I-currants ingatholakala cishe kuyo yonke ingadi, njengoba ibheji ethandwa kakhulu. Leyo currant emnyama iyathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabanye (obomvu negolide). I-currant emnyama inamavithamini amaningi futhi idlula ama-strawberries ngezikhathi ezingu-5 ekuhlungeni kwawo, izithelo ze-citrus ngezikhathi ezingu-8, ama-apula nama-pears izikhathi ezingu-10, namagilebhisi izikhathi ezingaba ngu-100.
Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwevithamini C emakhaleni amnyama kwenza kube amajikijolo alusizo kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ama-berries omnyama ama-currant agcina i-vitamin C ngisho nalapho iqhutshwa. Ungabaqhwaza, ukhiphe ijusi kuzo, wenze ujamu, ugaye ushukela, njll.
Ngakho, i-currant emnyama ibe yinye yamajikijolo afunwa kakhulu futhi ethandwa. Kodwa ukuze uhlume kahle i-currant ehlathini lakho bese ulinda amajikijolo, ukwandisa isivuno sama-black currants esihlahleni, kufanele wazi imithetho yokutshala nokuyinakekela.
Uyazi? Ezweni lakithi, i-currants emnyama yaqala ukukhula ekhulwini le-XI njengezitshalo zokuhlobisa. Ekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa baqaphela izici zokwelapha amajikijolo, futhi baqala ukusebenzisa amagatsha e-currant wetiyi.
Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-currants ezimnyama
Ukuze ukhethe izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu ze-currant emnyama, kufanele ucabangele izici zayo:
- imigomo yokuvuna amajikijolo;
- ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane;
- ukuthi likhuthazelela kanjani amaqhwa nesomiso.
Kungcono ukhethe ama-currants, ugxile esifundeni ohlala kuso. Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu ze-currants:
- I-Pearl - I-currant emnyama yokuqala. Izihlahla ziphakathi, zine amaqabunga amakhulu. Amajikijolo ayinkulu futhi amnandi. Ukumelene nesithwathwa nesomiso, izinambuzane nezifo. Ukunakekelwa okungenakuzithoba.
- Sophia - I-currant yasekuseni. Amajikijolo ayinkulu, afanana nesimo se-oval, isikhumba sinyene futhi sithobekile. Ungasheshi emva kokuvuthwa. Phakathi kwe-berry kuyinto eluhlaza, ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kuyomuncu. Ukulwa nesomiso, izinambuzane nezifo.
- Jubilee Copan - ibanga lesikhathi sonyaka se-blackcurrant. Izihlahla zilinganiselwe, zihamba kancane. Amajikijolo ayindilinga futhi avuthwe ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kumuncu, kugcinwe isikhathi eside. Isihlahla simelana nokubandayo nesomiso. Enye yezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo.
- I-Pygmy - phakathi nonyaka-phakathi kwe-dessert black currant. Amajikijolo ayinkulu futhi amnandi. Ihluke ngokuthi ibukeka kakhulu futhi idinga ukunakekelwa okungeziwe. Ukulwa nezifo kanye nezinguquko zokushisa.
- Ubuhle beLviv - i-currant ebomvu sekwephuzile. Ukuphakama kwesibhakabhaka, kuhlumela okukhulu futhi kuqondile. Amajikijolo amancane, aqhakaza ngomunandi omnandi omuncu. I-fresh fresh kakhulu.
- Kunamandla - ibanga elivuthiwe. Izithelo zinkulu futhi zinomzimba. Izinhlobonhlobo zidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kanye nomanyolo. Kuvame ukubekezelela ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
- Umuntu ovilaphayo - isikhathi esivamile sokuvuthwa. Kubonakala amajikijolo amnyama omnyama, amakhulu. Ukukhiqiza kuphansi, kodwa kungenziwa ukwanda ngosizo lwempova.
- I-Mermaid - i-grade yokuqala ye-currant. Amajikijolo anesikhumba esincane, amnandi. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyamelana nokubandayo, izifo nezinambuzane. Amajikijolo ahlukile ukuthi angagcinwa isikhathi eside.
