Ukuthola umkhawulo wokuphelela komuntu akunakwenzeka. Phela, sizama njalo ukwenza ngcono hhayi thina kuphela, kodwa konke okusizungezile.
Mhlawumbe ngaphezu kwakho konke kuya emvelweni, esiye safunda ukulawula cishe ngokuphelele uma kuziwa ezitshalweni.
Ukukhethwa kanye nokuhweba sekuthinte cishe zonke izitshalo ezaziwa "ezifuywayo," ikakhulukazi amagilebhisi, ukutshala okuvele sekubalwa izinkulungwane zeminyaka.
Inqwaba enkulu yezinhlobo zezithelo zamagilebhisi zanamuhla ziyi-Author of A.V. Burdako. Mayelana nabo kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko.
Sizobuye sitshele mayelana nezici zokukhiqiza nokukhathazeka kwazo.
Umvini obomvu-obomvu Burdaka "i-Vatican": izici ze-varietal
Le amagilebhisi iyi-hybride e-interspecific eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ukusungula ifomu lomzali elingenakwenzeka. Omunye wamagilebhisi amahle kakhulu eBurdak, awakweleta ekuvuneni okuhle kwehlathini futhi amagilebhisi amakhulu.
Ama-brushes alesi sivini akuzona nje amahle futhi enhle, kodwa futhi amakhulu kakhulu. Isisindo sabo singahluka kusuka ku-0.5 kuya ku-1.5 kilogram. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isihlahla singakwazi ukumelana kalula nemithwalo enjalo yesitshalo, esivuthiwe ngokugcwele.
Kumele futhi uqaphele amajikijolo alezi ezihlukahlukene, ezingekho ngaphansi kwesayizi kumaqoqo.
Amaphesenti aphakathi kwe-berry eyodwa angama-2.5 x 3.2 amentimitha, ekhombisa ukuma kwawo okwehlukanisiwe, okwenziwe kancane. Isisindo sabo, ngokuqondene namagilebhisi, sithandeka kakhulu: kusuka ku-14 kuya ku-18 amagremu (nakuba amajikijolo amakhulu akhona futhi atholakele kahle ehlathini).
Ngokuqondene nokubonakala kwamajikijolo, kufanele uqaphele umbala wesikhumba. I-hue ebomvu-obomvu obomvu kumajikijolo ehlukahlukene eVatican, enikeza ubuhle hhayi nje kubheji, kodwa nakuwo wonke amabutho.
Ngokunambitha, le fomu hybrid iyavumelana ngokuqondile, ngaphandle kwama-flavour angeziwe ahlukahlukene, i-grape elula elula.
Inzuzo enkulu yamagilebhisi ahlongozwayo ukuvuthwa kokuqala amagilebhisi akhe.
Inkathi ekhulayo yesihlahla somvini iphela izinsuku ezingaba ngu-115 kuphela, okuvumela ukuba siqale amasampuli kuphela, kodwa futhi ukuvuna okugcwele phakathi no-Agasti. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yesihlahla esinamandla, isivuno semifino siphezulu kakhulu.
Amahlumela amagilebhisi aseVatican nawo avuthwe ngokunethezeka.
"Amagilebhisi aseGalitsyn" - uhlobo lokuqala lwe-hydrid ye-Burdak
Le amagilebhisi ayihlobo elingaphansi elidumile le-hybrid lobunikazi be-Burdak. Ngokusho kwezici zehlathi kanye nezici ze-fruiting, amagilebhisi aseGalitsin afana kakhulu nefomu echazwe ngenhla, kodwa ehluke kakhulu kwizici zesithelo.
Amaqoqo ale fomu hybrid angamazinga ajwayelekile namakhulu, kodwa amafomu amaningi kunamahlathi. Ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo sabo singaba ngu-0.6 kuya ku-0.9 kilogram. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubukhulu bamaqoqo buyingcosana, kodwa ngenxa yobukhulu obujwayelekile bamajikijolo, basuke bebunjwa kakhulu kwiqembu.
Ubukhulu bezithelo zomvini zaseGalitsyn zingahlukahluka ku-8 kuya ku-12 amagremu, ngenkathi kunesimo esiseduze ne-oval.
Umbala wangaphandle wamajikijolo alezi ezihlukahlukene ukhangayo, ngoba isikhumba sabo sibaphuzi uma sivuthiwe. Ekukhanyeni kwelanga, baba yigolide. Ukunambitheka kwabo kulula, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kuvumelana futhi kucebile. I-pulp iqukethe ijusi elikhulu.
Ifomu le-hybrid lamagilebhisi "i-Galitsyn" libuye libe ngowokuqala. Amajikijolo awo abe aphuzi ekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi ka-Agasti, lapho amaqoqo angasuswa kakade ehlathini.
