Iphupho likaViolet Zolushkin ngumsebenzi wokukhetha u-A. Deikun, ovame kakhulu phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo. Inesimo esiyingqayizivele sama-petals, yaziswa ngokuzithoba kwayo kanye nesici sezimbali.
Incazelo ye-violets Zolushkin iphupho
Izinhlobonhlobo zathandana ngokushesha nabathandi bezitshalo zasendlini ngokulungiswa kwayo okuphansi nokubukeka okuhle. Amaqabunga awo aluhlaza omnyama onsundu, aqoqwe esitolo esincane, anosayizi omkhulu ngokulingana nothayela obomvu onobuhle emuva. Izimbali ezimhlophe zihambisana nezimbali ezisencane, kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuvela kwe-lilac kuvela ku-petal ngayinye. Izimbali zingakhula zifike kububanzi obungu-4 cm. I-peduncle ngayinye inamahlamvu angama-5-6. Izimbali zivame ukuhambisana nokwehla okuwela, futhi ubude bawo bufika ezinsukwini ezingama-40.
Izinzuzo
Inzuzo enkulu izimbali zesimo esingafani nombala. Umehluko wengxenye engenhla ehlanganisiwe ye-lilac enemibala ye-lilac kanti konke okunye kumhlophe. Ibonisa ukuqhakaza okuqhubekayo kanye nesimo sendawo okuphuma kuyo. Ngaphezu kokukhethwa kombala oyinhloko, kukhona - ngemisipha ye-tint ebomvu nomngcele we-brown-sitrobheli.
Izimo ezikhulayo
| I-Factor | Izimo |
| Indawo | Kuzozizwela okuhle emafasiteleni abheke kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi ngaphandle kwaseningizimu. Ekushiseni kwehlobo, kuyafaneleka ukubilika ngezikhathi ezithile nge-gauze, lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukushiswa kanye nesomiso senhlabathi. |
| Isibani | Kunconywa ngokuqinile, khubaza, ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Amahora wemini ehlobo kufanele afinyelele emahoreni ayi-16, kanti ebusika kuzoba amahora anele ayi-12, ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yokwenziwa kuvunyelwe. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kuthinta kabi ukwakheka kokuphuma, inani lama-buds nalo liyancishiswa, kuyilapho amatholethi aphakeme. |
| Inhlabathi | Kudinga ihlathi elinempilo, elixegayo futhi elimelana nomswakama, elihle. Ukuhlanganiswa kuzoba okuqukethwe yi-turf, amaqabunga abolile nesihlabathi. Lapho isitshalo siqhakaza, sizodinga ukondliwa okwengeziwe. Noma yimuphi umhlabathi wendawo yonke kusukela esitolo ulungele le ndima, lapho ungangeza khona i-perlite encane. |
| Imbiza | UViolet ukhula ezinhlangothini, hhayi ekujuleni kwenhlabathi. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, akadingi imbiza ejulile. Ukudonsa okuphoqelekile ngesimo sobumba olwandisiwe noma ngezitini ezaphukile ezansi. Ubukhulu bethamo buyahlukahluka ngosayizi we-Saintpaulia:
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| Ukushisa | Iphendula kabi kuze kube phansi nokuphansi. Ibanga lokushisa elifanelekile ngu- + 20 ... +22 ° C, ebusika + 18 ... +19 ° C lizokwanela. |
| Umswakama | Kudinga umswakama omningi (60%), kepha akufanele kufafazwe ngalokhu, kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukugcina isitsha samanzi sisondele. Igumbi lapho i-senpolia itholakala khona kwesinye isikhathi liyadingeka ukuthi lisebenze. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, kubalulekile ukuhlelela kabusha ukuze ingawi ngaphansi kokusalungiswa. |
Umhlali wasehlobo uyazisa: inqubo yokunisela nephezulu yokugqoka
Kufanelekile ukunisela iphupho likaZolushkin kuphela uma ungqimba ophezulu womile ngo-1/3, ngaphandle kwalokho umlimi wenza ingozi yokugcwala isitshalo, ngenkathi isomiso sibulala ne-senpolia. Imvamisa, ukuthambisa kwenziwa izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngeviki, kubalulekile ukungafaki i-ingress yamanzi esihlahleni nakumacembe. Ukwenza lula inqubo futhi isebenze nge-othomathikhi, shintsha ukuthambisa kwe-wick. Le nketho izonikeza ukulawulwa kokuswakama kwesitshalo uqobo. Ukwenza idivaysi enjalo, kuyadingeka ukwenza i-wire-wick, okungcono kusuka kwindwangu yokwenziwa (ayithinteki ukubola), hhayi ngaphezu kuka-0.5 cm ubukhulu (kuya ngosayizi webhodwe). Dlulisa ungqimba lwamanzi, ulubeke endandeni enhlabathini. Ukuphela kwentambo kubekwe esitsheni samanzi esifakwe ngaphansi kwembiza. Noma kunjalo, ukunisela okunjalo kudinga ukwanda kwenhlabathi, okulula ukufeza ngokungeza i-perlite.
Amanzi okunisela asetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni futhi angcono uma kungewona amanzi kampompi alukhuni, kepha athambile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyenziwa ngokuya ngesizini:
- Umanyolo we-Organic (ubusika);
- Umanyolo wamaminerali onobuhle be-1 isikhathi / amasonto ama-3 (intwasahlobo);
- Kuphela uma kwenzeka kugula (ihlobo).
Ngaso leso sikhathi, izitshalo ezisencane, ezifika ezinyangeni ezimbili ubudala, ezinezifo ezinesifo noma lezo izinambuzane ezivele kuzo, azidingi zondlo ezengeziwe. Umanyolo uzoba ngaphezulu kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.