- Dar Smolyaninova - ezihlukahlukene zakudala. Izihlahla ziphakathi, zikhulu. Amaqabunga amakhulu, aphikisiwe. Amajikijolo afinyelela ku-2.8-5 g. Izifo eziphikisanayo (izinso zesilwane, isikhumba se-powdery, njll). Umkhiqizo we-currant omnyama onesihlahla yi-2 kg nokuningi.
Inani elilodwa le-currant elimnyama kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-15. Ngamunye unezici zakhe siqu.
Kubalulekile! Uma ukhetha, kubalulekile ukucabangela imigomo yokuvuthwa, ukunambitheka, ukuqina kwesikhumba, ukumelana nokukwazi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, izifo nezinambuzane.
Ukutshala i-currant emnyama
I-currant emnyama yenza isivuno seminyaka engu-12-15. Unomvuno ocebile kakhulu iminyaka engu-6 noma engu-7.
Kungcono ukutshala izinhlobo eziningana ze-currants ukuze kutholakale impova. Ngakho-ke, uzothola izithelo ezinkulu nezitshalo eziphakeme.
Ukuhleleka kwesikhathi nokukhethwa kwendawo yokutshala izithombo
I-currant emnyama ingahlwanyelwa kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla. Kodwa kungcono ukuhlala ngasekupheleni kuka-September-Okthoba. Ngakho-ke, izithombo ziqiniswa kangcono, kanti entwasahlobo izoya ekukhuleni. Entwasahlobo kungcono ukutshala ngaphambi kokuvusa nokuhamba kwejusi.
Indlela yokukhetha isampula
Uma ukhetha isithombo, qaphela isimiso sehhashi: kufanele sibe nezimpande zamathambo nezicabha. Izimpande kumele zimanzi futhi zenziwe. Amahlumela aphezulu futhi aguquguqukile. Esikhathini esiluhlaza esiphundu sihlunga usayizi ovamile Uma zivuvukala, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sesikhaza sezinso.
Kungcono ukuthenga izithombo ekwindla. Bayazivumelanisa kangcono nezimo ezintsha futhi ngokujwayelekile bayothatha izimpande. Emva kokuthenga izithombo, faka izimpande zabo emgqonyeni wamanzi ukuze zingalimazi futhi zome ngesikhathi sokuhamba.
Indlela yokulungisa inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala
Inhlabathi kumele ibe ne-acidic, engathathi hlangothi (pH 5.0-5.5), evundile. Izihlahla ze-black currant zithanda ngempela i-loam. Kutshalwa eningizimu-ntshonalanga noma eningizimu. Isayithi kufanele ivuleke kahle futhi ivikeleke emoyeni.
Uma utshala i-currant entwasahlobo, lungisa inhlabathi ekwindla. Engeza ama-humus, umlotha wokhuni (1 l), u-superforce (100 g) ngamitha yendawo ngayinye. Ukutshala kwe-black currant kanje:
- lungiselela isakhiwo kusukela ekwindla / entwasahlobo;
- bamba inhlabathi futhi uhlanganise 1-10 7-10 kg humus;
- Lungisa umgodi wokufika emasontweni amabili. Engeza kuzo inhlabathi, superphosphate (2 wezipuni), umlotha othulini, 5 kg we-compost, ukugcwalisa umgodi ngo-2/3;
- ulinde umhlabathi ukuwa nokuqina;
- Thepha 1/2 ibhakede lamanzi emgodini;
- faka imbuto emgodini ekhoneni elingama-45 ° kuya ku-5 cm ejulile kunokuba likhule ngaphambi;
- uqondise kahle izimpande uphinde ufafaze umhlaba, i-compact;
- uthele ezinye izitshalo ezimbili zamanzi ngaphansi kwesithombo;
- emva kokutshala, u-prune amahlumela wezithombo, ushiya 2-3 efihlekile ngamunye.
Abalimi abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi yimuphi umnyaka emva kokutshala i-currants izithelo.
Ngingathanda ukuba aqale ukuletha amajikijolo iminyaka engama-2-3, kodwa lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngo-5-6 kuphela.
Isihlahla kufanele sithole amandla futhi sihlale ngokujwayelekile.
Ukukhula nokunakekela ama-currants abamnyama
Ukukhula nokunakekela ama-currants abamnyama kuyindaba elula. Udinga nje ukukhumbula emanzini, u-trim bese udla ngesikhathi.