Ukuvuna ngokuvamile kuvame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma isihlahla sakhula esivela ku-varietal seedling, futhi singahlanganiswa esitokisini sezinye izinhlobo zemagilebhisi.
Bush ehlathini elichazwe ngamagilebhisi unamandla okukhula okuhle. Njengoba uneminyaka yobudala, iveza inani elikhulu lamahlumela, iningi lawo elikhiqizayo.
Burdakovsky "Gordey" - uhlobo oluphezulu lwe-hybrid lamagilebhisi
Uhlobo oluvuthiwe lwamagilebhisi lucacile phakathi kwazo zonke ezinye ngokunambitheka nesikhathi sokuvuthwa. Kwi-viticulture yanamuhla, leli fomu lihlala endaweni ehloniphekile.
Inzuzo enkulu yefomu echazwe ukuthi yonke amaqoqo ayo amakhulu kakhulu. Isisindo sabo singahluka kusuka ku-0.6 kuya ku-1.1 kilogram, ngisho nokunakekelwa okuvamile, ngaphandle kokugqoka njalo.
Amaqoqo anesimo esihle futhi esivamile, esinobukhulu obuningi bamajikijolo afakwe kuwo. Amajikijolo lapha futhi elikhulu ngokungavamile, imingcele yabo iphakathi kwamamitha angu-3.8 kuya kwangu-2.4. Ifomu labo liyathakazelisa kakhulu, linyatheliswa. Isisindo samagilebhisi "Gordey" singahluka kusuka ku-14 ukuya kwangu-20 amagremu.
Ubukhulu obukhulu bamajikijolo bubenza bakhangele ngokukhethekile ukudla, ikakhulukazi ngoba banekhanda elitholakalayo le-nutmeg elixubene nesiphuzo esivamile samagilebhisi. Lokhu kwenza ukunambitheka kwabo kuvele kungenakulibaleka, ikakhulukazi kuhlanganiswe ne-pulp ithenda kanye namanzi.
Ukugcwalisa lezi zimfanelo ezimangalisayo ngumbala omuhle okwesibhakabhaka wesikhumba samajikijolo.
Le fomu hybrid ibhekisela hhayi kuphela ekuqaleni, kodwa ezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zamagilebhisi zakuqala. Ngakho-ke, umuntu angaqala ukudla izithelo zawo kusukela ekuqaleni kwengxenye ka-Agasti, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nasezinsukwini zokuqala zale nyanga.
Ngokwesilinganiso, inkathi ekhulayo yamahlathi ihlala ezinsukwini ezingu-95 kuya kwezi-105. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlahla esinamagilebhisi okhula ngamandla "Gordey" sikwazi ukunikeza isivuno esikhulu samagilebhisi, okuzokumangaza ngokumangalisayo.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda indlela yokutshala amagilebhisi avela etsheni.
I-Burbak "Dickson" uhlobo oluvuthiwe lwamagilebhisi: izici nokuhluka
Okuncane kakhulu kwaziwa ngaleli fomu elivuthiwe lamagilebhisi, ikakhulukazi ngokuqondene namafomu awo omzali. Nokho, ngenxa yezimfanelo zayo, kuyaqhubeka yanda kakhulu. Ukuqapha okukhethekile kufanele kulungiswe ngenxa yokusimama kwayo.
Amaqoqo amakhulu ikakhulukazi ezihlahleni zalolu hlobo lwama-grabrid alitholakali. Ngokuvamile isisindo sabo asidluli 1 kilogram, nakuba singaphansi kwe-0.5 kilogram, futhi akwenzeki neze (ngaphandle kwezibhamu ezipholile).
Inani lamajikijolo kwiqoqo elilodwa ligcwele kakhulu, ubukhulu bamaqoqo buncane. Amajikijolo anomumo womunwe omuhle futhi ngempela ubukhulu obukhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo sebheyili eyodwa singaba kusuka ku-17 kuya ku-20 amagremu. Ngenxa yalokhu, amaqoqo anesethulo elikhangayo kakhulu.
Izimfanelo zokunambitheka zomvini weDixon ziyavumelana kakhulu. Inyama yabo inomusa futhi ihlanzekile. Ukukhangwa okhethekile kwamajikijolo kunika umbala obomvu wesikhumba sabo. Lezivini zenzelwe ukusetshenziselwa ithebula ekudleni, izici zayo zobuchwepheshe azifundanga.
I-shrub enamandla kunokuba ihlume kahle kakhulu, ngakho-ke iyajabulisa izitshalo eziningi. Izinzuzo zezinhlobonhlobo azibandakanyi ukuchichima kuphela, kodwa futhi ukuqina kwe-fruiting.
