Ukudla okunomsoco nephunga elimnandi akuzange kulahlekelwe ukuthandwa kwaso iminyaka eyizinkulungwane, kuqhubeka kube yinye yezinongo ezidume kakhulu nezithengekayo phakathi kwamaphakathi.
Ngemuva kwebusika eside, lapho umzimba ubuthakathaka futhi ufuna amavithamini amasha asuka ensimini, umbuzo uba: nini ukutshala i-dill endaweni evulekile entwasahlobo?
Uyazi? I-dill yayaziwa abaseGibhithe lasendulo njengomuthi. AmaGreki asendulo ayidla i-dill, uSappho wahlabelela iphunga le-dill, uFofrast wathi i-dill yempepho, uHippocrates, uDioscorides washiya amathiphu okusebenzisa indlela yokwelapha i-dill. ERoma lasendulo, abathandi banikeza izimbali kanye nemikhotho yedill. Ngekhulu le-10, u-Ibn Sina wachaza ngokuningiliziwe imiphumela ye-dill emzimbeni womuntu. Ngezikhathi eziphakathi babekholelwa ekutheni i-dill ivikela ukuloba.
I-Dill: incazelo yokunwa kwe-herbal
I-Dill (i-Anéthum) ibhekisela izitshalo ze-ambulunga yonyaka. I-Dill ine-stalk eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esimnyama (ukuphakama kusuka ku-40 kuya ku-150 cm), ihlanganiswe nemifantu emincane kakhulu. Phezu kwamagatsha ase-stem. Amaqabunga aphindaphindiwe kane (i-lobes yokugcina inesimo semicu). Kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi, izimbali zivela: izimbali ze-dill ziqoqwe ku-inflorescences bese zakha isambulela esikhulu (kufika ku-15 cm) wama-25-50 emisebe. Umbala wezimpaphe uphuzi. Imbewu (kuze kufike ku-5 mm ubude no-3 mm ububanzi) uvuthwe ngokugcwele ngoSeptemba.
Okuqukethwe kwamavithamini B2, B6, C, A, P, PP, macro-micronutrients (i-magnesium, i-potassium, i-calcium, i-phosphorus, njll.), I-acids (i-oleic, i-palmitic, i-petroselinic), i-flavonoid dill inesinye sezikhundla ezihamba phambili phakathi kwensimu amasiko. Kucebile ngokukhethekile (ikakhulukazi imbewu - kufika ku-4%) ngamafutha abalulekile.
Uyazi? I-dill ithuthukisa ukubunjwa kwegazi emzimbeni, inomphumela we-disinfecting emaphethelweni emathunjini, isimiso se-urinary, sithuthukisa ukugaya, kujwayelekile ukugaya umzimba, kunciphisa ukucindezela okukhulu. I-Anetin equkethe i-dill, ihlanza imithwalo yegazi, ithuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziwusizo kanye nezakhiwo, ukugaya kwazo okulula kwenza i-dill ibuyele ngokulinganayo kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala.
Yini ethanda i-dill, ekhetha indawo ensimini
I-dill ayifani nokubona. Lesi sitshalo singanqamuki (simelana namaqhwa amancane, futhi imbewu iqala ukuvuselela emhlabathini ekushiseni kwe +3 ° C). Uma ufuna ukufeza isivuno esihle samafutha aluhlaza, udinga ukucabangela ukuthi uyayithanda idayi, kanti ukutshalwa kahle kwe-dill kuhilela ukwakha izimo ezinhle.
Kubalulekile! Ukwengeza i-dill efriziwe kuma-saladi kuyonqoba isitsha - ukunambitheka kwe-herbal okungajabulisi nokuphuma kwamanzi kuzovela. Iphunga elimnandi nokunambitheka kweladidi kuzonikezwa ngendwangu eyomile (usawoti). Idayi elithambile lisetshenziselwa izobho nezasoso.
I-Dill Lighting
Indlela yokutshala i-dill? Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ngakho.
Okokuqala, udinga ukunikeza ukukhanya okulungile. Ilanga elikhanyayo yilokho i-dill efana nayo. Izindawo ezivulekile zifanelekile. Ngokukhanya okwanele, i-dill inombala obala o-emerald, iqala ngokujwayelekile. Izimo ezihle - ukukhanya kwelanga ukukhanya kwamahora angu-12 ngosuku ekushiseni kwe-18 kuya ku-25 ° C.
