I-Altynai ama-apula yisisombululo esihle kakhulu sokukhula ezindaweni ezincane isimo sezulu esibanda.
Izithelo ezihlwabusayo zalezi zihlahla zama-apula ezingenakuzijabulisa ngeke zikujabulise kuphela ngenkathi ephakeme, kodwa kuzokwenza wahlala wonke ubusika.
Uhlobo luni?
Altynai - ezihlukahlukene zasebusika elibhekene nokuqina okuhle kwebusika. Izihlahla ze-Apple zimelana namazinga okushisa aphansi futhi ubusika kahle izifunda ezinesimo sezulu sezulukazi esibukhali. Ubusika (ezindaweni ezibandayo ikakhulukazi) kudinga indawo yokuhlala.
Kunconyelwe ukutshala nokulima endaweni yesifunda saseSiberia nase-Urals. Eqinisweni, kulezi zindawo i-Altynai ehlukahlukene yayibalwa kuqala. Izihlahla ze-Apple zivumelaniswe nomswakama ophezulu wenhlabathi kanye namazinga aphansi okushisa emoyeni.
Izinhlobo zebusika nazo zikwa-Antey, Wintergushka, i-Snowdrop, i-Utes no-Stroyevsky.
Ukubukeka
Izinga zangaphandle ze-apula nezithelo zalo zizocatshangwa ngokwehlukana.
Izihlahla ze-Apple zakhiwa ngesihlahla esisodwa-isihlahla. I-moderate, kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi ungakhuli ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili.
Umqhele uhlanzekile, uphawule, akudingeki ukuthi uhlelwe ngokuhle. Amagxolo ayimpunga elimhlophe ngamachashaza nemivimbo.
Ama-apula ngokuvamile hhayi kakhulu kakhulu. Ubuningi obuvamile bemithi yase-Altynaya ngokuvamile buguquguquka 70-80 amagremu.
Ama-apula ngokwawo ayindilinga, ahlelwe kancane phezulu nangaphansi. Isikhumba sincane kakhulu inyama emhlophe ngemifino eluhlaza, okusanhlamvu okuhle. Ama-apula anayo obomvu obomvu. Umbala wesithelo uqhubeka ngemivimbo emincane.
Ama-apula ase-Altynay anezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokunambitheka: ukunambitheka okumnandi nomuncu kanye ne-juicinessokungafani nezinhlobo zama-apula asebusika, ikuvumela ukuba upheke kuzo i-jam, i-jam kanye nezinye izidlo ezidliwayo.
Owesilisa omdala, Indodakazi kaPepinchik, Yantar, Orlov kanye neMidunits nayo iyafaneleka ukwenza amalungiselelo okuzenzela.
Umlando wokuzala
Ngo-1965, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa ku-NIISS okuthiwa i-Lisavenko ngokudlula okwakuthandwa ngaleso sikhathi izinhlobo ze-apula zaseSiberia: I-velvet yase-Altai futhi Phoenix altai. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwaphumelela, abafuyi bazuza imithi yama-apula engenamakhaza anezithelo zokuvuthwa ekupheleni kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zangenela irejista kuphela ngonyaka ka-1999, yingakho kusengathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi baseRussia.
Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo
Ngegama liyabonakala ukuthi "umhlaba wendawo" u-Altynay - I-Altai Territory.
Izikhala ezivulekile zaseSiberia zaseSiberia ezinomhlabathi osindayo nesimo sezulu esivamile kulezi zindawo yizimo ezinhle kunazo zonke zezihlahla ze-apula kulezi zihlukahlukene.
I-Altynai ifanele ukukhula ezifundeni zaseCentral Russia kanye izindawo ezisenyakatho amazwe
Abanye balimi bavuna ngempumelelo kula ma apula ku-Primorsky Krai. Izindawo zaseNingizimu - kakhulu indawo engalungile ngoba lokhu okuhlukahlukene.
I-Altynai ekhulayo eningizimu iyadingeka evulekile, ihlinzeke nge-shading kuphela eceleni.
Kuyadingeka nokuthi umuthi kuhlelwa umoya.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-Altai ziyaziwa kabanzi njengeGorno-Altai, i-Altai Rumyan, i-Altai Crimson.
Ukuthela
Izihlahla ze-Apple ziqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesihlanu emva kokuvela kwembewu. Ukuthatha ama-apula kuqala engxenyeni yesibili kaSeptemba.
Isivuno sesilinganiso semithi yama-apula (30 kg kusuka emthini owodwa omdala) kubhekwa njalo. Qoqa izithelo kanye ngonyaka.
Ngeqoqo elifanele, ukuhamba kahle nokupakisha ama-apula igcinwe cishe izinyanga ezintathu. Abalimi abathandekayo ikakhulukazi bazokwazi ukujabulela izithelo Altynaya ngisho ngoMashi!
Izithelo ezinhle zingaziqhayisa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula: i-Bratchud, i-Carpet, Inkazimulo Kwabalandeli, I-Streamer ne-Scarlet Ekuqaleni.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ukuze i-altynai i-apple tree ithwale izithelo kahle, kunezici eziningi okudingeka zicatshangelwe, njengokukhetha kahle indawo, isikhathi, inhlabathi, futhi nokunakekelwa okufika ngesikhathi.