Isivuno sikhula eduze kukaSeptemba, ngoba leli fomu le-hybride linesikhathi sokuvuthwa ekuqaleni. Naphezu kwalokhu, ukukhuthazela okuhle kwehlathini kwenza kube lula ukukhula ngamagilebhisi kaDixon endaweni ephakathi kwezulu yaseRussia.
Amagilebhisi "uFerdinand" - omunye wabadlali phakathi kwamafomu e-hydrid aseBurdak
Le fomu hybrid akuyona nje iqhawe emasimini amaqoqo, kodwa futhi ngokuqondene nokuvuthwa kwesivuno. Ukhetho oluhle kakhulu lokuvuna amagilebhisi ensimini, ngoba kunezivuno ezinhle futhi kube lula ekunakekeleni.
Futhi umehluko ukhona lokuthi akubona nje ukubukeka okuhle, okubonga ngakho ngesifomu esihle, kodwa futhi mass mass. Konke, zilinganisa kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-1.2 kilogram.
Phakathi naleyo minyaka, lapho izifundo zenziwa ngezici zalezi zinhlobonhlobo, lezi zici zamacembu zahlala zizinzile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqoqo ngalinye liboshelwe amajikijolo amakhulu futhi afanayo, enesisindo esisuka ku 12 kuya ku-15 amagremu.
Ngaphandle, amajikijolo anombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi isikhumba esinomsoco, kodwa, noma kunjalo, asizwa uma udla lo mvini ukudla. Ngendlela, ukunambitheka kwezithelo zomvini weFerdinand kunokuvumelana okungajwayelekile kanye nesisa. Inhloso yalolu hlobo lwama-grabrid iwayini.
Izithelo zamagilebhisi "uFerdinand" zikhula zibe zikhulu kakhulu, njengoba zibonakala ngokukhula okuqinile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-fruiting yabo iningi kakhulu futhi ihlukaniswa nokuzinza. Ukuvuna kuvuthwe ekuqaleni konyaka wokuqala ka-Agasti. Isikhathi semifino esihlahla sihlala cishe izinsuku ezingu-115.
Inzuzo enkulu yalezi zinhlobo zezithelo zamagilebhisi ezichazwe ngenhla ingumusa wabo nokusimama. Zonke zithela izithelo kahle, nginamaqoqo amakhulu namajikijolo. Inzuzo ekhethekile ukunambitheka kwabo, okunamanothi avuthiwe amagilebhisi ahambisana ngokuvumelana nenyama enhle kanye ne-juiciness yabo.
Enye, mhlawumbe ebaluleke kakhulu, inzuzo yalezi zindlela yiyo ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi ebusika. Bonke babekezelela amaqhwa phansi -23-24ºะก. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhula eningizimu ye-Ukraine noma iRussia, izihlahla azikwazi ngisho nokumboza ubusika (kodwa ngisho nasendleleni enphakathi kungcono ukugoba).
Ukungalungi okuyinhloko kwamafomu angenhla ukuthi yibo mncane kakhulu futhi izifundo zokuphikisa kwazo ezinambuzane nezifo ezihlukahlukene zisasetshenziswa. Kulokhu, ungathola inkathazo enkulu, futhi ngenxa yokungakwazi ukulahlekelwa ezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle zomvini.
Sitshala amagilebhisi ka Burdak esiqhingini sethu: izici zokutshala isihlahla samavini
Sikhetha indawo yamagilebhisi: yini ebalulekile ukungakhohlwa?
Umvini ukhula kahle futhi uthela izithelo kuphela uma uthola inqwaba yelanga futhi uvikelekile emakhazeni, ngemimoya. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kunconywa izihlahla zamagilebhisi ezindaweni ezizimele. umhlaba ovela eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga eceleni kwezindlu, endaweni eqondile kusuka kwezinye izakhiwo nezitshalo, ukuze zingabonakali.
Ngisho nezihlahla zamagilebhisi kufanele zitshalwe kuhlelo oluthile: ezihlahla ezikhulayo eziqinile - amamitha ayi-1.5x3.
Umhlabathi wokuvuna amagilebhisi kufanele ube nokuzala okuhle. Futhi, kungcono ukukhetha inhlabathi emincane, okubili kokubili ukuvumela umswakama ukuba udlule kahle futhi ungabambeli isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Izinsuku zokutshala: kungcono nini ukutshala amagilebhisi?
Khipha ngaphandle amagilebhisi angakwazi kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Azikho izinzuzo ezicacile zenkathi ethile, ngoba ngayinye yazo inendlela yayo.