Okwesibili, kuzodingeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwenhlabathi edingekayo
Yisiphi inhlabathi ekhetha i-dill
Ukukhetha isakhiwo sokutshala i-dill, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo sithanda inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi nge-ventilation emihle kanye ne-hygroscopicity. I-dill ayidingi ukwanda okukhethekile kwenhlabathi (ngokutshala kwayo izindawo ezifanele lapho iklabishi elikhulile ngaphambili, ukhukhamba noma ezinye imifino - ngonyaka odlule ukugqoka isitshalo esingenakuzenzela kuyokwanela).
Kungcono ukulungisa imibhede yedill kusengaphambili (mhlawumbe ekwindla). Kudingeka ukumba, ugeze (ungafaka umquba, urea, superphosphate noma usawoti we-potassium - ngesilinganiso esingu-20-30 g ngomitha wesikwele ngasinye). Ukugqoka okunjalo kwe-dill kuzosiza ukuvuna isivuno esikhulu.
Ngezinye izikhathi i-dill iqala ukushintsha umbala ube ophuzi oluhlaza, ukukhula kwayo kuyancipha. Lezi zibonakaliso ze-nitrogen "indlala" yesitshalo. Ikhambi ngokumelene nalokhu kungeniswa komanyolo we-nitrogenous (20 g ngayinye imitha yesikwele).
Ukutshala idayi: indlela yokulungisa imbewu
Ukuzivocavoca kubonisa ukuthi ngisho nabaqalayo bangakhula i-dill ekuqaleni kwesikhathi. Ngaphambi kokulungiselela imbewu yokutshala, udinga ukukhetha ezihlukahlukene ze-dill. Izinhlobo ze-Dill ziyahlukahluka ngokuguga:
- izinhlobo zokuqala - zivuthwe ngezinsuku ezingu-30-35, izambulela zifake ngokushesha, zingathobeki, ziphunga, kodwa ngeke uzuze amafutha amaningi (Redut, Dalny, Gribovsky, Grenadier);
- izinhlobo eziphakathi - zivuthwe ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15 kamuva, zibe namaqabunga angama-10 ku-stem, imifino ekhiqiza kakhulu ("Alligator", "Umbrella", "Kibray", "Amazon", "Richelieu");
- izinhlobo zokuphumula - isikhathi sokuvuthwa izinsuku ezingu-70, amaqabunga angaphezu kuka-10 akhiwa ku-stem, anike isivuno esikhulu semifino ("Kutuzovsky", "Hoarfrost", "Ozornik").
Lapho ukhetha imbewu kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi sihlwanyela i-dill emhlabathini ovulekile. Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala ziyakwazi ukumelana nokubandayo, zizokwazi ukubhekana kalula neqhwa kuze kube ku -4 ° С. Izinhlobo zamuva - ngaphezulu kwe-thermophilic.Amafutha abalulekile embewu avimbela inqubo yokupaka nokuhluma. Ukunciphisa ukuhlushwa kwabo ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela i-dill emhlabathini ovulekile, kuzosinciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuhluma. Ngalokhu udinga:
- yenza isikhwama sendwangu bese uyigcwalisa ngembewu;
- faka emanzini ashisayo (60 ° С) imizuzu emibili. Ukwelashwa okushisayo kungaphazamisi impahla yokutshala kusuka ekutheleleni okukhona;
- shiya imbewu izinsuku ezintathu emanzini (amanzi adinga ukuguqulwa izikhathi 3-5 ngosuku, nokuhlanza imbewu);
- susa imbewu, isakaze ingxenye yehora emoyeni. Ngemva kwalokho, balungele ukufika.
Uyazi? Ukusetshenziswa kwe-compressor ye-aquarium kanye nokwenziwa kwe-seed dill okusiziwe kuzosiza kathathu ukunciphisa isikhathi sokulungiselela ukutshala.
Ukutshala nini futhi kanjani ukutshala i-dill
Dill kulinywa kunoma yisiphi isikhathi (ngenkathi sithola isivuno). Konke kuncike ezimweni zesimo sezulu nokushisa.
