Muraiya - okhulayo nokunakekelwa ekhaya, izinhlobo zezithombe

UMuraya (Murraya) - isihlahla esihlala sikhona esihlala njalo somndeni wakwaRutov, ezitholakala emvelweni eJapan, China, India nasePacific Islands, ziphila iminyaka engaphezu kuka-150 futhi zifinyelela ubude bamamitha ayi-7. Uma kunesimo sezulu esishisayo, lesi sitshalo siyatshalwa njengesihlahla sendlu. Izwe lase-muraya yisifunda esishisayo saseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.

Ekhaya, shrub ingakhula ize ifinyelele ku-1.5 m ukuphakama. Iziqu zalo kanye nezimpande zazo zihlotshiswe kakhulu, zimbozwe ngokhuni olubushelelezi ophuzi. Amahlamvu aluhlaza aluhlaza mancane futhi aminyene kakhulu, anomumo o-oval nendawo ebonakalayo. Izimbali mhlophe mhlophe ngokubabazekayo, ziqoqwe ngama-inflorescence ethukile. Ngokwesimo, zibukeka njengezimbali ze-orange. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, amajikijolo amajikijolo abomvu ansundu avela emithini.

Bheka nokuthi ungakhula kanjani isihlahla sikalamula ekhaya.

Izici ezinenzuzo ze-muraya

Ama-phytoncids aqukethe amaqabunga e-muraya anezinto ezibulala amagciwane, ahlanza ngokuphelele umoya wamagciwane wegciwane namagciwane. Izimbali ezinamakha ezithandekayo zesitshalo zandisa imizwa, zakha umuzwa wenjabulo nokukhanya endlini.

Ukuqhakaza kwe-muraya kuzohlobisa noma yiliphi igumbi, kungaba yigumbi lezingane noma isifundo, nephunga lawo elimnandi lizosiza ukujabula, ukucacisa imicabango nemizwa, kusebenze ukusebenza kwengqondo.

UMuraya: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Kafushane

UMuraya: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Ngokuningiliziwe

Izimbali murai

Isikhathi sezimbali zivame ukwenzeka ehlobo nasekwindla izinyanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimbali eziningi ezinamakha eziningi ziyaqhakaza kulesi simila ngamaphalishi amhlophe ansundu, am stamens amade aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nepayipi elikhanyayo eliphuzi.

Isikhathi sokuphila sembali ngayinye singamalanga amathathu, khona-ke endaweni yayo kuvela izithelo eziyindilinga ezinamanzi ezinesikhumba esibomvu ngokubomvu. Izithelo ze-muraya ziyadliwa: inyama yazo inokunambitheka okumnandi.

Ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza

Kuqhakaza kuphela ama-muraya bush amadala. Kodwa-ke, kwenzeka ukuthi isitshalo esithengwe esitolo sezimbali asiqhakaze, noma ngabe sesikhulile. Ngokunokwenzeka lokhu kwe-muraya kungokokukhethwa kwamaDashi, akunakwenzeka ukulinda ukuqhakaza kusuka ekhaya. Kulula ukuthola isitshalo esisha ngokusikhulisa kusuka kunzalo noma ukusika kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo eziqhakaza ngempela ezimweni zegumbi.

Imodi yokushisa

Ekhaya, isitshalo saseMuraya sithande izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lomoya (cishe + 25 ° C) ezinyangeni zasehlobo, kanye nokushisa okulinganiselayo (cishe + 17 ° C) ebusika. Esikhathini esishisayo, kubalulekile ukunikeza umswakama womoya owandayo.

Ukufafaza

UMuraiya uzizwa ekhululekile kakhulu ngomswakama olinganiselayo futhi ophansi impela, okujwayelekile ezindlini zasemadolobheni. Kodwa-ke, iyasabela nokufafaza amahlamvu. Inqubo yenziwa njengoba kudingekile, kusetshenziswa i-atomizer ehlukaniswe kahle namanzi athambile endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni.

Isitshalo kwesinye isikhathi singagezwa ngamanzi okugeza.

Isibani

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe okusebenzayo nokuqhakaza kwezimbali njalo, i-muraye idinga ukukhanya okukhanya okugqamile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugcina imbiza ngesitshalo efasiteleni eliseningizimu, uqiniseke ukuthi uzowuthatha amahlamvu ngamahora asemini ashisayo avela elangeni eliqondile.