Uma isitshalo esitshalwe entwasahlobo siqina kahle ngaphambi kokuqala kweqhwa, khona-ke ngeke kudingeke unakekele amagilebhisi ekwindla ngenxa yomswakama omuhle womhlabathi.
Ngentwasahlobo, amagilebhisi angatshalwa ekupheleni kukaMashi (uma isimo sezulu sivumela). Ngalesi sikhathi, izitshalo ezimilayo zihlwanyelwe, zigcinwe kusukela ekwindla, ama-saplings kanye nama-grafts ahlanganiswa. Futhi, entwasahlobo ungakwazi ukukhiqiza amagilebhisi. Ngo-May nangasekuqaleni kwehlobo ungasitshala izithombo eziluhlaza ezikhulile kusukela ekunqumeni kwezimbiza efasiteleni.
Ekwindla ngesikhathi sokufika akulula kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, amagilebhisi atshalwa phakathi no-Okthoba, lapho kulungiswa khona izinto zokutshala. Noma kunjalo, isimo sezulu esifundeni sakho kanye nesikhathi sokufika ebusika kuzoba nendima enkulu kulokhu.
Izithombo zomvini: indlela yokukhetha nokutshala?
Uma uzohlwanyela isilimu somvini esakhiweni sakho, okokuqala, akusilo kuye ukuthi akhethe, kodwa ukulungisa umgodi. Iqiniso ukuthi kulokho udinga ukugcwalisa inani elikhulu lomanyolo, okuyinto ngesikhathi sokutshala ngokwawo kufanele iqhume kahle. Emva kwakho konke, uma bezama kanye ne-sapling, i-collar yayo yempande izoba ngaphansi komhlaba, okungenakuvunyelwa.
Ububanzi nobubanzi bomgodi - hhayi ngaphansi kwamamitha angu-0.8. Njengama-fertilizer, sebenzisa 2-3 amabhakede ama-humus, umquba wamaminerali (potassium phosphate ne-nitrogen), kanye nenhlabathi enhle evundile. Konke lokhu kudinga ukuxubaniswa nokumbozwa emgodini. Uhlaka olulodwa lwenhlabathi elula luhlanganiswa phezu kwamanyolo.
Ungakhetha insimu enhle ngokuvumelana nezici ezifana nombala omhlophe wesimiso kanye nombala obala we-cut top of it. Le mbewu ngaphambi kokutshala iyadingeka ubambe usuku noma amabili emanzini futhi kuphela wabeka emgodini.
Izithombo zomvini zimba ngokuhle ngoba unezimpande ezincane kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokungcwaba umgodi kuze kube sekupheleni, ungadlulisela ibhakede lamanzi kulo, elizogubha inhlabathi, lingashiyi ama-airbags kulo. Ngemuva kokuba umgodi usuke ungcwatshwe ngokuphelele, isitsha samanzi sinamanzi amabili.
Futhi, kunconywa ukuthi ngokushesha ukushayela ukwesekwa okuqinile eduze kwalo.
Inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu isuke ihlanganiswe ngosizo lwe-mulch, okuzosiza ekugcineni ukugcina umswakama kuyo.
Indlela yokunakekela amafomu e-hybrid ka-Burdak?
Ukunakekela amafomu amagilebhisi Burdak akunzima, kepha amanye amaphuzu kumele akhunjulwe aqiniseke ukuthi:
- Isihlahla kufanele siphuze njalo entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba siqale ukuqhakaza. Phela, inhlabathi yasentwasahlobo ingaba yome kakhulu, okuyinto echaphazela kabi ukuhluma nokukhula kwesihlahla. Isihlahla siphuziswa kokubili ngenkathi kusetshenzwa izitshalo kanye nangomiso.
- Ngemuva kokunisela okunye, inhlabathi kufanele ihlanganiswe ne-moss noma i-sawdust (ubukhulu be-mulch - amasentimitha amathathu).
- Indlela kuphela enokwethenjelwa yokwandisa isivuno sesihlahla ukuwuphakela ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise umquba ofanayo owabeka phansi phansi emgodini uma utshala.
- Umphumela omuhle ngobukhulu bamaqoqo kanye namajikijolo anquma izihlahla, okuyinto engcono kakhulu eyenziwe ekwindla sekwephuzile. Ihlumela ngalinye kufanele lifinyezwe ngama-6-8.
- Izithombo ezincane zokumboza ebusika kumele zibe yinto ephoqelekile, ngoba ziphikisana neqhwa eliphansi. Izihlahla ezindala zivame ukukhulwa njengesiko esingenzi lutho.
- Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwedatha ekuphikeleni kwezinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe ezifweni zefungal, unyaka ngamunye amahlumela aphethwe ngama-pesticides kanye nokubulala ukhula ukuze kuvikelwe.
