I-herbaceous perennial cimicifuga noma i-cohosh racemose eklanyiwe kusukela ngekhulu le-18. Ekhaya, eNyakatho Melika, izakhiwo zalo zokulwa nokuvuvukala nokuphulukiswa kwabesifazane bezaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Ku-pharmacology yesimanjemanje, ikhambi lekhambi le-herb lisetshenziselwa ukwenza izithako zokudla. Umuthi usetshenziswa kabanzi ekwelapheni izifo ze-gynecological.
Igama lesibili, elingathandeki lanikezwa igama lokuthi ngaphambili amaqabunga e-cohosh amnyama ayesetshenziswa njengesibulala-zinambuzane, okuthiwa iphunga laso elingathandeki lixosha izimbungulu. Le nsumansumane yabuye yachithwa kamuva.
Incazelo
I-Black cohosh iyisitshalo eside; ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, singafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5. I-peduncle ku-slice ikhombisa ukunqamula kwesikwele, okukuvumela ukuthi ukwazi ukumelana nesimo sezulu esinomoya ngaphandle kokulimala. Impande yokuphulukisa inesakhiwo esinamanzi, ihlumela elilula lokusuka kulo, lihambisana namaqabunga wesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi se-hue eluhlaza egcwele. Amaqabunga aphansi, atholakala emhlabathini esisekelweni se-peduncle, mude futhi ebanzi, kumatholethi ahlukile, ahlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili noma ezintathu. Ukuhlelwa kwamapuleti kungenye indlela, ngamunye wabo angafinyelela ku-12 cm, inani eliphelele esitshalweni lifinyelela izingcezu ezingama-70, okwenza i-tsimitsifugu ibe yinhle futhi yinhle.
Isikhathi sezimbali sihlala ihlobo lonke. Entwasahlobo sekwephuzile, kwakhiwa ibhulashi (inflorescence) yobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele, ifinyelela kumitha. Kamuva, kuqhamuka izimbali, zibonakala ngephunga elingathandeki eliheha izinambuzane ze-scavenger. Izimbali ezimhlophe fluffy. Ukuhlukaniswa kwenani lezicucu ezi-4 kusheshe kubhoboke, kushiye imisindo eminingi yohlobo olunokhilimu. I-petal uqobo lwayo incane kufika ku-0.3 cm ubukhulu. I-Pestle enesihluku esikhulu esinophahla sinika i-ovary eyodwa kuphela.
Okuthakazelisa kakhulu isithelo, ibhokisi elingafika ku-10 cm ngosayizi liqukethe imbewu ecishe ibe ngu-7-10. Ebusika, lapho isimo sezulu sinomoya, lesi sitshalo senza umsindo ohambisana noxhaxha, ngakho igama lesiNgisi kotshani lihunyushwa ngokuthi “Ukhula lwakhula ngengubo”.
Lesi sitshalo sihlala emithambekeni yemifudlana, osebeni lwemifudlana, emabhasini, ezindaweni ezinomswakama omanzi.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo ze-cohosh emnyama enezithombe ezinamagama
Ngaphezu kwezakhiwo zokwelapha, i-tsimitsifuga inezimfanelo eziphezulu zokuhlobisa. Kusetshenziswa abaklami bemvelo kanye nabahlali behlobo. Namuhla, okungenani izinhlobo eziyi-15 zesitshalo ziyaziwa, zihlukile ngosayizi wesihlahla, ukuphakama kwawo kanye nezimbali zezimbali.
Izinhlobo zasendle:
Bukaisikhathi sezimbali, ukuphakama | Incazelo, ukuphakama, isikhathi sokuqhakaza | Kushiya | Izimbali |
| Daurian | Alikho ngaphezulu kwamamitha. Julayi kuya ku-Agasti | Isiqu sinobuhanguhangu obunamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. | Ngopinki kancane. |
| I-Racemose | Cishe 2 m. Ehlobo lonke. | Isihlahla esibanzi esisekelweni esinobubanzi obungafika ku-60 cm. Kushiya nesiqu sombala oluhlaza ogcwele satjani. | Imbali emhlophe enama-cream stamens. |
| Elula | Kufika ku-1 m Agasti-Septhemba. | Umbala wamaqabunga nesiqu ungumbala wasendulo, oluhlaza okotshani. | I-inflorescence drooping ngamacembe amhlophe. |
| Amamatheke | Phezulu, kuze kufike ku-2 m. | Amahlamvu aluhlaza omnyama, iziqu ze-pubescent kanye ne-peduncle. | Okumhlophe. |
Abafuyi batshise izinhlobo ezintsha zezitshalo, ezinye zezitshalo zasendle zatshalwa futhi zakha izinhlobo ezithandwayo ngokusekelwe kuzo.
