Ukutshala utshani ekwindla kuwumsebenzi obiza kakhulu. Ukuthola indawo eluhlaza eluhlaza ebusweni bendlu kuzodingeka uchithe isikhathi esiningi nomzamo womzimba. Ukubonakala "kaphephe" okuqediwe okutshalwe esikhathini ekwindla kuya ngezinto eziningi. Isikhathi sokugcina somhlangano singenye yazo. Isibonelo, e-Urals naseSiberia ahluke kakhulu. Ukuthola ukuhluma okufananayo, ukwazi imithetho eyisisekelo, akunzima. 
Umthombo: moydom.mos magaz
Izinzuzo nobubi bokutshala kwekwindla
Abalimi abaningi banesifiso sokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuhlwanyela utshani ebusika. Impendulo yalo mbuzo ilungile.
Kepha, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukuhlwanyelwa okwenziwe ekwindla kunezinhlangothi zombili ezinhle nezingalungile. Umgcini wegadi, onqume ukutshala utshani ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka, ngeke alinde kuze kube yilapho inhlabathi isifudumele.
Utshani obandayo buyamelana kakhulu nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe, imiphumela emibi yama-parasites, izifo ezithathelanayo nezingatheleleki.
Ngenxa yokuncibilika kweqhwa entwasahlobo nokungabikho kokushisa, utshani buzoba nesikhathi sokugcwala umswakama, ozoba nomphumela ozuzisayo ekubukekeni kwawo. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ukhaphethi oluhlaza uzothola ukutholakala kwabantu okufanele.
Izitshalo zokhula azikwazi ukulimaza kakhulu utshani, ngakho-ke uhlelo lwazo lwezimpande ngesikhathi "sokuvusa" lwazo selivele lwakhiwa futhi lukhula lube namandla.
Ukulungiswa kwesembozo senhlabathi akuthathi isikhathi esiningi. Kulokhu, ohlala ehlobo ekwindla ngemuva kokuvuna "izandla ezingenantambo." Ngeke kudingidwe phakathi kokutshala ezinye izilimo notshani, ngakho-ke, uzowuhlanza ngesineke ucezwana lwensimu, athathe isikhathi sakhe ukwenza yonke imisebenzi edingekayo yezolimo nokuhlwanyela imbewu.
Izimo zesimo sezulu ezimeni eziningi zivumela ukwenziwa kwengca eluhlaza. Imbewu ngisho noma kungekho ukuthambisa okuvundayo kuyoqhuma ekwindla ngokushesha okukhulu kunasentwasahlobo. Amahlumela amasha ngeke aqhamuke, njengoba ilanga lingasashisi.
Ungakhohlwa nge-Cons:
- Uma isimo sendawo singalingani, ubungozi bokufakelwa kokutshala busezingeni eliphakeme impela.
- Amahlumela angafa ngenxa yamaqhwa aqandayo. Izigxobo ze-bald ezakhiwe njengomphumela ziqedwa ngokuzithoba okuyingxenye.
Izici nesikhathi sesikhathi sokutshala kwasekwindla
Itshani lingatshalwa ekuqaleni kwekwindla (kuze kube ngu-Okthoba 15) nasebusika. Esimweni sokuqala, kusasele izinsuku ezingama-45 zokuqalwa kohlelo lwezimpande. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukukhula okuncane kuzoba nesikhathi sokushintsha kube ikhaphethi yotshani obukhulu. Uma ingxenye yomhlabathi ingaphezulu kuka-10 cm, utshani kuzodingeka busikwe. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izilimo zingalahleka ngenxa yamafrimu asebusuku.
Ukuhlwanyela utshani ebusika, uzothola amahlumela wokuqala ngo-Ephreli. Njengoba ukhethe isikhathi kusuka ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kuya ekuqaleni kukaNovemba wokutshala ukhaphethi oluhlaza, kuyodingeka ukuthi uqoqe kabili ngenani lembewu (ama-30 m2 kufanele abe okungenani ne-1.5 kg yezinto zokutshala).
Njengomphumela wokuhlukana okungokwemvelo, imbewu ebuthakathaka izokufa, futhi imbewu eqinile izokhula ngokushesha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukukhulisa izinga lokushisa komoya ku-5,5 C kuzokwanela.
Uma isimo sezulu esifundeni sishubile, ama-plantings kufanele ambozwe ngamagatsha we-spruce noma Peat.
Ukulungiswa kwesiza
Okokuqala udinga ukunquma ngezinkomba eziphambili zenhlabathi.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi lo kube ngumhlabathi othambile, i-acidity yawo ihluka kusuka ku-6.5 kuya ku-7. Uma imingcele idlulwa ngokugqamile, inhlabathi ivundiswa ngesibabule somhlabathi. Uma i-pH ingaphansi kwe-6, inhlabathi ayithathi hlangothi nge-lime ne-ash ash.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, umanyolo wethulwa emhlabathini, ohlanganisa i-potassium ne-phosphorus. Zombili izithako ziyadingeka ohlelweni lwezimpande ngesikhathi sokukhula. Kunconywe ukulahla umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen, ngoba le ngxenye isheshisa ukukhula kotshani.
