Izifo ezithathelwanayo ziyisongelo hhayi kuphela ezilwaneni ezibhekene nalesi sifo, kodwa nabantu.
Isibonelo, umthombo we-Salmonella, otholakala ekudleni ezimakethe nakwezitolo, kaningi uba inyama yezinkukhu ezithengiswa.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi izimpawu ezisemqoka, izinyathelo zokuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwesifo esinjalo esithathelwanayo njenge-pullorosis-typhoid.
I-Pullorosis- (i-typhoid, i-bacillary dysentery, isifo sohudo esimhlophe esimhlophe, isifo sohudo esimhlophe) yisifo esiyingozi esithathelwanayo esiyinkimbinkimbi ezinyoni ezincane futhi esingenasifo, esingavamile kubantu abadala.
Kuyini i-pullorosis?
Izifo ezithandwayo ezinkukhu: izinkukhu, ama-turkeys, amadada (ikakhulukazi abasha), kanye nezinyoni zasendle: izigwaca, ama-pheasants, izinyoni ze-Guinea. Ukuqhuma okukhulu kwesifo kubonakala ezinkukhu kusukela ekuzalweni kuya emasontweni amabili ubudala.
I-Pulloz-typhus yatholwa kuqala e-United States (Connecticut) ngo-1900 ngu-Retger. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi sifo siphumelele e-United States nakwamanye amazwe.
E-USSR, lesi sifo satholakala ngo-1924 yi-Academician Ushakov. I-Pulloz-typhus yasungulwa ngokubambisana nezinkukhu ezingeniswe ngaphakathi, izinkukhu zokuzala kanye nama-turkeys, amaqanda abo.
Ukutheleleka okwamanje kubhaliswe ezinkampanini eziningi zezinkukhu kanye nezinkampani zezimboni ekukhiqizeni nasekunikezeni inyama yenkukhu, amaqanda ezinkukhu ezimakethe kanye nezitolo.
Ukusabalalisa kanye nama-vectors
Lesi sifo sibhalwa kuwo wonke amazwe.
Inzalo yabantu abanegciwane ngenkathi ukwakhiwa kwamaqanda emaqanda ezinyoni ezigulayo, izinkukhu ezizelwe abantu abanegciwane zitholela inzalo enempilo. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngokuma.
Ukudluliswa kwezifo kungenziwa ngamaqanda anesandulela kanye nama-incubators, amanzi, ukondla, izinyoni zezinyoni ezigulayo, amaqanda angenalutho, amagobolondo, izinto zokunakekelwa kwezinyoni ezigulayo nokusabalalisa nazo zikhuthazwa yizintambo.
Ama-vectors amancinci amancane, ondlunkulu, ama-starlings, ama-tits, ama-bullfinches, ama-daws nezinye izinyoni eziphila mahhala.
Isigaba sengozi nomonakalo
Ngaphandle kokuthatha izinyathelo eziphumelelayo zokuqeda ukuqhuma okukhulu kwe-pullorosis-typhoid, lesi sifo sithinta zonke izinyoni, isifo senzalo encane sifinyelela ku-70%, ngoba i-pullorosis-typhoid iyingozi kakhulu.
Isiphetho se-Lethal for izinkukhu ngu-80%uma isikhathi singathathi izinyathelo zokwelashwa nokuvimbela.
I-Salmonella, engena emzimbeni womuntu ngokusebenzisa inyama yezinyoni ezigulayo, ibangele ubuthi obuhlungu emathunjini, ehambisana nomkhuhlane omkhulu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ubuhlungu besisu, umkhuhlane kanye nokudakwa.
Iziguli ezine-salmonellosis zihanjiswe esibhedlela.
Ama-Pathogens
Lesi sifo sibangela I-Salmonellapullorum-Gallinarum (I-Salmonella pullorum-gallinarum) - amabhaktheriya afushane (ama-microns angu-1-2 ubude namamitha ayi-0.3-0.8 obukhulu) izinti eziqinile, azenzi ama-capsules noma izinhlamvu.
Emgqabeni wezinyoni ezigulayo, amabhaktheriya aqhubekela phambili kuze kube yizinsuku eziyi-100, enhlabathini - izinsuku ezingaphezu kuka-400, emanzini - kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-200, angaphinde aqhubeke nezidumbu zabantu abagulayo (kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-40).
Ama-bacteria ekamelweni lokushisa endlini angagcina impahla yezinto eziphilayo iminyaka engu-7, kepha izinga lokushisa eliphezulu liyabhubhisa. Ngakho ekushiseni kuka-60 ° C, amabhaktheriya abhujiswe ngesigamu sehora, kufika ku-100 ° C - eminithini engu-1, ngenkathi epheka amaqanda - emaminithini angu-8.