Uhlobo, isikhathi sezimbali, ukuphakama | Izinhlobo | Kushiya | Izimbali |
Amagatsha. NgoSepthemba - Okthoba. Kufika ku-2 m | Atropurpurea | Ekwindla yokuqala, amaqabunga abomvu ansundu, kamuva aluhlaza. | Okumhlophe. |
| UJames compton | Izinhlobo ezintsha ezinamaqabunga ansomi onsomi. | Okumhlophe. | |
Frau herms I-Dwarf ihlukahlukene ifinyelela ku-0,4 m ukuphakama. | Luhlaza okotshani omnyama. | ||
| Isipikili epinki | Isiqu namaqabunga e-beetroot hue. | Okumhlophe nokubomvana. | |
| Elula. Agasti - Septhemba. | I-Armleuchter | I-peduncle enamagatsha anamandla ngombala oluhlaza. | Okumhlophe |
Brunette Kude, isiqu esingu-1.8 m. | Amaqabunga amakhulu aqoshiwe ane-hue brown-brown. | Ama-petals amhlophe anemibala ebomvu onsomi. | |
| I-Braunland | Amacembe neziqu zinsundu omnyama. | Imhlophe qhwa | |
| Qeda | Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kungekudala. I-Peduncle igobile kancane. Umdwebo omnyama onsomi. | ||
| IHillide emnyama Ubuhle | Umbala onsundu onsundu wamaqabunga, imigqa emi mpo. | ||
| Iparele elimhlophe | Amacembe aluhlaza okhanyayo neziqu. Izindiza zezimbali ezingefani. | Ama-inflorescence amakhulu amakhulu aluhlaza. | |
| Inhliziyo. NgoJulayi - Agasti. Ukufika ku-1.5 m. | Musa ukuphuma | Isiqu siyindilinga, siluhlaza okhanyayo, amapheshana asesimweni senhliziyo, aqoshwe. | Imhlophe. |
IsiJapan Kufika ku-2 m | Ithafa | Amacembe aluhlaza omnyama neziqu. | Isiliva noma ukhilimu. |
| ICompacta | Ukusakazeka kuze kufike ku-0,6 m. | Izimbali ezinkulu kufika ku-2 cm. Ukhilimu okhanyayo. | |
| I-European. | Musa ukuphuma | Amaqabunga nokudubula kuluhlaza okhanyayo; i-peduncle embozwe izinwele ezimpunga. | Le mbali imhlophe inama-stamens amaningi emilenzeni emide. |
Abaqambi be-Landscape bavame ukusebenzisa i-cohosh emnyama ngokuhambisana nezinye izitshalo, igcwalisa kahle noma ikuphi ukwakheka, isuka ngokushesha. Izinhlobo ezinde zivame ukusetshenziswa njengamatshe othango nanjengesizinda sezitendi ezimile. Lapho uklama izilayidi ze-alpine, ezisebenziseka kalula yizinhlobo eziphansi. Iqabunga elihle eliyinkimbinkimbi yesihlahla ngokwalo lingasebenza njengomhlobiso wensimu, inhlanganisela yezinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry (Elstead) ne-ulethisi (i-European) ibukeka imangalisa kakhulu. Ukuhlobisa ngezitshalo namachibi. Lapho uyitshala eduze echibini, ukwakheka kwama-mosses nezinye izitshalo zekhava kuzohambisana kahle.
Ukutshala kwe-cohosh emnyama emhlabathini
Ubuhle be-tsimitsifuga abukhombisi ngamagama ayo, amaJalimane kuphela ayekwazi ukuveza izakhiwo zokuhlobisa zesitshalo, asibiza ngokuthi "amakhandlela esiliva". Bakhule emhlabathini ovulekile. Isiko elingabekezeleleki alidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, alwesabi umthunzi nokudangala.