Ukutshala nokukhiqiza kabusha
Enye yezinketho ezifakazisiwe zokuzalela iyisitshalo, kodwa ngale ndlela udinga ukusebenzisa isitshalo sobudala obuphakathi nje. Kuyadingeka:
- Sika ukusika emgqeni wesibili;
- Diliza ithebhulethi lekhabhoni ekhiqizwe engilazini yamanzi;
- Shiya ukhiye kulo kuze kube yilapho izimpande zivela;
- Dlulisela enhlabathini.
Enye indlela isuselwa kumphumela wokubamba ukushisa - kulokhu, isiqu kufanele sitshale ngokushesha emhlabathini futhi simbozwe nge-polyethylene, ngemuva kokwenza izimbobo ezincane kuyo.
Indlela esebenzayo ibhekwa njengokwalusa. Lesi sakhiwo sendlu sisekude kakhulu ekuzaleni izingane, futhi ukuze ama -onsons abonakale, kufanelekile ukukhuthaza ukwakheka kwawo ngokunamathela emacembe amancanyana maphakathi nesikhungo saseSpapaulia. Lapho zivela, nge-scalpel, ihlukanisa eyodwa kusuka kwisitshalo esidala, gcina engilazini enamanzi kuze kube yilapho izimpande zihluma. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5, lesi sitshalo sizobe sesizimele.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo
Lapho inhlabathi ilahlekelwa yizo zonke izakhi zayo, futhi uhlelo lwezimpande lwesitshalo lukhula, i-violet kufanele itshalwe kabusha.
Isiginali sokufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi imbobo emhlophe ngaphezulu kwe-Saintpaulia, ivela lapho kwenzeka khona ukushoda komoya-moya kanye nokuqukethwe okweqile kumanyolo wamaminerali. Kunconywa ukufakelwa okufudumele ngenkathi efudumele, ekukhanyeni okugcwele, kepha kufanele ukwenqabe kulokhu ngesikhathi sezimbali. Ngaphambi kokubeka i-violet ebhodweni olusha, kufanelekile ukuyihlanze kusuka ezimpandeni ezindala, ezibolile nokulungisa inhlabathi.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga lokhu okulandelayo (5: 3: 1: 1: 1):
- Ingxube yeqabunga nenhlabathi yefudu;
- I-Peat;
- Isihlabathi;
- I-Vermiculite.
Ngeke kube yinto engelutho ukwengeza umlotha wokhuni, ukuba khona kwayo kuzoliphazamisa kahle inani lomsoco lomhlabathi. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, imbali ngeke idinge ukuthambisa, kungcono ukuyimboza nge-polyethylene.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ukuvimbela ngesikhathi kuyindlela ethembeke kakhulu yokulwa nezinambuzane ezingafuneki, isikhunta kanye nezifo.
Uma bekungenakwenzeka ukugwema amathonya amabi, khona-ke kusiza ukuthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuziqeda ngendlela yesikhathi, ngoba izifo eziphumelelayo zesitshalo ziphathwa ezigabeni zokuqala.
| Inkinga | Isizathu, ukubonakaliswa | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| I-Fusarium | Ukujikeleza kwezimpande okubangelwa ushintsho olungazelelwe lokushisa. Isibonelo, lapho unisela ngamanzi abandayo. Kusuka ezimpandeni, khona-ke ukutheleleka kusakazekela engxenyeni ephezulu - isiqu, amaqabunga. | Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ukwelashwa nge-phytosporin kufanelekile. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kucishe kucishe amathuba okuba nesifo esinjalo. Uma imbali yagula ngeFusarium, khona-ke ngeke ilaphe. Kufanele ichithwe ngokuvimbela ukuxhumana namasampula anempilo. Inhlabathi evela ngaphansi kwe-violet enesifo kufanele ilahlwe, ngoba nayo ithelelekile. |
| I-Powdery hlobo | I-plaque emhlophe icasulwe ngokweqile komswakama kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi. Izimpawu zihambisana nokubuyiselwa emuva kokukhula, amahlamvu abune. | Izindlela zokuvimbela - ukondla i-phosphorus ne-potash. I-fungus ikhuthaza ukwelulama okusheshayo kusuka ku-powdery hlobo. Phakathi kwemithi yesintu, kufanelekile ukugqamisa ukufafazwa ngesisombululo sensipho nesoda, kufakwe kumalitha ayi-1.5 amanzi. |
| Ukulimala okufika lapho | Amacembe omile ngenxa yokunisela okungafanele, i-hypothermia, noma ukuntuleka kokukhanya. Ezinsukwini ezingama-3-4, i-senpolia iyafa. | Susa wonke amaqabunga owonakele, unikeze ukunakekelwa okufanele futhi uphathe ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane. Izimpande nazo ziyathinteka. Kufanele ukhiphe i-violet ebhodweni bese ususa abagulayo - abaphethi inqwaba yomhlaba, ngokungafani nezimpande ezimhlophe ezinempilo. |
| Ukubola okumpunga | Ukubola kwamaqabunga kwenzeka ngenxa yokufikelwa kwamanzi kuwo. | |
| Imikhaza, ama-aphid, izimpukane | Ukulimala ohlelweni lwezimpande, amahlamvu. Ukuthuthukiswa kwembali kuyaphela, zonke izingxenye ezibonakalayo ziyafiphala, isitshalo siyafa. | Susa izingxenye ezithintekile, zelapha ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane noma izinambuzane amahlandla ama-3 ngezikhathi ezithile zesonto. |