Ukuhlwanyela kahle idayisi, udinga:
endaweni ephahleni yendawo elungiselelwe, yenza u-grooves 2 cm ojulile. Ukuze kube lula, ungasebenzisa ibhodi elide (ibanga eliphakathi kwe-grooves amabili kufanele libe okungenani 20 cm);- Uma unomswakama kahle, uhlwanyele imbewu elungiselelwe. Imbewu ye-Dill ivame ukuhlwanyelwa ngesilinganiso esingaphezu kwe-1 g ngayinye imitha yesikwele (ukuze izitshalo zingagxili);
- ufafaze inhlabathi futhi ihlanganiswe kancane (ukuze uxhumane kahle imbewu kanye nomhlabathi). Izinsuku ezimbili zokuqala zembewu etshalwe akudingeki ziphuze - amanzi angawageza, aqinise isimo sabo;
endaweni ephahleni yendawo elungiselelwe, yenza u-grooves 2 cm ojulile. Ukuze kube lula, ungasebenzisa ibhodi elide (ibanga eliphakathi kwe-grooves amabili kufanele libe okungenani 20 cm);Uyazi? Izakhiwo zokuphulukisa ze-dill ziyasetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ku-cosmetology. I-Dill iyinxenye yezimonyo ezihlukahlukene. Ungasusa izikhwama ngaphansi kwamehlo ngosizo lwe-dill infusions (amakhambi nembewu). Amanzi agcwele ama-dill agcoba futhi avuselele isikhumba.
Lapho ukutshala i-dill entwasahlobo
Ukuhlwanyela isikhathi ngesikhathi sonyaka entwasahlobo kuncike ngokuphelele ezimweni zesimo sezulu - uma entwasahlobo ifudumele futhi iqala, khona-ke izinsuku zizoqala. Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukuhlwanyela emva kuka-Ephreli 20.
Emva kokuhluma kwezithombo, kufanele kube mncane ukuze kungabi nokuqina (ibanga eliphakathi kwamahlumela kufanele lihlale lisuka ku-5 ukuya ku-10 cm).
Kubalulekile! I-dill ikhiqiza ngokuphelele ngokuzihlwanyela - akudingeki ungaphuthelwa umzuzu, ngaphandle kwalokho insimu yonke ngonyaka ozayo izotshala nge-dill. Abalimi abanolwazi bayeluleka: ukugwema ukuhlwanyela ngokuzenzekelayo nge-dill, amabhasikidi avuthiwe nge-gauze.
Ukutshala i-dill ehlobo
Ukufika kwehlobo kunezici ezithile. Leli thuba lokuthola imifino emisha nsuku zonke (kuwanele ukutshala ingxenye entsha yembewu njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-10-15). Esinye isici ukuthi ehlobo imibhede yensimu yonke isatshalaliswa, ihlala ezinye izitshalo. Kunemibuzo ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukutshala i-dill ne-parsley, i-dill kanye neminye imifino ndawonye. I-dill ayihambisani nezitshalo ezithile, isibonelo, nge-fennel, ubhontshisi. Ngabanye (iklabishi, ukhukhamba, utamatisi, anyanisi, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi) - unobungane, uvikela ngamanoni ayo kusuka ezinambuzaneni (aphid, amacimbi), kuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwabo, kwandisa isikhathi se-fruiting. Esikhundleni salokho, i-dill isebenzisa inhlabathi evundile yomakhelwane bayo.
Indlela yokutshala i-dill ngaphambi ebusika
Ngokuqinisekile idayili yokutshala ethandwayo ekwindla. Inhloso yokutshala ekwindla ukuthola ukuvunwa kokuqala kwamahlathi entwasahlobo. Ukutshala kwe-autumn kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi:
imbewu kufanele ibeke 1-1.5 cm ejulile kunasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo;- Izinga lembewu lenyuke ngo-25%;
- isakhiwo sigcwele umelenzeki ebusika;
- Ukuze unqume ukuthi uzohlwanyela yini idayisi ekuwa, kudingeka ukhumbule ukuthi udinga ukuqedela ukuhlwanyela ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa nokuqhwala kwenhlabathi.
imbewu kufanele ibeke 1-1.5 cm ejulile kunasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo;Kubalulekile! Uma umhlabathi we-dill ungeyomanzi ngokwanele, ungasheshisa "ukuguqulwa" kwe-dill ku-stem nezimbali.