Ukutshala ngaphansi kwezihlahla kuyinto engathandeki; kufanele kube nesikhala samahhala esiseduze kwesihlahla. Lapho ukhetha indawo yombhede wezimbali, naka izindawo ezivikelwe umoya. Lokhu kungenxa yokuphakama kwe-peduncle ezinhlotsheni eziningi, ngama-gust aqinile, ihlumela lingaqhuma.
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala intwasahlobo nokwindla. Inhlabathi ye-cohosh emnyama kumele ivundiswe. Bumba umgodi ngokujula okungabi ngaphezu kwama-30 cm, usakaze into egcwele phansi bese utshala isihlahla. Kuyadingeka ukugcina umswakama ophezulu, lesi sitshalo akuyona eyomile futhi singafa. Amacembe abanzi ngaphansi kwesisekelo sesihlahla aphazamisana omunye nomunye ekutshaleni okuseduze, kunconywa ukuthi kugcinwe ibanga elingaba amasentimitha angama-60. Izakhi ezinobuthi zotshani ziyaziwa, ngakho-ke kufanele zigeze izandla zazo ngemuva kokuxhumana nazo.
Ukufakelwa kwe-tsimitsifuge akudingeki; izizwa imnandi endaweni eyodwa kuze kube iminyaka engama-20.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-cohosh emnyama
Isiko elingabekezeleleki linikeza abalimi injabulo:
- Ukugcina inhlabathi enomswakama kahle akuyona inkinga. Ezikhathini ezishisayo nezomile, ukuthambisa kuvame kakhulu, eduze kokuphela kwesizini, ngo-Okthoba - kuyancishiswa.
- Kunconywa i-cohosh emnyama ukumboza ezansi kwezimpande ngesendlalelo samaqabunga, lokhu kusiza ukugcina umhlabathi umswakama futhi kuvimbele ukubonakala kokhula.
- Uma kungenanhloso yokuqoqa imbewu, khona-ke ama-inflorescence omisiwe kumele anqunywe.
- Izinhlobo ezinama-peduncle aphezulu anconyelwa ukuba ziboshwe. Abalimi basebenzise izikhonkwane ezicocekile, eziyisisekelo ezicishe zingabonakali ekwakhiweni kwento yonke.
- Ukulungiselela ubusika kuqala ngokunquma iziqu. Ngemuva kwalokho isiza sokukhula simbozwa ngesendlalelo esiminyene sezinaliti noma amaqabunga awile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Umhlabathi ovundiswe kahle yilokhu okudingwa yilolu hlobo lwesitshalo. Lapho utshala emgodini, umquba kanye nesihlabathi empeleni ziqhutshwa ngesilinganiso esingu-7: 3. Ngenkathi yesizini, i-cohosh emnyama kufanele iphinde yenziwe kabusha kube kanye futhi ikwenze iminyaka emi-3 ngemuva kokutshala; emazingeni aphambilini, isitshalo asiludingi usizo.
Umanyolo uphathwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Izingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen, potassium ne phosphorus kufaneleke kangcono.
Ukuzala
Kunezindlela ezintathu i-tsimitsifugu ezalwe ngazo: ukuhlwanyela imbewu, ukusika, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla. Indlela ngayinye inezimpawu zayo, kepha umphumela uhlala uqinisile ngenxa yokuthi le nhlobo isondelene nokhula kunezitshalo ezitshaliwe.
Indlela elula ibizwa ngokuthi ukwahlukanisa. Entwasahlobo, bmba isihlahla okungenani iminyaka eyi-6. Leli hlathi lihlukaniswe ngokucophelela kusuka kusitshalo esiyinhloko, umthombo wezinto ezibonakalayo utshalwe endaweni yawo. Isithombo sifakwa esitsheni esine-stimulator yokukhula bese kuthi ngemuva kwesikhashana sidluliselwe ebhodweni elinomhlabathi wendawo yonke. Isithombo sigcinwa sifudumele size siqale ukukhula. Ngemuva kwalokho bayidlulisela endaweni ehlala njalo ebangeni lezimbali.
