Sweet cherry! Ubani ongazizwa enambitheka ezindebeni? Akusivuthiwe, kunomusa, kunothando, noma kuvuthiwe okugcwele. Tshala lo muthi, futhi ukunambitheka kwama cherry ngeke kube yinto yesikhathi esidlule.
Ukuze i-cherry enhle ithokoze ngokuvunwa okuhle kakhulu futhi ithuthukise kahle, udinga ukuqedela amaphuzu amancane amathathu: khetha indawo efanelekile, qiniseka ukuthi uthenge izithombo ezikhungweni zezimakethe noma ezimakethe ezikhethekile, ukutshala ama cherry amnandi kungcono kakhulu okwenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukulungiselela ukutshala ama cherry
Yiziphi izidingo zomhlabathi
Umhlabalapho ukutshala kuhlelwe khona, kufanele kube nendawo evundile, kulula ukudlulisa umoya, okungukuthi, ukuthukuthela, nokuvumela ukungena umswakama futhi ube nomswakama-ubambe. Imhlabathi, mhlawumbe i-sandy noma i-loamy elula.
Ama-cherries awayekwaziswa ukuba atshale ngobumba obunzima noma enhlabathini ye-peaty, futhi, eqinisweni, emagqabeni ehlabathi. Yena ukubekezelela amanzi aphelile ngisho nesikhathi esifushane futhi sifuna kakhulu umswakama. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, i-sweet cherry ayikwazi ukutshala kulezo zindawo lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ephansi.
Engadini, ngenxa yokuphambana kwe-cherries yamnandi, kunconywa ukuba utshale okungenani izinhlobo ezingu-2-3. Ama Cherries abhekwa njengabamakhelwane abahle kakhulu ngoba baqhakaza kanyekanye nama cherry.
Manje lungisa umhlabathi wokutshala
I-sweet cherry ibhekwa njengesihlahla esibucayi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi sibhekene nesimo somhlabathi, akumele sibe nesivuno esingenasisekelo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokutshala insimu entsha, izwe kanye nekhwalithi yalo kuthuthukiswa. Ezweni lapho ama-cherry amancane eyokhula khona, ngaphezu kokumba, umanyolo uqaliswa, kokubili okuphilayo kanye nokumbiwa kwemithi:
- Humus, umquba noma umquba obolile (10-15 kg per m2).
- Amaminerali amaminerali - i-phosphorus (15-20 g. Per m2) ne-potassium (20-25 g. Per m2).
- Inani lemali lixhomeke ekubunjweni kwemishini yenhlabathi kanye nezinga le-acidity yabo. Isibonelo, ku-loam ekhanyayo yenza cishe amagremu angu-500. nge-m2 ngayinye, nasemhlabathini owunzima, ne-acidity yenhlabathi engaphansi kuka-4.5, kubalulekile ukuphinda kabili umthamo, cishe u-900 g we-lime ngomzuzu ngamunye.
Kodwa uma ku-chernozems engadini yesikhathi esizayo, inani le-fertilizer elisetshenziswayo kanye nomanyolo we-potashi lincane, kuyilapho ama-fertilizer e-phosphorus ekhula ngokungafani kuya ku-25 amagremu. ku-m2.
Unyaka ngaphambi kokutshala insimu yezithelo ze-cherry, inhlabathi ayilinywa, okungukuthi, isesimweni somoya omnyama. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokukhula ukhula luyisuswe. Ngonyaka olandelayo, ububanzi bombuthano we-trunk bunyuke kumamitha ayi-1, unyaka kamuva uyanda ngenye imitha yamitha. Le ngxenye igcinwa ngendlela ehlanzekile, ngaphandle kokhula, futhi ihlanganiswe ngento ehlanganisiwe.
Ungakhohlwa ngomanyolo
Ngakho njll I-cherry enhle iqala ukuqhakaza kusenesikhathi futhi uthele izithelo, kuyadingeka kakhulu ukutholakala okukhulu kwezinqolobane zomsoco emhlabeni. Zigcwaliswa ekwindla, ngesikhathi esifanayo zisebenzisa ama-fertilizer e-organic and amaminerali, inani lawo lisungulwa emva kokuthatha inhlabathi nokuhlola.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho babambelela ekukhuliseni ama-20 cm ngokujula. Ukunakekela kufanele kuthathwe uma usebenzisa umanyolo owomile, banganikeza imiphumela emibi. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esibucayi, Amaminerali amaminerali aqala ukuhlakazwa emanzini, futhi kuphela kube nomthelela lapho kukhona ukuqoqwa okukhulu kwezimpande ezithandwayo.