Insimu yasekhaya ilungiselelwe ukutshala utshani ngokuya nge-algorithm elandelayo:
- Ikhululekile emgqonyeni kadoti, ezingadini ezingadingekile, ukhula.
- Bumba, ungakhohlwa ukuhlanza izimpande namatshe atholakele.
- Inhlabathi ye-Clay iyakhululwa bese isihlabathi siyanezelelwa kuyo; i-humus noma umquba usetshenziselwa ukucebisa isihlabathi. Uma amanzi asemhlabathini esondele kakhulu ebusweni, uhlelo lwamanzi luzodingeka.
- Balima umhlaba ngama-herbicides. Uma isiza singasetshenziswanga isikhathi eside kakhulu, inqubo kufanele iphindwe kabili.
- Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, aqala ukuqondanisa. Izindundulu ziyahlanzwa, izimbobo zilele. Indawo ebushelelezi yotshani, yehlisa amathuba okutshala imbewu entwasahlobo.
- Roll away, compact bese uchithe ikhava yenhlabathi. Ngenqubo yokugcina, sebenzisa isifutho.
Ngaphambi kokukhetha ingxube yotshani yokutshala, umlimi kufanele anqume uhlobo lwotshani. Kungaba:
- ezemidlalo. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kumelana nengcindezi yemishini. Ukwakheka kwengxube kuvame ukufaka i-meadow bluegrass ne-fescue ebomvu;
- phansi komhlaba. Kubhekwa njengezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu. Ikhaphethi yomkhosi lenziwa ngokudutshulwa kwensimu-yensimu, eye-blue grass, ne-ryegrass yangemuva. Ochwepheshe batusa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhambi ezinhlobo ezifanayo;
- umhlambi. Kuboniswa ngokwanda kokumelana kwengcindezi. Ngokuhlwanyela, kukhethwa imbewu yezitshalo ezinjenge-bluegrass, i-clover, i-timothy;
- Moyiseni. Lolu hlobo lotshani lufana nendawo yokuqhakaza.
Kepha, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi lapho utshala ekwindla, ukhetha utshani, kufanele unikeze amandla okulwa nesithwathwa nemelana nokushisa ngokweqile. Lokhu kufaka: i-meadow bluegrass, i-fescue ebomvu, i-sawland nyembamba.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yotshani ekwindla
Utshani kufanele utshalwe esimweni sezulu esipholile nesolile. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, inhlabathi kumele ifafazwe kusuka ku-humidifier, uma kungekho mvula.
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokufika:
- ngesandla. Lapho utshala ngezandla zakho, umlimi ngeke adinge imishini ekhethekile. Ukuze utshani buhlangabezane nakho konke okulindelwe, kubalulekile ukusabalalisa ngokulinganayo imbewu phezu kwendawo ebekelwe isiza;
- usebenzisa i-seeder. Inqubo ayithathi isikhathi esiningi. Kuzofanele uzingcwilisa imbewu ngokwakho;
- ngokusebenzisa i-hydraulic seeder. Inketho okufanele ikhethwe ukucubungula uzungu ngokungahambisani. Imbewu ithululelwa engxenyeni yezakhi, bese isatshalaliswa kuyo yonke insimu yekhaya. Okuwukuphela kwengozi yale ndlela yizindleko eziphakeme zemishini.
Ukubeka i-roll yotshani ekwindla
I-Rolled utshani buvame ukubekwa ezindaweni ezinemibala futhi ezifakiwe. Ukutshala isitoko kulungiselelwe ezindaweni zokugcina izingane ezikhethekile. Ngemuva kokusika, ingxenye engenhla yesodonga isongwe kahle futhi yathunyelwa ukuze ithengiswe. 
Umthombo: rostov.pulscen.ru
Inhlabathi yotshani icutshungulwa ngokwe-algorithm ejwayelekile. Ngokufakwa kwezendlalelo akufanele udonse. Isikhathi esiningi sizodlula ngemuva kokususwa, lapho ukhaphethi omubi uzothatha izimpande. Utshani kumele unkcenkceshelwe njalo.
Lapho uthenga utshani obusikiwe, umlimi kufanele ahlole umucu wakhe ngokucophelela. Izinga elihle lezinto ezibonakalayo lifakazelwa ukungabikho kotshani obhobozayo nezindawo eziyimpandla, uhlelo oluyimpande oluqinile. Ubukhulu bengqimba abunakuba ngaphansi kwamasentimitha ayi-10. Ingxube yotshani iyakhethwa, igxile ezimeni zenhlabathi kanye nezimo zezulu.
