimaza umzimba.
IBadan isetshenziselwa izifo zabesifazane, umphimbo obuhlungu, izinkinga zesisu, ikhanda, futhi isetshenziswa kwezamazinyo.
Ngokuya esifundeni sokukhula, izinto zokwelapha zokwenza inhlaka yempepho ziyahluka. Itiye laseMongolia lisiza ngokuzivikela komzimba okuphansi. Ayikho iTibet ebaphatha ngesifo sofuba esibandayo, i-bronchitis, i-rheumatism, isifo sofuba samaphaphu. Umuthi wabantu baseSiberia unikela ngempepho yezifo zomgogodla womlomo, umphimbo, nomgudu wokugaya ukudla. Ama-Powder rhizomes aphatha amanxeba. Itiye liyaphuzwa kusuka emaqabungeni esitshalo, isiphuzo siqinisa amandla endoda, sinciphise izingcindezi, amathoni, sithuthukise imetabolism futhi siqede ubuthi. Ama-infusions wamanzi, ukukhishwa kwe-tinctures kuyathandwa.
Isitshalo singalimaza uma ungazi mayelana ne-contraindication yaso. Abancomi impepho kubantu abane-hypotension, i-arrhythmia yenhliziyo, ukuthambekela kokungezwani komzimba nokuqunjelwa. Futhi ukhulelwe, elengisa.