Ubusika futhi yisikhathi lapho ungakwazi ukutshala i-dill. Ukwenza lokhu, lungisa indawo ensimini (isibonelo, susa iqhwa). Imbewu ye-Dill ihlakazekile endaweni ehlanjululwe (akukho ukulungiselela ukulungiselela imbewu okudingekayo). I-Humus ehlanganiswe nenhlabathi ifakwa phezulu kwembewu futhi igcwele iqhwa (njengoba iqhwa liyancibilika, imbewu izoqala kancane kancane ukuhluma). Uma kwenzeka amaqhwa amaqabunga, indawo ingafakwa ngefilimu.
Ukutshala i-dill ebusika nobusika kukuvumela ukuba uthathe amasonto owodwa noma amabili ukuthola isivuno sokuqala semifino.
Izici ukunakekela i-dill, ukuthi uthole kanjani isivuno esicebile
I-dill, etshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, idinga ukunakwa okunye ngokwengeziwe kunokuba ikhule ku-abamba ukushisa. Omunye kufanele akhumbule izintandokazi ze-dill (ukukhanya kwelanga, ukukhanya okungahambisani nomswakama nomswakama) futhi uhambisane nemithetho eminingana:
- feed (uma kunesidingo);
- ukuphuza (akulona okwanele, kodwa njalo);
- khipha imibhede;
- isikhathi sokukhula nokhula kanye nomzimba omncane (lokhu kuyiqiniso ngokukhethekile uma kwenzeka ukutshala i-dill nge-carpet eqinile);
- Ungatshali eduze kwezitshalo "ezingenabuhlobo" - i-cumin, i-fennel, njll.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, i-dill ingcono kakhulu ithole ngesikhathi esencane, lapho ukuphakama kwesiqu kungama-17-25 cm. Lokhu kwenzeka cishe ngezinsuku ezingu-30-40 ngemva kokutshala. Ngesikhathi sokuqala kwemifino yedatha ukunambitheka kwemifino ehla kakhulu.
I-Dill iqoqwe ngezindlela ezahlukene:
- ukudonsa kanye nomsuka wesitshalo sonke;
- ukuphula amaqabunga avela emigqumeni;
- ukugcoba nge-carpet ukuhlwanyela. Izitshalo ezinde kakhulu zikhethiwe, okunye okusele ukukhulisa;
- ukuvuna izinto eziluhlaza (iziqu, izambulela) zokugaya - ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokuvuthwa kwe-wax (izinsuku ezingu-50-70 emva kokuvela).
- Ukuqothula (ukuhlanza, ukususa amanzi, ukusika, ukufaka i-tare nokuqhwaza.) Ukwenza i-dill cubes - i-slurry ye-dill eqoshiwe kanye namanzi abilisiwe; gcwalisa ama-cubes enhlama emuva.Ngemva kwalokho kuhle ukuwasebenzisa ekuphekeni izifundo zokuqala kanye nezinhloso zezimonyo);
- u-salting (ugeze i-dill, uyomise nge-napkin, usike futhi ubeke izingqimba ngosawoti embizeni bese uvale. Gcina endaweni epholile. Kunamaminithi amaningi: usawoti ubamba ijusi, i-dill ilahlekelwa ukunambitheka nezinye izakhiwo.
- ukugcoba (ukusebenzisa ukupakisha okuphambene okukhethekile);
- ukuhlanza amanzi (uthele ama-dill sprigs nge-marinade - u-0.5 l wamanzi abilayo, isipuni esingu-1 seviniga 6% no-1 isipuni sosawoti etafuleni.
- Ukomiswa kwemvelo (owomile ngaphansi kombhede onomoya omuhle.) Ungomiswa ekamelweni, ugobe futhi uhlakaze ephepheni, uvuselele ngezikhathi ezithile. Gcina izimbiza ezibucayi ngesembozo esingagudluki, izikhwama zamaphepha).