Indlela yokunakekela inhlabathi
Inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla idinga ukumba kanye ne-mulch nge humus noma umquba. Ubuningi bomunyu buyi-5-10 cm. Uma ukhula luqala ukuvela nxazonke ze-currant, ususe masinyane ukuze angabhubhisi isihlahla ngezifo noma izinambuzane.
Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokusetshenziswa komanyolo kanye nomanyolo. Kungcono ukukhetha umanyolo okhethekile we-currants nge-addition of potassium. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto evulekile, emanzi, kodwa ngaphandle kokuqhuma kwamanzi, ukuze izimpande ze-currant zingaqali ukubola. Namanzi esihlahleni 1-2 izikhathi ngesonto, futhi ngezinsuku ezomile kakhulu nsuku zonke.
Ukusika izihlahla ezifanele kanye nokuhlelwa kwamahlathi
Sika isihlahla kufanele sibe sekuseni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuvela kwezinso, qiniseka ukuthi ususa amagatsha aphukile futhi awonakele (isibonelo, izifo noma umkhaza).
Ukuqeda isihlahla, unikeza ukukhula amahlumela amancane futhi uvimbele ukukhiqizwa kwezinambuzane.
Ukwakha isitshalo ngemuva kokutshala, amahlumela kufanele aqedwe minyaka yonke, ashiya kuphela 3-4 athuthukile futhi ngendlela efanele.
Kubalulekile! Uma isihlahla sithuthuka kabi, udinga ukusika amagatsha ama-skeletal 2-3 - lokhu kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa amahlumela asempande.
Ukwenza ukuphela kwesihlahla iminyaka engu-5. Uma wenza konke ngokufanele, khona-ke kuyoba namagatsha angu-10-15 ama-skeletal anezinhlawulo ze-lateral.
Ukuvuna
Amajikijolo omnyama we-currant avunwa ngesandla, ephula ibheri ngalinye. Kubalulekile ukuwaqoqa ngokunembile, ngaphandle kokulimaza futhi ngaphandle kwamagatsha.
Amajikijolo ama-black currant afakwa emathreyini, amabhokisini ebhokisi noma amabhokisi - khona-ke angeke agxilile futhi angavumeli ijusi. Emva kokukhetha amajikijolo, amahlumela kufanele athululelwe kakhulu futhi akhulule umhlabathi esakhiweni.
Kubalulekile! Ungakhohlwa ukondla izihlahla ze-currant. Izitshalo ezinezici ezilandelanayo zizosiza ukuthola isivuno esihle. Lokhu kuhle kakhulu kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ungasebenzisa isisombululo sezinyoni ze-droppings, urea, noma i-mullein. Sebenzisa umquba obunzima. Ukondla ama-currants isikhathi 1 ngesonto. Emva kokuvuna, yondla izihlahla nge superphosphate (100 g ezungeze esihlahleni), umlotha (200 g ezungeze isihlahla), noma ukugqoka okuphezulu okuphezulu.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-currant emnyama kusuka ku-frost
Ama-frost ayingozi kakhulu kuma-currants amnyama. Bangakwazi ukuthatha iningi noma yonke isivuno sakho.
Ukuze uvikele amahlumela kusukela emaqandeni asekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukuphonsa amahlumela kusihlwa ngamanzi noma ufake amanzi emathangi eduze kwawo. Ungakwazi futhi ukumboza izihlahla ze-currant ngamaphakethe amakhulu wephepha, indwangu noma ifilimu ekhethekile.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza i-currant
Abalimi abaningi abanamakhanda abo omnyama abakhula esiqhingini banquma ukuzisakaza ngokwabo. Kulula ukukwenza, kodwa kufanele ukhumbule mayelana nokutheleleka okungenzeka yizilokazane nezifo.
Qinisekisa ukuthi ukuzala ama-currants amnyama kufanele akhethe izihlahla eziphilile kakhulu nezithelo.
Cuttings
Uma unquma ukusabalalisa ama-currants ngokusika, khumbula ukuthi angatshala kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, kusukela ngo-September kuya ku-Okthoba.