I-Salmonella engavumelani nhlobo ihlukumezeka kakhulu ekuhlaselweni kwamakhemikhali, ibhujiswa yi-formaldehyde, i-bleach, i-carbolic acid izixazululo.
Izimpawu ezifundweni ezahlukene
Esikhathini esiyinkimbinkimbi yesifo ezinyoni kuphawula:
- izinhlanzi ezimhlophe;
- ukucindezeleka;
- isifo sohudo;
- ukungabi nokuhlangana kokuhamba;
- ukwesaba;
- i-coma;
- ukuxhuma;
- ukuhluleka kwamandla;
- i-fluff ehlanganisiwe eduze ne-cloaca;
- ukushiywa kwamaphiko.
Izimpawu zenkambo yokuziphendulela:
- i-plumage empofu;
- ukushisa ukushisa kwamalungu ezinyawo;
- ukugaya ukukhubazeka;
- ukuphefumula;
- ukushisa okuphakeme kuya ku-45 ° C.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi izinkukhu ze-Firewall kusukela ekubelethweni ngokwazo zihluka ngokubukeka futhi zishesha ngokushesha.Ingabe izinyoni zakho zigula nge-gonosis elula? Ngakho-ke funda: //selo.guru/ptitsa/kury/bolezni/k-virusnye/prostogonimoz.html.
Inkambo engapheliyo:
- ukuphuza ukukhula;
- ukubambezeleka kokuthuthukiswa;
- i-peritonitis (i-biliary noma i-fibrinous);
- i-salpingitis;
- i-hyperthermia;
- ukoma;
- ukungabi nesifiso;
- ubuthakathaka
Isikhathi sokugxilonga sifike ezinsukwini ezingu-20. Ukuzikhethela kungenxa yokuthi izinyoni eziye zahlushwa isifo zithola ingculazi futhi zingasenwe igciwane futhi.
Ukuhlonza
Ukuxilongwa kuyinkimbinkimbi, kubheka zonke izimpawu, idatha, ukuhlaziya isithombe somtholampilo jikelele, zonke izinguquko ezenzeka emzimbeni wabantu abagulayo.
Kodwa ukuxilongwa kokugcina kwenziwa kuphela ngokulandela imiphumela yocwaningo lwe-bacteriological, lapho isiko se-pathogen sisodwa ngendlela ehlanzekile. Izinto zalesisifundo zizoba:
- izidumbu zezinyoni ezigulayo;
- isibindi;
- i-gallbladder;
- izinso;
- inhliziyo;
- uhlaka;
- igazi;
- amaqanda wezilwane ezigulayo.
Ukusungulwa kwe-intravital yalesi sifo, isetshenziswa se-serological - ukusabela kwegazi ne-agglutination agglutination reaction (CCRA) eklasini kanye nokusabela kwegazi kanye negazi kwe-hemagglutination engaqondile ne-erythrocyte pullore antigen (CCRNA).
Ukwelashwa Nokuvimbela
Izinyathelo eziyisisekelo:
- ukudluliselwa kwabantu abagulayo kanye nezinkukhu ezibuthakathaka zokuhlatshwa.
- ukuhlukaniswa kwabantu abasha abafakwe igciwane.
- ukuncelisa kahle izinyoni ezifuywayo, ezihambisana nobudala babo nokubukeka.
- ukwelashwa kanye nezinyathelo zokuphilisa ngokuphathelene nabantu abaphilile, okuwukuthi, ukusebenzisa indlela eyinkimbinkimbi, ehlanganisa ukuhlanganisa izidakamizwa zochungechunge lwe-furan (sulfanilamide) ngokuhlanganiswa nemithi elwa namagciwane (chlortetracycline hydrochloride, tetracycline, njll). Imithi ephumelela kunazo zonke i-furazolidone ne-furaltadone.
- nyanga zonke enza isenzo segazi ne-agglutination kuze kube nomphumela omubi.
- ukugcina ukuhlanzeka kwendawo lapho izinyoni nezigubhu zigcinwa khona, ukuhlanza kwazo njalo nokucwiliswa.
- Izidumbu zama-bacilli carrier zingasetshenziswa embonini yokudla uma zingenayo izimpawu zomtholampilo.
Ukuvimbela nokuqeda ukutheleleka, izinyathelo zokwelapha eziphelele kanye nezindlela zokuvimbela, izifundo ze-bacteriological kanye nokubhujiswa kwabantu abathintekayo kufanele kwenziwe.