Ukunisela uMurai

Kuyadingeka ukunisela iMuraya ngesikhathi sezitshalo ezisebenzayo kakhulu, igcina inhlabathi ebhodweni inomswakama. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, ukuchelela kuncishiswa kube okungenani okungenzeka, kepha noma ngalesi sikhathi abavumeli ukweqisa okuqinile komqondo wobumba.

Imbiza kaMuraya

Isitsha sokukhulisa i-muraya sikhethwa ukuthi sibe banzi ngohlelo lwempande yesitshalo, kepha ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimpande kufanele sigcwalise iningi lembiza (lapho imbiza ye-muraye incane, iqhuma kalula). Iziqongo lapho ama-toyimisidi amakhulu akhula khona kufanele abe esindayo futhi azinza ngokwanele ukuze izitshalo zingawa.

Inhlabathi

I-muraya yasekhaya ikhula kahle futhi ikhula endaweni engaphansi yezakhi zomzimba. Ingalungiswa ngokuzimela ngokuxuba ishidi kanye nenhlabathi ye-turf enesihlabathi (perlite) ne-peat (humus) ngokwesilinganiso se-1: 1: 1: 0.5.

Inhlabathi yezimboni yezitshalo zokuhlobisa izimbali nayo kufanelekile.

Umanyolo nomanyolo

Ukondliwa kwe-muraya kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhula kwayo okusebenzayo hhayi ngaphezulu kwezikhathi ezingama-1-2 ngenyanga, uma lokhu kungadingeki ngokuphuthumayo. Njengomanyolo, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-liquid okuhloselwe izitshalo zasendlini. UMuraya uphendula kahle ngokushintshwa kwezakhi zomsoco kanye nezimbiwa.

Ukufakelwa

Eminyakeni emithathu yokuqala yokuphila, izihlahla zitshalwa minyaka yonke entwasahlobo ngamabhodwe osayizi ofanele. Ukufakelwa kukaMuraya lapho esemdala kungancipha kaningi - njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3.

Ezimweni ezindala, ungabuyekeza kuphela ingaphezulu lengaphezulu.

Izihlahla

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-muraya kumele kufaka phakathi ukwakheka njalo kanye nokuthenwa kwendle. Ngesikhathi senqubo, amahlumela apical apical asuswa ukuze anikeze ubukhulu bomqhele nobukhazikhazi. Uma ukhula i-murayuu njengesihlahla, khona-ke kancane kancane kufanele ithungathe amagatsha aphansi angenasidingo kuwo wonke ubude bawo.

Umhlobiso weentyatyambo uhlupheka kakhulu uma amahlumela anamahlamvu kanye nama-inflorescence esuswa, ngakho-ke izihlahla kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu ngemuva kokuba izimbali ziwile. Izinhlobo ezincane ze-muraya azidingi ukuncitshiswa, kepha inqubo yokwakhiwa komqhele ngokuvamile ibekezelelwa ngaphandle kobuhlungu.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

UMuraiya akanaso isikhathi sokuphumula esiveziwe, kepha singenzeka ngokungakhethi: lapho ilanga lifiphala ngokuqala kobusika. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo kufanele sithuthelwe egumbini elipholile elinokushisa komoya okungu-+ 15 ° C, ukusinikeza ngokukhanya okuhle (ukuze amahlumela angaluli) nokunisela okujwayelekile kakhulu.

Kukhula uMuraya kusuka kwiMbewu

IMuraiya ekhaya isatshalaliswa kalula ngembewu entsha. Ngemuva kokuqokelelwa, aqale afakwe emanzini afudumele ukukhulisa ukuhluma, bese atshalwa ngokushesha emabhodweni ngamanye, angcwatshwe ngu-1.5 cm emhlabathini. Izitsha zimbozwe ngefilimu noma ngengilazi ukudala izimo zokugcina ukushisa.

Amahlumela avela ngokungalingani ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-1-1,5. Lapho izithombo zivela ngaphezu kwenhlabathi, amabhodwe kanye nawo adluliselwa endaweni ekhanyayo, emva kwenyanga enye angadliwa ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi. Izitshalo ezincane esezikhulile, lapho amaqabunga eqiniso angama-5-6 akha khona, zidluliselwa kumabhodwe amakhulu bese zibhekwa njengabantu abadala.

Ukusakazwa kwe-muraya ngokusika

Akulula, kepha kungenzeka, ukukhulisa isitshalo esisha kusuka ekusikeni kwe-muraya. Isihlahla sinqunywa entwasahlobo, sinqume amahlumela amancane aphakanyisiwe angenawo amaqabunga nezimbali ezingaba ngu-8 cm.Izihlahla zisikiwe kwisakhi esingamanzi esiqukethe i-peat nesihlabathi (perlite). Ukusheshisa ukwakhiwa kwesistimu yezimpande, ungaqala ukucubungula amaphuzu wokusika ngezimpande.