Ngaphambi kokutshala umgodi wesithombo kufanele ulungiswe kusengaphambili.
Khetha indawo evulekileuma uhlala esifundeni esinalo isimo sezulu esishisayofuthi ngokugcwele ivaliweuma i-apula ikhula endaweni ebandayo.
Umgodi ugobiwe, ususe ingqimba ephezulu evundile yomhlabathi ngakwesinye isiqondisi, kanti enye enye kwenye. Ububanzi bomgodi - kusuka emitha, cishe ukujula 60-80 amasentimitha (qaphela ubude bezimpande).
Kungcono ukugcwalisa izimpande ngomhlabathi ovundiwe oqoqwe esiseduze usebenzisa ishovu ebukhali.
Ngaphambi kokufaka isithombo emgodini, inhlabathi kufanele ichithe ngamanzi amaningi afudumele. Ngaphansi kwegodini, yenza ishubhu encane yamaqabunga endala, ama-humus, inhlabathi enhle namanyolo we-mineral. Spread izimpande ku-knoll bese uyimboza ngomhlaba. Qiniseka ukuthi i-collar yempande yayingaphansi kwenhlabathi.
Ku-apula izihlahla zalolu hlobo akudingekile ukuhlanza uqweqwe bese ukhulula, ukhula umthamo wezimpande zenhlabathi.
Abanye balimi ngisho nokujwayela ukutshala izitshalo ezikhethekile (isibonelo, ama-strawberries asebhanini). Lokhu kuvimbela izimpande eziqhathaniswa nokushisa.
Ukunisela kuyadingeka kuphela engxenyeni yokuqala yesizini esingenamvula. Misa ngemuva kokubopha izithelo bese ukhiqiza kuphela ngezikhathi ezomile kakhulu. Ngokujwayelekile ngezihlahla zama-apula Ukunwetshwa kwemvelo ngokwanele.
Uma isifunda sakho sibonakala ngokushisa okubandayo ngokushintshashintsha kokushisa okukhulu, ebusika ukumboza indawo ezimpandeni ngama-blanket endala namahlamvu omile, kanye nesiqu nomncane amagatsha omhlophe bese ugoqa iphepha elincane lezindlu zangasese.
Spring kudingeka idonsa umqhele wonke. isisombululo se-urea esibuthakathaka (0.05%).
Ungabukela ividiyo ngamathiphu ama-apula akhula nokunakekelwa kwe-apula kusuka ku-Oktyabrina Ganichkina.
Izifo nezinambuzane
//selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html - Isifo esivame kakhulu phakathi kwezihlahla ze-apula nezinye izihlahla zezithelo. Ukukhula okuncane ezinhlamvini eziluhlaza noma eziluhlaza okwenziwe ngokuluhlaza kufaka ama-apula ahlukumezayo. I-agent ye-causative yesifo yi-fungus ekhethekile.
I-Altynay inqabile kakhulu ekukhoneni, yingakho ithola ukuthandwa phakathi kwabalimi baseCentral Russia.
Kodwa-ke, kule minda yobusi kukhona inhlanzi emafutheni - ukutholakala kwemoni. Kuyinto izithelo ukubolaokuyinto eqala ngesizathu ukutheleleka kwefungal.
Uma umuthi we-apula utheleleke nge-moniliasis, izithelo ezingamaphesenti angu-60 zizophangwa, futhi uma ungaqoqi konke okunye ngesikhathi, ngisho nangaphezulu. Ama-apula avela kumuthi onegciwane ayalondolozwa kahle, vula ngokushesha.
Ukulwa ngokuphumelelayo okudingayo amagatsha aphethwe yi-trim futhi smear ukusikeka nge pitch ingadi. Emagatsheni afanelekile ngokuvamile kunezithelo eziningi ezithintekile, amahlamvu amnyama. Sika izingxenye zesitshalo kumele zishiswe kude nesayithi. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, izihlahla ze-apula zidinga ukucutshungulwa. fungicides.
Idonsa likaMealy - Enye yezinto ezimbi zazo zonke izihlahla zezithelo. Ngokujwayelekile lihlasela yonke ingadi, kungabi ngisho nokuvuna izitshalo zezihlahla: i-currants, i-gooseberries. Lesi sifo sinezici ze-Altynai apula izihlahla.
Imikhawulo yamahlumela iqala ukugoba, isomile futhi igubungulwe ngokuqhakaza okumhlophe, njengokwafulawa. Kwenzeka okufanayo namaqabunga nama-ovari. Ukuqeda insimu yokuhlupheka, kuyadingeka sishaye zonke izitshalo ngisho nenhlabathi ezungezile Isixazululo se-2% se-sulfur colloidal.
Ungakhohlwa ngezinambuzane ezinambuzane. I-apple moth, isithelo se-sapling, i-moth yezimayini, i-hawthorn, ne-silkworms ingenza umonakalo omkhulu. Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuvimbela okumele zibhekiswe kuzo okufanele zithathwe ezintweni ezithintekayo zesayithi lethu.
I-Altynai iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene yama-apula ezindaweni ezibandayo. Ukumelene nokukhwehlela, ubusika-obuqinile, izithelo zigcinwa isikhathi eside kakhulu. Akudingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, kodwa ezimweni ezinhle kujabulisa nokuningi kwamapula amahle!
