IGeranium, ngaphandle kwalokho i-crane, isitshalo sohlobo lomndeni wakwaGeranium. Isitshalo esidumile esisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo engadini.
Izici zika geraniums engadini
I-geranium yeGadi - isihlahla esihle esicwebezelayo, siyisihlahla esinotshani. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kuhlukile: kunezinhlobo zombili ezingaphansi futhi ezinde.
Amaqabunga aminyene, umucu oqoshiwe. Kunobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nobumo - banemiphetho eyindilinga noma ekhomba.
Izinhlamvu zesitshalo zifinyelela kububanzi obungafika ku-5 cm futhi ziqukethe amacembe angaba mahlanu. Umbala wezimbali ze-geranium unephalethi elinemibala ebanzi. Zonke izithunzi ezibomvu, ezimhlophe, ezipinki, nezinsomi zitholakala. Izitshalo zomndeni wama-geranium zinephunga elimnandi elimnandi.
Inzuzo eyinhloko yalolu hlobo impilo yayo: imbali ingavikelekile kwisomiso, ayinambulelo ekunakekelweni futhi ingukuzivikela okuhle kakhulu.
Umehluko wegadi geranium kusuka egumbini
I-Indoor geranium noma i-pelargonium yahlanganiswa yaba yiqembu elilodwa ne-geranium ngo-1738, ngaphandle kokuthi ihlukile ngofuzo. Ngaphandle, ziyefana kakhulu, kepha zinokwehluka okuningi. Isibonelo, izitshalo zingezomndeni owodwa, kepha azikwazi ukuzalanisa.
Ithebula lidingida ezinye izici ezihlukanisayo.
| Sayina | Ingadi | Igumbi |
| Habitat | Isimo sezulu esifudumele yisifunda saseMedithera, iBelarus, i-Asia Ephakathi, izifunda zentaba iCaucasus, iSiberia kanye neMpumalanga Ekude. | Iningi laseNingizimu Afrika. |
| Ukonakala kwesimo sezulu | Zizizwa zimnandi emhlabathini ovulekile unyaka wonke, zimelana neqhwa kakhulu. | Igumbi elinothando lokushisa, ubusika bodwa. Emhlabathini ovulekile kungaba kuphela ngenkathi yehlobo. |
| Imbewu | "IGeranius" kusuka olimini lwesiGreek - "crane". Akusizi ngalutho - imbewu, ngokubukeka kwazo, ifana nekhanda lale nyoni. | "Pelargonium" ekuhumusheni - "stork". Ngokufanekisa. |
| Izimbali | I-petals engu-5-8 yefomu elifanele, yona-ke, yakha ama-inflorescence lapho kunezimbali ezinjengezi-5. | Ama-petals ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokungajwayelekile akha izimbali zama-inflorescence amaningi. |
| Ama-Stamens | Kufika ku-10. | Kufika ku-7. |
| Umbala | Azikho izithunzi ezibomvu emvelweni. | Azikho eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zama-geraniums
Muva nje, ukuthandwa kokusebenzisa izitshalo ekwakhiweni kwendalo kuye kwanda ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okuthakazelisa nezakhiwo, njengokuphikisana nesithwathwa kanye nokuzithoba.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-400 zama-geranium. Kukhona ukwahlukaniswa okunemibandela ngokusho kokuphakama kwesihlahla: kuphansi kuya ku-50 cm, phezulu - ngaphezu kwama-50 cm. Ngokuvamile, eRussia kunezinhlobo ezi-4 ezinkulu:
- crane elikhulu-rhizome;
- crane emnyama onsundu;
- I-South European Crane;
- i-fluffy geranium.