Sika ama-cuttings kusuka emahlumela waminyaka yonke ngobukhulu obuyi-7 mm. Ukunqunywa kwenziwa nge-angi 45 °. Ubude bokusika buyi-20 cm. Ngobusuku, ama-cuttings kufanele abekwe emanzini futhi atshalwe ekuseni enhlabathini elungiselelwe. Batshala njengezithombo ezivamile, ngenkathi ziphuza ngokweqile.
Ukubeka
Izindla zanda ama-currants entwasahlobo. Ukukhula okuneempilo okunampilo kuhlanganiswe phansi, kufakwe emigodini elungiselelwe (ukujula okuphakathi kuka-5-7 cm) futhi ikhonjiwe nabakaki abakhethekile.
Ngemuva kokulala phansi kokulala. Njengoba kufika amahlumela angama-6-8 cm ubude, aqhubekela kuhhafu ukuphakama. Kudingekile ukuba unakekele njengama-saplings evamile.
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
Uma uhlukanisa isihlahla, kufanele kube sehlobo oluphakeme phezulu nomhlaba nge-humus futhi uqaphele umswakama walo lonke isikhathi kuze kube sekwindla.. Ekwindla, isihlahla kumele sitshalwe, sihlukanise amasokomenti ayenziwe ngezimpande futhi sitshalwe ngokwehlukana. Ungakhohlwa ngokuphuza nokutshala izihlahla ezintsha.
Uyazi? Awukwazi ukutshala ama-currants omnyama eduze nenyoni cherry, hawthorn, u-buckthorn, i-fennel noma ihisopi. Lokhu kungabangela izinambuzane ukuhlaselwa kwezihlahla. I-currant emnyama nomakhelwane wayo kumele babe nesimiso sezimpande zokujula okufanayo ukuze bangaphazanyane. Kungcono ukutshala ama-currants ngokwehlukana.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-currant emnyama
I-Currants isetshenziswe njengezitshalo zokwelapha isikhathi eside kakhulu. Amajikijolo aqukethe amavithamini C, B, P, A, E, pectin, phosphoric acid, iron, amafutha abalulekile.
Amaqabunga aqukethe isulfure, i-magnesium, i-phytocides, i-vitamin C. Zonke lezi zinto zisiza ekwelapheni izinqubo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni, ukulwa nomdlavuza nezifo zenhliziyo.
I-Currant iyasiza ngomkhuhlane. I-currant decoction inconywa ukuba iphuze ngezifo eziphefumulayo zokuphefumula nomkhuhlane. Ngenxa yobuningi bevithamini C, i-currant emnyama izosiza ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa nokukhulisa imishanguzo.
I-Vitamin P ikwandisa ukwanda kwemithambo yegazi futhi ivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosclerosis. I-Vitamin E iyasiza ekuhlanzeni nasekuthuthukiseni izigulane zesibindi kanye nezidakamizwa.
I-currant emnyama iyasiza kusuka ekucindezelekeni - kuyanciphisa futhi kusize ukuyigcina evamile. Amavithamini B ayazuzisa ubuchopho, inhliziyo nesistimu yezinzwa.
Izakhiwo eziyingozi ze-currant emnyama
Awunakudla ama-currants amnyama nge-thrombophlebitis ngenxa yokuthi okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-vitamin K. Currants kunqatshelwe kwi-gastritis, izilonda kanye nokuvinjelwa kwegazi okungenasifo, isibindi se-hepatitis. I-currant juice ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi, kanye ne-thrombosis.
Ijusi elihlanzekile lingabangela ukusabela kokugula, ngakho-ke kungadliwa kuphela kuhlanjululwa ngamanzi futhi kunomkhawulo okulinganiselwe.
Ngesikhathi ukhulelwe, kufanele futhi ushiye ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-currants ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-vitamin C. Ungayisebenzisa, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kwama-5-6 amajikijolo ngosuku.
Ngakho-ke, uma unquma ukutshala iberry elinjalo eliwusizo njenge-black currant esakhiweni sakho, kufanele ucabangele imithetho yokutshala nokuyilondoloza. Qinisekisa ukutshala nokunakekela izihlahla, ngisho noma zingakapheli izithelo. Lokhu kuzoba yisihluthulelo sokuvuna okukhulu esikhathini esizayo.
