I-Beetle-bronzovka yamuva yaba yinhloko yabalimi nabalimi. Sekuyisikhathi eside kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi le nambuzane enhle engavamile nge-emerald iyimaphiko futhi isisu yisifo esiyingozi. Into ethandwa nguye yizimbali zezihlahla zezithelo, imifino nezitshalo zokuhlobisa. Futhi ukhetha izimbali ezinhle kakhulu, uzidla eziphakathi. Indlela yokubhekana nale nkathazo?
I-bronze yegolide: incazelo yezinambuzane
I-beetle ye-bronze, noma i-bronzovka, ingokwesimo sezinyosi zomndeni we-platyla, we-genus ceonia, okusho ukuthi "i-metal beetle". Izazi ze-biologist zihlukanisa okungenani ama-subspecies amahlanu we-beetle, ngalinye lalinokungafani okuphindaphindiwe ekubukeni kwe-subspecies esemqoka. Ngakho-ke, ubude be-oblong oval oval body of beetle bungaba kusuka ku-1.3 cm kuya ku-2.3 cm. Zonke izinambuzane zalolu hlobo zinezimpawu zokumba iminyango kanye nezintuthwane, ezifihlekile ekhanda ngaphansi kwesihlangu samathambo. Isici sesici se-bronze yegolide yisembozo se-emerald green metallic chitin.
Uyazi? Eqinisweni, umbala we-beetle umnyama. Kodwa-ke, isakhiwo se-chitinous coating siyinkimbinkimbi, ukukhanyisa ukukhanya. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokudlala kwemisebe evezwe esihlokweni, ubuso bubumba u-emerald obuluhlaza, obomvu obomvu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ne-blue tint. Ukuchithwa okunjalo kubizwa ngokuthi i-optical noma yesakhiwo.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kanye nezici zesimo, lesi sinambuzane sivame ukubhekwa ngokuthi yi-Maybot eluhlaza. Abangabomndeni ofanayo, kodwa kumagenja ahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ukubiza lezi zinambuzane ezimbili ngegama elilodwa akulungile. Ikakhulukazi njengoba bephethe ukuziphatha okuhluke ngokuphelele.
Ngakho-ke, i-bronzovki isebenze ngokushisa kwesimo sezulu esifudumele, nakuba ngalesi sikhathi singancipha. Ngelanga elishisayo elifudumele, bahamba besuka ehlathini baya emhlathini noma kusukela embali kuya embali. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi asinaso isikhathi sokuhamba futhi ahlasele umuntu ohambayo noma isilwane. Bawela emhlane wabo bese bebuya emuva ngokungazelelwe.
Uyazi? Labo abathi i-beetle eluhlaza ifana ne-beetle yamaMeyi, kuyasiza ukwazi umehluko endizeni yezinyosi. Ngakho-ke, uma indiza yaseMeyi iphakamisa i-elytra, bese ibhedu ihlala ngemuva, ikhuphuka kancane. Ikhulula amaphiko ezinhlangothini ngendlela ekhethekile emaphethelweni. Ayikho enye i-bug eyaziqhayisa isakhiwo esinjalo.
Isikhathi somsebenzi ku-beetle siqala kusukela ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo futhi singapheli izinyanga ezingu-4.5, kuye ngokuthi isifunda. Uma lolo suku lube yisimo sezulu esibi, izinambuzane zegolide zethusi zihlala zingenalutho usuku lonke embuzweni, zihleli kuso ngezintambo zangaphambili nekhanda. Ebusuku naphakathi nesikhathi sezinkinobho ezibandayo, i-slides noma iwa phansi iphinde ikhiphe emhlabathini eduze kwesiqu kanye nomsuka wesitshalo. I-beetle ihlala kulo lonke elase-Eurasia, ngaphandle kwamahlane nezindawo zezintaba.
Izici zomjikelezo wokuphila we-bronze wegolide
Naphezu kwezici ze-anatomical zezinambuzane, Umjikelezo wokuphila kwaleli bhungane elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka livamile. Njenganoma yikuphi ezinye izinambuzane, ihlasela kusukela eqandeni, bese ikhula ibe yi-larva, iphenduka i-pupa, lapho i-beetle elidala (i-imago) iphuma ngokushesha. Ubude balo mjikelezo buyiminyaka emibili.
Amaqanda amhlophe aphuzi alala emhlabathini wesifazane ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Izidleke ziyi-anthills, inhlabathi emnyama, izinqwaba zomquba. Ngemuva kwamaqanda-ukulala, abesifazane bafa, futhi emva kwamasonto ambalwa izimpungushe ezimhlophe ziqhamuka emaqanda. Bondla ezitshalweni zezitshalo nezimpande ezifile, abathandi izitshalo eziphilayo. Izibungu zamabhule zikhula ngokushesha, zifinyelela ku-6 cm ubude. Imilenze yakhe imfushane kakhulu, ngakho-ke isebenzisa imisipha yakhe emuva ukunyakaza, ukuhamba njengesikhumbuzo. Khona-ke izinqubo zayo zokuguqulwa ziqala: kuthatha ukuma kwe-C, ubeka izikhathi ezimbili bese uphenduka ophuzi.