| Buka | Incazelo | Izinhlobo kanye nzalo |
| UMash | I-perennial enezimpande ezimfishane ezinamagatsha. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kucishe kube ngu-30-70 cm.I-Buds in the girth of 4 cm, 2-3 in the inflorescence, ikakhulukazi has color lilac. Izimbali zenzeka ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala zehlobo. Ithanda umswakama, ngakho-ke ikhula ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi, amamardig kanye namahlathi. Indawo yokuhlala yiRussia YaseYurophu, Belarus, Ukraine. Lesi sitshalo saziswa ngezimpawu zaso zokuphulukisa: usizo nge-colic, izifo zezindlebe, isifo sezinhlungu, izifo zohlelo lwe-genitourinary, rheumatism; izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo. | - |
| Kuhle | Isihlahla esihle kakhulu esisakazwayo esingaba cm 60. Izimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zakha ama-inflorescence wezimbali ezingama-2-3. Izimbali zingabonakala zonke izinyanga zasehlobo. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu kuleli fomu ngamahlamvu. Banesimo esinqunyelwe i-fluffy dissected futhi baba nesici esijabulisayo - ekwindla bayaphenduka kusuka kokuluhlaza kuya kobomvu. | Alan Mayes, Bluegazi, Mnu. UKendall Clark, eRosemoor. |
| IsiGeorgia | Isihlahla esingabekezeleleki esikhula sibe ngama-80 cm ukuphakama. Ungahlangana nesitshalo emvelweni eseMaducasus. Izimpande ziyaphawuleka - aqukethe imibala yemvelo emnyama emnyama. Ama-Volumetric buds of hue onsomi anamabala amnyama. Isikhathi sezimbali sisukela kuJulayi kuya kuSepthemba. Amahlamvu ayindabuko ngombala obomvana obomvana obomvana obomvana ngokwebala. | - |
| Umbala onsundu | I-Carpathian bush efinyelela ku-80 cm ukuphakama enamaqabunga amakhulu e-basal. Banesakhiwo nephethini ethokozisayo: Imiphetho emnyama onsomi ivela ku-grey grey ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. Lesi sitshalo sinezimbali ezincane ezinsomi, ozithobo zaso ezinemiphetho ye-wavy, ziyaqhakaza ngoJulayi-Agasti. | Luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kaLangthorn, uLily Lovell, uSamobor, i-albhamu. |
| Igazi libomvu | Isihlahla sokukhipha umoya obude obungama-60 cm.isici esivelayo izimbali ezinkulu ezikhulu, i-fuchsia noma nsomi. Iqhakaza lonke ihlobo. Amacembe esitshalo ekwindla azoshintsha umbala abe bomvu. Lolu hlobo lwe-geranium lunezinto zokuphilisa futhi lusetshenziselwa: amagciwane, isikhunta, izifo, amagciwane kanye nokopha. Ama-tinctures asetshenziswa kaningi. | U-Alan Bloom, u-Apfelbute, ukuqhosha kuka-Ankum, u-Canon Miles, u-Elke, uNana, Prostratum. |
| Ihlathi | I-Shrub 80 cm emide ngezimbali ezibubende. Izimbali mfushane kakhulu, kuphela amaviki ama-3 aqala ngoMeyi noma ngoJuni. Endle kukhula intshonalanga yeSiberia, e-Asia Ephakathi, eYurophu. | IMayflower, i-Albhamu, iBirch Lilac. |
| Isifundo | Lesi sitshalo sikhula kuphela ezindaweni ezikhanyiswe kahle yi-Eurasia. Inezimbali ezinkulu ezinemibala ehlukahlukene: kusuka kokubomvu kuya kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kusuka kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya kokusomi. Ukuqhakaza kwenyanga kuqala ngoJuni. Inombala oluhlaza okotshani. Kusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha njenge-sedative, antimicrobial kanye ne-anti-inflammatory agent. | I-Algera Double, iCluden Sapphire, i-Ilja, iSplash Splash. IJonson's Blue, iBrookside, iKashmir Blue, i-Orion. |
| Amandla amancane noma ama-Armenia | I-perennial efinyelela ku-1,2 m enamaqabunga amade. Imibala yabo iyashintsha kusuka esikhathini sonyaka: ehlobo baphenduka luhlaza, entwasahlobo baphenduka ubomvu, bese ekwindla baphenduka baba bomvu. Izimbali eziqhakaza ngoJuni, izimbali zingama-fuchsia amancane. | IBressingham Flair, Ann Folkard. |
| Flat | Isihlahla esisebekile esime ngendlela eyindilinga, sikhula sibe yingxenye yemitha futhi siqonde ku-1 m. Sinamaqabunga aluhlaza obomvu kanye nezimbali ezibubende. | - |