Isixazululo esinomanyolo wamaminerali asilethwe ngaphansi kwesihlahla somuthi; kungukuchitha isikhathi, ngoba izimpande ezitholakala lapho azitholi zonke izinto eziwusizo.
Ukuheha izinyosi nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuvuna nokuvundisa, ekuseni ungaphonsa izihlahla ze-cherry ngekhambi le-copper sulfate. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, ama-cherries angase abe namaqhwa amancane, ngakho-ke, batusa ukuphalaza umqhele ngesisombululo esikhethekile sokugqugquzela ukwakhiwa kwama-ovari, noma ngamanzi alula, okwandisa kakhulu ukumelana kwezimbali.
Kufanele kube yibukhulu bomgodi
Ukufika baqala ukumba imbobo kusengaphambili, Izinyanga ezingu-3-4 ngaphambi kokuhlelwa okuhleliwe. Ububanzi bomgodi kufanele bube ngu-80 cm, nokujula okungaba ngu-60 cm.
Umgogodla ukhululiwe, amabhakede amabili ama-humus alala, ahlanganiswe nengqimba engenhla yenhlabathi, futhi ashiye isikhathi esithile. Lapho ukutshala kwentwasahlobo Amagremu angama-400 e-superphosphate enziwe emgodini wokutshala., Amagremu angu-100 we-sodium sulfate, noma i-1 kg yomlotha, futhi konke lokhu kuhlanganiswe kahle.
Izitshalo zenziwe ngokulinganisela, ama-cherries akadingi amanani amaningi. Phela, ukudlula kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwezinzuzo eziqinile, okuvame ukungenawo isikhathi sokuthuthukisa ngokugcwele ngesikhathi sokuphela kwesikhathi.
Ukulungiselela isithombo sokutshala
Zithenga futhi zitshale, ezimweni eziningi, izitshalo zonyaka, zivame ukutshala ezineminyaka emibili ubudala.
Uhlelo lwempande lwezithelo ezinamakhadi okumnandi kufanele luhlolwe ngokucophelela, izinyembezi ezinamandla ezikhona kanye nokulimala ezimpandeni ziyanqunywa ngommese obukhali. Kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ukuvumela ukomiswa kwezimpande ngesikhathi sokuhamba, okuyinto ethinta kabi ukuthi ngokushesha izihlahla zizoqala kanjani. Kodwa uma uhlelo lwempande lungasomisiwe kancane kancane, luyakhuphuka emanzini amahora angu-6-7.
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukwakha uxhumano oluhle lwezimpande nomhlabathi, ukuze i-cherry ifinyeleleke ngokushesha, uhlelo lwempande lufakwe engxenyeni yobumba noma i-chernozem ne-mullein.
Ama-cherries enqubo yokutshala agxila emagqumeni nasezimpandeni ezinezingqimba, umhlaba kufanele uhlale unyakaziswa, ukuze ugcwalise konke okungafani phakathi kwezimpande. Ibhakede lamanzi liyathululelwa ngaphakathi futhi i-cherry ithululelwa kanye nomhlaba osele phezulu phezulu emgodini. Kubalulekile ukunyathelisa phansi, bese wenza umgodi ozungeza umuthi bese uwuthululela ngebhakede elilodwa lamanzi. Isihlahla esitshaliwe siboshwe emgodlenifuthi inhlabathi ezungeze umgodi kumele ihlanganiswe ne-peat noma i-humus.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda ngezinhlobo zokugcina ze-cherry elimnandi.
I-Cherry izithombo zokutshala
Ngingahluma nini?
Okuhle kunakho konke I-sweet cherry plant ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqala kwenqubo yokuvuvukala kwezinso. Watshala kusengaphambili umgodi wokugibela, ngisho nasekuweni, bese wengeza amaminerali amaminerali nama-organic.
Uma, noma kunjalo, i-sweet cherry yatshala lapho amaqabunga eqala ukuqhakaza, khona-ke umuthi otshalwe wona unethuba lokukhula kabi, futhi izihlahla ezinjalo zithinteka izifo kaningi kunezo ezitshalwe ngesikhathi.
Ukutshala ama-cherry ekwindla akunconywanga, ngoba kunengozi yokuqhwaba kokuzuza okunaminyaka yonke, ngoba ngokuvamile bafinyelela emitha elilodwa noma ngaphezulu emithini eyodwa kanye neminyaka emibili ubudala.