Uyazi? Izimpungushe ze-beetle azikho nhlobo ezithakazelisayo ezintuthweni, futhi zibekezelela kalula indawo yazo endaweni yazo. I-Larva ikhetha ikhaya labo ukuze ibusika. Izimbiza nezimpungushe ziyazi ngalezi zici zobungane, ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ziqhekeza amahlumela ehlathini ukuze zifune izidlo ezinjalo njengezimpungushe ze-bhungane ezinamapulangwe.
Ebusika, izibungu ziwela emhlabathini ngaphansi komugqa wokuqandisa bese zizibopha ngesiqu. Yenziwe ngothuli, umhlaba kanye nenqwaba ekhethekile yokunamathela, okuyinto bona ngokwayo iphuma. Ngentwasahlobo, inqubo yokufundela iqala, futhi eduze kwasehlobo, izibungu ezikhulile zivela emthonjeni. Konke ihlobo kuze kube sekwindla bayondla, bese bagwa emhlabathini futhi ebusika lapho. Ngonyaka ozayo kuphela balungele ukukhulelwa nokubeka amaqanda.
Yimuphi umonakalo ensimini yethusi nasensimu
Kwanele ukwazi ukuthi i-bronzka idla ukuqonda ingozi engayenza engadini nasensimu. Ukwelashwa kwakhe okuthandayo kuyizimbali kanye ne-ovary esithambile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izithelo ezithambile zethamo zezithelo zezithelo. Ngezinye izikhathi amahlumela namaqabunga amancane asetshenziswa, kepha iningi le-beetle liyakuthanda ukukhuphuka emkhatsini wembali bese igoba izitho zalo zokubeletha - i-pistils ne-stamen. Kusobala ukuthi emva kwalokhu imbali izokoma, futhi akukho sizathu sokuphupha kwanoma yiziphi izithelo noma ubuhle bensimu.
Uyazi? Abalimi bezitshalo bathi i-beetle eluhlaza, igama elithi "ithusi" liyi-esthete enkulu. Ukhetha ukudla izimbali ezinhle kakhulu nezikhanyayo, ikakhulukazi pink futhi emhlophe pink. Uma engekho onjalo esiqhingini, ngeke alahle ezinye izintambo ezincane, kodwa uma engakhetha, uzozibamba ngalokhu kuqala.
Imiphumela yokuvakashelwa iyabonakala ngokushesha: izimbali ezinamaphiko nezinomile ezingenayo ingqikithi, izimbali ezindala ezinamabala aluhlaza namagundane awonakele, amaqabunga afakwe ipulazi eluhlaza. Abanye ochwepheshe baqinisekisa, beqaphela lokho I-Bronzovka ayikwazi ukulimaza kakhulu engadini noma engadini, njengoba ibonakala kusayithi emva kokulima kwezilimo zemifino nezithelo. Ama-beetles ngokwawo awahambanga njengezimpungushe, kanti lezi zilwane zidla kulokho abakutholayo kumquba. Kodwa izimbali zezitshalo ezinjalo azithuli neze. Njalo ngonyaka bamemezela impi yegolide kubhesi, ngezinye izikhathi bayaphumelela.
Bronzovka: indlela yokubhekana nenhlekelele
Ngeshwa Namuhla ayikho izinyathelo eziqinisekisiwe nezisebenzayo zokulwa nebhesi. Lezi zinambuzane zinezivande nemithi yezithelo emgqeni wethu maduzane, kanti ezinye izazi aziboni njengokusongela. Ngakho-ke, akukho ucwaningo olunzulu mayelana nezinyathelo eziphumelelayo zokulwa nalo olwenziwe. Kodwa abalimi nabalimi sebevele benombono wokuthi yini i-bronzovka futhi indlela yokubhekana nale nkathazo.
Kubalulekile! Ngenxa yokuthi izindlela zokulwa nazo azifanelekile ngokwesayensi, kungcono ukuzihlanganisa ukuze ukwandise ukusebenza kahle.
Indlela yezindlela
Okokuqala, kunconywa ukuba unikeze indlela yokusebenza yomzabalazo, ngoba iphephile kakhulu enhlabathini, izitshalo nezinye izinambuzane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula kakhulu ukuhlanganisa le beetle ngesandla ngenxa yokuziphatha kwayo. Ngesimo sezulu esibucayi, sinciphisa umsebenzi wayo futhi asivikeleki ngokuphelele. Kwanele nje ukwazi ukuthi ibhusi lensimbi legolide libukeka sengathi lihlangana kanjani ngesandla.