| I-Endress noma iPerenayan | Ngenxa yokukhula kwayo ngokwendawo - isihlahla esinezimpande ezinde, esifiphele, isigamu semitha ukuphakama. Amaqabunga amakhulu aluhlaza angaba ngu-10 cm ubude nezimbali ezincane ezipinki. Uthanda inhlabathi ekhanyayo, umthunzi oyingxenye. | Iso lika-Seeer's, uWargrave Pink, uBetty Catchpole. |
| IHimalayan | Ikhule izimpande, ukuphakama kwesihlahla akukho ngaphezu kwama-60 cm. Kususwe amaqabunga anamaqabunga amakhulu ku-girth afinyelela ku-5 cm. Kudwetshwe ngemibala kusuka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya kofeleba, onemithambo ebomvu. Ukuqhakaza kusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo ukuwa. Uyawuthanda umhlabathi oxegayo futhi omanzi. Ungahlangana ezingxenyeni ze-Afghanistan, iTibet, Tajikistan kanye nez Meadows zaseHimalayan. | I-Baby Blue, iGravetye, i-Irish Blue, iPlenum, neJohnson's Blue neRozanne hybrids. |
| Dalmatia | Isihlahla esiphansi esifinyelela ku-15 cm ukuphakama nama-50 cm ububanzi ngezimbali ezincane zombala wepinki othambile. Iqhakaza ehlobo. Amaqabunga ahlakazekile esesimweni, aphenduka abomvu ngokuhla okuqinile kwezinga lokushisa. Sikhula eMontenegro nase-Albania. | - |
| Ash | Isihlahla esincane esinezimbali eziqhakazile ezipinki. Izimbali zihlala kuphela izinsuku ezingama-20- 40 kusukela enyangeni yokuqala yentwasahlobo. Amahlamvu adwetshwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, abe nesimo esingahlukanisiwe, esingama-5 cm ubude. Bahlala e-Albanian nase Balkan metadows. | IBallina, Splendens, Subcaulescens. |
| URenard | Isitshalo se-perennial esine-rhizome eyindilinga, ukukhula okungaba ngu-30 cm. Kunamaqabunga aphambili anemibala yomnqumo nezimbali ezimhlophe ezinezikhala ezinsomi. Izwe lakule geranium yiCaucasus. | - |
| URoberta | Isigamu semitha emide. I-Foliage ifana namaqabunga e-fern, ekwindla bangashintsha umbala ube yi-orange. Izimbali zipinki elincanyana. Isiqu simbozwe izinwele ezincane ezibomvu. Izinhlobo ziyaphawuleka ngoba zikhula buthule ezindaweni eziphakemeyo, zithanda isithunzi. Ikhula emahlathini ase-Eurasia, eNyakatho Melika. | - |
| Wallich | Isembozo esingaphansi komhlaba sikhula sibe ngamamitha angama-30 ukuphakama futhi ububanzi bube yingxenye yemitha. Inamaqabunga amade nezimbali ezinkulu ezibubende, ezinomhlophe omhlophe. Isikhathi sezimbali sisuka maphakathi nehlobo siye phakathi ekwindla. Kutholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afghanistan, eKashmir. | Ukuhlukahluka kukaBuxton, uBlue waBlue, uSyabru, iCrystal Lake. |
| Elikhulu-rhizome noma iBalkan | Isihlahla esiyindilinga esingaphansi komhlaba esinezimpande ezinamagatsha anamanzi. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyathandeka ekukhanyiseni. Amacembe ayindilinga futhi ahlukaniswe izingxenye. Umbala oluhlaza okotshisiwe uphenduka obomvu ekwindla. Izimbali ziza ngemibala egqamile: pink, nsomi. Isitshalo sinephunga elimnandi. Indawo yokuhlala kwama-Alps namaBalkan. Izimpande zalo zingasetshenziswa njengokunambitheka kwemvelo ekuphekeni. Amafutha eGeranium anendawo yokuphulukisa neyolisayo. | Izinhlobonhlobo zikaBevan, uCzakor, uLohfelden, ukuhlukahluka kwe-Ingangenaen, Insversen, Spessart, Variegata. |
| IsiCantabrian | I-hybrid etholakala ngokuwela i-Dalmatia ne-geranium enkulu-rhizome. I-perennial miniature ifana namaqabunga acwebezelayo kanye nezimbali ezincane ezimhlophe, ezipinki kanye nezinsomi. | I-Westray, iSt. Ole, Biokovo, eCambridge. |
Ukusakazwa yensimu gerniums zonyaka
Ukuzalela ama-crane kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Imbewu - indlela enzima futhi enzima. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuvela ukuthi amanye ama-geranium awakwazi ukukhiqiza imbewu yawo, futhi amanye azikhiqize futhi azihlakaze. Ukuze kusakazeke ngale ndlela, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhethe izinhlobo ezihehayo kakhulu ezizoqhakaza kuphela emva konyaka.