Mayelana nokujula kokufika
Ama-Cherries awayithandi ukutshala okujulile: intamo impande (noma umugqa ogijima phakathi kwezimpande kanye nesiqu) kufanele kube ezingeni eliphansi ngemuva kokuchelela. Ngesikhathi sokutshala, izihlahla ziphakanyiswa ngu-5 cm, ngakho umhlaba unomkhuba wokuxazulula.
Ngamandla Ukutshala okujulile kubi ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande, kodwa, nokutshala okuncane kwe-cherries kunomthelela omubi ohlelweni lwempande, ehlobo liyakuthisa, kanti ebusika liyaqhwaza. Lapho ukutshala okungajulile, izimpande ngesikhathi sokutshala zingalimala, kanti izithombo azizinzile futhi zijwayele ukufakwa.
Ama-fertilizer Cherry ngemuva kokutshala
Kubalulekile ukuhambisana nesilinganiso. Umthamo omkhulu we-nitrogen umanyolo ungabangela amagatsha ukuba akhothame, amanxeba ku-trunk nasemagatsheni, kanye nokulimala okuvamile kwezinambuzane.
Ukuze uthole ukuthi i-cherry enomsoco idinga umanyolo we-nitrogenous, ihlolwe ukuthi amahlumela akhula ngokushesha kangakanani ngaphambi kokuqala kwe-fruiting. Isibonelo, ekugcineni kwamagatsha amakhulu, amahlumela amasha amathathu nokunye kwakhiwa; umquba awusebenzi. Kodwa, uma kunjalo, inombolo kanye nobude babo buncane, bese kufakwe umanyolo nge nitrogen. I-Potash ne-phosphate fertilizer isetshenziswa ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokutshala.
Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, ama-fertilizer ephilayo asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa okulinganiselwe, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuzosebenza kahle kanye namanyolo wamaminerali ukuthuthukisa ibhalansi yamanzi. Umanyolo owenziwe oketshezi oluvuthiwe uvunyelwe ukwenza i-cherry.
Ukunakekelwa komuthi ngemuva kokutshala
Ukunisela kubalulekile kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi.
Cherry kunzima ukubhekana nesomiso, ukuntuleka kwamanzi kunomthelela kabi. Kudinga ukuchelela okwengeziwe, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kokubusika. Ukuchelela okuncane kwebusika kubhekwa njengekhwalithi ephakeme kunokushicilela. Ukunisela ngaphambi kokufika kwebusika kugcwalisa ngokuphelele inhlabathi ngomswakama.
Ukuphuza i-cherries ingahlukaniswa ngezikhathi ezintathu. Amanzi asentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuphumulaLona ukuthambisa kokuqala. Okwesibili ezinsukwini ezingu-15-20, lapho izihlahla ziyeka ukukhula. Futhi ngesikhathi sokugcina athululela i-cherry ezinsukwini ezingu-20 ngaphambi kokuqala kwesikhathi sokuvuthwa.
Kancanyana ngokusondeza umuthi
Yondla izihlahla ezincane izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesizini. Umanyolo ongcono kakhulu osetshenziselwa ukugqoka okuphezulu uthathwa njengesi-slurry ehlanjululwayo; 1 tbsp yamanzi yengezwa kuso ibhakede lemanzi elilodwa. spoon umanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Bondla i-cherry emibili kabili, ngoMeyi noJuni, kanti izihlahla zikhulile kuneminyaka emithathu ubudala - izikhathi ezingu-3-4. Lapho zonke izithelo ziqothulwe umuthi, I-nitrogen Umanyolo kungcono ukungayisebenzisi. Entwasahlobo yenza urea.
Ithuluzi elihle kakhulu lokudla izihlahla ngumlotha.
Ukuvikela i-Cherry
Inkinga enkulu kakhulu ye-cherry enhle, lapho ikhulile, yikuvuthwa kwezithelo. Emaphandleni aphakame phakathi nesomiso nemvula enamandla, isikhunta siqala, futhi izithelo zibola. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yomzabalazo ekwakheni i-canopy phezu kwensimukodwa kubiza kakhulu.
Ama Cherries kumele avikeleke ezinyoni, okuyingozi kakhulu izitha zawo, ngoba badla zonke izithelo ezivuthwe. Izinyoni ziyesaba ngezindlela zomzimba nezindlela.
Futhi ukuvikela lesi sihlahla ekuqhekekeni kwesiqu, ekwindla nasentwasahlobo kuveza umcako weqhwa eligqila.