Kunconywa ukuba wenze lokhu kusasa ekuseni, lapho i-beetle isivele ikhuphuke emhlabathini iya embali, kodwa isesebusweni. Uma ekuseni kushisa futhi izinambuzane seziqalile kakade ukudla, izimbali zingahlanzwa ngamanzi abandayo. I-beetle isusiwe ezimpandeni noma ishukunyiswe kudoti olungiselelwe ngaphambili, uma ukuhlasela kukhulu. Izinambuzane ezihlanjululwayo zinconywa ukuthi zifakwe ku-canfelene.
Enye indlela - ntambama, lapho kukhanya, yibeke isibani phezu, futhi ngaphansi kwayo i-paraffini. Izimboni zizohamba ziya ekukhanyeni bese ziwela ebhange, lapho zifa khona.
Izindlela zomphakathi
Uma i-beetle ye-bronze igijimela ensimini eningi, izinyathelo zokulawula kufanele zibe yingozi nakakhulu. Izindlela zomphakathi zincoma ukuthi zishaye izitshalo ukwesabisa u-anyanisi, i-horseradish, i-garlic, umhlonyane, i-tansy, i-dandelion nezinye izitshalo ezinezinambuzane noma imihlambi.
Isibonelo, bathatha cishe ama-300 g wezimpande kanye nohlaza utshani lwe-horse, oluqoqwe ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, futhi luthelwa ngetitha lamanzi ashisayo. Ukuphikelela usuku - ezimbili futhi uphonsa izimbali ngokufaka ukumnika okwephukile kwensipho noma isipuni sesipuni. Ungenza ukumnika kwe-horse sorrel ngesilinganiso sama-30 g wezimpande ngetitha ngalinye lamanzi ashisayo (gcizelela amahora amathathu). Lezo zokwelashwa kufanele zenziwe njalo njalo ezinsukwini ezinhlanu.
Kubalulekile! Kwezinye izifunda, le nambuzane ibhalwe ohlwini lweBlack Book!
Ephumelelayo yi-ukumnika kwamapulangwe, lowo ngisho ne-Colorado mbatata beetle isaba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngamalitha amahlanu amanzi agcizelela isipuni somlotha cishe izinsuku ezimbili. Ngemuva kokungeza insipho efakwe ezindaweni ezithandayo zethusi. Ngoba ngezikhathi ezithile izimbali zisebenzisa umsi womfucumfucu, izipuni ezintathu ezihlakazwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi ngokufaka isepha.
Izindlela ezithandwayo kakhulu zomzabalazo - ukuzalisa izinambuzane zesitha, isikolo se-wasps. Insikazi yakhe ithola izibungu zethusi, iyimvimbela, futhi imbeke amaqanda. Ukudla kwezimpungushe ze-wasp yi-larva yethusi. Yiqiniso, kunzima ukusiza i-osam ukuthola izindawo zamaqanda okubeka.
Izindlela zamakhemikhali
Uma i-beetle yethusi yenza umonakalo omkhulu engadini noma engadini, izinyathelo zokulawula zingase zibe yingozi kakhulu. Kutuswa ukusebenzisa izinambuzane, isibonelo, lezo ezisetshenziselwa ukulwa ne-Colorado amazambane beetle. Kodwa kunconywa ukuba ungafaki izitshalo ngokwabo, kodwa inhlabathi ngaphansi kwazo futhi impela ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga. Phela, i-bronzovka, njengoba sikhumbula, ifihla emhlabathini ebusuku. Ukufafaza isitshalo esifanayo kusuka phezulu, ungalimaza izinyosi eziphezu kwezimbali zakho. Ungasebenzisa futhi izibulala-zinambuzane, uzilethe emhlabathini ebusuku kuze kufike ku-5 cm.
Kubalulekile! Noma iyiphi indlela yomzabalazo kufanele yenziwe ngokubambisana nomakhelwane. Uma kungenjalo izinambuzane ezivela kwisayithi yazo zizohamba nsuku zonke zibe ezakho, futhi zonke izinyathelo zokulwa nazo ziyoba yize.
Bronzovka golden: izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela kufanele zime umhlabathi ngokushesha emva kwebusika, ngoba izibungu ze-beetle zihlala phansi emhlabathini, futhi ngasentwasahlobo zihamba zisondela phezulu. Kulokhu kubanda kubo kuyonakalisa. Futhi, izibungu zithanda izinqwaba ze-humus, amaqabunga awile futhi aphelile, izinkuni ezibolile, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi akukho lutho olungahle kusayithi lakho.
Abaningi abasazi igama le-beetle elihlaza, elithokozisa iso nge-emerald yalo yama-iridescent, kodwa kubangela ukulimala okungenakuqhathaniswa nezimbali ensimini. Ngokudabukisayo, akusekho izinyathelo eziphumelelayo zokulwa nobhedu lwegolide. Kodwa uma ushiya umphathi wakhe esakhiweni, ungalahlekelwa isivuno sezithelo zezitshalo bese uthola ingadi engabonakali ngokuphelele. Ukudla kwezinambuzane enhliziyweni yezimbali ezibucayi, i-gnawing ovaries. Nokho Ezinye izinyathelo zokulawula zingasiza ukunciphisa inani lezilokazane kusayithi.