- Imifino noma ukusikwa - indlela yokuhlukanisa ingxenye yezimpande. Kunconywa ukwenza le nqubo entwasahlobo. Okokuqala udinga ukulungisa inhlabathi: engeza umquba womquba nomhlungo we-Peat. Ngokulandelayo, emhlabathini onjalo kufanele kutshalwe kuhlume. Esikhathini esizayo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukuthambisa njalo, futhi inyanga ngemuva kokutshala, ondle izithombo.
Ukutshala nokunakekela ama geraniums engadini
Ukufakelwa indawo kwenziwa kangcono ekwindla noma entwasahlobo. Kuyadingeka ukulungisa inhlabathi: engeza i-peat noma i-humus. Umhlaba udinga ukuniselwa futhi kufakwe emanzini. Ngaphambi kokutshala, hlukanisa izimpande zesitshalo. Lapho ubatshala, kunconywa ukuthi babeke ibanga phakathi kwabo abacishe babe ngama-30 cm.
Ukukhula ngama-germums akhula kancane akunzima. Kanye ngonyaka, kwanele ukondla umhlaba ngamanyolo wezimbiwa. Amanzi njalo, ukugcina umswakama ophakathi. Ihlala eduze nezinye izitshalo. Le mbali ayamelana nezifo nezinambuzane, ngoba inephunga eliziphikisayo.
Ubusika
IGeranium isitshalo esilwa neqhwa.
Ingashiywa ngokuphepha emhlabathini ovulekile sonke isikhathi sebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga nje ukunquma amahlumela namahlamvu ongeziwe.
Kodwa-ke, i-geranium yangaphakathi, i-pelargonium, ayibekezeleli amazinga okushisa aphansi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyithumela kumagumbi afakwe ubusika. Kulokhu, kuvulandi weglasi noma i-loggia, lapho izinga lokushisa lingawi ngaphansi kuka-12 + +15 ° C, phezulu. Kungakho kunconyelwa ukutshala ama-geraniums ezimbizeni zezimbali, amabhodwe noma izimbiza zezimbali, ukuze ngaphambi kwesizini ebandayo. Musa ukumba ngaphandle noma ukuyifaka endaweni evulekile.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Ngenxa yephunga layo, i-geranium iyazixosha izinambuzane eziphuma kuzo nezitshalo ezingomakhelwane. Uma, noma kunjalo, izinambuzane ziyishaya, kubalulekile ukusika isihlahla esingaphansi komgogodla, futhi izingxenye ezisikiwe zidinga ukushiswa ngaphandle kombhede wezimbali ukuze umhlaba ungangenwa yileli gciwane. Ngokuvamile izifo zenzeka ngenkathi yezimvula ezinkulu.
Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu zama-geraniums:
- Ama-aphid - qeda ngokufafaza isihlahla ngesisombululo esithile.
- Goose - umele ingozi esontweni, ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi ubuthi bushe. Ukulwa nakho kwanele ukuwuqoqulula ngezandla zakho kusuka esitshalweni.
- I-Whitefly - sebenzisa isidakamizwa "Spark".
IGeranium inokunye ukugula - amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngomswakama onganele. Uma amahlamvu edilika, ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo asinakho ukukhanyisa.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyeluleka: izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-geranium kanye ne-contraindication
Emithini yesintu, i-geranium isetshenziswa ngendlela yama-decoctions, ama-tincture namafutha athuthukisa impilo yabantu.
Ezimpandeni zesitshalo, ungathola uwoyela we-geranium, onezindawo zokwelapha kanye ne-contraindication. Amafutha agcwele ushukela, i-fructose, ama-tannins, amavithamini. Isetshenziselwa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukuvuvukala, ukukhathala nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa.
Thatha ukuqaphela komzimba. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuzelapha ngokwakho akukufanele, sebenzisa izinto ezisuselwa kuma-geraniums engadini ngezinzuzo zezempilo kufanele unikezwe udokotela. Futhi, ama-decoctions angcono ukungaphuzi asebekhulile.