Ukhula lwensiza kunzima futhi luhlala amasonto ambalwa. Uma ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1-1,5 isiqu sesiqale ukukhula amaqabunga amancanyana kanye namahlumela amasha, kusho ukuthi sesiphumelele izimpande, futhi ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa ingathathelwa ebhodweni ngalinye.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

IMuraiya ayizethembi, kepha ezinye izinkinga zabalimi lapho zikhula zingaqhubeka zenzeke:

• amaqabunga aphansi e-muraya aphenduka aphuzi bese uwa imvamisa kwizinhlobo ezindala kakhulu - lena inqubo yemvelo yokuguga. Ukuthena okujulile kungasiza ekuvuseleleni isitshalo.
• Imiphetho yamaqabunga eMuraya uma isitshalo sishiswa elangeni ngqo. Amaqabunga anjalo kufanele asuswe ukuze angonakalisi ukubukeka kwesitshalo, ngokuzayo kumele abe nomthunzi kusuka elangeni lasemini.
• Amaqabunga eMuraya aphenduka aphuzi ngokuntuleka kwezakhi (ikakhulukazi, i-iron ne-magnesium). Isitshalo kufanele sondliwe ngomanyolo okhethekile oyinkimbinkimbi.
• Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani ngokukhanya okunganele noma ukuncipha kokugcinelwa kokudla emhlabathini. IMuraiu idinga ukondliwa futhi yathuthelwa egumbini elikhanyiselwe ngokwengeziwe.
• Amaqabunga nemihlumela ye-muraya iyawa, uma umbuso wokunisela wephulwa, futhi lokhu kungahle kuhambisane nokuswakama ngokweqile kanye nokuntuleka kwawo. Imvamisa kanye nenani lokunisela kufanele kulethwe kahle.
• Amahlumela amasha mncane ekukhanyisweni okungekuhle noma ekudleni okunomsoco. Inkinga ixazululwa ngokufaka umanyolo nokuhambisa isitshalo eduze komthombo wokukhanya.
• Izimpande zikaMuraya ziyabola - Lesi yisifo esibi - ukubola kwezimpande. Kunengqondo ukwelapha kuphela ezigabeni zokuqala: zonke izindawo ezithintekile kufanele zinqunywe, izimpande ezinempilo kufanele zifafazwe noma zigezwe kusisombululo se-fungicide. Fafaza izindawo zezilayi ngamalahle achobozekile, emva kwalokho lesi sitshalo sidluliselwe enhlabathini entsha. Isikhathi esithile, u-murayu udinga ukugcinwa emthunzini ukuze "abuyele empilweni" ngemuva kwenqubo.

Izinambuzane zingalimaza nempilo kanye nokubukeka kwezitshalo, phakathi kwazo: izibungu zesicabucabu, amabhulukwe amhlophe, ama-aphid, izinambuzane ezilinganayo, ama-mealybugs. Ama-insecticides anamuhla asiza ukuziqothula.

Izinhlobo zama-muraya asekhaya anezithombe namagama

UMurraya paniculata (Murray paniculata), Murraya exotic, "orange jasmine" (Murraya paniculata, Murraya exotica)

Onke amagama abhekisela ezinhlotsheni ezifanayo - i-muraiya ejwayelekile, evame kakhulu kwezimbali zasendlini. Isithombo esidala siyisihlahla esihlala siqhakaza, sinezimbali ezinamagatsha aqhakaza kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-1.5. Izimpande zaso ezinesibhakabhaka zimbozwe ngamaqabunga amaningi amakhulu anendawo ephakeme enendawo ecwebezelayo eluhlaza okotshani.

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kuphuma izimbali ezincane ezinombala omhlophe owodwa eziqongweni zeziqu, ziqoqwe ngama-inflorescence wesimo se-corymbal. Bakhipha iphunga elibukhali, kodwa elimnandi kakhulu futhi elimnandi, elifana nephunga lezithelo zikawolintshi. Kungenxa yesimo nephunga lezimbali ukuthi lesi sitshalo sibizwa nangokuthi i-orange jasmine.

UMuraiya uzimele ngokwakhe, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa eziqhakaza izimbali, kwakheka uhlobo oluncane lwezimbali endaweni yalo, isikhumba saso siba nsundu ngokubomvu lapho sivutha. Amajikijolo esitshalo angadliwa: ukunambitheka kwawo kumnandi.