Ukuzisika nakho kulula. Iqabunga elingaphansi lithathwe esitshalweni sikamama, kubalulekile ukuthi kube nocezu lwamagxolo abantu abadala ku-petiole. Isithombo sidonswa ngenhlabathi endaweni enomswakama futhi embozwe ngebhodlela lepulasitiki.
Ukuhlwanyela i-cohosh emnyama kudinga ulwazi oluthile. Imbewu kumele isetshenziswe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqoqwa, khona-ke ukuhluma kuzoba kuhle. Uma beshiywe kwisizini edlule, bakulungele izinyanga eziyi-6 ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela:
- Izinyanga ezi-3 zigcinwe ekushiseni kwe- +20 ° C;
- yonke enye inkathi ngo-+4 ° C.
Noma ngabe iyiphi indawo, umhlabathi ovulekile noma imbali yezimbali, amahlumela okuqala angalindelwa ngaphambi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kamuva. Lapho utshala, awudingi ukumanzisa inhlabathi kakhulu, imbewu ibola. Ukukhula okusha okukhule ngale ndlela kuzoqhakaza okokuqala iminyaka emi-3.
Isifo
Isithombo sokhula emvelweni nasengadini sigcine isimo saso. Ukungavikeleki okuphezulu kwe-tsimitsifugi kwenza isiko licishe lihlaselwe. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi angagula.
Izinambuzane ezithinta ihlathi zisuswa ukwelashwa kwezinambuzane. Yisiphi isidakamizwa esizosiphuca esizoyiswa esitolo, kusukela ngohlobo lwegciwane.
Ukulimazeka kwezimpande kwenzeka ngomswakama ngokweqile emhlabathini. Kulokhu, susa ungqimba oluvikelayo lwamahlamvu amboze indawo yezimpande, futhi unciphise ukuthambisa.
UMnu Dachnik uyancomela: izakhiwo zokuphilisa ze-tsimitsifugi
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, i-rhizome yesitshalo ibisetshenziselwa ukwelapha. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunemiphumela emihle kakhulu yokwehlisa izinhlungu zabasebenzi futhi, uma kunesidingo, kulungiswa umjikelezo kwabesifazane.
Namuhla, isibalo sezifo eziphathwa yi-cimicifuga sibanzi kakhulu, izakhiwo ezinenzuzo zifundwa kakhulu. E-China, imbiza ichazwa njenge-anti-inflammatory, ukuqeda izinhlungu zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene futhi yehlise izinga lokushisa. Izakhiwo ezaziwa ngokuthi antitussive kanye antirheumatoid zezimpande zalesi sitshalo. Nikeza umuthi kanye nesifo sikashukela, isifo sezinso, iziguli ezinesifo sezinzwa ezinqunyiwe zichazwa njenge-sedative. Emkhakheni wezokwelapha nge-hormonal, umuthi usetshenziselwa ukwengeza ibhalansi yama-estrogens futhi uvuselele ukukhiqizwa kwawo.
Sebenzisa i-cohosh emnyama njengomuthi, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi iziqu namaqabunga anobuthi. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezibandakanya ukukhishwa kwezitshalo kuvunyelwe kuphela njengoba kuyalelwe ngudokotela ohambele futhi ngaphansi kokulawulwa okuqinile. Kunezindlela eziningi zokuphikisana okudingeka wazi mayelana:
- ukuzwela kuzakhi noma ukusabela komzimba;
- ukukhulelwa nezikhathi zokuzala:
- izimila zemvelo ehlukahlukene ngokuncika okuqondile kokuqukethwe kwe-estrogen;
- isifo sesibindi.
Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zasokhemisi ezisuselwa ku-tsimitsifugi: u-extracts owomile nowomile, izimpuphu, amaphilisi, amaphilisi.
Ukuzilawula kwezidakamizwa ngezinhloso zokwelapha akuvunyelwe nakancane. Ukubonisana nodokotela kuyadingeka.
Amacala we-overdose nemiphumela emibi ayaziwa. Ukudlula umthamo kugcwala ikhanda nobuhlungu be-nausea. Kukhona ukwanda kwesisindo somzimba ezigulini ezithatha umuthi njalo. Ukungezwani komzimba nokuphazamiseka komgudu wesisu kuvame kakhulu.
